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Today — 16 December 2025News

冰川思享号|新农合涨到400元,农民断缴背后的扎心真相

By: elijah
16 December 2025 at 00:19

img

400元的新农合,为何要一催再催?农民为何不愿缴?

CDT 档案卡
标题:新农合涨到400元,农民断缴背后的扎心真相
作者:熊志
发表日期:2025.12.15
来源:微信公众号-冰川思享号
主题归类:农民
CDS收藏:公民馆
版权说明:该作品版权归原作者所有。中国数字时代仅对原作进行存档,以对抗中国的网络审查。详细版权说明

每到年底,千千万万个农村的基层干部,就开始忙起来了,一年一度的城乡居民医保征缴工作,进入了艰难的收尾期。

据报道,在部分地区,为了完成硬性指标,村干部不得不自掏腰包搞起了“垫付”。一项本该兜底民生的普惠政策,演变成催缴的拉锯战。问题出在哪里?

01

2025年,城乡居民医保个人缴费标准为400元,财政补助640元。2026年的财政补助标准提升到700元,个人缴费标准维持400元——这是近年来首次停止上涨。

相对富裕的城市中产也许会不太理解,一年只需要400元兜底,可能只是几杯咖啡,或者一顿烧烤、火锅的开销,为什么很多农民都不愿意缴纳呢?

如果以城市的消费标准,去对照广大农村家庭的生存现实,无疑会陷入“何不食肉糜”的认知误区。

将时针拨回2003年。为了解决农民因病致贫、因病返贫的问题,新型农村合作医疗制度正式启动试点。当时为了给农民减负,推动新农合迅速覆盖,参保门槛很低——个人缴费标准,只需要10元。

20多年来,个人缴费标准一路攀升,从10元到400元,整整40倍的涨幅。这一数字的绝对值,或许在很多人的支付能力之内,但增长曲线却极其陡峭。

可以算一个简单的经济账——过去这些年,农民种植稻谷、小麦的亩产收益,翻了40倍吗?外出务工的日薪翻了40倍吗?显然没有。

对一个典型的三代同堂家庭,四五口人的保费,加起来要2000元左右了,这可能意味着,几亩地的全年利润几乎要悉数上交,甚至可能还得倒贴。

当医保支出与收入增长严重脱节,这种“剪刀差”带来的痛感,自然会削弱参保意愿。

国家医保局发布的《全国医疗保障事业发展统计公报》显示,城乡居民医保的参保人数,从2019年开始逐渐下降,2019年到2023年分别同比减少0.3%、0.8%、0.8%、2.5%和2.1%。

有官方人士此前表示,参保费人数下降背后,是部分人员流向了职工医保,但同时也坦承,“最近几年,确实有一些农村居民不再缴纳城乡居民医保”。“断缴潮”并不是空穴来风,相当一部分人选择了不要医保兜底的“裸奔”。

02

农民不愿意参保,远不止于费用本身,更深层次的原因在于,投入和产出之间的失衡。

在新农合早期,设有个人账户,农民感冒发烧买药,能直接抵扣,“钱还是自己的”,获得感强。

随着门诊统筹改革的推进,个人账户取消。虽然改革初衷是提高统筹层次,增强共济能力,但对于一年到头不去医院的人群,尤其是常年劳作、习惯“小病扛一扛”的农民来说,每年400元的投入,仿佛打了水漂。

他们容易形成一种朴素认知:自己交的钱,都用来给别人兜底了。

而且在现实中,一些药品在医保内外,存在两套价格——不刷卡是一个价,刷了卡反而更贵。

少部分医疗机构为了套取医保资金,对参保患者进行过度医疗,小病大治、过度检查、开高价药,甚至会出现,医保报销后的自费部分,比完全自费还要贵的怪诞现象。

当医保基金变成“唐僧肉”,当患者发现自己交了保费,反而要掏更多的钱,信任危机便会悄然蔓延。

此前有学者调查发现,城乡居民医保基金结余,呈现出一种悖论,“越富越亏、越穷越省”。

通俗点来说,在欠发达地区,由于财政底子薄、抗风险能力弱,地方医保管理部门往往采取防御性的控费策略,通过提高起付线、严控报销范围等手段,来人为压低支出,从而产生医保基金大量结余。

而恰恰是这些低收入地区,老百姓对医疗减负的渴望最迫切。

一边是医保资金躺在账上“睡觉”,另一边是百姓的看病负担依旧较重,这种“有钱不敢花”的资金闲置,无疑是对参保人权益的隐性亏欠。

当然,这背后也有流动人口的制度性原因。

欠发达地区大量人口外流,他们在大城市工作,但医疗缴费仍然在户籍地,由于全国统一结算尚未实现,受制于异地就医报销的繁琐,许多外出务工人员在外地生病了,也未必能用上医保。

缴纳的保费,未能转化为有效保障,客观上减少了基金支出,造成老家医保基金的“被动性结余”。这笔钱省下来了,却没能真正用在为流动人口健康护航的刀刃上。

在个人缴费标准不断上涨的背景下,凡此种种,都在不断侵蚀居民的参保意愿。

03

为了提升参保意愿,各地纷纷设定了“待遇等待期”,简单来说,在规定窗口期内缴纳保费,可以正常享受待遇,但如果延迟补缴,需要等待一段时间,才能够正常享受医保待遇。

这本质上是一种惩罚机制,虽有一定震慑作用,却无法根本解决参保意愿低迷的问题。真正的出路在于,提升医保制度的性价比和获得感。

首先,国家层面应承担更大的兜底责任,加大补贴力度。

我们不能忘记,今天的农民群体,尤其是老一代农民,曾为国家工业化和城市化做出过巨大的历史牺牲。然而,在社会保障领域,他们长期处于被忽视的边缘地位。

以养老保险为例,长期以来,城乡居民养老金与城镇职工养老金,存在巨大的双轨制鸿沟,许多农村老人每月的养老金,只有一两百元,与城市退休人员动辄数千元甚至上万元的待遇,有着天壤之别。

在养老保障尚显薄弱的背景下,医疗保险,是他们防止因病返贫的最后一道防线。因此,在医保筹资上,理应给予农民群体更多的倾斜,提高财政补贴标准,切实减轻个人缴费负担。

当然更不容忽视的是,要挤干医疗体系的水分。

如果看病贵的根源不除,再高的报销比例,也会被虚高的药价吞噬。对此,要严厉打击医药机构的价格欺诈、过度诊疗行为,确保改革红利真正惠及普通农民。

针对农村地区“小病拖、大病扛”的特点,还应进一步降低门诊报销门槛,简化异地报销流程,让农民在村卫生室、镇卫生院,就能享受到实实在在的报销便利,而不是因为手续复杂而主动放弃权益。

400元,对于庞大的医保基金而言,或许只是沧海一粟,但对于一个面朝黄土背朝天的农民家庭来说,它关乎对未来的信心,也关乎对医保制度的信任。

解决新农合断缴问题的根本,不在于村干部的催缴手段有多硬,而在于制度设计上,是否足够人性化,是否真正回应了弱势群体的生存焦虑。

只有正视广大农民的历史贡献,通过真金白银的投入,切实降低他们的负担,才能让这张全民健康的防护网,起到更大的兜底作用。

He Tried to Protect His Son From Bullies. He Didn’t Know How Far They Would Go.

15 December 2025 at 21:43
After his son was repeatedly attacked, Rick Kuehner reached out to his suburban school, to the police and to other parents. The violence only got worse.

© Wayne Lawrence for The New York Times

Tristan Kuehner with his father, Rick, in Gilbert, Ariz. Rick moved his family to Gilbert in part because of the area’s low crime rate.

How Tech’s Biggest Companies Are Offloading the Risks of the A.I. Boom

15 December 2025 at 23:49
The data centers used for work on artificial intelligence can cost tens of billions to build. Tech giants are finding ways to avoid being on the hook for some of those costs.

© Christie Hemm Klok for The New York Times

Meta is investing billions in new data centers, like one being constructed in Eagle Mountain, Utah.

In A.I. Boom, Venture Capital Firms Are Raising Loads More Money

15 December 2025 at 23:28
Lightspeed Venture Partners, a Silicon Valley venture firm, has amassed more than $9 billion to invest in artificial intelligence. That is its biggest haul.

© Gabriela Hasbun for The New York Times

俄乌和谈进入关键周,欧盟18-19日峰会聚焦援乌与制裁俄“幽灵船队” - RFI - 法国国际广播电台

16 December 2025 at 00:45
15/12/2025 - 17:14

路透社柏林电稿称,乌克兰总统泽连斯基周一(12 月 15 日)在柏林与特朗普的特使维特科夫和女婿库什纳恢复了旨在与俄罗斯达成和平协议的谈判,此前华盛顿表示在结束乌克兰战争方面取得了进展。

乌克兰总统府宣布,继周日首次进行了五个小时的讨论后,第二轮会谈在德国首都举行了两个小时。

泽连斯基在 X(前推特)上写道:“在外交道路上,有大量工作正在进行”,但没有透露更多细节。

据路透社指出,乌克兰总统处境微妙,他面临来自华盛顿签署协议的压力,但同时也必须确保乌克兰民众能接受的条件。

根据基辅国际社会学研究所(KISS)进行的一项民意调查,72% 的乌克兰人表示愿意接受妥协,以达成一项冻结当前前线的协议。但 75% 的受访者认为,如果和平计划对莫斯科有利,包括基辅作出领土让步或在缺乏明确安全保障的情况下限制乌克兰军队规模,将是“完全不可接受的”。

KISS 执行董事安东·赫鲁谢茨基(Anton Hroushetskyi)写道:“如果安全保障不明确且不具约束力(...),乌克兰人将不会相信,这可能会影响批准相应和平计划的普遍意愿。”

欧盟制裁俄罗斯“幽灵船队”

除德国总理默茨外,北约秘书长吕特、欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩预计将于周一晚间抵达柏林参加新的讨论,同时出席的还有英国、意大利、荷兰、波兰和瑞典等国的领导人。

周日,乌克兰方面表示,愿意放弃加入北约的雄心,以换取西方盟友的安全保障。

克里姆林宫周一再度强调,乌克兰不加入北约是达成协议的先决条件。

克里姆林宫发言人佩斯科夫表示:“这个问题是基石之一,当然,它也是一个特别讨论的主题。”

他说,俄罗斯正在等待美国人在柏林会谈后的信息。

这些讨论正值欧洲关键一周的开始,欧盟将于周四和周五举行峰会,届时欧盟将需要就是否以冻结的俄罗斯资产为基础向乌克兰提供大规模援助作出决定。

欧盟二十七国一直受到特朗普对其移民政策、安全以及“科技”巨头监管的批评,他们正努力寻找共同的应对措施。

被美国总统指责“软弱”的欧盟成员国周一通过了新一轮制裁措施,旨在削减俄罗斯的石油出口。这些制裁针对被控维持俄罗斯“幽灵船队”的公司和个人,该船队悬挂假旗或无旗航行,以规避西方制裁。

“强大参与者”

丹麦外交大臣拉斯穆森在布鲁塞尔表示:“最重要的是确保我们能够为乌克兰提供资金。”

“我们必须做出一个决定,确保乌克兰能够继续为自由而战,并向世界其他国家表明欧洲是一个强大的参与者。否则,我们将认同美国总统所描绘的弱势欧洲形象。”

芬兰总统亚历山大·斯图布(Alexander Stubb)密切参与了和平谈判,他警告说,现在是决定性时刻。

他透露,双方正在制定三份主要文件:

  1. 一份 20 点和平计划框架;

  2. 一份关于乌克兰安全保障的文件;

  3. 一份关于国家重建的文件。

他说:“因此,我们正在与美国人、欧洲人和乌克兰人一起审视细节。”

俄罗斯要求乌克兰从其声称拥有主权的顿巴斯地区撤军。莫斯科还要求基辅保持中立国地位,并拒绝北约军队出现在乌克兰领土上。

周二,泽连斯基将前往海牙,与荷兰首相迪克·舒夫(Dick Schoof)和国王威廉-亚历山大举行会谈。欧洲委员会将在荷兰主持召开一次会议,旨在签署一项新的公约,设立一个乌克兰国际索赔委员会。

五角大楼秘密文件:若美国军事干预“台海战争”恐将遭遇失败

16 December 2025 at 00:47
德正
2025-12-15T14:39:05.900Z
今年“九三大阅兵”当日,中国展示了最新型的导弹。

(德国之声中文网)据《纽约时报》报道,这份名为《压倒性优势简报》的文件分析了中国在(台海)冲突初期瘫痪美国关键资产(例如战斗机、军舰和卫星)的能力。五角大楼研判得出的结论是,同中国更便宜、生产速度更快的武器装备相比,美国昂贵而复杂的武器更容易遭受打击。

这份简报由五角大楼网络评估办公室撰写。

这份已经提交给白宫官员的报告称,中国迅速成熟的武器库,尤其是其远程精确导弹、不断扩充的先进飞机、大型水面舰艇以及作战空间能力,已使得美军在该地区处于重大作战劣势。

相关图集:中国首艘国产航母“山东”正式交付海军

“山东号”交接入列:中国第一艘完全国产的航空母舰,同时也是现役第二艘航母周二(2019年112月17日)正式交付使用,并宣布命名为“山东号”。中国党政军最高领导人习近平出席了在海南三亚某军港举行的交接入列仪式。
山东舰,舷号17:中共中央军委为这条“大船”正式取名为“中国人民解放军山东舰”,舷号为“17”。交接入列当天,中国海军部队和航母建设单位的约5000名官兵参加了庆祝仪式。
山东号?台湾号?:此前,中国的各大军事论坛盛传该舰将命名为“山东号”,只是这一说法从未得到官方证实。某中国知名门户网站还曾举行网络调查,就首艘国产航母的名称征求意见。结果“台湾号”得到了最多人的支持。
接受洗礼:“山东号”2017年4月26日在中国船舶重工集团公司大连造船厂举行下水仪式,当时还未正式命名的这航母仅有一个编号“001A”。
当地人眼中的“大船”:虽然多年前就有报道称中国正在建造首艘国产航母,但是直到2015年的最后一天,中国国防部才正式宣布了这一消息。中国媒体介绍,大连当地人习惯把航母叫做“大船”。该航母的长度是315米,相当于三个足球场的长度,其宽度为75米。
建设当中:“001A”航母在建设过程中已受到大量关注。图中是该舰在2017年2月份的样子,舰体上仍有不少支架。
迎接周年庆:此前外界猜测,这艘航母很有可能在2017年4月23日下水。因为这一天是中国解放军海军成立68周年纪念日。还有消息称,身为中央军委主席的习近平可能亲自出席该舰的下水典礼。但4月26日当天,出席典礼的其实是中共中央政治局委员、中央军委副主席范长龙。
“老大”辽宁:中国海军目前唯一现役的航空母舰“辽宁号”是在乌克兰制造的“瓦良格号”基础上改建。曾有专家认为,“辽宁号”并不是真正可以用于军事行动的航母,而是一个用来演习、训练,并进行一步研发的平台。
巡游南海:2016年年底,“辽宁号”在南中国海进行演练,并在途中“绕行台湾”,引起国际关注。但台湾媒体援引军方人士指出,辽宁号尚不具备全天候作战能力。若投入实战,仅能发挥3成战力。
第三艘航母?:除了“辽宁号”和“山东号”之外,中国目前还有第三艘航母—但其作用只是用来娱乐消遣。前苏联海军的“明斯克号”在90年代末退役后卖给了中国,并在深圳被改造成军事主题公园。
“小步快跑”:2016年该舰被拖往舟山整修,据称未来将落户江苏南通。至于中国海军真正的第三艘航母,有消息说正由上海江南造船厂建造。中国军事专家徐光裕少将曾对媒体表示,中国航母的发展策略是“小步快跑”,将来会实现核动力航母。
海上霸主:尽管中国投入巨资加强海军力量,但与美国相比仍有一定差距。目前美军拥有十艘现役航母,其中包括最近驶向朝鲜半岛的卡尔·文森号。最新一代的三艘“福特级”核动力航母也正在建造中,全长337米,宽78米,排水量高达十万吨(001A型的相应数据分别是315米,75米和7万吨)。

报告称,中国已累积了约600件高超音速武器,这些武器“可以以五倍音速飞行,且难以拦截”。

而且中国可能使用过去20年囤积的导弹,在包括航母在内的美国先进武器抵达台湾前就将其摧毁。

更多阅读:中国的军力有多强?

中国视台湾为其领土的一部分,并威胁要以武力实现统一。西方情报机构称,中国可能在2027年发动入侵,这与习近平的军事现代化目标的时间表相符。

这份报告还警告称,美国已不再具备以与大国长期冲突所需规模生产武器弹药的工业能力和速度。由于支持以色列和乌克兰,美国的导弹储备已经捉襟见肘,因此美国很脆弱。

美国前国家安全顾问沙利文此前曾警告说,如果与中国开战,美国的关键弹药将很快耗尽。

英国《独立报》报道称,美国国防部长赫格塞斯在五角大楼就针对中国的模拟冲突表示,“我们每次都输”。

12月8日,中国外交部发言人郭嘉昆在例行记者会上表示,中方要求美国“慎之又慎处理台湾问题”。

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© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。



国际社会强烈回应黎智英被判罪成

16 December 2025 at 00:47
德正
2025-12-15T15:47:07.943Z
香港法院周一(12月15日)判决,香港壹传媒集团创办人黎智英串谋勾结外国势力等三项罪名成立

(德国之声中文网)香港高等法院周一(12月15日)裁定黎智英犯有“串谋勾结外国或者境外势力危害国家安全罪”等三项罪名,引发国际社会强烈反应。黎智英子女亦对其父被判罪成对出回应。

黎智英家属回应:这是多年迫害的结果

黎智英之子黎崇恩(Sebastien Lai)在回应父亲被定罪时表示:

“今天对所有信仰真理、自由和正义之人来说,是黑暗的一天。我的家人和我对判决感到悲痛,但并不意外。我们一直清楚,父亲遭到起诉,仅仅因为他勇敢的新闻工作以及对民主的坚定信念。今日之定罪,是中国和香港当局多年迫害的最终结果。这是对我们共同珍视的价值观的攻击。现在,英国政府必须站出来,捍卫这些价值,争取我父亲获释,以免为时过晚。”

黎智英之子黎崇恩(Sebastien Lai)在回应父亲被定罪时表示: “今天对所有信仰真理、自由和正义之人来说,是黑暗的一天。”

黎智英的女儿黎采(Claire Lai)表示:

“过去几年我一直生活在香港,亲眼目睹父亲健康状况迅速恶化。他今年78岁,已经在极其恶劣的条件下被关押了五年,我们非常担心他还能承受多久。此次判决表明,当局至今仍然害怕我父亲,即便他已处于衰弱的状态——因为他们害怕父亲所代表的价值。我们坚信父亲无罪,并强烈谴责这起司法不公。我们希望美国政府继续施压,让父亲能够回到家人身边,安心康复。”

国际律师团队:是香港法治的污点

黎智英国际法律团队首席律师、高级御用大律师考菲奥恩·加拉格尔(Caoilfhionn Gallagher KC)表示:“今天的裁决,是曾经令人称羡的香港法律制度的污点。一位勇敢睿智的78岁老人,在这场报复性的、且极度不公的审判中被定罪,仅仅因为他是一位成功的出版人、记者,以及一位坚定、和平的民主倡议者。黎智英已经被非法拘押五年,严重违反国际法。现在,是时候结束这场闹剧,立即释放黎智英。如果中国未能立刻、无条件释放他,国际社会必须追究其责任。”

英国:是出于政治动机的起诉

英国首相斯塔默(Keir Starmer)多次呼吁释放黎智英,英国政府也谴责对黎智英的指控是 “出于政治动机”。

英国外交大臣伊薇特·库珀(Yvette Cooper)今天上午表示:“英国谴责这场出于政治动机的起诉,正是它导致了今日对黎智英的有罪裁决。黎智英因和平行使言论自由权,而成为中港政府的打压对象。北京强加于香港的《国家安全法》,其目的就是噤声中国批评者。英国已多次呼吁废除《国安法》,并终止对所有依据该法被起诉人士的司法追究。我们继续呼吁立即释放黎智英,确保其获得所需的医疗照护,并允许他完全接触独立医疗专业人员。”

斯塔默首相与美国总统特朗普均曾在与中国国家主席习近平的双边会晤中提及黎智英案。特朗普在竞选期间及任内,也多次公开表达对黎智英的支持。

德国:黎智英案显示香港言论与新闻自由的严重倒退

德国外交部发言人约瑟夫·欣特泽尔(Joseph Hinterseher)就黎智英被定罪表示:“我们与其他国家一道,在现场密切关注了庭审过程和判决宣读。对黎智英被判有罪的裁决深感担忧。这一判决清楚地表明,香港特别行政区的言论自由新闻自由和集会自由正出现严重倒退。

黎智英一案必须在医疗和法律层面将其个人健康状况纳入考量。我们敦促香港当局尊重并保障其公民在宪制框架下依法享有的权利与自由。”

香港新闻自由的象征人物被判有罪

黎智英现年78岁,英国公民,著名的民主倡议者、传媒企业家及作家。作为亲民主报纸《苹果日报》编辑及出版人,因长期倡导香港民主与法治而被依《国安法》定罪,最高可能被判处终身监禁。

黎智英患有糖尿病和心脏疾病,自2020年12月起一直被关押于香港,已遭单独监禁逾1800天在羁押期间健康状况急剧恶化

此次定罪后,黎智英可能被判终身监禁。鉴于其年龄与健康状况,任何长期刑期都存在其在狱中死亡的现实风险。

去年联合国任意拘留问题工作组裁定,黎智英遭非法、任意拘留,并呼吁立即将其释放。另有五位联合国特别报告员联合发表声明,要求无条件释放黎智英。

英国、美国、澳大利亚、加拿大、捷克、意大利、列支敦士登等国政府,以及欧盟和天主教领袖,也均已呼吁释放黎智英欧洲议会与加拿大议会亦通过要求释放黎智英的决议

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“绝不要为天皇或国家而死”:日本“二战”老兵最后的警告

16 December 2025 at 12:41

简繁中文
纽约时报 出版语言
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“绝不要为天皇或国家而死”:日本“二战”老兵最后的警告

MARTIN FACKLER
Ko Sasaki for The New York Times
清住薰四郎(音)是一位身材瘦小的独居老人,头发花白,脊背佝偻,至今仍骑自行车去超市购物。97岁的他在那些忙着边购物边发信息的年轻顾客中显得毫不起眼。他们不知道,他的人生中藏着一段由史上最惨烈战争塑造的戏剧性故事。
15岁时,清住成为日本帝国海军伊号第五十八攻击潜艇上最年轻的水兵。“二战”末期,这艘潜艇在太平洋活动,击沉了六艘盟军船只,其中包括重型巡洋舰“印第安纳波利斯”号。
1946年,驻扎在佐世保的伊号第五十八攻击潜艇。该潜艇曾对盟军舰船发动鱼雷攻击,并击沉了美国的印第安纳波利斯号战列舰。
1946年,驻扎在佐世保的伊号第五十八攻击潜艇。该潜艇曾对盟军舰船发动鱼雷攻击,并击沉了美国的印第安纳波利斯号战列舰。 PhotoQuest/Getty Images
他服役的军队在横扫亚洲的过程中犯下了暴行,日本参与了这场残酷的全球战争,最终以两座城市遭原子弹轰炸而结束。据统计,“二战”在全球造成至少6000万人死亡
但像清住这样的在世老兵,并非那些主导日本帝国计划的海军或陆军将领。他们只是年轻的水兵和步兵,卷入了一场并非由他们发起的战争。大多数人在十五六岁时就被派往从印度到南太平洋的偏远战场,帝国覆灭时,有些人被遗弃在丛林中饿死,有些人活下来,但要背负黑暗的秘密。
1945年8月15日日本投降后,他们回到了一个战败的国家。这个国家对他们的牺牲漠不关心,急于抛开战争期间侵略行为带来的痛苦记忆和尴尬问题。清住过着平静的生活,在一家公用事业公司工作,负责铺设电线,为日本的战后重建提供电力支持。随着时间的推移,他以前的船员战友们相继离世,但他很少谈及自己的战时经历。
清住薰四郎前往松山市的一家餐厅吃午餐。他是伊号第五十八攻击潜艇最年轻的船员。
清住薰四郎前往松山市的一家餐厅吃午餐。他是伊号第五十八攻击潜艇最年轻的船员。
“我是最后一个了,”清住在家中说,他展示了褪色的潜艇和他年轻时当水兵的照片。
随着“二战”结束80周年临近,在世的老兵数量正迅速减少。截至3月,仍在领取政府养老金的日本“二战”老兵仅792人,是一年前的一半。
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如今他们已年过90多,甚至达到百岁,他们带走的将是关于恐惧与磨难,也包括勇气与牺牲的最后鲜活记忆。这些有力的叙述在当下更具特殊意义,因为日本在经历数十年和平主义后正在建立军事力量。以下是他们的部分故事。
丛林中的饥饿
尾崎健一在家中。他15岁时应征入伍。
尾崎健一在家中。他15岁时应征入伍。
尾崎健一入伍时的照片。
尾崎健一入伍时的照片。
1943年,15岁的尾崎健一(音)应征入伍,当时战争局势已经开始对日本不利,大多数年轻人都被期望参军。他被告知这是一项正义的事业,他不顾父母反对,从日本西部农村的一所中学毕业后加入了日本陆军。
接受无线电操作员训练尚未过半,尾崎就被紧急派往菲律宾,当时美军已抵达那里,试图从日军手中夺回这块前殖民地。日军装备简陋、准备不足,很快溃败。
1944年,美军在菲律宾的莱特岛攻击日军阵地。
1944年,美军在菲律宾的莱特岛攻击日军阵地。 Keystone/Getty Images
士气低落的幸存者逃进丛林,在那里游荡了数月。尾崎眼睁睁看着身边的人要么遭菲律宾游击队袭击身亡,要么饿死。他靠树叶和偷来的庄稼存活,却目睹士兵们似乎在食用阵亡战友的尸体。
战后回到日本,他在一家电器零件公司工作,后来升任高管。半个世纪里,他从未谈及战争经历。当意识到很少有人知道他牺牲的战友们所承受的苦难时,他才打破沉默。
尾崎现在在家中进行日间交易。
尾崎现在在家中进行日间交易。
如今97岁的尾崎仍会梦到那些被留下的人,他们被告知要为帝国荣耀献身,却被派去打一场毫无胜算的仗。
“他们生命的最后时刻,没人高呼‘天皇万岁’,”尾崎说,他和同样已经退休的儿子住在京都,“他们呼唤着自己的母亲,却再也见不到她了。”
深藏的黑暗秘密
清水英男曾是日军神秘的731部队的一员,战后他被告知永远不得提及此事。
清水英男曾是日军神秘的731部队的一员,战后他被告知永远不得提及此事。
70多年来,清水英男(音)对自己经历的恐怖一直守口如瓶。
他出生在日本中部山区的宫田村,1945年14岁时被迫加入青年团,当时他对战争知之甚少。由于手巧,一位老师推荐他接受一项特殊任务。
经过几天的舟车劳顿,清水抵达了日本控制的满洲地区的哈尔滨,在那里他得知自己将加入731部队——一个研发新式武器的秘密组织。
二战结束后,哈尔滨附近仅存的731部队遗址。该设施曾是秘密进行生物和化学武器实验的人体实验基地。
二战结束后,哈尔滨附近仅存的731部队遗址。该设施曾是秘密进行生物和化学武器实验的人体实验基地。 Universal Images Group via Getty Images
起初清水只是解剖老鼠。后来,他被带去观看部队真正的实验。那景象他永生难忘:中国平民和被俘的盟军士兵被泡在福尔马林里,身体被剥开或切成碎片。他们被感染细菌,然后被活体解剖,以观察细菌对活体组织的影响。
战争结束后,他所在的部队躲避推进的苏联军队仓皇逃回日本,并被告知此后不得再提及他们的工作。尽管饱受噩梦困扰,清水还是遵守命令,开始了新生活,经营一家小型建筑公司。
清水在其位于宫田的家中。战争结束后数十年间,他一直遵照命令对所见到的惨状守口如瓶。
清水在其位于宫田的家中。战争结束后数十年间,他一直遵照命令对所见到的惨状守口如瓶。
2015年,他陪一位亲戚去博物馆,那里展出了一张731部队基地的照片。当他详细讲解那些建筑时,博物馆馆长恰好听到,说服他公开讲述。
如今95岁的清水试图反驳网上泛滥的那些否认731部队暴行的言论。
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“我们中只剩下最年轻的几个人了,”清水说,“等我们都不在了,人们会忘记那些可怕的事情吗?”
踏入陷阱的行军
佐藤哲夫与他的儿媳久子。佐藤先生隶属于第31师团第58步兵联队。
佐藤哲夫与他的儿媳久子。佐藤先生隶属于第31师团第58步兵联队。
坐在新潟县山区种稻村落大曾根家中的木屋客厅里,多年前的一场战役仍然让105岁的佐藤哲夫怒火中烧。
佐藤有11个兄弟姐妹,从小经常吃不饱饭。1940年,他离开村庄参军,最终来到日本占领的缅甸,当时日本正计划进攻英属印度境内的因帕尔市,两地隔着一座山脉。
佐藤居住在日本新潟县北部的一个村庄。
佐藤居住在日本新潟县北部的一个村庄。
将军们宣称士兵的武士精神将会压倒对方,却不给他们配备足够的武器和补给线,还下令绝不撤退。起初,敌军似乎在撤退,但这是个陷阱。当英军包围他们时,佐藤之所以能逃脱,是因为他的指挥官违抗命令撤退了。
即便如此,在撤回缅甸的途中,许多人死于饥饿和疾病。
“他们像对待废纸一样浪费我们的生命,”佐藤说,“绝不要为天皇或国家而死。”
佐藤家中一张日本天皇裕仁在的照片。他说:“绝不要为天皇或国家而死。”
佐藤家中一张日本天皇裕仁在的照片。他说:“绝不要为天皇或国家而死。”
14岁入伍
96岁的铃木忠信,以及他16岁时的照片。
96岁的铃木忠信,以及他16岁时的照片。
铃木忠信(音)14岁时也热切地想为国家效力,加入了日本帝国海军。但很快他就后悔了,因为军官经常殴打新兵。直到他被派往热带的苏拉威西岛(现属印度尼西亚,当时被日本从荷兰手中夺走),殴打才停止。
1942年,印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛上的日本设施发生爆炸。
1942年,印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛上的日本设施发生爆炸。 US Navy/Interim Archives/Getty Images
在那里,他在一艘小型鱼雷艇上接受训练,在酷暑中度过了慵懒的几周,还第一次吃到了香蕉。一艘美国驱逐舰的出现打破了这种宁静。
他所在的鱼雷艇是被派去拦截的八艘舰艇之一。当他们加速冲向那艘灰色的敌舰时,铃木听到了“砰砰砰”的枪声。他拉动操作杆发射鱼雷,看到美国军舰上升起一团火焰。“命中!命中!”他大喊。但有三艘日本舰艇再也没有回来。
由于缺乏燃料和弹药,他所在的中队再也没有出击过。他战争结束时被俘,六个月后才回到家。当他敲门时,母亲泪流满面:“我以为你死了。”然后为他准备了洗澡水。
铃木在他位于东京的家中。如今,他告诫学生们不要参战。
铃木在他位于东京的家中。如今,他告诫学生们不要参战。
从木匠岗位退休后,他开始到东京家附近的小学演讲,告诫孩子们战争中没有浪漫可言。
“我告诉年轻一代,‘很久以前,我们做了一件非常愚蠢的事情,’”现年96岁的铃木说。“不要去打仗。和父母家人待在家里。”
为帝国而战
吴正男在战争期间是一名轰炸机无线电操作员。
吴正男在战争期间是一名轰炸机无线电操作员。
4月一个晴朗的日子,97岁的吴正男在横滨离家不远的一座寺庙里,看着一块刻有书法的石碑被安放好,上面写着:“祖国台湾,母国日本。”
吴出生在当时还是日本殖民地的台湾。父母送他去东京上学,在那里他学会了以身为日本帝国公民为荣。1944年,他加入日本陆军,热切地为一项他视为己任的事业而战。
工人们正在横滨放置一块刻有“祖国台湾,母国日本”的纪念碑。
工人们正在横滨放置一块刻有“祖国台湾,母国日本”的纪念碑。
接受轰炸机无线电操作员培训后,他被派往日据朝鲜的一座空军基地。他的部队接到命令,准备对冲绳的美军发动最后一次攻击,但日本在命令下达前就投降了。他被苏联军队俘虏并送往哈萨克斯坦的一座战俘营。
两年后获释时,台湾已成为中国的一部分。吴转而前往日本,在横滨繁华的唐人街成为一名银行家。
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在隐瞒军旅经历多年后,他如今开始谈论此事,担忧日本与台湾正面临新的威胁,此次威胁来自寻求在亚洲扩大主导地位的中国。他竖立这块石碑,是为了纪念在二战中为日本作战而牺牲的3万名台湾人,以此提醒日本与台湾的联系——如今台湾是一个自治岛屿,中国誓言要以武力收回。
“对台湾的威胁就是对日本的威胁,”吴说,“我们被历史所束缚。”
被国家遗忘
清住在家中。他是伊号第五十八攻击潜艇的水兵。
清住在家中。他是伊号第五十八攻击潜艇的水兵。
伊号第五十八攻击潜艇曾击沉美国海军印第安纳波利斯号战舰。
伊号第五十八攻击潜艇曾击沉美国海军印第安纳波利斯号战舰。
伊号第五十八潜艇上最年轻的水兵清住仍清晰记得1945年7月的一天,潜艇瞭望员发现一艘驶来的美国军舰。潜艇下潜发射鱼雷。舰长通过潜望镜看到敌舰倾覆沉没。
多年后,清住才得知他们的目标是印第安纳波利斯号,该舰刚将原子弹部件运到提尼安岛,这些部件后来被用于轰炸日本城市以结束战争。这艘美国军舰上的1200名水兵中,仅300人幸存。
“那是战争,”清住说,他感到悲伤,但不后悔,“我们杀了他们几百人,但他们刚运送了原子弹。”
清住在松山市的一家餐厅。
清住在松山市的一家餐厅。
清住曾与那艘美国军舰的一名幸存者通信,但他感到被遗忘和孤独。他的妻子30年前去世,他在伊号第五十八潜艇上最好的朋友于2020年离世。镇上没人问起战争的事。
“年轻人不知道我们经历了什么,”他说,“他们更感兴趣的是智能手机。”
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U.K. Spy Chief Warns of Growing Russia Threat in Europe

16 December 2025 at 00:30
In her first public speech as head of MI6, Blaise Metreweli said Russia was attempting to export chaos to Europe through hybrid attacks and disinformation.

© Steve Christo/Corbis, via Getty Images

The SIS building in London, the headquarters of MI6.

尽管联合国制裁 金正恩胞妹金与正手持疑似中国制的折叠屏手机 - RFI - 法国国际广播电台

16 December 2025 at 00:15
15/12/2025 - 16:44

朝鲜领导人金正恩的妹妹金与正日前被拍到手持一款疑似中国制造的折叠屏手机。联合国目前正对朝鲜实施制裁,禁止智能手机输入,但平壤精英似乎仍能获得最新的电子产品。

据法新社报道,朝鲜官方媒体昨天发布的照片显示,金正恩与金与正(Kim Yo Jong)共同视察一家医院开幕时,金与正右手中拿着一款新型手机。

虽然照片中无法看清手机品牌,但这款手机与中国品牌(原属华为旗下)荣耀(Honor)的“Magic”系列手机非常相似。此系列手机被宣传为“全球最薄的折叠屏智能手机”。

这款手机 V3 型售价约为 1,379 美元(约合人民币 9,800 元),远远超出朝鲜一般民众的消费能力。分析家表示,朝鲜民众在国营企业中,通常每月收入不超过 3 美元。

金正恩家族以热爱电子产品闻名,他曾在一些重要场合被拍到使用苹果产品,包括 iPad 和 MacBook。2023 年,金正恩还在一次导弹发射活动中使用一款可折叠的智能手机。

朝鲜因研发核武受到联合国制裁,禁止输入智能手机。不过近年来,当地智能手机市场增长快速。

报道引述专门报道朝鲜局势的网站“朝鲜新闻”(NK News)分析,目前在朝鲜市面上已有十几个智能手机品牌。

'Throw the parcel at the door' - Evri couriers cutting corners to earn a better wage

15 December 2025 at 14:01
Watch Panorama's undercover filming: "You'll make no money my friend unless you get all your parcels out. Get them all out."

When Becky ordered a Barbie doll for her daughter, she got a notification from delivery firm Evri saying it had arrived. There was just one problem: it was nowhere to be seen.

There was no parcel at her front door, in the Hampshire village of Twyford, and the photo she was sent of its location was not one she recognised.

Becky turned detective - and she discovered that reports of similar incidents nearby had "snowballed".

Around the corner, her neighbour Jonathan had received a similar notification. It showed a photo of a parcel of tools he was expecting - taken inside a car - but nothing had been delivered. He tried to take it up with Evri, but told BBC Panorama that "they don't respond - it's very frustrating".

Becky has long brown hair and wears a dark purple top. Behind her is a Barbie doll house and a large white shelving unit.
"You feel like you're playing Russian roulette" as to whether the parcel is going to arrive, says customer Becky

With millions relying on delivery companies to send their parcels this Christmas, we have been investigating Evri, including sending a journalist undercover as a courier.

The company is a market leader, but a recent customer survey of the 11 biggest delivery firms by industry regulator, Ofcom, suggested Evri had the most issues for parcels not being delivered and the highest level of customer dissatisfaction.

Amazon and FedEx came top for customer satisfaction.

While Evri disputes Ofcom's findings, 30 current and former workers have told us problems are being caused by growing pressures on couriers."They have to deliver so much volume now for a decent pay," one told us.

The link between poor service and work pressures was further borne out by Panorama's investigation, which found:

  • Couriers at an Evri depot in the Midlands describing how to cut corners to complete deliveries on time - with one telling our undercover reporter: "You can even throw the parcel at the back door"
  • Changes to Evri's pay rates have led some workers to claim they are earning less than minimum wage
  • New, lower pay rates for so-called "small packets" were also affecting courier earnings, we were told
  • Larger items being "misbanded" as small packets, some couriers told us, including heavy flatpack furniture and radiators

In Hampshire, parcels started to go missing in Twyford six months after a regular courier, Dave, left Evri. He worked as an Evri courier for six years, often with his wife, and they earned about £60,000 a year between them.

Like all Evri couriers, Dave was self-employed. But, because Evri pays couriers by the parcel, and sets the rate per parcel, it felt like the company was in the driving seat.

Changes to Evri's parcel rates last January, meant it no longer made financial sense to carry on, Dave told us. It would have led to him being paid less than the minimum wage, he says.

The amount Evri couriers are paid depends on the size and weight of the parcels they deliver and how far they must travel.

Couriers like Dave, who was on an Evri Plus contract, are supposed to be guaranteed at least the National Minimum Wage - currently £12.21 per hour for those aged 21 and over.

Dave says he estimated that with Evri's changes, including a new "small packets" rate, he would earn £10 an hour.

"You were always looking over your shoulder, wondering what might come next in terms of reducing your rates," he told us. "So that you're paid less for what you're doing even though you're doing the same job."

Another Evri Plus courier told Panorama he could earn as little as £7 or £8 an hour at times, once fuel and his vehicle's running costs had been taken into account.

Dave wearing a black beanie and coat walks up to the door of his white van.
If I had accepted the pay cut, I would have been earning "well below minimum wage", says ex-Evri driver Dave

This shouldn't be happening - according to what Evri's legal director, Hugo Martin, told a parliamentary select committee in January. The company's paid-per-parcel model, he told MPs, made sure that "couriers earn well above national minimum wage".

The committee chair, Labour's Liam Byrne, has now told Panorama that because of the "categorical assurances" that people were not paid below the minimum wage, the company should now be recalled to Parliament to investigate the full picture.

His comments come as a separate, cross-party group of MPs expressed their own concerns about Evri's delivery record last week.

Liam Byrne has a greyish beard and wears a suit and glasses. He sits to the right of the camera and is photographed as he is being interviewed.
Evri gave us "categorical assurances that people were not paid below the minimum wage", says Liam Byrne, chair of the Business and Trade Committee at Westminster

We put Mr Byrne's comments to Evri and a spokesperson said company couriers "generate earnings significantly above the National Living Wage".

The National Living Wage and the National Minimum Wage are currently the same for anyone aged over 21 - £12.21 an hour.

Average courier earnings, the Evri spokesperson continued, "exceeded £20 an hour". The "sector is highly competitive, but we benchmark pay locally", they added.

Small packets, small fees

It wasn't just Dave who told us the introduction of Evri's "small packets" has made it harder to make a living.

Other couriers told us they had started to see more of them in their rounds, and that it was eating into their earnings because they received less money to deliver them.

Rates vary, but Evri pays couriers as little as 35p to deliver one.

The company told us it had introduced the new "small packets" sizing in January to "remain competitive".

However, big parcels, for which couriers would be paid more per delivery, keep getting mislabelled as small packets, some couriers told the BBC.

Getty Images Blue van with Evri logo on the side.Getty Images
Evri introduced "small packets" parcel size in January - which it can pay couriers as little as 35p to deliver

Evri does not do enough to check the items are being accurately weighed and measured by senders, they said - with heavy flatpack furniture and radiators listed as examples of large items which had been "misbanded" and paid for as small packets.

One courier told us he delivered "countless numbers of misbands", leaving him short-changed.

Parcels are labelled by clients, not Evri, the company told the BBC. It said that 99.2% of all parcels were correctly banded - and that "couriers can request checks and upgrades via the courier app, if they think a parcel has been misbanded".

'There's a safe space for everything, mate'

An Evri courier of 10 years told us their colleagues were "cutting corners" because they had to deliver so much in terms of volume to get a decent wage.

"They are not doing the job correctly… parcels go missing," he added. "Piles of parcels are found in hedges."

Our undercover reporter, who we are calling Sam because he wants to remain anonymous, was told by another courier, "if you want to earn money, you need to find a safe place and leave it there".

"You can even throw the parcel at the back door, you only get paid if the parcel is delivered," the courier explained during Sam's six-day stint in October at Evri's West Hallam delivery unit near Nottingham.

As a new starter, Sam was put on a Flex contract, which does not include sick or holiday pay and does not commit to paying the minimum wage, unlike the Plus contract.

It can be difficult for new starters to earn the same as more experienced couriers, as they don't know their patch, so they won't be as efficient.

Sam was told he could be eligible for some extra cash. New starters get payments to ensure they earn adequately while they get used to the work, Evri's lawyers told the BBC.

Couriers told us they are not paid extra for the time it takes to scan the parcels and load them into their vehicles at depots - but Evri says it factors this time into its parcel rates.

Man with a blurred face wearing a black anorak. There is grey sky behind, with trees in the distance. The image was taken undercover, and part of a zip is visible on the right hand side.
"You only get paid if the parcel is delivered. Never take it back," said one courier

Couriers are also only paid if a package is delivered and a photograph is taken - which is supposed to mean giving it to the customer, a neighbour, or finding a safe place, and not leaving it in plain sight outside the delivery address.

If drivers cannot deliver a parcel, they should make at least two more attempts to do so - according to Evri rules - but this takes time.

Back at the depot, a courier told Sam there was not much point trying to redeliver because couriers did not get paid for going back.

"You'll make no money, my friend, unless you get all your parcels out. Get them all out," he said. "There's a safe space for everything, mate."

A woman with a blurred face wearing an orange high-vis gilet and a blue fleece. There is the arc of the roof of a building in the background.
You can deliver 50 parcels an hour on a round, a supervisor tells our undercover reporter

The company says it will deliver about 900 million parcels this year, going to almost every single home in the UK.

But 7% of customers in the six months between January and July said they had reported an Evri parcel not having been delivered - compared to an industry average of 4% - according to Ofcom's recent consumer survey.

The survey also suggested Evri had the most issues for delays in the UK, with 14% of customers reporting a parcel arriving late in the same period. The industry average is 8%, says Ofcom.

Evri told us it provides "a fast, reliable, and cost-effective delivery service" and that its "couriers are local people… and the vast majority do an excellent job and strictly follow our delivery standards".

If "a courier receives a low customer rating for a delivery, this is immediately investigated", it says.

The company, which rebranded from Hermes UK in 2022, has been owned since last year by the American investment firm Apollo Global Management. In the financial year 2023-24, Evri's pre-tax profit almost doubled to nearly £120m.

"I think Evri are making a fortune off the couriers' backs and I think the couriers are being totally ripped off," one courier told us.

For Becky and Jonathan in Hampshire, at least, all was not lost.

Becky started a spreadsheet for other people in the area to list their missing Evri parcels, after seeing how many comments were being left on the village Facebook group.

Almost 90 incidents were reported to the police. A man was arrested but never charged.

Lawyers for Evri told the BBC that this was an isolated incident and that the company took prompt action.

"The performance of our couriers is tracked in real time, with mandatory photo proof for every delivery," the company said.

Becky got a refund from the seller and bought a new Barbie, and Jonathan got his tools replaced by the seller.

What we know about the Bondi gunmen

15 December 2025 at 23:01
EPA Police officers stand on a small hump-backed bridge.EPA
Police inspect a bridge used by the gunmen as a firing-point

Two gunmen - identified by authorities as a father and son - opened fire on hundreds of people marking a Hanukkah event on Sydney's Bondi Beach on Sunday, killing 15 and leaving 27 in hospital with injuries.

The father was killed in an exchange of fire with police at the scene while the son is in hospital with critical injuries.

Among the victims of the country's worst mass shooting in decades, which targeted Jewish people and is being treated as a terrorist incident, are a 10-year-old girl, a Holocaust survivor and two rabbis.

The attackers are both said to have pledged allegiance to the Islamic Sate group. Here is what we know about them.

Father and son

Minister for Home Affairs Tony Burke confirmed the relationship between the two gunmen without naming them.

Australian public broadcaster ABC did name them as Naveed Akram, 24 - who is in hospital under police guard - and his dead father Sajid Akram, 50.

Burke indicated the father held permanent residency in Australia, without giving details of his nationality.

The minister said he arrived in the country on a student visa in 1998. Later, in 2001, he transferred to a partner visa and subsequently obtained Resident Return Visas after trips overseas.

The son, he said, is an Australian-born citizen.

'Allegiance to Islamic State'

The son first came to the attention of the Australian intelligence agency (ASIO) in 2019, Prime Minister Anthony Albanese has confirmed.

"He was examined on the basis of being associated with others and the assessment was made that there was no indication of any ongoing threat or threat of him engaging in violence," the prime minister said.

Albanese said the two gunmen had acted alone and were not part of a wider extremist cell. They had, he said, been "clearly" motivated by "extremist ideology".

ABC says it understands that investigators from Australia's Joint Counter Terrorism Team (JCTT) believe the gunmen pledged allegiance to the Islamic State group (IS).

Formerly based in Iraq and Syria, IS was behind or claimed devastating attacks on civilians worldwide including the Paris attacks of 2015 when 130 people died and the Crocus concert hall attack in Russia last year which killed 145 people.

Two IS flags were found in the men's car at Bondi, senior officials told ABC, speaking on condition of anonymity.

A senior JCTT official, again speaking on condition of anonymity, said the ASIO had taken an interest in Naveed Akram in 2019 after police foiled plans for an IS attack.

Naveed Akram, the official said, was "closely connected" to Isaac El Matari, who was jailed in 2021 for seven years in Australia for terrorist offences.

Matari had declared himself the IS commander for Australia.

Firearms licence

The gunmen appear to have used long-barrelled guns during the attack, firing them from a small bridge.

A number of improvised explosive devices were also found in the gunmen's car, Albanese said.

New South Wales Police Commissioner Mal Lanyon said the force had recovered six firearms from the scene and confirmed that six firearms had been licensed to the father.

Sajid Akram had met the eligibility for a firearms licence for recreational hunting, Commissioner Lanyon said.

"In terms of a firearms licence, the firearms registry conducts a thorough examination of all applications to ensure a person is fit and proper to hold a firearms licence," he said.

Eligibility for a game hunting licence in NSW depends on the type of animal individuals wish to hunt, the reason for hunting and the land they want to hunt on.

'Normal people'

Watch: BBC's Katy Watson reports from Bondi gunmen's house

Naveed and Sajid Akram lived in the south-west Sydney suburb of Bonnyrigg, about an hour's drive inland from Bondi.

A few weeks before Sunday's shooting, the two men moved into an Airbnb in the suburb of Campsie, a drive of 15 to 20 minutes.

Three people at the house in Bonnyrigg were arrested overnight during a police raid but released without charge and brought back to the property.

BBC News tried to approach them on Monday but they would not come out to speak to the media.

According to the Sydney Morning Herald, a woman who identified herself as the wife and mother of the gunmen had told them on Sunday evening that the pair had said they were going on a fishing trip before heading to Bondi

Reuters news agency describes Bonnyrigg as a working-class, well-kept enclave with an ethnically diverse population.

Local residents told the agency that the Akram family had kept to themselves but seemed like any other in the suburb.

"I always see the man and the woman and the son," said Lemanatua Fatu, 66. "They are normal people."

'Not everyone who recites the Quran understands it'

Naveed Akram studied the Quran and Arabic language for a year at Al Murad Institute in western Sydney after applying in late 2019, ABC reports.

Institute founder Adam Ismail said the Bondi shooting was a "horrific shock" and such attacks were forbidden in Islam.

"What I find completely ironic is that the very Quran he was learning to recite clearly states that taking one innocent life is like killing all of humanity," he said on Monday.

"This makes it clear that what unfolded yesterday at Bondi is completely forbidden in Islam. Not everyone who recites the Quran understands it or lives by its teachings, and sadly that appears to be the case here."

Fear of crime and migration fuels Chile's swing to the right

15 December 2025 at 21:20
Reuters A happy young woman shouting in a crowd.Reuters
Supporters of José Antonio Kast celebrated his victory

Chile is perceived by many of its neighbours in the Latin American region as a safer, more stable haven.

But inside the country, that perception has unravelled as voters worried about security, immigration and crime chose José Antonio Kast to be their next president.

Kast is a hardline conservative who has praised General Augusto Pinochet, Chile's former right-wing dictator whose US-backed coup ushered in 17 years of military rule marked by torture, disappearances and censorship.

To his critics, Kast's family history, including his German-born father's membership in the Nazi Party and his brother's time as a minister under Pinochet, is unsettling.

However, some of Kast's supporters openly defend Pinochet's rule, arguing that Chile was more peaceful then.

In a nod to Chile's past and to accusations levelled at other right-wing leaders in the region after they imposed military crackdowns on organised crime, the 59-year-old pledged in his first speech as president-elect that his promise to lead an "emergency government" would not mean "authoritarianism".

Sunday's election makes Chile the latest country in Latin America to decisively swing from the left to the right, following Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador and Panama.

Peru, Colombia and Brazil face pivotal elections next year.

Kast's victory places Chile within a growing bloc of conservative governments likely to align with US President Donald Trump, particularly on migration and security.

In some cases, like that of Argentina, inflation and economic crisis drove the shift. In others, it was a backlash against leftist governments mired in corruption or infighting.

In Chile, immigration and crime seemed to swing it.

Kast promised a border wall and mass deportations of undocumented migrants.

At rallies, he counted down the days until the inauguration and warned that those without papers should leave by then if they wanted the chance to ever return.

His message resonated in a country which has seen a rapid growth in its foreign-born population. Government figures show that by 2023 there were nearly two million non-nationals living in Chile, a 46% increase from 2018.

The government estimates about 336,000 undocumented migrants live in Chile, many from Venezuela.

The speed of that change has unsettled many Chileans.

"Chile was not prepared to receive the wave of immigration it did," says Jeremías Alonso, a Kast supporter who volunteered to mobilise young voters during the campaign.

He rejects critics' accusations that Kast's rhetoric amounts to xenophobia.

"What Kast is saying is that foreigners should come to Chile, let them come to work, but they should enter properly through the door, not through the window," he says, arguing that undocumented migrants are a strain on taxpayer-funded public services.

He says his working-class neighbourhood has experienced "the social changes that irregular immigration brings in terms of crime, drug addiction and security".

Jeremías Alonso poses for a photo. He is standing next to a Chilean flag, wearing a white shirt with its sleeves rolled up. He has crossed his arms and is smiling at the camera.
Jeremías Alonso supported José Antonio Kast in the election

Kast has blamed rising crime on immigration, an allegation that resonates politically even as the number of murders has fallen since peaking in 2022, and despite some studies suggesting migrants commit fewer crimes on average.

Many voters cite organised crime, drug trafficking, thefts and carjackings as contributing towards their sense of insecurity.

Kast's victory message is that migrants will be welcome if they comply with the law, criminals will be locked up and order will return to the streets.

He, like Trump, is expected to move quickly to demonstrate an "iron fist" approach, deploying the military to the border and probably promoting his crackdown through social media.

But in practice, large-scale deportations will be difficult.

Venezuela does not accept deportees from Chile and deportations have so far been limited.

Kast seems to hope his rhetoric will encourage irregular migrants to leave voluntarily. But this is unlikely to compel hundreds of thousands to pack up.

Gabriel, wearing a grey T-shirt with a bunny lifting weights, sits at a cafe table. In front of him are a notebook and a half-drunk cup of coffee. He is wearing a baseball cap on which his sunglasses are perched.
Gabriel, who is from Venezuela, felt hurt by comments diners made about migrants

For irregular migrants already in Chile, the future feels uncertain.

Gabriel Funez, a Venezuelan waiter, moved to Chile four years ago, crossing the land border irregularly to escape his country's "very, very bad economic situation".

He has since submitted his documents to police and immigration authorities and received a temporary ID so he can pay taxes but has so far had no response to his visa request.

His salary is currently being paid into a friend's bank account. "I'm basically a ghost here," he says.

While he fears deportation, his bigger concern is a rise in xenophobia, which he says has already increased.

"Kast is expressing what many Chileans want to express. He's validating it," he said.

He recalls how at the restaurant where he works, he served diners who were discussing how migrants should leave.

"It was uncomfortable. I'm a foreigner, and I'm hearing all those super hurtful words."

He explains that about 90% percent of the restaurant's staff are migrants.

With migrants increasingly key to Chilean businesses, Kast could come up against opposition from those relying on foreign labour for their business.

Carlos Alberto Cossio, a Bolivian national who has lived in Chile for 35 years, runs a business making and delivering salteñas, savoury Bolivian pastries.

Carlos Alberto Cossio, wearing a pink polo shirt, poses for a photo. He is smiling at the camera while standing in a garden decorated with lights and bunting. His glasses are tucked into his shirt.
Carlos Alberto Cossio says migrant workers are key to his business

He says he has often employed workers from Haiti, Colombia and Venezuela and insists that "the migrant workforce is very important".

He explains that migrants are eager to work and less likely to change jobs as they rely on their employer for a contract visa until they are issued with a permanent visa.

"Many companies, especially in fruit harvesting, employ migrant workers who are not necessarily registered," he adds.

Expelling unregistered workers "will impact Chile's export economy and make raw materials more expensive," he warns.

Mr Cossio acknowledges that there has been some friction since large numbers of migrants arrived from Venezuela to escape the economic and political crisis there.

"Many of the customs they have brought haven't been compatible with Chilean customs," he says, lamenting how this has damaged the reputation of migrants who want to work and contribute.

Mr Kast's party lacks a majority in Congress, meaning some of his proposals, from tougher sentencing to maximum-security prisons, may require compromise and negotiation.

But for many voters, the perception of control may matter just as much as delivering results as anxiety over crime, insecurity and migration is sweeping the continent.

风声OPINION|法治理想国:“最快女护士”:为了马拉松梦想,必须放弃护士工作?

By: elijah
15 December 2025 at 23:47

12月10日,福建医科大学附属第一医院官网发布情况说明:近期,我院依规依纪对张水华违规兼职取酬、以虚假理由获取调休问题进行处理。根据此前在网络流传的《福建医科大学附属第一医院关于对张水华的处理决定》,张水华被医院给予警告处分,为期6个月,并且2025年度考核不能确定为优秀档次。

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该处理决定在网络上引起广泛关注和热烈讨论,网络舆论几乎一边倒地为医院的处理决定“拍手叫好”。只有少部分人认为,医院的处理缺失温度,对于张水华这样的特殊人才,可以考虑为其创造发展空间,实现双赢。

早在今年8月底,张水华在哈尔滨马拉松比赛夺冠,接受采访时曾哭诉希望单位领导支持其调休参加比赛,引发舆论风波。

CDT 档案卡
标题:法治理想国丨“最快女护士”:为了马拉松梦想,必须放弃护士工作?
作者:许华萍
发表日期:2025.12.15
来源:微信公众号-风声OPINION
主题归类:劳工权益
CDS收藏:公民馆
版权说明:该作品版权归原作者所有。中国数字时代仅对原作进行存档,以对抗中国的网络审查。详细版权说明

一部分人认为,张水华并未要求额外假期,只是希望在周末调休参赛,其在如此繁忙的工作之余还能将个人爱好发展到接近专业的水平,这种坚持的勇气和出色的天赋无疑值得肯定。另一部分人则代入同事立场,认为张水华争取周末调休的权利,必然以牺牲他人周末休息的权利为代价,在公开场合喊话领导支持其调休的行为更是道德绑架。两极分化的舆论,折射出职业责任与业余爱好、工作与兴趣的平衡难题。

01 平衡是一种动态的智慧

就个案而言,护士工作的超负荷和紧张性,与马拉松运动的时间投入和身体恢复似乎存在天然冲突,难以协调和平衡。但跳出个案现象本身:本职工作与业余爱好是否真的能够平衡?

这其中存在一个潜在的悖论。当我们谈及平衡两种事物,本身就意味着这两种事物在现实状态之下存在着内在的矛盾和冲突,无法实现完美、和谐地共存。于是,潜在的悖论逐渐浮现出来,我们追求平衡往往出于避免失去的本能,但实现平衡的过程本身却要求主动舍弃。这种看似矛盾的悖论,却恰恰是平衡的智慧。

本职工作与业余爱好的平衡同样以舍弃为代价,当然并非舍弃二者之一,而是有选择地舍弃两者之外的其他事物,比如时间、精力、金钱等。于张水华而言亦是如此,做好本职工作与坚持参加马拉松比赛之兼得,背后必然意味着舍弃休息时间、日常精力和工作状态。但无论为了平衡而选择舍弃什么,至少不应该也不能舍弃他人的权利。

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网络上一个很高的呼声是,让张水华在稳定编制工作和职业运动员之间做出选择。但如前所述,本职工作与业余爱好的平衡并不意味着必然要舍弃其中之一,而是需要在二者中寻找动态的平衡。“工作轻松、时间充裕”的理想状态固然完美,但“工作忙碌、时间紧张”却是常态。这种动态平衡意味着,在必要的时候有选择地做出部分性压缩和暂时性妥协,并且学会舍弃。

02 “不患寡而患不均”的真实写照

在加班文化盛行的当下,普通职场人仅是应对高强度的工作状态就已身心俱疲,遑论培养一项愿意为之投入时间和精力的业余爱好。甚至可以说,或主动或被动,很多人早已失去了在工作之余培养并坚持个人爱好的能力。

张水华“享受稳定的编制待遇、突破个人的跑步成绩、获得业余爱好带来的经济利益”的三赢局面,在很大程度上使其成为职场人士长期压抑情绪的爆发点和宣泄口。

这背后,多少可说是“不患寡而患不均”思维的真实写照。工作的总量是恒定的,对于长期面临高强度工作负荷、“三班倒+周末轮休”的护士岗位,周末休息的机会成为一种宝贵“资源”。在调休这种零和博弈中,一人周末调休必然意味着另一人周末“被迫加班”,这也是为何广大民众会快速代入同事的角色,为“被迫”周末加班的同事鸣不平,其本质是将调休视为一种“特权”。

在张水华的“三赢局面”之前,每个职场人都平等地身处于“寡”之下,平等地承担着高强度工作,平等地在夹缝中寻找周末休息的机会,平等因此稳定。但当这种耀眼甚至“刺眼”的“三赢局面”打破“寡”的稳定与平衡,享受调休“特权”的人成为“不均”的代表,自然成为众矢之的,更不论此“不均”还在“试图”争取更多的调休“特权”。

上述所言,绝非在为张水华的行为“开脱”,也不是在为她的行为寻找合理性依据。在调休的零和博弈中,张水华周末的休息权利,无疑是用他人的休息权利换来的。权利和义务是相对应的,但先有权利还是先有义务,这似乎是一个“鸡生蛋、蛋生鸡”的问题。

可仔细思考不难发现,任何一种权利的享有都是以另一方义务的承担为前提,例如我们享有生命权,是因为他人承担着尊重生命权的义务,故而义务具有先于权利的属性。张水华此前“喊话领导争取调休”引起不满的关键在于,其享受了他人牺牲自身权利承担义务的成果,却似乎将之视为“理所应当”。

但是,跳出“最快女护士”事件本身,“不患寡而患不均”的固有思维导致我们在很多热点事件中,将关注点过多集中于对“不均”的抨击,而忽视了“寡”本身的问题。

03 “不患寡而患不均”的破局关键

当我们沉浸式讨论个人如何实现本职工作与业余爱好的平衡,却忽视了对“为何要平衡”“为何要由我们去平衡”这个前置性问题的思考。在医护人员超负荷工作现状之下讨论张水华的做法,确实可以对其予以道德谴责。但是,谴责的目的不是单纯的情绪宣泄,情绪化和极端化的讨论,往往容易让人失去解决问题的可能和机会。

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在我们抨击张水华牺牲他人休息权利以满足自己参赛诉求的同时,是否也可以将部分的讨论焦点置于,周末参赛诉求的实现是否仅有强迫他人牺牲休息权利这一种方式?能否通过扩大医护人员队伍、提高医护人员待遇、灵活调整调休制度等途径稍加改变?以上方案,现在或许不具有可行性。

但每一次错误的尝试,都是在向最终可行方案靠近的过程,而这个过程的实现不能只有单纯的情绪宣泄,还需要更多理智的声音和思考。

情绪之所以是情绪,正是因为它并非人的理智所能掌控,情绪宣泄固然无可厚非,但不能让情绪宣泄演变为彻头彻尾的人身攻击。

在“一切人反对一切人”的战争中,每个人可能都是“受害者”。破局的关键或许在于,尊重人之所以为人之本身,对我们每一个人而言都是如此。

竹不倒|无奈老农“放烟花”

By: elijah
15 December 2025 at 23:30

一企业拖欠农户粮食款超10年,超千万,被曝出来了。我觉得热评真得是一针见血,指出了最关键的问题:老百姓买东西需要贷款,买老百姓的东西却可以先欠着。

为毛无论如何,承担风险的那一方,始终都是普通人?你要保障银行的利益、要保障企业的利益、要保障开发商的利益,如何却独独不保障老百姓的利益呢。

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我上网搜了一下,这条新闻起初可能是“百姓关注”或者“大河报”发出来的,但目前已经找不到,只能看到其他一些媒体所转发的消息。

为什么?在我看来应该是这样:即便曝光了,想解决也极其困难。

湖北孝感一家大型企业,通过“打白条”的方法从农户手里收粮食,之后这笔钱就一直拖着不还,时间跨度长达10年,欠款总金额超过千万。于是一些被欠账数目较多的农户,聚在该企业门口放烟花控诉……记者打电话到该欠钱的企业了解情况,对方一听闻粮款问题,立马挂断,此后再也打不通。

CDT 档案卡
标题:无奈老农“放烟花”
作者:有竹不倒
发表日期:2025.12.15
来源:微信公众号-竹不倒
主题归类:农民
CDS收藏:公民馆
版权说明:该作品版权归原作者所有。中国数字时代仅对原作进行存档,以对抗中国的网络审查。详细版权说明

而据当地有关部门回应:涉事企业法人已被判刑收监,企业账户上无可执行的钱款。

所以,谁来还农户们的钱呢?

有人说,当地官方来还呗。那请问,地方官方的钱,又来自哪里,又属于哪些人?由官方去替企业平账的话,在情感上或许能安抚人心,可又真是我们所谓的“公平、公道”吗。

因此,问题回到源头,“打白条”这种操作就非常危险。普通的借款、欠款,甚至还有个第三方担保,出了事可以找他。像这种,风险全部转嫁由农户自行承担。

可农民一不是股东,二也无法审计企业账目,作为最弱的一方,如何承担最大的信用风险?

情况再次回到监管身上,他们只监督企业有无营业执照、是否完成备案、是否完成统计报表,但却不评估收购企业的支付能力、不建立收购款保证金或托底资金池、不在早期发现拖欠时及时止损、冻结经营。如此一来,一旦企业被掏空、法人进去了、钱没了,那么倒霉的就是那些被欠款的一方,就只能通过各种“奇怪”的方式去要债。

简而言之就是什么呢?我们的法律支持农户索要被拖欠的账款,也就是支持农户事后追责,但却暂无事前兜底、风险预防的相关内容。

千万别讲什么“不给钱就不卖”。粮食,在普通人那里是无法一直存放的。不卖,就等着梅雨等着坏,等着降价等着一年到头变成白干。

说到这里,大家有没有想到另一领域——房地产,买房人为什么相对“安全”?因为它有专门的“预售资金监管”,让买房人不必为开发商承担经营风险。

当然,有没有是一回事,有没有问题是另一回事。

这大家应该都懂,买房人交的首付款和按揭款,不是直接进开发商口袋,而是先进一个“被锁住的账户”。如果没有违规操作,那么这个账户开发商就只能看得见,但动不了。由银行和住建部门共同监管。

为什么?风险隔离。万一你房子还没建好,开发商跑路了呢?万一你资金链断了呢?或者像上面一样,万一你企业法人被抓了呢?这种时候,钱还在,就还有回旋余地。政府可以指定新的施工单位,用这笔监管资金继续把楼盖完,当然也可以直接把钱退给购房者。

这就是我对这次曝光出来的、看似无解的问题的一点点看法:农民面对的这类风险,也应有一些提前预防的措施。

一碗水要端平,你不能因为房地产更涉及城市稳定,甚至金融系统和大量中产阶层,就优先级高,搞得相对完善很多。而当风险被分散在无数农民身上时,觉得他们声音小,后果体现的慢,就连个兜底的方案都没有,搞得他们只能在粮食企业门口放烟花。

这合理吗?

这不合理!!

特正经的张某某|成功举报六神磊磊,究竟可怕在哪里

By: elijah
15 December 2025 at 23:08
CDT 档案卡
标题:成功举报六神磊磊,究竟可怕在哪里
作者:西北再望
发表日期:2025.12.15
来源:微信公众号-特正经的张某某
主题归类:举报文化
CDS收藏:公民馆
版权说明:该作品版权归原作者所有。中国数字时代仅对原作进行存档,以对抗中国的网络审查。详细版权说明

【一】

上午转发了一篇文,举报还是围剿?“普通人”的私信,竟然让大V噤声

先转述一下文中几句话:

1.据说事发前,一位自称“普通人”的网友,给六神磊磊发去了私信——不是争论,不是反驳,而是赤裸裸的通牒:“已举报(给各方面)……(如果他们)不处理,就找你所有合作方‘宣扬’,不死不休。”他反复强调自己是一个“普通人”,没职务、没头衔,却把举报流程玩得极其娴熟:举报、定性、升级、施压、围堵,步步为营。

——嗯,一个网络争论,零帧起步,用上了“不死不休”一词。而起因仅仅是,六神写了一篇嘲讽近段时间冒出来的“悼明”怪象。

我想起了我这公众号,当时“外国网友涌入小红书”时,我写过一篇小红书对账,还对出自豪感来了?不是应该“哇”的一声哭出来吗?,就有网友说要举报我,而且报出了他的经验和战绩。不知道啥原因,他后来没啥动静,估计也是嫌我这号太小,胜之不武。

2.“历史虚无主义”“煽动对立”“性质恶劣”……这些术语,他说出来如同填表格般顺溜。好比一个没穿制服的人,却熟练掌握了鸣笛、贴条、拖车的全套操作。

——这一组词语……让人似乎回到了某个特定历史阶段。作者使用了一个很好玩但细思极恐的比喻,“一个没有穿制服的人,熟练掌握了鸣笛、贴条、拖车全套操作。”在那个历史阶段,整个社会的运行模式,非常接近这个状态,原有的社会规则形同虚设,任何一群没有穿制服的人,只要他们站在了某个立场,就能走进你的家翻箱倒柜拿走你的东西,包括拿走你这个人。

当越来越多的人发现这个大秘密,世界就陷入了英国哲学家霍布斯所言“所有人对所有人的战争”状态,每个人都睁大眼睛寻找他者过去的言行错误、睁大眼睛等待着你“犯错误”,然后痛下杀手,“不死不休”。

而且它必然存在一个“先发置人”的模式,谁先喊出来,谁就站到了制高点上。

而且,更严重的是:哪怕“先发”错误,也毫无后果,无须承担任何责任、不会遭受任何损失。

这也是让老司机们也深恶痛疾的碰瓷能够蔚然成风的原因。

读过六神磊磊公众号的人肯定能发现,六神绝对是一个不折不扣的老司机。——那又如何?只需要区区这么一个“普通人”,照样让他干瞪眼。

【二】

在转发的时候,我附了一段话:

【一个正常的社会,举报本身不可怕,甚至告密本身也不可怕——它败坏的只是举报者、告密者个人“人之为人”的品质——真正可怕的是“无论怎样的举报、告密都有用,而且反复有用”。它背后显示的东西才可怕。】

六神不是第一次被举报、被限制功能。更不是唯一的一个。

有的举报理由甚至比六神这个更怪异。个体的例子不必举,你就看他们理直气壮、得意洋洋举报教材插图而且成功,举报朱自清父亲违反交通规则……

幸好动画片《大头儿子小头爸爸》没有生在这个时代,否则恐怕必被举报:

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你看,它画得怪异不怪异?这是不是在恶毒暗示他们之间可能存在基因问题?这是不是在影射老一辈畸形、大脑容量不足也就是智商有问题?

“举报、告密本身可恶,但不算太可怕,真正可怕的是它有效、它显示的隐藏在背后的东西。”那么,它的背后,可能有哪些可怕的东西存在?

1.是非不明的愚蠢。这是最善良的可能。当事者没有清晰的是非判断能力,见风就是雨,一收到举报,就觉得“咦,好像确实如此”。

2.不动脑子的盲听。当事者有正常的认知能力,但他不动用它,反正世界的运行与他没啥直接关系,只要你举报,那么我就封禁,不过就是动动手指,不影响收入,不耽误时间,懒得动用他珍贵的大脑,脖子上那个东西就是摆设。

3.不敢担当的怯懦。他知道发生了什么,同时又能精准地评判风险,可能心中并不愿意动不动封禁、而且确知不封禁也很安全、没必要,但民意难料,为了不让自己受半点波及,还是按流程走吧。最明显的例子就是南宁地铁的折扇图案被人恶意截取扇柄部分污为日本旗,面对难料的民意,干脆一撤了之。

4.宁左勿右的鸡贼。近似于第3点,但比第3点严重。他知道这样的封禁实在莫名其妙,而且也知道封和不封其实可以取决于自己,但在民族感情这个点上,喊得响一点、做得猛一点,肯定更好,于是,在可不封之下而封之,领导问起来,比“软弱、没政治敏感性”要好。

5.精确判断后的定向和稀泥。知道可不封,知道举报的网友挺无聊、挺没劲,甚至也觉得挺恶心,但不封可能还需要向领导、甚至向民众解释,这可太麻烦了。在领导、网友和六神磊磊之间,谁最讲道理?谁最有素质?谁最文明?好,就欺负那个讲道理、有素质的文明人。

6.权力的蛮横。这个点,是我能展开的吗?我也很鸡贼,所以我不说。

【三】

如果世界就这样动行,那么,六神磊磊的今天,就是所有人的明天,包括那个叫嚣“不死不休”的普通人。莫道君行早,更有早行人,世界粪坑化的那一刻,你觉得你能不臭?

做什么春秋大梦?

讲完。

img

Hollywood in shock and mourning after director Rob Reiner and wife Michele found dead

15 December 2025 at 23:19
Getty Images Hollywood actor and director Rob Reiner wearing a black cap and black jacket.Getty Images

Two people have been found dead at a home in Los Angeles identified by authorities as the residence of director and actor Rob Reiner, authorities say.

Firefighters were called to a house in Brentwood on Sunday afternoon, where they found the bodies of a 78-year-old man and 68-year-old woman who were pronounced dead at the scene, the LA Fire Department said.

Authorities did not immediately identify them or the circumstances surrounding their deaths.

Rob Reiner is 78 and his wife, Michele, is 68.

Reiner is a storied Hollywood filmmaker whose movies include classics such as The Princess Bride, When Harry Met Sally, and This is Spinal Tap.

This breaking news story is being updated and more details will be published shortly. Please refresh the page for the fullest version.

You can receive Breaking News on a smartphone or tablet via the BBC News App. You can also follow @BBCBreaking on X to get the latest alerts.

Dozens killed in Morocco flash floods

15 December 2025 at 20:18
AFP via Getty Images People wade through floodwaters in the old city centre.AFP via Getty Images
Experts say the climate crisis is in part responsible for the extreme weather fluctuations

Flash floods have killed at least 37 people in Morocco's coastal Safi region, according to state-owned television.

Cars and mounds of rubbish were seen sweeping through the main port city of Safi after torrential rain hit on Sunday.

Dozens of people have been receiving treatment in hospital for their injuries, say local authorities, and at least 70 homes have been inundated in the old city centre.

Local reports say access to and from the city is blocked on certain roads because of damage and debris.

Residents on Sunday described it as a dark day, with one telling the AFP news agency: "I've lost all my clothes. Only my neighbour gave me some to cover myself. I have nothing left. I've lost everything."

Another survivor said he wanted to see government trucks at the scene to pump out the water.

Moroccan authorities say search and rescue missions are still under way.

Experts say the climate crisis is in part responsible for the extreme weather fluctuations seen in the North African state.

It has suffered seven years of drought in a row, depleting its reservoirs.

Last year was officially the hottest ever on record.

This latest, sudden downpour is expected to continue on Tuesday together with snowfall across the Atlas mountains, Morocco's weather service warns.

You may also be interested in:

Getty Images/BBC A woman looking at her mobile phone and the graphic BBC News AfricaGetty Images/BBC

Go to BBCAfrica.com for more news from the African continent.

Follow us on Twitter @BBCAfrica, on Facebook at BBC Africa or on Instagram at bbcafrica

沙特创新纪录 2025年已处决340人 - RFI - 法国国际广播电台

15 December 2025 at 23:45
15/12/2025 - 16:33

沙特今年的死刑执行数量为340人超过了去年的338人,创下了自1990年代初开始有记录死刑案件以来的最高纪录。

据法新社根据沙特官方公告统计,沙特阿拉伯今年已处决340人,打破了2024年创下的338例的纪录。沙特内政部周一通过沙特通讯社发表声明称,三名被判谋杀一名苏丹公民的沙特人在麦加被处决死刑,使得今年该国死刑执行总数达到340例。

据国际特赦组织称,自1990年以来,该组织一直在追踪这个富裕的海湾君主国严格执行死刑执行情况。在2024年,沙特将成为继中国和伊朗之后,世界上处决囚犯人数最多的国家。

沙特去年的死刑执行数量为338例,是自1990年代初开始公开记录死刑案件以来的最高纪录,而今年这一数字又将超过338例,创下新的纪录。

分析指出沙特阿拉伯正因应缉毒导致死刑人数迅速上升。

就是从2023年,沙特当局发起了一场声势浩大的打击毒品贩运和一种名叫芬乃他林在中东地区广泛使用的合成毒品消费的行动。据联合国称,沙特是阿拉伯世界最大的经济体,也是该合成毒品的主要市场之一。

作为世界领先的石油出口国,沙特阿拉伯正大力投资旅游基础设施和大型体育赛事,例如举办2034年世界杯,旨在实现其经济多元化。

一些维护人权人士认为,保留死刑有损沙特王国力图塑造的现代形象。沙特当局则坚称,死刑对于维护公共秩序至关重要,且只有在所有其它上诉途径均使用后才会执行。

Yesterday — 15 December 2025News

中国首例宠物投毒案宣判

15 December 2025 at 23:47

12 月 11 日北京朝阳法院作出了一项备受关注的判决——中国首例进入刑事程序的宠物投毒案,被告人被以 “投放危险物质罪”判处有期徒刑4年。

12 月 11 日中国首例宠物投毒案宣判,投毒者被判 4 年。 在缺乏动物保护法的现状下,这一判决被视为突破性的进展。

事件追溯到三年前。2022 年北京朝阳区一名 65 岁男子,声称因为不满小区宠物“扰民”而故意下毒。共有 11 只宠物狗中毒,其中 9 只死亡。受害宠物主人李女士不惜辞去工作、自学法律、坚持推动案件进入刑事程序。判决结果公布后,在中国社交媒体上引发热议。很多网友对判决表示肯定,同时也引发对中国现行动物保护法律缺失的讨论。

根据《2023年宠物市场消费白皮书》数据显示,中国的宠物数量超过1.2亿只。但由于长期没有专门的动物保护法。宠物在法律里常常被当作“物品”,很多虐待、投毒、伤害动物的行为最后都不了了之。

这一案件已被视为中国在动物保护司法上的突破。

(责编:李诺)

© Reuters

中国的宠物数量超过1.2亿,但缺乏专门法律保护。图为2024上海万圣节的活动资料照。

Democrats mourn death of Hollywood star and activist Rob Reiner

15 December 2025 at 23:24

Democrats are mourning the death of actor and director Rob Reiner and his wife Michele Singer Reiner after they were found dead in their California home on Sunday. The Hollywood star was known not only for classic films like “The Princess Bride” and “When Harry Met Sally,” but for his outspoken support of progressive causes.

Former President Barack Obama said he and Michelle Obama were “heartbroken” by the news. Former Vice President Kamala Harris said Reiner “fought for America’s democracy.” And former Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) called him “remarkable and excellent” in everything he pursued.

“Rob’s achievements in film and television gave us some of our most cherished stories on screen,” Obama said in a statement. “But beneath all of the stories he produced was a deep belief in the goodness of people — and a lifelong commitment to putting that belief into action. Together, he and his wife lived lives defined by purpose. They will be remembered for the values they championed and the countless people they inspired.”

Senate Minority Leader Sen. Chuck Schumer called the news of the Reiners’ death “horrific.”

“Not only was Rob an incredibly talented actor & director, he was also a relentless defender of democracy and the values so many of us share,” Schumer said. “He will be missed dearly. My prayers this morning are with the Reiner family and all those who loved his movies and what he and Michele stood for.”

In her own statement, Pelosi reflected on Reiner’s contributions to Democratic causes.

“Personally, Rob cared deeply about people and demonstrated that in his civic activities — whether by supporting the First 5 initiative or fighting against Prop 8 in California,” said Pelosi, referring to the California Children and Families Commission, which supports programs for children under 5 years old. Proposition 8 was California’s 2008 ballot proposal to ban same-sex marriage.

Pelosi continued, “Civically, he was a champion for the First Amendment and the creative rights of artists. And professionally, he was an iconic figure in film who made us laugh, cry and think with the movies he created.”

Reiner and Singer Reiner’s bodies were discovered in their Los Angeles home on Sunday after the Los Angeles Fire Department responded to a medical aid request shortly after 3:30 p.m., according to The Associated Press.

Authorities are investigating their deaths as an “apparent homicide,” said. Capt. Mike Bland of the Los Angeles Police Department. Police are continuing to investigate the deaths.

The son of legendary comedian Carl Reiner, Rob Reiner was a strong supporter of LGTBQ+ rights and early childhood education. Reiner often held fundraisers and campaigned for Democratic issues. In 2008, he co-founded the American Foundation for Equal Rights, which challenged California’s ban on same-sex marriage. In 1998, as chair of the campaign for the state’s Proposition 10, which led to the creation of the First 5 initiative, Reiner advocated for funding early childhood development services with a tax on tobacco products.

He was also a sharp critic of President Donald Trump, previously accusing the president of “treason” and being “mentally unfit” to serve in office. In an October interview with MSNBC, now MS NOW, Reiner compared the current political climate under the Trump administration as “beyond McCarthy era-esque.”

“Make no mistake: We have a year before this country becomes a full-on autocracy and democracy completely leaves us," Reiner said at the time. “I believe the way to stop it is to educate people who may not understand what democracy is. They may not know what the impact of losing it is. We have to explain it, us storytellers have to explain to them what they’re going to wind up with if an autocrat has his way."

Harris on Monday said she was “devastated” to hear of Reiner and his wife’s deaths.

“Rob Reiner's work has impacted generations of Americans,” she said. “The characters, dialogue, and visuals he brought to life in film and television are woven throughout our culture. Rob loved our country, cared deeply about the future of our nation, and fought for America's democracy.”

California Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom praised Reiner — who he called a “big-hearted genius” — for his empathy.

“His boundless empathy made his stories timeless, teaching generations how to see goodness and righteousness in others — and encouraging us to dream bigger,” said Newsom in a statement. “That empathy extended well beyond his films. Rob was a passionate advocate for children and for civil rights — from taking on Big Tobacco, fighting for marriage equality, to serving as a powerful voice in early education. He made California a better place through his good works.”

Newsom added that Reiner will be remembered for his “extraordinary contribution to humanity.”

Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass called the Reiners’ deaths a “devastating loss” for both the city and the nation.

“Rob Reiner’s contributions reverberate throughout American culture and society, and he has improved countless lives through his creative work and advocacy fighting for social and economic justice,” Bass said in a post on X.

💾

© Matt Winkelmeyer/Getty Images for Human Rights Campaign

卢浮宫因员工“全面”罢工关闭,抗议盗窃案引发系列运营问题恶化 - RFI - 法国国际广播电台

15 December 2025 at 23:15
15/12/2025 - 15:56

在法国民主劳工联合会(CFDT)、法国总工会(CGT)和团结工会(SUD)发起的集体罢工号召下,卢浮宫周一被迫关闭,数千名游客被拒之门外。据法新社报道,周一上午,卢浮宫标志性的玻璃金字塔前聚集了大批罢工员工,他们手持“卢浮宫罢工”标语封堵主入口,并齐声高呼:“谁拥有卢浮宫?是我们!”

安保人员则站在一旁,劝返络绎不绝的游客。由于卢浮宫每周二例行闭馆,若罢工延续,游客将至少连续三天无法入内。

自从 10 月 19 日发生引人注目的盗窃案以来,这座世界上最大的博物馆正经历一段动荡时期,受到一系列管理失调问题困扰。员工代表谴责与现任管理层关系破裂。

法新社指出,卢浮宫员工周一(12月15日)一致投票决定举行可延续的罢工,以抗议这座世界上参观人数最多的巴黎博物馆的公共接待服务质量下降。博物馆管理层表示,正在清点非罢工人员,以便考虑博物馆是否能开放。

然而,面对不间断的游客流量、建筑物定期出现的损坏以及微薄的薪水,卢浮宫的 2,200 名员工提出了多项诉求。法国总工会的克里斯蒂安·加拉尼(Christian Galani)首先指出了人员短缺:“在 15 年内,我们失去了 200 个全职等效岗位。而在同一时间段内,参观人数增加了三分之一。”

谈判进行中

据本台法语部报道,工会、博物馆管理层和文化部正在进行多轮谈判,试图结束这场史无前例的危机。文化部长拉希达·达蒂(Rachida Dati)已委托目前负责圣母院修复公共机构的负责人菲利普·乔斯特(Philippe Jost),对卢浮宫进行深度重组。

工会代表对此继续说道:“这给我们一种感觉,机构总裁最终被置于监管之下。要么我们认为总裁失职,在这种情况下,就应该接受她所说的辞呈;要么相反,我们认为她有可能力挽狂澜,在这种情况下,就没有理由任命乔斯特先生来重组机构。”

可延续的罢工

面对工会,部长还承诺取消 2026 年财政法案中计划削减的 570 万欧元公共拨款。然而,法国总工会遗憾地表示“没有取得任何重大进展”,而法国民主劳工联合会则认为讨论是在“明智而平静的方式下”进行的。无论是任命乔斯特还是宣布拨款,似乎都不足以让工会满意。

本周,参议员们将继续调查博物馆的功能失调问题。参议院文化委员会定于本周二听取前总裁让-吕克·马丁内斯(Jean-Luc Martinez)的证词,他曾收到两份被忽视的令人警惕的审计报告;周三将听取劳伦斯·德卡尔(Laurence des Cars)的证词,以了解这些审计报告为何直到 10 月 19 日盗窃案发生后才被发现。

游客的失望

卢浮宫的罢工对于游客来说,无疑是最糟糕的“意外”。

37岁的韩国游客金敏洙(音译)与妻子专程来巴黎度蜜月,他说:“我非常失望,因为卢浮宫是我们此行的主要目的,我们就是想来看《蒙娜丽莎》。”

28岁的伦敦游客娜塔莉亚·布朗则表示理解员工的诉求,但也忍不住感叹“对我们来说时机太不巧了”。

据美联社报道指出,卢浮宫作为“过度旅游”的典型代表,卢浮宫每天要接待 3 万名游客,远超最初设计容量。长期超负荷运转下,导致排队冗长、卫生间和餐饮设施简陋,游客体验大打折扣。

事实上,近期发生的漏水事件以及因结构问题关闭的展厅,也暴露了这座地标建筑的失修窘境。卢浮宫首席建筑师弗朗索瓦·沙蒂永上月在议员面前表示:“这座建筑的状态并不好。”

为应对这些问题,法国总统马克龙曾在今年宣布一项耗资7亿至8亿欧元的大规模翻新计划,但问题也没有得到根本解决。

中国拟于2026年起实现生娃“零自付”

15 December 2025 at 23:17
德闻
2025-12-15T11:58:03.622Z
2024年中国总人口数连续第三年减少,自然增长率降至-0.99

(德国之声中文网)国家医保局称,到2026年,中国将力争在全国范围内,对纳入政策范围的所有生育相关医疗费用实现全额报销,包括产前检查费用。该机构在周六发布的一份报告中表示,此举将“提升产前检查医疗费用保障水平,力争明年全国基本实现政策范围内分娩个人‘无自付’”。

但根据中国官媒报道,生育保险“覆盖范围”不包括参保人自主选择更高服务标准的医疗机构进行分娩,或使用不在生育保险目录内的药品耗材等。

报道还称,吉林、江苏、山东等7个省份目前已实现政策范围内住院分娩医疗费用“全额保障”。

人口连续三年负增长

这一举措正值中国面临人口持续下滑的挑战。

中国人口在2022年出现数十年来首次下降,2024年中国总人口数连续第三年减少,出生率(6.77‰)低于死亡率(7.76‰),自然增长率降至-0.99‰。

人口学家预计,由于出生率下降,这一趋势还将继续。与此同时,劳动力规模缩小与老龄人口不断增长,可能会给本就负债沉重的地方政府带来更大压力。

从独生子女到三孩政策的制度演变

中国出生率连续几十年下降与1980年至2015年实施的独生子女政策以及快速城市化进程密切相关。

1982年中国人大第五次会议将计划生育定为基本国策。

2011年底实施双独二孩政策,即夫妻双方均为独生子女被允许生育第二个子女。

2013年底通过单独二孩政策,即一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子。

2015年10月全面实施二孩政策。

2021年6月三孩政策实施。

生孩压力大 多重激励措施并行

虽然全面实施三孩政策以来已有4年,然而高昂的育儿和教育成本、就业的不确定性以及经济增长放缓,仍让许多中国年轻人对结婚生子望而却步

中国在今年3月表示,将“积极”出台政策应对快速增长的老龄人口和年轻群体的需求,包括发放育儿补贴、推动学前教育免费化等措施。

此前,相关部门也曾通过延长产假、提供财政和税收优惠,一次性生育奖励、育儿补贴、购房补贴等方式,鼓励夫妇生育

今年7月,中国宣布自2025年起向3岁以下婴幼儿发放现金补贴,且该补贴免征个人所得税。

虽然政府不断修改并出台政策以鼓励生育,但据中国国家发改委今年二月发表的文章预测,中国人口总量在“基准场景下”仍将呈持续下降趋势,2025年将下降至14.06亿人,2035年下降至13.57亿人,2050年下降至12.12亿人

(综合报道)

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© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。

泽连斯基称乌克兰放弃加入北约计划

15 December 2025 at 22:47
德正
2025-12-15T13:48:40.865Z
德国总理梅尔茨、美国特使史蒂文·威特科夫(Steve Witkoff)在柏林欢迎泽连斯基前来会谈

(德国之声中文网)在与记者进行WhatsApp聊天中,泽连斯基表示,接受美国、欧洲和其他国家提供类似北约第五条的安全保障,而不是直接加入北约,是乌克兰为推动和平进程和获得安全所能做出的妥协。

他说,“从一开始,乌克兰就希望加入北约,因为北约能够提供真正的安全保障,然而,美国和欧洲的一些伙伴并不支持这条道路。”

泽连斯基的这番表述标志着乌克兰方面的一个重大转折。乌克兰一直倡导加入北约以抵御俄罗斯的攻击,并将这一目标纳入了该国宪法。

据美国安全专家称,乌克兰放弃加入北约的提议不太可能对和平谈判的进程产生重大影响。卡托研究所(Cato)国防与外交政策研究主任洛根(Justin Logan)表示,“这改变不了任何事情。乌克兰试图表现得更理智些。”

美国佛罗里达大学战略研究教授米赫塔(Andrew Michta)也认为,乌克兰加入北约早已不是现实范畴,目前,乌克兰加入北约的事宜并未在考虑的事项当中。

泽连斯基是在与美国代表就结束俄乌战争举行的会谈之前发表上述声明的。这次在柏林举行的会谈定于周一继续进行。泽连斯基的顾问利特温(Dmytro Lytwyn)通过WhatsApp宣布,泽连斯基届时将发表声明。美国特使史威特科夫(Steve Witkoff)在X上宣布,俄乌会晤取得了“很大进展”。

(美联社)

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