The book, “Ukraine’s Unwinnable War,” calls the former president a “buffoon” and vents anger over Iran, but saves its most vitriolic language for President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia.
The man suspected to have planned an attempted assassination of former President Donald J. Trump leaving the federal courthouse Monday in West Palm Beach, Fla.
One of the unannounced features in macOS Sequoia is, for many who use iCloud Drive, one of its most important, as this upgrade introduces the ability to pin files and folders to ensure they remain downloaded and don’t get evicted. This article explains how to use this feature, exactly what it does, and how it works.
Pin an item in iCloud Drive
Assuming that your Mac is connected to iCloud Drive and you have enabled Optimise Mac Storage, so that files in iCloud Drive can be evicted from local storage, you can use pinning to ensure that designated files aren’t evicted, and remain downloaded and synced with iCloud Drive. This is an important advance for anyone who needs certain files to be kept in local storage, so remaining accessible even when connection to iCloud isn’t possible, such as when you’re travelling.
Select the file or folder in the Finder and Control-click to bring up the contextual menu. You’ll see a new item there, Keep Downloaded. Select that.
That adds a new icon to the pinned files, with a white downward arrow on a circular grey background. This indicates that file is to be kept downloaded or pinned locally.
To unpin an item, select it and bring up the contextual menu. The Keep Downloaded item will be ticked. Select that command, and that toggles the setting off, unpinning the item so it can be evicted from local storage once again.
Pinning only works if your Mac’s iCloud Drive has Optimise Mac Storage enabled, which puts it into non-replicated FileProvider mode, and allows you and macOS to Remove Download or evict files. Its effect is to prevent that from occurring. Pinned files will remain downloaded to your Mac all the time, just as if iCloud Drive were in replicated FileProvider mode, with Optimise Mac Storage disabled.
A file’s pinning setting travels with it if you move that file within the same volume, and may be preserved when it’s moved away, for example by transferring the file by AirDrop. It’s preserved when you make changes to that file, but not when it’s copied, and pinning settings are specific to a local Mac, and not transferred to other Macs or devices connected to the same iCloud Drive.
How it works
Pinning is set by macOS attaching an extended attribute (xattr) named com.apple.fileprovider.pinned to each file that’s pinned. That normally contains a single byte, the character 1 as the single byte 0x31, although changing that to 0 works just as well, so it appears it’s the xattr that’s important, rather than its contents.
When a com.apple.fileprovider.pinned extended attribute is attached to a file, it ceases being eligible for eviction, and is kept downloaded, just as if it were in a replicated FileProvider. Unpinning the file strips the xattr.
Xattr flags
I have recently summarised the features of extended attributes, and explained the system of flags they use to determine how those are copied. In addition to adding the com.apple.fileprovider.pinned xattr to those encountered in Sequoia, Apple has changed the xattr flag system to cope with this new xattr. These flags are appended to the xattr name, after a # character, and pinning xattrs are actually named com.apple.fileprovider.pinned#PX to determine when they should be preserved during file copy operations. The X flag is new to Sequoia, and can be used for other xattrs.
This brings the table of available xattr flags to six. Flags can be upper or lower case letters C, N, P, S, B or X, and invariably follow the # separator, which is presumably otherwise forbidden from use in a xattr’s name. Upper case sets (enables) that property, while lower case clears (disables) that property. The properties are now (as of 15.0):
C: XATTR_FLAG_CONTENT_DEPENDENT, which ties the flag and the file contents, so the xattr is rewritten when the file data changes. This is normally used for checksums and hashes, text encoding, and position information. The xattr is preserved for copy and share, but not in a safe save.
P: XATTR_FLAG_NO_EXPORT, which doesn’t export or share the xattr, but normally preserves it during copying.
N: XATTR_FLAG_NEVER_PRESERVE, which ensures the xattr is never copied, even when copying the file.
S: XATTR_FLAG_SYNCABLE, which ensures the xattr is preserved during syncing with services such as iCloud Drive. Default behaviour is for xattrs to be stripped during syncing, to minimise the amount of data to be transferred, but this will override that.
B: XATTR_FLAG_ONLY_BACKUP, which keeps the xattr only in backups, including Time Machine.
X: XATTR_FLAG_ONLY_SAVING, which keeps the xattr only when saving and in backups, including Time Machine (introduced in macOS 15.0).
These must operate within another general restriction of xattrs: their name cannot exceed a maximum of 127 UTF-8 characters.
This new flag doesn’t change the macOS default flags set for different types of xattr, which remain as:
com.apple.quarantine – PCS
com.apple.TextEncoding – CS
com.apple.metadata:kMDItemCollaborationIdentifier – B
com.apple.metadata:kMDItemIsShared – B
com.apple.metadata:kMDItemSharedItemCurrentUserRole – B
com.apple.metadata:kMDItemOwnerName – B
com.apple.metadata:kMDItemFavoriteRank – B
com.apple.metadata:* (except those above) – PS
com.apple.security.* – S
com.apple.ResourceFork – PCS
com.apple.FinderInfo – PCS
com.apple.root.installed – PC
(* here represents the wild card.)
Until Apple releases the source code for Sequoia’s open source components, the table of copy intents remains unchanged at
XATTR_OPERATION_INTENT_COPY – a simple copy, preserves xattrs that don’t have flag N or B
XATTR_OPERATION_INTENT_SAVE – save, where the content may be changing, preserves xattrs that don’t have flag C or N or B
XATTR_OPERATION_INTENT_SHARE – share or export, preserves xattrs that don’t have flag P or N or B
XATTR_OPERATION_INTENT_SYNC – sync to a service such as iCloud Drive, preserves xattrs if they have flag S, or have neither N nor B
XATTR_OPERATION_INTENT_BACKUP – back up, e.g. using Time Machine, preserves xattrs that don’t have flag N
as documented in man xattr_name_with_flags. Once I have been able to check the new source code, I will confirm any changes to the intents table.
Summary
If you have Optimise Mac Storage turned on for iCloud Drive, you can now pin files so that they aren’t evicted from local storage.
To pin a file or folder, use the Finder’s contextual menu (Control-click) and select the Keep Downloaded item.
To unpin a file, toggle the Keep Downloaded item off (unticked).
Pinning works by adding an extended attribute to each pinned file.
A sixth xattr flag has been added, X, to keep that xattr only when saving and in backups.
The authorities have not provided information about the gunman’s motive in the apparent assassination attempt on Sunday, yet former President Donald J. Trump, who has his own history of using violent language, sought to blame Democrats.
Former President Donald J. Trump during a campaign rally in Mosinee, Wis., earlier this month. Mr. Trump blamed Democrats’ “inflammatory language” for motivating a gunman arrested at one of his golf courses on Sunday.
TikTok on Monday pushed back against a law that would force the popular video app to sell to a non-Chinese owner or be banned, in what is shaping up to be a landmark case.
Max 是 Arc 提供的一些由 AI 驱动的功能，这些功能的动作基本上都是整理、重命名、快速预览、快速提问。这些功能共有 7 个，其中有一个叫「 Ask on Page 」，我输入了问题，Arc 加载了半天没响应。我以为是网络问题，我就开启 Clash 的系统代理——没响应，我开启 TUN 模式——还是没响应，那我还用个屁？后来我看了相关的介绍视频，发现这个「 Ask on Page 」的功能应该是结合网页来回答你的问题，也就是你问的问题要和网页内容有关……无论怎样我反正用不了。
build failed after 10s error=failed to build for darwin_arm64: exit status 1: # runtime/cgo
cgo: C compiler "clang" not found: exec: "clang": executable file not found in %PATH%
-----------
⨯ build failed after 11s error=failed to build for linux_arm_6: exit status 1: # runtime/cgo
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-marm'; did you mean '-mabm'?
----------
failed to build for linux_amd64_v1: exit status 1: # runtime/cgo
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc: error: unrecognized command-line option '-m64'
More than 200 inmates escaped from a prison in north-east Nigeria in the aftermath of the worst flooding there in over two decades, authorities have announced.
There have been 37 deaths in Borno state after parts of its capital, Maiduguri, were overrun by water on 9 September following the collapse of a dam, according to the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA). As many as 200,000 others have been displaced. Residents of the city said some areas were still flooded on Monday when the president, Bola Tinubu, visited.
In a statement on Sunday, Abubakar Umar, a spokesperson for the Nigerian Correctional Service (NCS), said officials discovered that 281 inmates had escaped while being transferred to “a safe and secure facility” after their prison was flooded. Seven prisoners were recaptured while 274 others remain at large.
“The flood brought down the walls of the correctional facilities, including the medium-security custodial centre Maiduguri as well as the staff quarters in the city,” Abubakar said.
The NCS has begun a search for the missing prisoners in collaboration with other security agencies, he added.
According to local reports, reptiles, lions and other wildlife from the city’s Sanda Kyarimi Park zoo were washed into residential neighbourhoods by last week’s intense floods.
People displaced by the torrential rains are living in temporary shelters set up in six camps across the city. Maiduguri, the birthplace of a 15-year insurgency by the jihadist group Boko Haram, was once home to camps in some of the same locations for internally displaced persons (IDPs) but state authorities, keen to get people back to the rural areas, began closing them in the last three years. Relief materials have come from the federal government and the United Arab Emirates.
As many as 31.8 million Nigerians are already at risk of acute food insecurity, according to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Aid workers say things could get worse in the coming weeks, especially in northern Nigeria which is at the centre of the extreme weather crisis. There are also fears of potential cholera outbreak in the crowded camps.
“The area is now on high alert for outbreaks of diseases including cholera, malaria, and typhoid as well as animal and zoonotic diseases,” the FAO said in a statement.
In April, the Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency launched the 2024 Annual Flood Outlook, warning of floods across most of Nigeria’s 36 states. But the rains surpassed the annual average as the impact of climate change ramp up around the globe.
So far, 29 states have been affected. FAO representatives say 1.3m hectares (3.2m acres) of land nationwide was submerged as of 10 September. About half of that was cropland.
“The severity of this flood [in Maiduguri] has far exceeded our estimates,” said Kashim Shettima, the vice-president and former governor of the state, during his assessment visit.
The floods in Nigeria come as people in neighbouring Cameroon’s Far North region are reeling from a flood on 28 August that led to 3,700 houses collapsing after water retention dykes broke.
The Benue River, which runs through Cameroon and Nigeria, hosts the Lagdo dam in the nearby North region of Cameroon which, when opened, is a yearly source of flooding in Nigeria. Aid workers at the FAO say states such as Adamawa, next door to Borno, are “at imminent risk” due to an expected discharge from the dam.
Shettima said the government was “committed to finding lasting solutions to this recurring issue”. But aid workers say more needs to be done as available infrastructure is being overwhelmed by the situation.
Suwaiba Dankabo, the deputy director of Action Aid Nigeria, told a press conference in Abuja on Friday: “Road and transport networks have been destroyed, making it even harder to deliver much-needed aid.”
TikTok on Monday pushed back against a law that would force the popular video app to sell to a non-Chinese owner or be banned, in what is shaping up to be a landmark case.
Login
