Pulling out of the Paris climate agreement was not enough, an ex-aide to the U.S. president says on the eve of a summit in Brazil: "You have to potentially destroy it."
Watch: Filipino families assess damage after Typhoon Kalmaegi
The death toll from flooding caused by one of the strongest typhoons this year in the central Philippines has risen to at least 114, authorities said on Thursday.
Typhoon Kalmaegi has flooded entire towns on Cebu, the region's most populous island, where 71 deaths were reported. Another 127 are missing and 82 injured, officials said.
Cebu provincial authorities reported an additional 28 deaths, which were not included in the tally released by the national civil defence office, according to AFP news agency.
Kalmaegi left the Philippines on Thursday morning and is currently moving toward central Vietnam, where residents are still reeling from floods that have already killed dozens of people.
Most of the deaths were due to drowning, reports said. The storm sent torrents of muddy water down hillsides and into towns and cities.
Damage to Cebu's residential areas was extensive, with many small buildings swept away and a thick carpet of mud left by the retreating floodwaters.
Local officials described the havoc wrought by the storm as "unprecedented".
Residents returning to their destroyed homes are reeling from the deadly floods earlier this week.
Jel-an Moira Servas, a business owner who lives in Mandaue city, told the BBC that she found herself waist-deep in water within minutes when her house became flooded. She quickly evacuated with her family, bringing only light items like food and electronics.
"Right now, the rain has completely stopped and the sun is out, but our houses are still filled with mud, and everything inside is in shambles," she said. "We don't even know where to start cleaning. I can't even look at it without crying."
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The national disaster agency said more than 400,000 people had been displaced by the disaster in Cebu, home to 2.5 million people.
The official death toll also includes six crew members of a military helicopter that crashed on Mindanao island, south of Cebu, after it was deployed to assist in relief efforts on Tuesday.
Carlos Jose Lañas, a volunteer rescuer, told the BBC that despite preparing for the worst case, they were caught off-guard by the extent of the flooding.
"This is the worst flood I've ever experienced," the 19-year-old said. "Almost all the rivers here in Cebu overflowed. Even emergency responders did not expect this kind of scenario."
"The rescue operation was too overwhelming for the emergency responders around Cebu, because there were a lot of people asking for help."
Typhoon Kalmaegi, locally called Tino, is the 20th tropical cyclone this year to hit the Philippines, a country prone to powerful storms.
It comes barely a month after back-to-back typhoons killed over a dozen people and wrought damage to infrastructure and crops.
Super Typhoon Ragasa, known locally as Nando, struck in late September, followed swiftly by Typhoon Bualoi, known locally as Opong.
In the months before, an extraordinarily wet monsoon season caused widespread flooding, sparking anger and protests over unfinished and sub-standard flood control systems that have been blamed on corruption.
Typhoon Kalmaegi left the Philippines at 00:30 local time (16:30pm GMT) on Thursday morning.
It has since strengthened, with maximum sustained winds increasing from 150 km/h to 155 km/h.
It is expected to make landfall in central Vietnam on Friday morning, according to forecasts. More than 50 flights there have been cancelled or rescheduled.
Vietnam has already been battling with a week of flooding and record rains that burst riverbanks and flooded some of the country's most popular tourist spots.
Thailand is also bracing for the storm's impact, with local officials warning of possible flash floods, landslides and river overflows caused by Kalmaegi.
Hamas agreed to return all hostages it was holding in Gaza, living and dead, as part of the US-brokered ceasefire deal with Israel
Hamas has handed over to the Red Cross a coffin containing what it says is the body of another deceased hostage, the Israeli military has said.
The remains have been transferred to Israeli forces, who will take them to the National Centre of Foreign Medicine in Tel Aviv for identification.
Under the first phase of the US-brokered ceasefire deal with Israel, which started nearly a month ago, Hamas agreed to return all 20 living and 28 dead Israeli and foreign hostages it was holding within 72 hours.
Israel has accused Hamas of deliberately delaying the recovery of the dead hostages' bodies, while Hamas has insisted it is struggling to find them under rubble.
If the latest remains are confirmed as those of a dead hostage, it will mean six others are still in Gaza – including Israelis and foreign nationals.
All the remaining living Israeli hostages were released on 13 October in exchange for 250 Palestinian prisoners and 1,718 detainees from Gaza.
Israel has also handed over the bodies of 300 Palestinians in exchange for the bodies of the Israeli hostages and those of two foreign hostages - one of them Thai and the other Nepalese.
Staff Sgt Chen was serving as a soldier in the IDF's 7th Brigade when Hamas-led gunmen attacked southern Israel on 7 October 2023.
The IDF said he was killed inside a tank during a battle in Kibbutz Nir Oz and that his body was taken to Gaza as a hostage by Hamas.
The slow progress over the return of the hostages has meant there has been no advance on the second phase of President Trump's Gaza peace plan. This includes plans for the governance of Gaza, the withdrawal of Israeli troops, the disarmament of Hamas, and reconstruction.
Israel has allowed members of the Palestinian armed group and Red Cross staff to search for remains in areas still controlled by Israeli forces.
All but one of the dead hostages still in Gaza were among the 251 people abducted during the Hamas-led attack on southern Israel on 7 October 2023, during which about 1,200 other people were killed.
Israel responded by launching a military campaign in Gaza, during which more than 68,800 people have been killed, according to the territory's Hamas-run health ministry.
South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa is investigating the incident
South Africa's government says it has received distress calls from 17 citizens who have joined mercenary forces in the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
The men are between the ages of 20 and 39 years and are trapped in Ukraine's war-torn Donbas region.
President Cyril Ramaphosa has "ordered an investigation into the circumstances that led to the recruitment of these young men into these seemingly mercenary activities," a government spokesman said. The statement did not say which side of the conflict the South Africans were fighting for.
Working as a mercenary or fighting on behalf of another government is illegal in South Africa, unless the government authorises it.
The men were lured to join the mercenary forces under the pretext of lucrative contracts, the government said.
Spokesman Vincent Magwenya added the South African government is working through "diplomatic channels" to secure their return.
Magwenya said 16 of the men were from KwaZulu-Natal and one from the Eastern Cape.
"President Ramaphosa and the South African government strongly condemn the exploitation of young vulnerable people by individuals working with foreign military entities," he added.
Africa Corps, a Russian mercenary group controlled by the Russian Ministry of Defence, has effectively replaced the rival military group Wagner in West Africa, after its leader Yevgeny Prigozhin was killed in a plane crash.
In August, the South African government issued a warning to young women not to fall for social media recruitment opportunities promoting jobs abroad, particularly in Russia.
A BBC investigation found young women had been taken to the Alabuga Special Economic Zone in the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia to work in a drones factory.
It is estimated more than 1,000 women have been recruited from across Africa and South Asia to work in Alabuga's weapons factories.
In September, Kenyan police said they had rescued more than 20 people from a suspected trafficking ring that had lured them with job offers in Russia but intended to send them to fight in Ukraine.
Ukraine has previously said that it was holding citizens of various countries - Somalia, Sierra Leone, Togo, Cuba and Sri Lanka - at prisoner-of-war camps.
The Great Barrier Reef has suffered mass bleaching events in recent years
The Great Barrier Reef is headed for a "grim future" and will suffer a "rapid coral decline" by 2050 but parts may recover if global warming is kept below 2C, a new study has found.
Researchers at the University of Queensland (UQ) used modelling to simulate the lifecycles of certain coral species and found that some were better at adapting to warmer oceans and could help new coral grow.
Reefs near cooler-water currents were also more resilient, giving a "glimmer of hope" to the natural wonder, which has suffered severe climate-induced heat stress in recent years.
The study warned that curbing carbon emissions was crucial to allow coral to recover and avoid a "near collapse" of the reef.
Dr Yves-Marie Bozec, who led the research, said the modelling of more than 3,800 individual reefs that make up the Great Barrier Reef looked at their "eco-evolutionary dynamics". This included how corals interact with each other, how they deal with warmer water and corals in naturally cooler areas.
"We ran all of those factors with the most up-to-date climate projections - and the news was not good," he said.
"We forecast a rapid coral decline before the middle of this century regardless of the emissions scenario."
The Great Barrier Reef is one of the world's most biodiverse ecosystems, stretching more than 2,300km (1,400 miles) off Australia's north-east coast.
It has suffered four significant marine heatwaves between 2016 and 2022, causing much of its coral to expel the algae which gives them life and colour - a process called bleaching, which is often fatal.
A recent report found that parts of the Great Barrier Reef had suffered the largest annual decline in coral cover since records began nearly 40 years ago.
Dr Bozec said some parts of the reef "may partially recover after 2050, but only if ocean warming is sufficiently slow to allow natural adaptation to keep pace with temperature changes".
"Adaptation may keep pace if global warming does not exceed two degrees by 2100. For that to happen, more action is needed globally to reduce carbon emissions which are driving climate change."
Dr Bozec said: "The window for meaningful action is closing rapidly but it hasn't shut".
Under the Paris agreement, almost 200 nations have pledged to limit global temperature rises to 1.5C and to keep them "well below" 2C above those recorded in pre-industrial times, generally considered to mean the late 19th Century.
Prof Peter Mumby, who also worked on the study, said they found "many reefs could persist under the Paris agreement target of two degrees of warming".
"However, higher emissions leading to faster temperature rises would drive most reefs to a near collapse," he said.
Prof Murphy said reefs in areas "where the water doesn't heat up so dramatically because it is well mixed, fared better than others" and reefs close to populations of corals that can regenerate were also healthier.
Identifying areas of the reef network that are more resilient will mean efforts to protect the reef can focus on "strategic parts" of the ecosystem, he added.
Watch: Can you un-bleach coral? BBC visits remote Australian reef to find out
The attack off the Somali coast comes amid a resurgence of piracy in the region
Attackers have boarded a ship off the coast of Somalia after firing machine guns and rocket-propelled grenades at the vessel, according to a UK maritime agency.
The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) has issued an alert about the raid, which it said happened about 560 nautical miles south-east of the Somali town of Eyl.
Private security firm Ambrey said the attackers were probably Somali pirates, who have been active in the region in recent days.
Greek shipping company Latsco Marine Management also confirmed the attack, saying all the ship's 24 crew were "safe and accounted for" and "we remain in close contact with them".
"The Master of a vessel has reported being approached by one small craft on its stern. The small craft fired small arms and RPGs towards the vessel," UKMTO said in a statement.
According to Latsco, the attack on the Malta-registered vessel occurred at around 11:48 local time (08:48GMT). It said the vessel was a tanker carrying gasoline.
"[Latsco] has activated its emergency response team and is coordinating with the relevant authorities to ensure the continued safety and welfare of the crew," it said.
The vessel, named Hellas Aphrodite, was built in 2016, and was en route from Sikka, India, to Durban, South Africa, it said
The attack comes amid a resurgence of piracy in the region, which had declined after peaking more than a decade ago.
There were at least seven reported incidents last year, and several fishing vessels have already been seized by pirates this year, according to the International Maritime Bureau.
Police said they were alerted by a man who found a car in Hanau smeared with reddish liquid
About 50 vehicles have been smeared with what appears to be human blood in the German city of Hanau near Frankfurt, police say.
Cars, walls and postboxes were defaced, sometimes with swastikas, they said in a statement.
Police say they were alerted late on Wednesday night when a man noticed that a car in the Lamboy district of Hanau had been smeared with a reddish liquid.
The liquid had been applied in the shape of a swastika, they added.
Officers then found many other smeared cars and house walls in the surrounding area.
Swastikas are banned in Germany under laws banning the public display of Nazi symbols.
Police say preliminary tests show the liquid was probably human blood.
"There is still no clue as to where it came from; officials are not yet aware of any injuries in connection with the incident," they added.
Local authorities said they were trying "to solve the mystery" and have appealed to the public for information.
Bundestag Vice President Omid Nouripour said the attack left him speechless and needed to be solved quickly.
"This act strikes at the very heart of Hanau and reopens the wounds of the far-right terrorist attack five years ago," he wrote on X, referring to the killing of nine people by a gunman targeting people of immigrant origin in February 2020.
Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy warned there will be a 10% reduction in air travel capacity at 40 major airports in the US starting Friday morning, if the government shutdown continues.
The decision was made because air traffic controllers have been reporting issues with fatigue, the head of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said at a briefing with Duffy on Wednesday.
"It is unusual, just as the shutdown is unusual, just as the fact that our controllers haven't been paid for a month is unusual," said FAA chief Bryan Bedford
During the shutdown, now the longest in US history, controllers have had to keep working without pay, prompting some to call out sick or take side jobs.
Watch: "There will be frustration" - Transport secretary outlines reduction in air traffic
The flight reductions will be gradual, starting at 4% of domestic flights on Friday, then rising to 5% on Saturday and 6% on Sunday, before hitting the full 10% next week, Reuters reported after the announcement, citing four unnamed sources.
The names of the affected airports - all high-traffic locations - will be released on Thursday, the officials said.
The cancellations could affect between 3,500 and 4,000 flights per day.
"We are seeing pressures build in a way that we don't feel - if we allow it to go unchecked - will allow us to continue to tell the public that we operate the safest airline system in the world," Bedford said.
Duffy said air travel is still safe, and the decision to cancel the flights was being made to maintain safety and efficiency.
If the shutdown continues and adds more pressure to the system, additional restrictive measures may be required, Bedford said.
A spokesperson for Southwest Airlines, the fourth-largest carrier in North America, said in a statement that the company is still evaluating how the flight restrictions will affect its services, and will let customers know as soon as possible.
"We continue to urge Congress to immediately resolve its impasse and restore the National Airspace System to its full capacity," the spokesperson added.
Delta Airlines declined to comment. The BBC has also reached out to other major US airlines.
Once government funds ran out on 1 October, most federal workers were sent home and told they would be paid once the government reopened. Those deemed essential, like controllers, though, had to keep doing their jobs without pay.
Almost immediately after the shutdown started, airports began feeling the effects. Some had to ground flights for hours after air traffic controllers called out sick, while others relied on controllers from other airports.
Nick Daniels, the president of the labor union representing more than 20,000 aviation workers, put the situation into stark terms on Wednesday.
"Air traffic controllers are texting 'I don't even have enough money to put gas in my car to come to work,'" he told CNN.
"We base what we do day in and day out on predictability," he said. "Right now there is no predictability."
Duffy warned earlier this week that the flight cancellations may be coming, as half of the country's 30 major airports experience staff shortages.
He previously said there's a risk that comes with air traffic controllers taking on additional jobs during the shutdown, and had threatened to fire controllers who do not come to work.
"They have to make a decision, do I go to work and not get a paycheque and not put food on the table? Or do I drive for Uber or DoorDash or wait tables?" Duffy said on ABC on Sunday.
Aston Villa are 10th in the Europa League table after three games
Published
The chief executive of Israeli club Maccabi Tel Aviv says it is "incredibly sad" away fans have been banned from his side's Europa League match at Aston Villa.
"Politics should never be drawn into football", Jack Angelides told BBC Sport.
Last month, the local Safety Advisory Group - the body responsible for issuing safety certificates for matches - informed Villa that no travelling fans would be allowed to attend the fixture in Birmingham on Thursday after police raised concerns, sparking a major backlash.
Six weeks ago, there was a chance the game might not go ahead, with calls for Israeli teams to be removed from international competitions because of the Israel-Gaza war.
But once a ceasefire was agreed last month, it became clear Maccabi Tel Aviv - the only Israeli club to reach the league stage of European competition this season - would stay in the Europa League.
West Midlands Police said its high-risk assessment of the fixture was "based on current intelligence and previous incidents, including violent clashes and hate crime offences that occurred during the 2024 Uefa Europa League match between Ajax and Maccabi Tel Aviv in Amsterdam".
Last month's Tel Aviv derby was called off by police amid disorder, heightening safety concerns, but Angelides insisted his club's fans were not to blame. When asked why he felt they had been banned from the match at Villa Park, he said, "I have no idea because it has never been fully reported.
"People have used the silence or lack of clarity to fulfil agendas. I must believe that there was a concern that the safety of the Maccabi fans coming here would be at risk. That must be the main reason."
A coalition of six pro-Palestinian organisations are planning to be outside Villa Park on Thursday to protest against the match going ahead.
Nayeem Malik, chair of West Midlands Palestinian Solidarity, said the organisation has put out a national call for people to turn up and hope to have between 20,000 and 50,000 protesters attending.
"Maccabi Tel Aviv should not be playing anywhere in the international arena," Malik told BBC Sport.
"We have had a lot of demonstrations for Palestine in this city and they have all been very peaceful.
"Our campaign is that Israel should be boycotted in all sports and that's whether they play with or without fans."
More than 700 police officers will be deployed on the streets of Birmingham, including those with horses, dogs, the force's drone unit, and road policing officers. There will be a no-fly zone around the ground, and some local schools say they are closing early.
"We trust in the local authorities," said Angelides.
"I feel that they must know the situation, what is required and know the lines that must be drawn."
Maccabi Tel Aviv have played both their Europa League home games this season in Serbia after Uefa ruled it was unsafe to host matches in Israel, and Angelides believes the players are accustomed to playing fixtures without a large travelling support.
"We've had to deal with this for two years, playing our home match abroad and often without fans because of the distance and location," he added.
"No excuses, our players will be ready to play a football match."
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Prince William with Kylie Minogue at the awards ceremony
The Prince of Wales has revealed the five winners of this year's environmental Earthshot Prize, calling them an "inspiration that gives us courage".
Prince William said their work was "proof that progress is possible" during Wednesday evening's awards ceremony in Rio de Janeiro's Museum of Tomorrow.
Winners include a project for making South America's Atlantic Forest financially viable and a global ocean treaty initiative aimed at conserving marine life.
Brazilian football legend Cafu, Olympic gymnast Rebeca Andrade and former Formula 1 driver Sebastian Vettel were among the award presenters.
Performances from Kylie Minogue, Shawn Mendes and Brazilian queen of pop Anitta also got the jubilant mood swinging.
Earthshot Prize supports eco-friendly projects from around the world, and annually awards each of the five winners with a £1m grant to scale up their ideas aimed at repairing the world's climate.
Organisers of the initiative were inspired by former US President John F Kennedy's Moonshot project, which challenged scientists to get astronauts to the Moon and back safely.
Hosted by award-winning Brazilian broadcaster Luciano Huck, the awards ceremony was addressed by Prince William, the Earthshot Prize's president.
"When I founded the Earthshot Prize in 2020, we had a 10-year goal: to make this the decade in which we transformed our world for the better," he told attendees.
"We set out to tackle environmental issues head on and make real, lasting changes that would protect life on Earth."
There are five Earthshots or goals: Protect and Restore Nature; Clean Our Air; Revive Our Oceans; Build a Waste-free World; and Fix Our Climate.
The future king has committed himself to it for 10 years, with Rio marking a halfway point for the venture.
This year saw nearly 2,500 nominees submitted from 72 countries. Out of them, 15 finalists were selected, from which the five winners were chosen.
Earthshot Prize 2025 - Full list of winners
Protect and Restore Nature: re.green, in Brazil, is making protecting one of the world's most important ecosystems, the Atlantic Forest, financially viable
Clean Our Air: The city of Bogotá, has shown how public policy can bring lasting change, through means such as clean air zones and re-greening degraded areas in the Colombian capital
Revive Our Oceans: The High Seas Treaty is a global ocean initiative that will set out clear measures to conserve marine life, among other things, and will go into effect from January 2026
Build a Waste-Free World: Lagos Fashion Week, in Nigeria, is redefining the industry, with each designer wishing to showcase required to show their commitment to sustainable practice
Fix Our Climate: Friendship is dedicated to helping vulnerable communities across Bangladesh for a multiude of things from access to public services, health, education and preparing for natural disasters
Referring to the winners as "innovators", Prince William called the Earthshot Prize a "mission driven by the kind of extraordinary optimism we have felt here tonight".
"There's a great deal we can learn from their determination, their vision for scale, and their unyielding belief that we can create a better world."
The chair of the board of trustees, Christiana Figueres, said they were building a "global legacy".
"These winners are proof that the spirit of collective action born here in Rio continues to grow stronger, more determined, and more urgent than ever.
"Their 2030 aims are deeply ambitious - but their impact to date, their plans in place and their tenacity fuels my optimism."
Earlier in the day, Prince William met the 15 finalists during a visit to the Christ the Redeemer statue, where he posed for a photograph on the same spot his late mother, Diana, Princess of Wales, did 34 years ago.
But much of the prince's five-day visit to Brazil has been focused on climate and the environment.
On Tuesday, he criticised criminals for their involvment in the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest during a speech at the United for Wildlife conference.
He also travelled to the small island of Paqueta, where he met locals, learnt about mangrove conservation and planted tree saplings.
On Thursday, he will be travelling to Belem in the Amazon rainforest, where he is scheduled to give a speech at COP30, the UN's annual climate change meeting.
Donald Trump's sweeping use of tariffs in the first nine months of his second term was sharply questioned during oral arguments before the Supreme Court on Wednesday.
Chief Justice John Roberts, and justices Amy Coney Barrett and Neil Gorsuch – three conservative jurists considered swing votes in this case - peppered US Solicitor General John Sauer, representing the president's administration, during his more than 45 minutes before the court.
They were joined by the court's three liberal justices, who also expressed scepticism about whether federal law – and the US Constitution – give the president authority to unilaterally set tariff levels on foreign imports.
"The justification is being used for power to impose tariffs on any product from any country in any amount, for any length of time," Roberts said.
If the court ruled for Trump in this case, Gorsuch wondered: "What would prohibit Congress from just abdicating all responsibility to regulate foreign commerce?"
He added that he was "struggling" to find a reason to buy Sauer's arguments.
The case centres around a 1977 law, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), that Trump's lawyers have said gives the president the power to impose tariffs. Although the Constitution specifically vests Congress with tariff authority, Trump has claimed that the legislature delegated "emergency" authority to him to bypass longer, established processes.
Sauer asserted that the nation faced unique crises – ones that were "country-killing and not sustainable" - that necessitated emergency action by the president. He warned that if Trump's tariff powers were ruled illegal, it would expose the US to "ruthless trade retaliation" and lead to "ruinous economic and national security consequences.
Watch: How a Supreme Court case could upend Trump’s tariffs
Trump first invoked IEEPA in February to tax goods from China, Mexico and Canada, saying drug trafficking from those countries constituted an emergency.
He deployed it again in April, ordering levies from 10% to 50% on goods from almost every country in the world. This time, he said the US trade deficit - where the US imports more than it exports - posed an "extraordinary and unusual threat".
Those tariffs took hold in fits and starts this summer while the US pushed countries to strike "deals".
Lawyers for the challenging states and private groups have contended that while the IEEPA gave the president power to regulate trade, it made no mention of the word "tariffs"
Neil Katyal, making the case for the private businesses, said it was "implausible" that Congress "handed the president the power to overhaul the entire tariff system and the American economy in the process, allowing him to set and reset tariffs on any and every product from any and every country, at any and all times."
He also challenged whether the issues cited by the White House, especially the trade deficit, represent the kind of emergencies the law envisioned.
Suppose America faced the threat of war from a "very powerful enemy", Samuel Alito - another conservative justice – asked. "Could a president under this provision impose a tariff to stave off war?"
Katyal said that a president could impose an embargo or a quota, but a revenue-raising tariff was a step too far.
For Sauer, this was a false choice. Presidents, he said, have broad powers over national security and foreign policy – powers that the challengers want to infringe on.
A key question could be whether the court determines whether Trump's tariffs are a tax.
Several justices pointed out that the power to tax – to raise revenue – is explicitly given to Congress in the Constitution.
Sauer's reply was that Trump's tariffs are a means of regulating trade and that any revenue generated is "only incidental".
Of course, Trump himself has boasted about the billions his tariffs have generated so far and how essential this new stream of funding is to the federal government.
Treasury secretary Scott Bessent, who attended the hearing, made no comment when asked by the BBC what he thought of the hearing. Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick, also in court, flashed a thumbs-up.
US Trade Envoy Jamieson Greer was in court, along with Minnesota Senator Amy Klobuchar, who said outside after arguments, that she was "hopeful" based on the questions asked that the court would overturn the tariffs.
"I thought they were very good questions," she said, describing tariffs as an "unconstitutional power grab" by the president.
If a majority of the Supreme Court rules in Trump's favour, it will overturn the findings of three lower courts that already ruled against the administration.
The decision, no matter how it works out, has implications for an estimated $90bn worth of import taxes already paid - roughly half the tariff revenue the US collected this year through September, according to Wells Fargo analysts.
Trump officials have warned that sum could swell to $1tn if the court takes until June to rule.
During oral arguments, Barrett grappled with the question of reimbursing such revenue, wondering if it would be a "complete mess".
Katyal responded by saying that small businesses might get refunds, but bigger companies would have to follow "administrative procedures". He admitted that it was a "very complicated thing".
In remarks on Wednesday, press secretary Karoline Leavett hinted that the administration already is looking at other ways to impose tariffs if the Supreme Court rules against them.
"The White House is always preparing for Plan B," she said. "It would be imprudent of the president's advisors not to prepare for such a situation."
A palliative care nurse in Germany has been sentenced to life in prison after he was convicted of the murder of 10 patients and the attempted murder of 27 others.
Prosecutors alleged that the man, who has not been publicly named, injected his mostly elderly patients with painkillers or sedatives in an effort to ease his workload during shifts overnight.
The offences were committed between December 2023 and May 2024 in a hospital in Wuerselen, in western Germany.
Investigators are reported to be looking into several other suspicious cases during his career.
According to media outlet Agence France-Presse (AFP), the unnamed man had employed at the hospital in Wuerselen since 2020, after completing training as a nursing professional in 2007.
Prosecutors told a court in Aachen that he showed "irritation" and a lack of empathy to patients who required a higher level of care, and accused him of playing "master of life and death".
The court was told that he injected patients with large doses of morphine and midazolam, a muscle relaxant, in an effort to reduce his workload during night shifts.
He was arrested in 2024.
When issuing the life sentence, the court said that the man's crimes carried a "particular severity of guilt" which should bar him from early release after 15 years.
He will be able to appeal the verdict.
Prosecutors have told AFP that exhumations are taking place to identify further potential victims, which could see the man put on trial again.
The case bears similarity to that of former nurse Niels Högel, who was handed a life sentence in 2019 after he was convicted of murdering 85 patients at two hospitals in northern Germany.
A court found that he administered lethal doses of heart medication to people in his care between 1999 and 2005.
He is believed to be the most prolific killer in Germany's modern history.
Polling officials at an election centre in Bihar's capital Patna, two days before the first phase of voting
Voting has begun in the eastern Indian state of Bihar where more than 74 million people are eligible to vote in a crucial election that will be a precursor to several key state polls.
Voters will cast their ballots for 243 seats in a two-phase election to choose the next state government. Counting of votes is scheduled for 14 November.
The election comes after a controversial revision of electoral rolls that the opposition alleged would exclude genuine voters and give an edge to Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
The BJP and India's Election Commission have denied these allegations.
Bihar is one of India's poorest and most populous states, which sees millions migrating to other states for jobs. It is also among the few states in India where Modi's party has not managed to form a government yet on its own.
The outgoing government is an alliance between the BJP and the Janata Dal (United), or JD(U). They are contesting the elections again together while India's main opposition Congress party has tied up with the regional Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and a number of smaller parties.
The election has also seen the entry of a new political party led by Prashant Kishor, a political consultant who has in the past worked with both the BJP and the Congress.
The election is also being closely watched as it might be the last to see active participation from two leaders who have shaped Bihar's politics for almost four decades - JD(U)'s Nitish Kumar and RJD's Lalu Prasad Yadav. The rivals, who are said to be in poor health, have on occasion joined hands to stay in power.
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Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav have shaped much of Bihar's politics in the last few decades
Incumbent chief minister Kumar is one of the state's most influential leaders and has led the government for the major part of the past two decades.
He is a key ally of the BJP and played a crucial role in helping Modi's party form the federal government after the 2024 election.
RJD's Lalu Yadav served as chief minister from 1990-97. Known for his colourful personality and witty one-liners, Yadav's rise as a politician who championed marginalised caste groups transformed the political landscape of the state. His party's years in power, however, became associated with misrule and corruption. He is currently out on bail after being convicted in corruption cases.
Yadav's sons Tejashwi has been projected as the chief minister candidate for the opposition alliance.
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Prashant Kishor, considered one of India's best known political consultants, has entered the fray with his Jan Suraaj Party
The election comes on the back of a controversial voter list revision carried out by India's Election Commission a few months ago. The commission released a list of 74.2 million voters in September, weeding out 4.7 million names.
The exercise was sharply criticised by the opposition, which accused the commission of working dropping many voters - especially Muslims - to aid Modi's party. Both the BJP and the Election Commission denied this.
Analysts say female voters are expected to play a key role in these elections - nearly half of the voters are women and their turnout has seen a steady rise.
Political analyst Santosh Singh says women in Bihar are more likely to vote over issues and that's why political parties are trying to target them with different welfare schemes. Both alliances have offered financial assistance to woo women voters.
Earlier this week, the BBC met Kushboo Devi, 40, who's been campaigning for her local candidate in Masaurhi village. She says she has been trying to get everyone to come out and vote but her focus is on women.
"Because in Bihar, wherever you see a higher voting percentage, it's usually the women who are showing up at the poll booths."
于上个月再度胜选的喀麦隆总统保罗·比亚（président Paul Biya）计划在今天宣誓就职。根据喀麦隆宪法委员会（le Conseil constitutionnel）此前公布的统计结果。2025年大选的投票率为57.76%,比上一届2018年高。赢得继续执政的喀麦隆总统在本次选举中的得票率为53.66%。不过，就这一总统选举的结果，喀麦隆国内仍有抗议。
在位于非洲中西部的喀麦隆（le Cameroun），于2025年10月12日总统大选中胜出的保罗·比亚总统（président Paul Biya）预计今天（2025年11月06日星期四）宣誓就职，开启他的第八个总统任期。
-- 喀麦隆历史上的今天 --
据本台法广非洲组（RFI Afrique）的一则最新法文报道。现年92岁的喀麦隆总统保罗·比亚（président Paul Biya）在43年前的同一天，也就是1982年11月06日首次宣誓出任喀麦隆总统。因此，尽管喀麦隆目前仍旧笼罩在总统大选后的紧张局势之中，但今天的就职典礼仍将是在隆重的（solennelle）和盛大的（fastueuse）气氛中展开。
Mamdani, who was born in Uganda 34 years ago to a family of Indian origin, on Tuesday defeated former governor Andrew Cuomo and Republican Curtis Sliwa to become the city’s first Muslim mayor and the first of south Asian heritage.
He has lived in the US since he was seven years old. In his 20s, under the stage name Young Cardamom, he made music with Ugandan rapper HAB.
Many in Uganda had not heard of Mamdani before the election win or that a Ugandan had become the youngest mayor of New York City in more than a century.
But there was excitement and pride at Makerere University in the Ugandan capital, Kampala, where Mamdani’s father taught until a few years ago.
“Seeing Zohran up there, I feel like I can also make it,” psychology student Anthony Kirabo told Agence France-Presse (AFP).
“It makes me feel good and proud of my country because it shows that Uganda can produce some good leaders,” said the 22-year-old, adding that he hoped it might encourage more tourists to come to the east African country.
Mamdani’s win comes at a trying period for democracy in east Africa, where observers describe growing repression and violation of human rights in some countries.
Uganda’s neighbour Tanzania is reeling from bloody election violence last week in which hundreds of people were reported to have been killed in demonstrations against what protesters said was the stifling of the opposition after the exclusion of key candidates from the presidential ballot.
Some hoped Mamdani’s victory would provide a lesson for Ugandan leaders as the country readies itself for a potentially fraught general election in January, with Yoweri Museveni, the president who has ruled the country for 39 years, seeking to extend his grip on power into a seventh term.
Developments in the run-up, including the months-long detention of opposition politician Kizza Besigye, the passage of a bill to try civilians in military court and the abduction of two Kenyan rights activists, have turned the spotlight on what critics deem intolerance and authoritarianism by Museveni’s administration.
Joseph Sendagire, a 28-year-old procurement officer, told AFP he hoped Uganda would “borrow a leaf” from New York City’s mayoral election.
“Uganda should embrace a culture of free and fair elections, allow candidates to compete for whatever post we want in a fair manner, treat them equally, and then at the end of the day, may the best candidate win,” he said.
Robert Kabushenga, a retired media executive who is friendly with the Mamdani family, told the Associated Press that the win offers “a beacon of hope” for embattled activists and others in Uganda. The lesson is that “we should allow young people the opportunity to shape, and participate in, politics in a meaningful way,” he said.
Bobi Wine, Museveni’s main challenger, sent “hearty congratulations” to Mamdani.
“From Uganda, we celebrate and draw strength from your example as we work to build a country where every citizen can realize their grandest dreams regardless of means and background,” the 43-year-old wrote on X.
Joel Ssenyonyi, the leader of the opposition leader in the Ugandan parliament, told the AP he sees Mamdani’s victory as an inspiring political shift but somehow too distant for many Africans at home.
“It’s a big encouragement even to us here in Uganda that it’s possible,” said Ssenyonyi. “But we have a long way to get there.”
Agence France-Presse and the Associated Press contributed reporting
The Great Barrier Reef has suffered mass bleaching events in recent years
The Great Barrier Reef is headed for a "grim future" and will suffer a "rapid coral decline" by 2050 but parts may recover if global warming is kept below 2C, a new study has found.
Researchers at the University of Queensland (UQ) used modelling to simulate the lifecycles of certain coral species and found that some were better at adapting to warmer oceans and could help new coral grow.
Reefs near cooler-water currents were also more resilient, giving a "glimmer of hope" to the natural wonder, which has suffered severe climate-induced heat stress in recent years.
The study warned that curbing carbon emissions was crucial to allow coral to recover and avoid a "near collapse" of the reef.
Dr Yves-Marie Bozec, who led the research, said the modelling of more than 3,800 individual reefs that make up the Great Barrier Reef looked at their "eco-evolutionary dynamics". This included how corals interact with each other, how they deal with warmer water and corals in naturally cooler areas.
"We ran all of those factors with the most up-to-date climate projections - and the news was not good," he said.
"We forecast a rapid coral decline before the middle of this century regardless of the emissions scenario."
The Great Barrier Reef is one of the world's most biodiverse ecosystems, stretching more than 2,300km (1,400 miles) off Australia's north-east coast.
It has suffered four significant marine heatwaves between 2016 and 2022, causing much of its coral to expel the algae which gives them life and colour - a process called bleaching, which is often fatal.
A recent report found that parts of the Great Barrier Reef had suffered the largest annual decline in coral cover since records began nearly 40 years ago.
Dr Bozec said some parts of the reef "may partially recover after 2050, but only if ocean warming is sufficiently slow to allow natural adaptation to keep pace with temperature changes".
"Adaptation may keep pace if global warming does not exceed two degrees by 2100. For that to happen, more action is needed globally to reduce carbon emissions which are driving climate change."
Dr Bozec said: "The window for meaningful action is closing rapidly but it hasn't shut".
Under the Paris agreement, almost 200 nations have pledged to limit global temperature rises to 1.5C and to keep them "well below" 2C above those recorded in pre-industrial times, generally considered to mean the late 19th Century.
Prof Peter Mumby, who also worked on the study, said they found "many reefs could persist under the Paris agreement target of two degrees of warming".
"However, higher emissions leading to faster temperature rises would drive most reefs to a near collapse," he said.
Prof Murphy said reefs in areas "where the water doesn't heat up so dramatically because it is well mixed, fared better than others" and reefs close to populations of corals that can regenerate were also healthier.
Identifying areas of the reef network that are more resilient will mean efforts to protect the reef can focus on "strategic parts" of the ecosystem, he added.
Watch: Can you un-bleach coral? BBC visits remote Australian reef to find out
Headaches are something almost all of us deal with at some point.
They can last from a couple of minutes to days and the pain can be sharp, dull, throbbing or stabbing and sometimes spread beyond your head to your scalp, face or even your neck.
Dr Xand van Tulleken, who hosts the BBC's What's Up Docs wellness podcast, knows the feeling all too well and says he gets headaches once a month or every six weeks and it "feels like someone's drilling into my eyeball".
While it's easy to panic about what might be behind a bad headache, Dr Katy Munro, a GP and expert at the National Migraine Centre, says it's rarely something serious.
"It's natural to worry that something is seriously wrong, but the chances of that are actually very small," she explains.
She advises that if it's your "first or worst headache, get it checked out by a doctor," but if you're getting a pattern of milder, recurring headaches, there are a few simple things you can try at home as well as seeing your GP.
1. How big was the impact on your day?
Dr Xand says understanding your own headaches can be surprisingly helpful as they often don't have a single cause so keeping a diary can help you spot patterns and triggers.
For some people, weather such as thunder and lightning could trigger it, while for others it might be sensitivity to light.
"The worst time for me is when we're driving in the autumn and the sun is low and the sun is flickering through the trees...it really aggravates," says Dr Munro.
It's worth noting down things like:
What you were doing when the headache started
What you ate or drank
How well you slept
The weather
For women, track your menstrual cycle, as headaches can be linked to hormonal changes
But, Dr Munro cautions that you shouldn't overdo it.
"I made the mistake of making mine very detailed, which was depressing. Instead keep it simple and maybe write a number from one to 10 to summarise the impact it had on your day.
"It's also useful to track how many crystal-clear days you have, not just the bad ones.
Your doctor can then review it to help identify patterns.
2. Use caffeine wisely
You might think that caffeine is something you should instantly avoid if you have a headache but Dr Munro says the truth is more nuanced.
In small, careful doses, it can make painkillers more effective if you are not having too much caffeine on a daily basis.
"Caffeine is a co-analgesic which means it can boost the effect of a painkiller," Dr Munro explains, but avoid it in the afternoon and evening as it can disrupt your sleep.
It's worth also thinking about your caffeine consumption more broadly - consuming lots of it every day can cause a caffeine overuse headache and if you suddenly stop, you might get a withdrawal headache.
3. Don't skip meals
What you eat and when may make a difference if you're suffering from headaches.
Dr Munro recommends following a diet similar to the Mediterranean one that is rich in protein, healthy fats and complex carbs which can help stabilise your energy levels.
You should avoid quick-release sugary snacks and definitely don't skip meals as that can be a common trigger.
Dr Munro says she found her headaches were helped by cutting out dairy and gluten, though that's not universal.
"I also found eating regularly and taking lunch to work made a difference," she says.
As well as thinking about food, Dr Munro says regular exercise, good sleep, stress management and staying hydrated can also help reduce headaches.
You should drink enough during the day so your pee is a pale clear colour and you don't feel thirsty.
4. Avoid painkillers with codeine
"There are lots of things, like painkillers or anti-nausea tablets, you can buy over the counter that may be helpful to manage headaches" says Dr Munro.
She cautions that you should avoid "anything containing codeine" as it can make some headaches occur more frequently and can worsen symptoms like nausea.
"Painkillers can work extremely well but it does depend on how severe your headache is.
"If they're becoming more frequent or intense, your GP can help you find a more suitable medication."
Make sure you don't regularly take painkillers on more than two days a week as this will reduce your risk of rebound headaches.
Drs Chris and Xand van Tulleken are on a mission to help us take better care of ourselves. Listen to What's Up Docs? on BBC Sounds or wherever you get your BBC podcasts."
"It's shocking," said Dr Josh Doble, the director of policy and advocacy at Community Land Scotland.
"We are an international anomaly."
Getty Images
The Knoydart peninsula can only be reached by boat or a two-day hike
Lawmakers have been grappling with this issue for a long time but the pace of change has picked up since devolution in 1999.
The Land Reform (Scotland) Bill is the Scottish government's latest wide-ranging and controversial attempt to tackle the issue.
It aims to make community buy-outs easier, to provide tenants with more information about the management of their land, and to give ministers the power to break up some large estates at the point of sale.
SNP ministers say the law gives a voice to the voiceless, handing communities a greater say over their futures.
Opponents have called it an unworkable and unprecedented assault on private property rights. There has even been talk of "class war".
Sarah-Jane Laing of Scottish Land and Estates, which represents many large landowners, says the provisions within the act are being "driven by ideology".
She claims the Scottish government "want to see fragmentation and break up of estates as an end in itself" - an aim Ms Laing describes as "really damaging for people, jobs and nature".
Stephanie Harris said Knoydart had gone from strength to strength
The debate has its roots in the profit-driven clearances of the 18th and 19th centuries when landowners drove people from their estates to make way for sheep and cattle.
They know all about that in Knoydart in the west Highlands, a rugged peninsula accessible only by boat or a two-day hike.
In the 1850s, hundreds of Highlanders were violently evicted from Knoydart. Many were forced to emigrate to Canada.
The Crofters Holdings Act was enacted by William Gladstone's Liberal government and granted security of tenure to small-scale tenant farmers known as crofters.
The Old Forge in Inverie is the most remote pub on the British mainland
The peninsula is home to Great Britain's most remote pub, The Old Forge in Inverie, which is run by Stephanie Harris.
She told us that Knoydart had gone from strength to strength over the past 25 years.
"There's lots more people live here, there's lots of kids here now, there's more private businesses and community enterprises going," she explained.
"There's a lot more opportunities and the fact people still want to come here I think is showing that it's working."
Davie Newton was instrumental in much of that change, building and renovating a pub, shop, village hall and more while also helping to run the Knoydart Foundation which manages the land.
"As the community makes decisions over its own future, it gains confidence by making decisions and getting them right, it gains experience by making decisions and getting them wrong," he said.
The new Land Reform Bill aims to make it easier for other communities to follow in Knoydart's footsteps.
Local residents say there are now more opportunities in Knoydart
But clauses which will hand ministers powers to force the break-up of some big estates are deplored by many landowners and their representatives.
Sarah-Jane Laing said it was not true to say that "big is bad" when it comes to Scottish estates.
"It's almost impossible to deliver some of the peatland restoration, the river restoration - alongside building houses, bringing forward renewables, creating businesses - unless you have scale of ownership," she said.
Ms Laing met us at a more modest but still fairly large landholding – Preston Hall Farm in Midlothian to demonstrate her point – that big can in fact be good.
The 650-hectare estate is home to a range of enterprises, from coffee roasters to picture framers to a pottery studio.
"It's the variety of things that are going on which makes it exciting to manage and run," said the landowner, Will Callander.
"To be blunt, we are not making big sums of money. We're not sitting here driving fast cars and living the high life.
"We live here, we work here, and we want to be surrounded by fun, exciting, happy people."
Dr Josh Doble of Community Land Scotland wants more radical reform
Mr Callander has concerns about the latest land reform legislation which has already generated some talk of legal action to challenge some of its provisions.
"Certainty is what we need," he said.
The new bill was supported by Labour and the Liberal Democrats but the Conservatives voted against, calling it unworkable and devastating.
The Scottish Greens abstained, saying it fell far short of what Scotland needed – and accusing the SNP of failing to stand up to landed elites.
Many land reform campaigners agree with the call for more radical reform.
Dr Josh Doble said Scotland had a rural housing crisis, growing inequality, depleted biodiversity and limited economic opportunities for local people.
"All of that stems back to the fact that we have a very small number of people who control what happens in those areas," he argued.
"If we had a much more democratic and equitable way in which land was shared amongst people, we would start to address those issues in an actually meaningful way."
Like many claims in this debate, that is hotly disputed.
Hundreds of years after they began, battles over land reform look set to rage on in 21st century Scotland.
Unloading goods in Florida on Tuesday. Tariffs have been challenged in court by a dozen U.S. states, in addition to small businesses, including a wine importer and an educational toy manufacturer.
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