Normal view

There are new articles available, click to refresh the page.
Before yesterdayMain stream

简繁字库

By: fivestone
29 September 2024 at 18:52

偶然发现,思源字体的繁体字库文件,无法显示一些简体字。而思源的简体文件,似乎可以显示全部的繁体字?于是把常用的字体文件拆开,看看分别都能涵盖多少简繁汉字。

直接说结论:

  • 简体字的字体,如「思源简体」,包含了中国大陆 GB18030-2000 编码标准的全部汉字,是能够同时显示几乎所有的常用繁体字的,因为这个 GB18030 标准,也涵盖了所有的早期台湾 big5 编码的繁体字;
  • 反之,通常专门的「繁體 / 正體」字体,如「思源繁體」,很多简体字是不能显示的。因为相关的台湾汉字编码 CNS11643-1986(第 1 & 2 版面),只能覆盖 70% 的常用简体字。

首先,在最常用的几个字体中,

  • 微软雅黑 和 思源简体 基本一致
  • 思源繁体 和 思源香港 基本一致

两两之间的差别,只是少许生僻字、异体字、以及历史遗留的制作中文编码时的重复或疏忽。具体差别的内容,放在文末了。所以,这里主要对比「思源简体」和「思源繁体」,就可以了。

在思源字体 CJK 的说明文件里,写出了不同国家字体文件的字符数量,和需要支持的标准。可以看到,简中字体文件打包的字符,比繁中多了一万多个(这里的 Glyphs 不仅是中文,也包括西文、特殊符号、甚至一些 emoji)。

简中字体需要支持的标准,主要是

  • 大陆 2000 年颁布的《GB18030 标准简体中文字符集》,包含 27,533 个汉字。当然,是否能做到 100% 符合,思源的设计方也表示,编码标准比较复杂,不好说……
  • 2013 年颁布的《通用规范汉字表》,包含 8105 个汉字。其中有 199 个,不在 GB18030 的范围内。

繁体字体需要支持的标准,主要包括

  • 台湾 1986 年颁布的《CNS11643 通用汉字标准交换码》,包括 13051 个汉字,和早年的「big5 大五码」相同。最初只有 1 2 两个字面(Panel),后来逐渐扩展,现在 1~7 字面都已经被 ISO 纳入 Unicode 体系,但思源繁体里,只支持 1 2 字面。
  • HKSCS 香港增补字符集》,是香港从 1995 年开始,对台湾 big5 编码的补充,到 2016 年,收录汉字 5033 个。

从台湾的官网上,可以下载到目前最新的 CNS11643 – Unicode 之间的对应情况;大陆这边没有找到类似的官网资料,搜到的几个 GB18030 – Unicode 编码表,都是 PDF 格式(掀桌……)。但可以在 python 里把字符 encode,得到相应的编码,也可以变相确认,某个字符是否在某个编码里。

>>> print('劍'.encode('gb18030'))
b'\x84\xa6'
>>> print('劍'.encode('gb2312'))
报错
>>> print('劍'.encode('big5'))
b'\xbcC'
>>> print('劍'.encode('raw_unicode_escape'))
b'\\u528d'

实测结果,所有的 13053 个繁体 big5 汉字,也就是台湾最初规定的,最常用的繁体字,都包含在大陆的 GB18030 编码,也包含在思源简体的字体文件里。包含在思源繁体,而不在思源简体中的汉字,只有 1711 个(详见文末,——如果你觉得其中哪个字不够生僻,那么通常是历史遗留下来的编码重复、或者异体字。譬如,现在 Unicode 里,至少有 10 个各种形态的「龟」字了。

  • 简体「龟」 – U+9F9F、U+2EF2、U+2EF3
  • 繁体「龜」 – U+9F9C、U+2EF1、U+2FD4、U+F907、U+F908、U+FACE
  • 日文「亀」 – U+4E80
  • 还有 emoji 的 🐢 U+1F422 、埃及象形文的 𓆉 U+13189

相对的,包含在思源简体,而不在思源繁体中的汉字,有 11856 个之多。这其中,包括了非常多的常用简体字。以大陆最常用的 6763 个汉字(也就是 1980 年大陆发布的 GB2132 汉字编码集)为例。在这些汉字当中:

  • 包含在 1986 年台湾 big5 编码中的汉字:4383 个
  • 没有被 big5 收录,但是包含在「思源繁体」中的:482 个
  • 「思源繁体」中也不存在的:1898 个

具体字符清单见文末。可以看到,思源繁体字库中,不能显示的常用简体字,接近 30%,尤其是部首本身就有简繁体之分的,如:讠纟艹饣钅车马鱼鸟页……使用了这些简体字部首的字,有很大概率,在繁体字库里无法显示。

当然,这样的差异,不一定代表着台湾那边的汉字编码工作不力、或者对简体字的傲慢。无论是 GB18030 还是 CNS11643,都早已有了更新更全面的版本,在 CNS11643 2004 年的版本中,包含了 GB2312 的全部 6763 个汉字,而整个思源简体的三万多字符,也只有 500 多个不在其中。所以,还是一些神秘的历史差异,导致——

  • 简体字体支持大陆 2000 年的标准,而
  • 繁体字体只支持台湾 1986 年的标准

但目前我们在网上浏览,或者文字排版时,如果用统一的字体,且需要考虑简繁体的兼容性的话,还是使用满足 GB18030 的 “简体” 字库吧。


思源字体(黑体宋体)在 github 上的原始下载版本,分成了

  • Variable OTCs – 五个地区的合集(中国、台湾、香港、日本、韩国)
  • Language-specific Variable Fonts – 不同语言的合集
  • Region-specific Subset Variable Fonts – 适配不同地区的版本

本文之前分析的,都是 Region-specific 版本之间的区别。而更大一级的 Language-specific 的中文字体,无论是简体繁体,都收录了四万多个字符,大约是大陆和台湾编码标准的合集,甚至更多,推荐大家去使用这个。但 Github 的界面流程,对于非专业人士来说,还是过于复杂了。而 Google Fonts 上提供的下载版本,就只有 Region-specific 的版本。


附——

同时出现在 GB2312,和台湾 big5 编码中的汉字:4383 个

一丁七万丈三上下丌不与丐丑且丕世丘丙丞丫中丰串丸丹主乃久乇么之乍乎乏乒乓乖乘乙乜九乞也乩乳乾了予事二亍于云互亓五井些亟亡亢交亥亦亨享京亭亮亳人什仁仂仃仄仆仇仉今介仍仔仕他仗付仙仝仞仟仡代令以仨仰仲仳仵件价任份仿企伉伊伍伎伏伐休优伙伢伯估伴伶伸伺似伽佃但位低住佐佑体何佗佘余佚佛作佝佞佟你佣佤佧佩佬佯佰佳佴佶佻佼佾使侃侄侈侉例侍侏侑侔侗供依侮侯侵便促俄俅俊俎俏俐俑俗俘俚俜保俞俟信修俯俱俳俸俺俾倌倍倏倒倔倘候倚倜借倡倥倦倨倩倪倬倭值偃假偈偌偎偏偕做停健偶偷傀傅傍傣催傲傺傻像僖僚僦僧僬僭僮僳僵僻儆儇儋儒儡儿兀允元兄充兆先光克免兔兕党兜兢入全八公六兮共兵其具典兼冀冉再冒冕冗冠冢冤冥冬冰冱冶冷冼冽凄准凋凌凝几凡凰凳凵凶凸凹出函刀刁刃分切刈刊刎刑划刖列初判刨利刮到刳制刷券刺刻剁剃削剌前剔剖剜剞剡剩剪副割剽剿劁劂劈劓力功加劣助努劫劬劭劾勃勇勉勒勖勘募勤勰勺勾勿包匆匈匍匏匐匕化北匙匚匝匠匡匣匪匹匾匿十千卅升午卉半卑卒卓南博卜卞占卡卣卦卮卯印危即卵卷卸卿厂厄厘厚厝原厥去又叉及友反叔取受叛叟口古句另叨叩只叫召叭叮可台叱史右叵司叻叼吁吃各吆合吉吊同名后吏吐向吒君吝吞吟吠否吧吨吩含听吭吮吱吵吸吹吻吼吾呀呃呆呈告呔呢呤呦周呱呲味呵呶呷呸呻呼命咀咂咄咆咋和咎咐咒咕咖咚咦咧咨咩咪咫咬咭咯咱咳咸咻咽咿哀品哂哄哆哇哈哉哎哏哞哥哦哧哨哩哪哭哮哲哳哺哼哽哿唁唆唇唉唏唐唑唔唧唪唬售唯唰唱唳唷唼唾啁啃啄商啊啐啕啖啜啡啤啥啦啪啵啶啷啻啼啾喀喁喂喃善喇喈喉喊喋喏喑喔喘喙喜喝喟喧喱喳喵喻嗄嗅嗉嗌嗍嗑嗒嗓嗔嗖嗜嗝嗟嗡嗣嗤嗥嗦嗨嗯嗲嗷嗽嗾嘀嘁嘈嘉嘌嘎嘏嘛嘟嘧嘬嘲嘴嘶嘹嘻嘿噌噎噗噘噙噢噤器噩噪噫噬噱噶嚅嚆嚎嚏嚓嚷嚼囊囔囗囚四囝回囟因囡囤囫困囹固囿圃圄圈圉圊圜土圣在圩圪圬圭圮圯地圳圻圾址均坊坌坍坎坏坐坑坡坤坦坨坩坪坫坭坯坳坶坷坻坼垂垃型垌垓垛垠垢垣垤垮垸埂埃埋城埏埒埔埕域埠埤埭埴埸培基埽堀堂堆堇堋堍堙堞堠堡堤堪堰堵塌塍塑塔塘塞塥填塾墀墁境墅墉墓增墟墨墩墼壁壅壑壕壤士壬壹复夏夔夕外夙多夜夤夥大天太夫夭央夯失夷夸夼奄奇奈奉奎奏契奔奕套奘奚奠奢女奴奶奸她好妁如妃妄妊妍妒妓妖妗妙妞妣妤妥妨妮妯妲妹妻妾姆姊始姐姑姒姓委姘姚姜姝姣姥姨姬姻姿威娃娉娌娑娓娘娜娟娠娣娥娩娶娼婀婆婉婊婕婚婢婧婪婷婺婿媒媚媛媲媳媵媸媾嫁嫂嫉嫌嫖嫘嫜嫠嫡嫣嫦嫩嫫嬉嬖嬗嬲嬴孀子孑孓孔孕字存孚孛孜孝孟孢季孤孥孩孬孰孱孳孵孺孽宁它宄宅宇守安宋完宏宓宕宗官宙定宛宜客宣室宥宦宰害宴宵家宸容宿寂寄寅密寇富寐寒寓寞察寡寤寥寨寮寰寸寺封射尉尊小少尕尖尚尢尤尥尬就尸尹尺尻尼尾尿局屁居屈屋屎屏屐屑展屙屠屣履屮屯山屹屺岈岌岍岐岑岔岢岣岩岫岬岭岱岳岵岷岸峋峒峙峨峪峭峰峻崆崇崎崔崖崛崞崤崦崧崩崮崴崽嵇嵊嵋嵌嵩嵫嵬嵯嶂嶙嶝嶷巍川州巡巢工左巧巨巫差己已巳巴巷巽巾市布帆希帑帔帕帖帘帙帚帛帝席帷常帽幄幅幌幔幕幛幡幢干平年并幸幻幼幽庀庄庇床庋序底庖店庚府庠庥度座庭庳庵庶康庸庹庾廉廊廑廒廓廖廛廨延廷建廾廿弁异弄弈弊弋式弓引弗弘弛弟弦弧弩弭弱弼彀彖彗彘彝形彤彩彪彬彭彰影彳彷役彼往征徂待徇很徉徊律後徐徒得徘徙徜御徨循徭微徵德徼徽心必忉忌忍忏忐忑忒忖志忘忙忝忠忡忤忪快忭忮忱念忸忻忽忿怀怊怍怎怏怒怔怕怖怙怛怜思怠怡急怦性怨怩怪怫怯怵恁恂恃恍恐恕恙恚恝恢恣恤恧恨恩恪恫恬恭息恰恿悃悄悉悌悍悒悔悖悚悛悝悟悠患您悱悲悴悸悻悼情惆惊惋惑惕惘惚惜惝惟惠惦惰想惴惶惹惺愀愁愆愈愉愍愎意愕愚感愣愧愫愿慈慊慌慎慕慝慢慧慨慰慵慷憋憎憔憝憧憨憩憬憾懂懈懊懋懦懵懿戈戊戌戍戎成我戒戕或戚戛戟戡戢戤戥截戮戳戴戽戾房所扁扃扇扈扉手才扎扑扒打扔托扛扣扦扭扮扯扰扳扶批扼找承技抄抉把抑抒抓投抖抗折抨披抬抱抵抹抻押抽抿拂拄拆拇拈拉拊拌拍拎拐拒拓拔拖拗拘拙拚招拜括拭拮拯拱拳拴拶拷拼拽拾拿持挂指挈按挎挑挖挨挪挫振挲挹挺挽捂捃捅捆捉捋捌捍捎捏捐捕捧捩捭据捱捶捷捺捻掀掂掇授掉掊掌掎掏掐排掖掘掠探掣接控推掩措掬掭掮掰掾揄揆揉揍揎描提插揖揠握揣揩揪揭揲援揶搋搌搏搐搓搔搛搜搞搠搡搦搪搬搭搴搽搿摁摒摔摘摞摧摩摭摸摹摺撂撅撇撒撕撖撙撞撤撩撬播撮撰撼擂擅操擎擐擒擗擘擢擤擦攀攉攘攥攫攮支收攸改攻放政故效敉敏救敕敖教敝敞敢散敦敬敲整敷文斌斐斑斗料斛斜斟斡斤斥斧斫斯新方於施旁旃旄旅旆旋旌旎族旒旖旗既日旦旨早旬旭旮旯旰旱旺昀昂昃昆昊昌明昏易昔昕昝星映春昧昨昭是昱昴昵昶晁晃晌晏晒晚晟晡晤晦晨普景晰晴晶晷智晾暄暇暌暑暖暗暝暨暮暴暹暾曙曛曜曝曦曩曰曲曳更曷曹曼曾替最月有朊朋服朐朔朕朗望朝期朦木未末本札朱朴朵机朽杆杈杉杌李杏材村杓杖杜杞束杠杪杭杯杰杲杳杵杷杼松板极构枇枉枋析枕林枘枚果枝枯枰枳枵架枷枸柁柃柄柏某柑柒染柔柘柙柚柜柝柞柢查柩柬柯柰柱柳柴柿栓栖栗栝校栩株栲栳核根格栽桀桁桂桃桄桅框案桉桌桎桐桑桓桔桫桴桶桷梁梃梅梆梏梓梗梢梧梨梭梯械梳梵棉棋棍棒棕棘棚棠棣森棰棱棵棹棺棼椅椋植椎椐椒椰椴椹椽椿楂楔楗楚楝楞楠楣楦楫楮楱楷楸楹概榆榍榔榕榛榜榧榨榫榭榱榴榷榻槁槊槌槎槐槔槭槲槽槿樊樗樘樟模樨樵樽樾橄橇橐橘橙橛橡檀檄檎檐檑檗檠檬欠次欣欲欷欹欺款歃歆歇歉歌歙止正此步武歧歪歹死殂殃殄殆殉殊殍殖殛殪殳段殷殿毅毋母每毒毓比毖毗毛毫毯毳毹毽氅氆氍氏氐民氓气氕氖氘氙氚氛氟氡氤氦氧氨氪氮氯氰水永汀汁求汆汊汐汔汕汗汛汜汝汞江池污汨汩汪汰汲汴汶汽汾沁沂沃沅沆沈沉沌沏沐沓沔沙沛沫沭沮沱河沸油治沼沽沾沿泄泅泉泊泌泐泓泔法泖泗泛泞泠泡波泣泥注泫泮泯泰泱泳泵洁洄洇洋洌洎洒洗洙洚洛洞津洧洪洫洮洱洲洳洵洹活洼洽派流浙浚浞浠浣浦浩浪浮浯浴海浸浼涂涅消涉涌涎涑涓涔涕涪涫涮涯液涵涸涿淀淄淅淆淇淋淌淑淖淘淙淝淞淠淡淤淦淫淬淮深淳混淹添淼清渚渝渠渡渣渤渥渫渭港渲渴游渺湃湄湍湎湓湔湖湘湛湟湫湮溉溏源溘溜溟溢溥溧溪溯溱溲溴溶溷溺溽滁滂滇滋滏滑滓滔滕滴滹漂漆漉漏漓演漕漠漩漪漫漭漯漱漳漶漾潘潞潢潦潭潮潲潸潺潼澄澈澉澌澍澎澡澧澳澶澹激濂濉濞濠濡濮濯瀑瀚瀛瀣瀵瀹灌灞火灰灶灸灼炅炊炎炒炔炕炖炙炫炬炭炮炯炱炳炷炸烈烊烘烙烤烯烷烹烽焉焊焐焓焙焚焦焯焰焱然煌煎煜煞煤煦照煨煮煲煸煽熄熊熏熔熙熟熠熨熬熳熵熹燃燎燔燕燠燥燧燮燹爆爝爨爪爬爰爵父爸爹爻爽爿片版牌牒牖牙牛牝牟牡牢牧物牮牯牲特牾牿犀犁犄犋犍犒犬犯犰犴狁狂狃狄狎狐狒狗狙狠狡狨狩狳狴狷狸狺狻狼猁猊猓猖猗猛猜猝猞猢猥猩猱猴猷猾猿獍獐獒獗獠獬獯獾玄率玉王玎玖玟玢玩玫玲玳玷玻珀珂珈珊珍珙珞珠珥珧珩班球琅理琉琊琚琛琢琥琦琨琪琬琮琰琳琴琵琶瑁瑕瑗瑙瑚瑛瑜瑞瑟瑭瑰瑾璀璁璃璇璋璐璜璞璧璨璩璺瓜瓞瓠瓢瓣瓤瓦瓮瓴瓶瓷瓿甄甍甏甑甓甘甚甜生甥用甩甫甬甭甯田由甲申男甸町甾畀畈畋界畎畏畔留畚畛畜略畦番畸畹畿疆疋疏疑疔疙疚疝疣疤疥疫疰疲疳疵疸疹疼疽疾痂痄病症痊痍痒痔痕痘痛痞痢痣痤痦痧痰痱痴痹痼痿瘀瘁瘃瘊瘌瘐瘕瘙瘛瘟瘠瘢瘤瘥瘦瘩瘭瘰瘳瘴瘵瘸瘼癃癌癖癜癸登白百皂的皆皇皈皋皎皓皖皙皤皮皴皿盂盅盆盈益盍盎盒盔盛盟盥目盯盱盲直相盹盼盾省眄眇眈眉看眙眚真眠眢眨眩眭眯眵眶眷眸眺眼睇睚睛睡睢督睥睦睨睫睬睹睽睾睿瞀瞄瞅瞌瞍瞎瞑瞟瞠瞢瞥瞧瞪瞬瞰瞳瞵瞻瞽瞿矍矗矛矜矢矣知矧矩矬短矮石矸矽砂砉砌砍砑砒研砝砟砣砥砦砧砩砬砭砰破砷砸硅硌硎硐硒硝硪硫硬硭确硼碇碉碌碎碑碓碗碘碚碟碡碣碥碧碰碲碳碴碾磁磅磉磊磋磐磔磕磨磬磲磴磷磺礁礅礓礞礤示社祀祁祆祈祉祓祖祗祚祛祜祝神祟祠祥祧票祭祺禁禊福禚禧禳禹禺离禽禾秀私秉秋种科秒秕秘租秣秤秦秧秩秫秭秸移稀稂稃程稍稔稗稚稞稠稷稹稻稼稽稿穆穗穰穴究穸穹空穿窀突窄窆窈窒窕窖窗窘窟窠窨窬窳窿立站竟章竣童竦竭端竹竺竽竿笄笆笈笊笏笑笙笛笞笠笤笥符笨笪笫第笮笱笳笸筅筇等筋筌筏筐筑筒答策筘筠筮筱筲筵筷箅箍箐箔箕算箜箝管箬箭箱箴箸篁篆篇篌篙篚篝篡篥篦篪篱篷篾簇簋簌簏簟簦簧簪簸簿籀籍米籽粉粑粒粕粗粘粞粟粢粥粱粲粳粹粼粽精糅糈糊糌糕糖糗糙糜糟糠糨糯糸系紊素索紫累絮綦綮縻繁繇纂纛缶缸缺罄罅罐网罔罕罘罟罡罨罩罪置署罹罾羊羌美羔羚羝羞羡群羧羯羰羲羸羹羼羽羿翁翅翊翌翎翔翕翟翠翡翥翦翩翮翰翱翳翻翼耀老考耄者耆耋而耍耐耒耔耕耖耗耘耙耜耦耨耩耪耳耵耶耷耽耿聃聆聊聒聘聚聱聿肄肆肇肉肋肌肓肖肘肚肛肜肝股肢肥肩肪肫肭肮肯肱育肴肺胂胃胄背胍胎胖胗胙胚胛胜胝胞胡胤胥胭胯胰胱胲胳胴胸胺胼能脂脆脊脖脘脞脬脯脾腆腊腋腌腐腑腓腔腕腠腥腧腩腮腰腱腴腹腺腿膀膂膈膊膏膘膛膜膝膣膦膨膳膺膻臀臂臃臆臊臌臣臧自臬臭至致臻臼臾舀舁舂舄舅舌舍舐舒舔舛舜舞舟舡舢舨航舫般舯舳舴舵舶舷舸船艄艇艉艋艏艘艚艟艨艮良色艴艽艾艿芄芊芋芍芎芏芑芒芘芙芝芟芡芤芥芨芩芫芬芭芮芯芰花芳芴芷芸芹芽芾苑苒苓苔苕苗苛苜苞苟苠苡苣苤若苦苫苯英苴苹苻茁茂范茄茅茆茇茈茉茌茗茛茜茧茨茫茬茭茯茱茳茴茵茶茸茹茺茼荀荃荇草荏荐荑荒荔荷荸荻荼荽莆莉莎莒莓莘莛莞莠莨莩莪莫莰莽菀菁菅菇菊菌菏菔菖菘菜菝菟菠菡菥菩菪菰菱菲菸菹菽萁萃萄萆萋萌萍萎萏萑萱萸萼落葆葑著葙葚葛葡董葩葫葬葭葳葵葶葸葺蒂蒎蒗蒙蒜蒡蒯蒲蒴蒸蒹蒺蒿蓁蓄蓉蓊蓍蓐蓑蓓蓖蓬蓰蓼蓿蔌蔑蔓蔗蔚蔟蔡蔫蔬蔻蔽蕃蕈蕉蕊蕖蕙蕞蕤蕨蕹蕺蕻蕾薄薅薇薏薛薜薤薨薪薯薰薷薹藉藏藐藕藜藤藩藻藿蘅蘑蘧蘩蘸蘼虍虎虐虔虞虢虫虮虱虹虺虻虼蚊蚋蚌蚍蚓蚕蚜蚝蚣蚤蚧蚨蚩蚪蚯蚰蚱蚴蚵蚶蚺蛀蛄蛆蛇蛉蛋蛐蛑蛔蛘蛙蛛蛞蛟蛤蛩蛭蛸蛹蛾蜀蜂蜃蜇蜈蜉蜊蜍蜒蜓蜘蜚蜜蜞蜡蜢蜣蜥蜩蜮蜱蜴蜷蜻蜾蜿蝌蝎蝓蝗蝙蝠蝣蝤蝥蝮蝴蝶蝻螂螃螅螈融螓螗螟螫螬螭螯螳螵螺螽蟀蟆蟊蟋蟑蟒蟓蟛蟠蟥蟪蟹蟾蠃蠊蠓蠕蠖蠛蠡蠢蠲蠹蠼血衄行衍街衙衡衢衣表衩衫衰衲衷衽衾衿袁袂袈袋袍袒袖袢袤被袱袷袼裁裂裉裎裒裔裕裘裙裟裨裰裱裳裴裸裹裼裾褂褊褐褒褓褙褚褡褥褪褫褰褶襁襄襞襟襦襻西要覃覆角觖觚觜解觥触觫觳言訇訾詈詹誓謇謦警譬谷豁豆豇豉豌豕豚象豢豪豫豳豸豹豺貂貅貉貊貌貔貘赤赦赧赫赭走赳赴赶起趁趄超越趑趔趟趣足趴趵趺趼趾趿跆跋跌跎跏跑跖跗跚跛距跟跣跤跨跪跫跬路跳跺跽踅踉踊踏踔踝踞踟踢踣踩踮踱踵踹踽蹀蹁蹂蹄蹇蹈蹉蹊蹋蹙蹦蹩蹬蹭蹯蹲蹴蹶蹼躁躅躇躐躔躞身躬躲躺辛辜辟辣辨辰辱迂迄迅迎近迓返迕迢迤迥迦迨迪迫迭迮述迷迸追退送适逃逄逅逆逋逍透逐逑途逖逗通逛逝逞速造逡逢逭逮逯逵逶逸逼逾遁遂遄遇遍遏遐遑遒道遘遛遢遣遨遭遮遴遵遽避邀邂邃邈邋邑邕邗邙邛邡邢那邦邪邯邰邱邳邴邵邶邸邾郁郅郇郊郎郗郛郜郝郡郢部郫郭郯郴都郾鄂鄄鄙鄞鄢鄣鄯鄱鄹酃酆酉酊酋酌配酎酏酐酒酗酚酡酢酣酤酥酩酪酬酮酯酲酴酵酷酸酹醅醇醉醋醍醐醑醒醚醛醢醣醪醭醮醯醴醵醺采釉里重野量金釜銎鋈鍪鎏鏊鏖鑫阜阡阢阪阮阱防阻阼阽阿陀陂附陋陌降限陔陛陟陡院除陪陬陲陴陵陶陷隅隆隈隋隍隔隗隘隙障隧隰隳隹隼雀雁雄雅集雇雉雌雍雎雒雕雨雩雪雯零雷雹需霄霆震霈霉霍霎霏霓霖霜霞霪霰露霸霹霾青靖靛非靠靡面革靳靴靶靼鞅鞋鞍鞔鞘鞠鞣鞫鞭韭音韶食飧餐餮饔饕首馗馘香馥馨骨骰骱骷骸骼髀髁髂髑髓高髟髡髦髫髭髯髹髻鬃鬈鬟鬣鬯鬲鬻鬼魁魂魃魄魅魈魍魏魑魔鹿麂麇麈麋麒麓麝麟麴麻麾黍黎黏黑黔默黛黜黝黟黠黥黧黯黹黻黼鼎鼐鼓鼙鼠鼢鼬鼯鼷鼻鼽鼾龠

出现在 GB2312,没有被 big5 收录,但是包含在「思源繁体」中的:482 个

业东丢两丨个丬丶丽丿义争亘亚亠亻亿从仪仫众会伲侨倮偬傈兑兖兴兹冂冈冖农冫冲决况凇凉减凑凛凤凭凼刂删劐务动勐勹医华卟卤卧卩却厢厦厨厩厮厶叁参双发变叙叠叶号吓吖吡吣启吲吴呋咏咔咣咤咴哌响哐哚唣唿啉喹嗪嗬嗵嘞嘣嘭噍噔噻噼嚯团园囱国坂块坛坟垡垧垴埝埯塄塬墒墙墚声壳夂处备够头奥姹媪学宀宝实宪寿尔尜屉届属岙岚岜峁峥崾嵛嵴巛帮幂幞幺广庆庙廴弥强彐彡彻忄总恋恒悦惧惨惩愠憷戬户扌护担拟拥揞揸携撑擀攴攵敫斋无晋晓晗条栀样栾桊桕桥梦椁榀榘橥橱檫殁毁毡毪氲氵氽汉汹沟沪沲泪济浜涤渊温溆溻滚滢滨滩漤潜潴灬灯灵灾灿炉点炻炼炽烀烟煅煊煳煺熘牦犏犟犭狍猪猫猬献猸猹玺珉珏珐琼瑶甙电画畲疃疒疱疴痃痈癀癍癔癯盖眦着睃矾砘砜砹砼硇碍碱碹礴礻礼祢禀秆稆税窃窑笋笔筢筻箢篼籴类籼粜粮糇糍纟纤纬纺织经统缆罱耠耥耱耻联肀肟肷肼肽胆胩胬胶脉脎脒脔脚脱脲腈腙腚腭腼腽膪臁舭舾艹艺芦芪苄苊苏苘苷茚荣荦药莅莜莹萘萜萤萦葜葱蒈蒽蓥蔸藁蘖虬虾蜕蝰蝽螋蟮衅衤补衮袄袜装见视讠设询贝跃踪踺軎车轧轮输辶边达迁运迹递邮邻郄酞酰酶醌銮鐾钅钟钢铁铃铜银锭镇长门间阝阳际险随隶隽鞲鞴韦韵页风飞饣马骏骶骺鬏鱼鸟麦麽黄黢黾鼗鼹齄齐齿龙龟

出现在 GB2312,但「思源繁体」中不存在的常用简体字:1898 个

专丛丝严丧临为举乌乐乔习乡书买乱亏产亩亲亵仅仑仓们伛伞伟传伤伥伦伧伪伫佥侠侣侥侦侧侩侪侬俣俦俨俩俪俭债倾偻偾偿傥傧储傩兰关养兽冁内册写军冯冻净凫凯击凿刍刘则刚创别刭刹刽刿剀剂剐剑剥剧劝办劢励劲劳势勋匀匦匮区协单卖卢卫卺厅历厉压厌厍厕厣县叹叽吕吗呐呒呓呕呖呗员呙呛呜咙咛咝哑哒哓哔哕哗哙哜哝哟唛唠唢唤啧啬啭啮啸喷喽喾嗫嗳嘘嘤嘱噜嚣围囵图圆圹场坚坜坝坞坠垄垅垆垒垦垩垫垭垲埘埙埚堑堕壮壶夹夺奁奂奋奖妆妇妈妩妪妫姗娄娅娆娇娈娱娲娴婴婵婶嫒嫔嫱嬷孙孪宠审宫宽宾寝对寻导将尘尝尧尴尽层屡屦屿岁岂岖岗岘岛岽岿峄峡峤峦崂崃崭嵘嵝巅巩巯币帅师帏帐帜带帧帱帻帼庐庑库应庞废廪开弃弑张弪弯弹归当录彦径徕忆忧忾态怂怃怄怅怆怼怿恳恶恸恹恺恻恼恽悫悬悭悯惫惬惭惮惯愤愦慑懑懒懔戆戋戏戗战执扩扪扫扬抚抛抟抠抡抢报拢拣拦拧拨择挚挛挝挞挟挠挡挢挣挤挥捞损捡换捣掳掴掷掸掺掼揽揿搀搁搂搅摄摅摆摇摈摊撄撵撷撸撺擞攒敌敛数斓斩断旧时旷昙昼显晔晕晖暂暧术杀杂权来杨杩枞枢枣枥枧枨枪枫枭柠柽栅标栈栉栊栋栌栎栏树桠桡桢档桤桦桧桨桩检棂椟椠椤椭楼榄榇榈榉槛槟槠横樯樱橹橼檩欢欤欧歼殇残殒殓殚殡殴毂毕毙毵氇氢氩汇汤没沣沤沥沦沧沩泶泷泸泺泻泼泽泾浃浅浆浇浈浊测浍浏浑浒浓浔涛涝涞涟涠涡涣润涧涨涩渌渍渎渐渑渔渖渗湾湿溃溅滗滞滟滠满滤滥滦潆潇潋潍澜濑濒灏灭炀炜炝烁烂烃烛烦烧烨烩烫烬热焕焖焘爱爷牍牵牺犊状犷犸犹狈狞独狭狮狯狰狱狲猃猎猕猡獭玑玛玮环现珑珲琏琐瑷璎瓒瓯畅畴疖疗疟疠疡疬疮疯痉痖痨痪痫瘅瘗瘘瘪瘫瘾瘿癞癣癫皑皱皲盏盐监盗盘眍睁睐睑瞒瞩矫矶矿砀码砖砗砚砺砻砾础硕硖硗硷碛碜磙祯祷祸禄禅秃积称秽稣稳穑穷窍窜窝窥窦窭竖竞笃笕笺笼笾筚筛筝筹签简箦箧箨箩箪箫篑篓篮簖籁粝粤粪糁紧絷纠纡红纣纥约级纨纩纪纫纭纯纰纱纲纳纵纶纷纸纹纽纾线绀绁绂练组绅细终绉绊绋绌绍绎绐绑绒结绔绕绗绘给绚绛络绝绞绠绡绢绣绥绦继绨绩绪绫续绮绯绰绱绲绳维绵绶绷绸绺绻综绽绾绿缀缁缂缃缄缅缇缈缉缋缌缍缎缏缑缒缓缔缕编缗缘缙缚缛缜缝缟缠缡缢缣缤缥缦缧缨缩缪缫缬缭缮缯缰缱缲缳缴缵罂罗罚罢罴羁羟翘耢耧耸聂聋职聍聩聪肃肠肤肾肿胀胁胧胨胪胫脍脏脐脑脓脶脸腻腾膑舆舣舰舱舻艰艳节芈芗芜苁苇苈苋苌苍苎茎茏茑茔茕荆荚荛荜荞荟荠荡荤荥荧荨荩荪荫荬荭荮莱莲莳莴莶获莸莺莼萝营萧萨蒇蒉蒋蒌蓝蓟蓠蓣蓦蔷蔹蔺蔼蕲蕴薮藓虏虑虚虽虿蚀蚁蚂蚬蛊蛎蛏蛮蛰蛱蛲蛳蛴蜗蝇蝈蝉蝼蝾螨衔衬袅袭裆裢裣裤裥褛褴观规觅觇览觉觊觋觌觎觏觐觑觞觯誉誊计订讣认讥讦讧讨让讪讫训议讯记讲讳讴讵讶讷许讹论讼讽访诀证诂诃评诅识诈诉诊诋诌词诎诏译诒诓诔试诖诗诘诙诚诛诜话诞诟诠诡诣诤该详诧诨诩诫诬语诮误诰诱诲诳说诵诶请诸诹诺读诼诽课诿谀谁谂调谄谅谆谇谈谊谋谌谍谎谏谐谑谒谓谔谕谖谗谘谙谚谛谜谝谟谠谡谢谣谤谥谦谧谨谩谪谫谬谭谮谯谰谱谲谳谴谵谶贞负贡财责贤败账货质贩贪贫贬购贮贯贰贱贲贳贴贵贶贷贸费贺贻贼贽贾贿赀赁赂赃资赅赆赇赈赉赊赋赌赍赎赏赐赓赔赕赖赘赙赚赛赜赝赞赠赡赢赣赵趋趱趸跄跞践跷跸跹跻踌踬踯蹑蹒蹰蹿躏躜躯轨轩轫转轭软轰轱轲轳轴轵轶轷轸轹轺轻轼载轾轿辁辂较辄辅辆辇辈辉辊辋辍辎辏辐辑辔辕辖辗辘辙辚辞辩辫辽过迈还这进远违连迟迩迳选逊逦逻遗遥邓邝邬邹邺郏郐郑郓郦郧郸酝酱酽酾酿释鉴錾钆钇针钉钊钋钌钍钎钏钐钒钓钔钕钗钙钚钛钜钝钞钠钡钣钤钥钦钧钨钩钪钫钬钭钮钯钰钱钲钳钴钵钶钷钸钹钺钻钼钽钾钿铀铂铄铅铆铈铉铊铋铌铍铎铐铑铒铕铖铗铘铙铛铝铞铟铠铡铢铣铤铥铧铨铩铪铫铬铭铮铯铰铱铲铳铴铵铷铸铹铺铼铽链铿销锁锂锃锄锅锆锇锈锉锊锋锌锍锎锏锐锑锒锓锔锕锖锗锘错锚锛锝锞锟锡锢锣锤锥锦锨锩锪锫锬键锯锰锱锲锴锵锶锷锸锹锺锻锼锾锿镀镁镂镄镅镆镉镊镌镍镎镏镐镑镒镓镔镖镗镘镙镛镜镝镞镟镡镢镣镤镥镦镧镨镩镪镫镬镭镯镰镱镲镳镶闩闪闫闭问闯闰闱闲闳闵闶闷闸闹闺闻闼闽闾阀阁阂阃阄阅阆阈阉阊阋阌阍阎阏阐阑阒阔阕阖阗阙阚队阴阵阶陆陇陈陉陕陧陨隐难雏雠雳雾霁霭靓静靥鞑鞒鞯韧韩韪韫韬顶顷顸项顺须顼顽顾顿颀颁颂颃预颅领颇颈颉颊颌颍颏颐频颓颔颖颗题颚颛颜额颞颟颠颡颢颤颥颦颧飑飒飓飕飘飙飚飨餍饥饧饨饩饪饫饬饭饮饯饰饱饲饴饵饶饷饺饼饽饿馀馁馄馅馆馇馈馊馋馍馏馐馑馒馓馔馕驭驮驯驰驱驳驴驵驶驷驸驹驺驻驼驽驾驿骀骁骂骄骅骆骇骈骊骋验骐骑骒骓骖骗骘骚骛骜骝骞骟骠骡骢骣骤骥骧髅髋髌鬓魇魉鱿鲁鲂鲅鲆鲇鲈鲋鲍鲎鲐鲑鲒鲔鲕鲚鲛鲜鲞鲟鲠鲡鲢鲣鲤鲥鲦鲧鲨鲩鲫鲭鲮鲰鲱鲲鲳鲴鲵鲶鲷鲸鲺鲻鲼鲽鳃鳄鳅鳆鳇鳊鳋鳌鳍鳎鳏鳐鳓鳔鳕鳖鳗鳘鳙鳜鳝鳞鳟鳢鸠鸡鸢鸣鸥鸦鸨鸩鸪鸫鸬鸭鸯鸱鸲鸳鸵鸶鸷鸸鸹鸺鸽鸾鸿鹁鹂鹃鹄鹅鹆鹇鹈鹉鹊鹋鹌鹎鹏鹑鹕鹗鹘鹚鹛鹜鹞鹣鹤鹦鹧鹨鹩鹪鹫鹬鹭鹰鹱鹳鹾麸黉黩黪鼋鼍齑龀龃龄龅龆龇龈龉龊龋龌龚龛

思源繁體 比 思源简体 多的中文字符,1711 个

龜懶濫兩閭列烈例杻𠀡𠀾𠁆𠁎𠁨𠂆𠂊𠂔𠃊𠃋𠃍𠃑𠃮𠄌𠄎𠄘𠆤𠆩𠆫𠇁𠇔𠇲𠈄𠈌𠈔𠈹𠉛𠉴𠉵𠊙𠊞𠊠𠊷𠊿𠋀𠋥𠌊𠌥𠍁𠍅𠍆𠍇𠍾𠍿𠎀𠎠𠎧𠎵𠏉𠏋𠏵𠏼𠐓𠐔𠐟𠑥𠒇𠒎𠒑𠒒𠒣𠓗𠓼𠓾𠕇𠖎𠖥𠖳𠗃𠗊𠗐𠗕𠗟𠗠𠗫𠘑𠘕𠘙𠘚𠘰𠙖𠜎𠜱𠝹𠠬𠡳𠣕𠤖𠤣𠥔𠥹𠧧𠨑𠩐𠩯𠪊𠪴𠫂𠫍𠬍𠮏𠮟𠮨𠮩𠮿𠯆𠯋𠯢𠯫𠯻𠯿𠰋𠰍𠰠𠰴𠰺𠰻𠱁𠱂𠱃𠱓𠱥𠱷𠱸𠱼𠲍𠲖𠲜𠲵𠲸𠳏𠳓𠳔𠳕𠳖𠳝𠳭𠳿𠴕𠴨𠴱𠴲𠵆𠵇𠵈𠵉𠵌𠵍𠵎𠵯𠵱𠵴𠵼𠵾𠵿𠶖𠶜𠶧𠶲𠷈𠸄𠸉𠸊𠸍𠸎𠸏𠸐𠸑𠸖𠸝𠹌𠹭𠹳𠹵𠹶𠹷𠹸𠹹𠹺𠹻𠺌𠺖𠺘𠺝𠺢𠺪𠺫𠺬𠺶𠻗𠻘𠻝𠻸𠻹𠻺𠻻𠼝𠼦𠼭𠼮𠼰𠼱𠼻𠽌𠽤𠾍𠾐𠾭𠾴𠾵𠾶𠾼𠿟𠿪𠿫𠿬𠿭𡀔𡀝𡀞𡁏𡁜𡁯𡁵𡁶𡁷𡁸𡁻𡂈𡂖𡂝𡂴𡂿𡃀𡃁𡃇𡃈𡃉𡃏𡃓𡃤𡃴𡃵𡃶𡄯𡄻𡄽𡅅𡅈𡅏𡆀𡆇𡇙𡈼𡉏𡉼𡊨𡊩𡊰𡋣𡋾𡌂𡌃𡌄𡌅𡌶𡌺𡍵𡍶𡎎𡎘𡎜𡏅𡏆𡏭𡏾𡐖𡐤𡐿𡑒𡑔𡑕𡒊𡒗𡒶𡓨𡓽𡕷𡖂𡖖𡘊𡘓𡘙𡘾𡙡𡚒𡚸𡚺𡛀𡛁𡛂𡛓𡛕𡛟𡛦𡛧𡛨𡛺𡛻𡛼𡛾𡜍𡜐𡜦𡜺𡜻𡜼𡝗𡝬𡝭𡝮𡝯𡝰𡝱𡝳𡝴𡞫𡞰𡞱𡞲𡞳𡞴𡞵𡟃𡟇𡟙𡟚𡟛𡟜𡟟𡟯𡟵𡟶𡟸𡟹𡟺𡟻𡟼𡠠𡠨𡠩𡠪𡠭𡠹𡠺𡠻𡡀𡡅𡡒𡡞𡡡𡡢𡡣𡡤𡡷𡡻𡢃𡢄𡢅𡢞𡢟𡢠𡢡𡢢𡢾𡢿𡣑𡣖𡣗𡣘𡣙𡣺𡤃𡤄𡤅𡤐𡤑𡤒𡤕𡤜𡤢𡤧𡤻𡥄𡥘𡥪𡥼𡦀𡦃𡦈𡦖𡧛𡧳𡨭𡨴𡩅𡩋𡩣𡭄𡯁𡯂𡰪𡱰𡲢𡲥𡲬𡵆𡵓𡵞𡶐𡶶𡶺𡷊𡷑𡷫𡷹𡸜𡸣𡸷𡸽𡺉𡺤𡺨𡻈𡻕𡼏𡼕𡽪𡾞𡾡𡿨𢁅𢁉𢁾𢂚𢃇𢃼𢄪𢅛𢅳𢅺𢆡𢇁𢇃𢈈𢉼𢌡𢌥𢎽𢏐𢏗𢏺𢑥𢑱𢒋𢒑𢒰𢒼𢓁𢓉𢓌𢓭𢔓𢔛𢔰𢕔𢖍𢖯𢖾𢘛𢘜𢘫𢙨𢙺𢚖𢚘𢛴𢛵𢛶𢜒𢜔𢜛𢜟𢜪𢝵𢞁𢞖𢞴𢞵𢟍𢠃𢡟𢡠𢡱𢢭𢣁𢣷𢤦𢤹𢥏𢥧𢥫𢦀𢦓𢩦𢫏𢫕𢫦𢫨𢬎𢬢𢬿𢭃𢭪𢯊𢯎𢰦𢰧𢰸𢱌𢱑𢱕𢱢𢲈𢲛𢲡𢲩𢲲𢲷𢳂𢳆𢳉𢴇𢴈𢴒𢵄𢵌𢵧𢶍𢶕𢶠𢶣𢶤𢶷𢷮𢸍𢸶𢹂𢹸𢺋𢺳𢻯𢽴𢿌𢿣𣀳𣁄𣁋𣁦𣁽𣁾𣂎𣂷𣂼𣃚𣄃𣄽𣅽𣆂𣆤𣆥𣆳𣇈𣇉𣇪𣇷𣇸𣇹𣈏𣈥𣈯𣈱𣈲𣈳𣈴𣉖𣉞𣉢𣊁𣊉𣊊𣊫𣊬𣊭𣋒𣋠𣋡𣌀𣌊𣌟𣎴𣏌𣏞𣏦𣏴𣏵𣏹𣏺𣏾𣐀𣐿𣑐𣑯𣑲𣓥𣔙𣔰𣕑𣕚𣕧𣖕𣖙𣖜𣖻𣗍𣗎𣗏𣗳𣘀𣘗𣘚𣘼𣙀𣙙𣙟𣙷𣚎𣚞𣚦𣚭𣚺𣛟𣛮𣜃𣜖𣜠𣜭𣜯𣜿𣝦𣞁𣞢𣞼𣟂𣟕𣟖𣟗𣠺𣧂𣪧𣫛𣫮𣫺𣬚𣭚𣱣𣲙𣲚𣲛𣲵𣲷𣳇𣳈𣳉𣳼𣳽𣳾𣳿𣵀𣵛𣵾𣶏𣶶𣶷𣶸𣶹𣶺𣶻𣶼𣶽𣷣𣷸𣸆𣸑𣸬𣸭𣸮𣸯𣸰𣸱𣸹𣺈𣺉𣺊𣺋𣺹𣺿𣻗𣻷𣻸𣻹𣻺𣻻𣻼𣼵𣽁𣽊𣽡𣽿𣾀𣾁𣾂𣾏𣾴𣾷𣿀𣿅𣿫𣿬𣿭𣿮𣿯𣿰𤀑𤀹𤀺𤀻𤀼𤀽𤁗𤂅𤂋𤂌𤂍𤂑𤃉𤃡𤃬𤄄𤄏𤄙𤄿𤅀𤅄𤅎𤅕𤅖𤅗𤅜𤅟𤅡𤅷𤅺𤆣𤆤𤆥𤆬𤆵𤇍𤇢𤇼𤈛𤉋𤉖𤉙𤉶𤉷𤉸𤊄𤊓𤊕𤊥𤊿𤋁𤋉𤋊𤋮𤋺𤌍𤌚𤌴𤍈𤍢𤍣𤍤𤍥𤎌𤎖𤎜𤎽𤏁𤏩𤏪𤏲𤏸𤐄𤐵𤐶𤑚𤑛𤑳𤒇𤒈𤒹𤒼𤓎𤓓𤓖𤔅𤔡𤕸𤗈𤘘𤘪𤙥𤙴𤚗𤛔𤜆𤜥𤜯𤞏𤟠𤠒𤠣𤢂𤣰𤣱𤣲𤣳𤣻𤣿𤤀𤤁𤤌𤤖𤤗𤤙𤤯𤤳𤤴𤤾𤤿𤥀𤥁𤥂𤥃𤥢𤥣𤥴𤥵𤥶𤥻𤥿𤦂𤦈𤦉𤦊𤦋𤦌𤦍𤦎𤦏𤦔𤦤𤦧𤦩𤦫𤦬𤦭𤦷𤦸𤦹𤦺𤦻𤧅𤧐𤧚𤧞𤧟𤧣𤧥𤧬𤧭𤧶𤧷𤧸𤧹𤧻𤨎𤨒𤨓𤨕𤨡𤨢𤨣𤨤𤨥𤨦𤨧𤨨𤨩𤨪𤨾𤩂𤩅𤩊𤩎𤩏𤩐𤩑𤩝𤩥𤩦𤩧𤩱𤩷𤩸𤩹𤩺𤪌𤪓𤪔𤪕𤪖𤪤𤪥𤪦𤪧𤪱𤪲𤪳𤪺𤪻𤪼𤫀𤫇𤫊𤫑𤫟𤫢𤫩𤬏𤭮𤯵𤰉𤲞𤲟𤳉𤳙𤴆𤴓𤶸𤷪𤷫𤸻𤹐𤺥𤺧𤼎𤽜𤾂𤾆𤾗𤾚𤾩𤾸𤿂𥀬𥁒𥂝𥄫𥅈𥅽𥅾𥇍𥇣𥇦𥇧𥈠𥈡𥉐𥊙𥋇𥋘𥌎𥌑𥌓𥐙𥐥𥐯𥐰𥑆𥑬𥑮𥒚𥔱𥔵𥔿𥕛𥕜𥕝𥕞𥕥𥕦𥖁𥖄𥖏𥖹𥗕𥗛𥗠𥘅𥘵𥙑𥚃𥚕𥛣𥛶𥜆𥜝𥜥𥜽𥝲𥟇𥟟𥟠𥟡𥡗𥡝𥡲𥣈𥣞𥣡𥤃𥥆𥥖𥦬𥧌𥩔𥪕𥪜𥪮𥪯𥫩𥭴𥮉𥮳𥮴𥯆𥯤𥯨𥰁𥰆𥰡𥱊𥱥𥲑𥲤𥳀𥳁𥳾𥴠𥴰𥵃𥶙𥶹𥸎𥹉𥺁𥺂𥺃𥺦𥺼𥻘𥼚𥽋𥿡𥿢𦀡𦀩𦁈𦁤𦂃𦂗𦂤𦂥𦄂𦄡𦅙𦅚𦅛𦅜𦆭𦆮𦆲𦇝𦉘𦉡𦉪𦉫𦋐𦌵𦍋𦍌𦍑𦎾𦏵𦏸𦐂𦐐𦐑𦐒𦑊𦑩𦒄𦒈𦒉𦒘𦔒𦕲𦖠𦖭𦖿𦘒𦘦𦚯𦚱𦚵𦛚𦛨𦛼𦜖𦝁𦞙𦞳𦞴𦟌𦠜𦡆𦡞𦡮𦢈𦢊𦢓𦣇𦤎𦤑𦤦𦤹𦦨𦦵𦧲𦧺𦨭𦨮𦨴𦩂𦩑𦩒𦬅𦬊𦬓𦬕𦬣𦬨𦭐𦭑𦭒𦭓𦭛𦭵𦮂𦮖𦮗𦮝𦮳𦯀𦯷𦱀𦱁𦱆𦱾𦱿𦲀𦲁𦲂𦲤𦲷𦲸𦲽𦳀𦳃𦳑𦴢𦴣𦴤𦴥𦴦𦴧𦴨𦴩𦴪𦵑𦵴𦶠𦶡𦶢𦶣𦶤𦶥𦶦𦶧𦶮𦷜𦷪𦷫𦷰𦸀𦸅𦸇𦸒𦹂𦹃𦹄𦹅𦹮𦹲𦹷𦺄𦺈𦺋𦺙𦻐𦻑𦻒𦻓𦻔𦻕𦻖𦻗𦼦𦽳𦽴𦾟𦾡𦾾𦿞𦿟𧀎𧁋𧁒𧁓𧂈𧂭𧂮𧂯𧃍𧃒𧃰𧃸𧄉𧄌𧄍𧄦𧄧𧅤𧅥𧅵𧇍𧈛𧉧𧊀𧊅𧊋𧊲𧊶𧋦𧍒𧎚𧏿𧐢𧑐𧒄𧒆𧕴𧖣𧗠𧗤𧗽𧗾𧘇𧘌𧘲𧘹𧙕𧙖𧙗𧚔𧜏𧜵𧜶𧝁𧝞𧞄𧞅𧟌𧡘𧡰𧢝𧣈𧤤𧥧𧥺𧦠𧧝𧧽𧨊𧨎𧨾𧩓𧩙𧩹𧪄𧪽𧪾𧫴𧬆𧬋𧬘𧬸𧬹𧬺𧭈𧭥𧯯𧯴𧰒𧱬𧲱𧳅𧴯𧵓𧵔𧵦𧵳𧶄𧶏𧶘𧶽𧷜𧹍𧹏𧼮𨀂𨀉𨀞𨀣𨀤𨁈𨂃𨂐𨂽𨂾𨃨𨃩𨃴𨄮𨅏𨅝𨅯𨆉𨆯𨆼𨈇𨈘𨈚𨉖𨉼𨊛𨋍𨋢𨌆𨌘𨌯𨌺𨍥𨍭𨍽𨎊𨐒𨑨𨑬𨑳𨒂𨔁𨔼𨔽𨕬𨗨𨗴𨘀𨘋𨘥𨘻𨚪𨚫𨚲𨚼𨛘𨛦𨜏𨜓𨠄𨠫𨤍𨤳𨥈𨥉𨥖𨥤𨥨𨥬𨥭𨥾𨦉𨦨𨦪𨦫𨦸𨦼𨧀𨧜𨧞𨧡𨧣𨧤𨧧𨧨𨧹𨧺𨧻𨧼𨨏𨨖𨨥𨨩𨨲𨨶𨩄𨩅𨩆𨩇𨩈𨩉𨩊𨩋𨩙𨩚𨪁𨪂𨪃𨪚𨪛𨪜𨫀𨫆𨫋𨫌𨫎𨫞𨫟𨫠𨫡𨫢𨫣𨫥𨫪𨫼𨬌𨬓𨬡𨬢𨬫𨬬𨬭𨬯𨭆𨭌𨭎𨭐𨭣𨭤𨭥𨭦𨭬𨮏𨮙𨮜𨮝𨮹𨯂𨯅𨯔𨯗𨯙𨯚𨯧𨯨𨯩𨯪𨯫𨯬𨯵𨯿𨰃𨰉𨰜𨰝𨰣𨰦𨰫𨰰𨰹𨰻𨳊𨳍𨳒𨴴𨶙𨶹𨸶𨸹𨹥𨹦𨺗𨺬𨺲𨺳𨻙𨻧𨿅𩁹𩂈𩂋𩂓𩂯𩂰𩂱𩃀𩃤𩃥𩃬𩃭𩄍𩄐𩄼𩅍𩅛𩅞𩅰𩆜𩆨𩇕𩇫𩐝𩐠𩐳𩐿𩑈𩓐𩓙𩓚𩓥𩓧𩖞𩖰𩖸𩗗𩗩𩗴𩜠𩜲𩟔𩡗𩢤𩣑𩣪𩣱𩣺𩤃𩤅𩤯𩥅𩥇𩥈𩥉𩥝𩥪𩦝𩧃𩧉𩨨𩩍𩬅𩬎𩯕𩱳𩲭𩴾𩵚𩵼𩶘𩶛𩷶𩸆𩸭𩹨𩺬𩺰𩻃𩻸𩼣𩼰𩾷𩿞𪀔𪂇𪂹𪃡𪃭𪃳𪃸𪃾𪄇𪄣𪄳𪄴𪅐𪆒𪆓𪆫𪆴𪆵𪇟𪇵𪈠𪈳𪊓𪊟𪊲𪊴𪊶𪊺𪊽𪋟𪋿𪍑𪎩𪏭𪐴𪑛𪗆𪗋𪘁𪘲𪙊𪙛𪚩𪷿勇吆咢屮弢慈晉杞芳䕫蜨貫

思源繁體(台灣) 比 思源香港 多的中文字符,3 个

㫚櫓魯

思源香港 比 思源繁體 多的中文字符,13 个

岃滑龜奈老省糧劣料類慄梨泥

微软雅黑 比 思源简体 多的中文字符,26 个

䶶䶷䶸䶹䶺䶻䶼䶽䶾䶿鿰鿱鿲鿳鿴鿵鿶鿷鿸鿹鿺鿻鿼鿽鿾鿿

思源简体 比 微软雅黑 多的中文字符,125 个

豈更車賈串句喇奈洛珞落酪駱嵐來勞櫓爐盧老蘆路露魯鷺弄磊賂雷壘漏勒肋丹異北磻便復不葉沈若略梁糧量勵呂濾礪力曆歷年煉輦瑩靈醴僚尿料燎暈阮類律慄隆利吏履易梨泥理里林淋狀什刺拓洞暴輻行見隷勉勤卑嘆器墨漢爫碑艹艹𠂇𠂉𠃌𠘨𡗗𢦏𤇾𤈎𤣩𤨁𥫗𦥑𧢲𧺯𧾷𨸏𩙿𩠐𭕄巽拔𰻝𰻞𱁬

English speaking skills for PTE test

By: 李瑞东
16 January 2024 at 18:46

I shared my excitement about the PTE test result in the previous post. In this post, I will detail the English-speaking skills I learned during the three-month learning journey, which specifically meet the PTE test criteria.

PTE’s criteria

Let’s take a look at the two key criteria in the PTE’s speaking component: Pronunciation and Fluency.

Pronunciation and Oral fluency criteria of PTE test

Based on these criteria, I would like to highlight these key points:

Pronunciation:

  1. Vowels and consonants;
  2. Word stress;
  3. Sentence-level stress;
  4. Assimilation and deletions.

Fluency:

  1. Rhythm and phrasing;
  2. No hesitations.

As we can see, the PTE’s test criteria clearly show concepts we must fully understand and perfectly present if we want to achieve a higher score. In the following text, I will present my comprehension of these concepts, supported by related online resources.

Pronunciation

Vowels and consonants

In everyday conversations, sightly mispronounced words often do not significantly disrupt the flow of our discussion. But thanks to modern technology, PTE’s scoring is based on algorithms and is implemented by computers, which can easily detect each mispronunciation. Therefore, the ability to pronounce words clearly and accurately is crucial.

I have tried numerous methods to improve my pronunciation and reduce Chinese accent including speaking loudly, having more emotion, and directly imitating local accents. However, it didn’t work as expected, it did not meet my expectation, resulting in a low score in PTE practice.

Changes occurred the time I met Sun’s tutorials and BBC Learning English collection on YouTube. These pronunciation videos elaborate on vowel and consonant details, with vivid body language and emotion.

As non-native speakers who want to pronounce concisely, we must focus on these particular points:

Mouth Shape
We can try to imitate the mouth shape that vowels and consonants request. For example:

  1. When pronouncing /æ/ sounds like Agriculture and Activity, we should open our mouths as large as possible;
  2. When pronouncing /i:/ sounds like These and Feed, the corners of our mouths should be as far apart as possible.
Mouth Shapes of /æ/ and /i:/

Tongue Position
We should also pay attention to the tongue position. For example:

  1. The /θ/ sound requires us to extend the tongue forward;
  2. The /r/ sound requires us to pull the front part of the tongues back and up and keep the back stable, making our tongues fatter and thicker.
Tongue Position of /θ/ and /r/

Breath
We should also carefully control our breath, ensuring vowels and consonants are presented appropriately. For example:

  1. When pronouncing /θ/ like Through and Thesis, we should ensure that the airflow passes through the gap between our teeth and lips;
  2. When pronouncing /b/ and /p/ like Big and Picture, we should ensure that the airflow is completely blocked and then released suddenly.

Focusing on these points helps us ensure our study paths are on the right track, and consistently improve our pronunciation. In addition, there are two tips:

  1. Don’t try to imitate accents. The PTE test does not expect you to have a perfect British or American accent. For beginners, attempting to achieve such an accent is time-consuming and pointless.
  2. Never compare pronunciations between English and Chinese. For instance, the Cantonese pronunciation 士多啤梨 is often equated with Strawberry in English, which overlooks many nuances. Therefore, it is important to acknowledge that the pronunciation of English and Chinese words are completely different.

Online Resources:

Word stress

Each Chinese character has only one syllable, whereas English words typically consist of two or more syllables.

For example, the word water consists of two syllables: wa-ter, and phenomenon consists of five syllables: phe-nom-e-non. It depends on how many vowel sounds the word includes.

Syllable numbers of the word “the”, “water” and “phenomenon”

Furthermore, an English word consisting of two or more syllables includes both stressed syllables and unstressed syllables. These are indicated by the phonetic symbols found in dictionaries.

For example, the phonetic symbol of agri-cul-ture is /ˈæɡrɪ-kʌl-tʃər/, we can see the stress mark /'/ is placed in the first syllable /ˈæɡrɪ/, which known as a stressed syllable, while others are unstressed syllables.

Stressed syllable and unstressed syllables of the word “agriculture”;

An interesting rule to note is that the stressed syllable can be vary within the same word depending on its function in a sentence. For example:

  • When Project is acting as a noun, it is pronounced: /ˈprɑːdʒekt/
  • When Project is acting as a verb, it is pronounced: /prəˈdʒekt/

What should we do?
Pronounce each syllable with different efforts:

  1. Stressed syllables should be pronounced longer and louder;
  2. Unstressed syllables should be pronounced shorter and thinner, or take place from the Schwa (we will discuss it later.)

When training pronunciation, I strongly recommend exaggerating these nuances to ensure we are on the right track and fully comprehend this concept. Eventually, it should sound natural and require less effort.

Properly presenting word stress is key to making our speech more like English, and it can significantly help in shedding “Chinglish” tendencies.

Online Resources:

Sentence-level stress

To meet this criteria, there are two concepts we should understand: Content/Grammar Words and Stressed Words.

In the English world, there are two types of words within a sentence: Content words and Grammar words.

  1. Content words like nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs play an important role in sentence structure and convey main information.
  2. Grammar words like prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and articles are used to link content words to make a complete sentence, we can’t understand a sentence that only includes grammar words.
In the sentence “I would like to read books,” the content words are “I”, “like” “read” and “books”; while the grammar words are “would” and “to.”

In the sentence “I would like to read books,” the content words are I, like, read and books, they should be pronounced clearly and accurately, while would and to are grammar words, and they should be pronounced more softly than those content words.

The second point is to decide which words should be stressed. This is an easy-to-understand concept but hard to implement when we are facing a complex sentence. I will demonstrate it through Chinese examples:

Two examples of stressed word.

We stress some special words in our mother tongue subconsciously, furthermore, and this often influence the meaning.

For instance, we can express “There are beautiful flowers in the park.” in these different ways:

  1. There are beautiful flowers in the park.” We are pointing out the location;
  2. “There are beautiful flowers in the park.” We are emphasizing the flowers, not buildings or trees;
  3. “There are beautiful flowers in the park.” We are emphasizing the place where the beautiful flowers are located.

I suggest following general rules to avoid the potential risk of making mistakes and mispronunciation because the given text is unpredictable when we are sitting at the PTE test. Here are two steps for consideration:

1. Understanding the text.
Rather than speaking without consideration and comprehension, we should first grasp what ideas the writer attempting to convey before we open our mouths. Furthermore, analyzing the elements and structure of the sentence is crucial, including subjects, verbs, objects, content words, grammar words, and clauses.

2. Marking stressed words and unstressed words.
Generally, we stress one word in a phrase, choosing from a range of words, including objects, gerunds, passive verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Below are several examples from an actual test:

Globalisation refers to a set of changes rather than a single change.
In the sentence “Globalisation refers to a set of changes rather than a single change,” the stressed words are “set” and “single.”

Stress what authors attempt to emphasize. In this case, the author is declaring it is a set, not a single change.

You will be introduced briefly to the discipline of child psychology.
In the sentence “You will be introduced briefly to the discipline of child psychology,” the stressed words are “introduced,” “discipline,” and “child.”

We always stress adjectives and adverbs that modify a noun. If they are connected, stress the first one. Similarly, when facing a compound noun, we stress the first noun generally.

Although choosing the stressed words is subjective, they should be chosen from an appropriate scope that I mentioned before.

Online Resources:

Assimilation and deletions

These two concepts were the most interesting part of my learning journey. They make our English speaking vivid and dynamic.

Some voices can be transformed in specific circumstances. Below are several examples:

  1. Using the Schwa. Grammar words and articles can be reduced to a “Schwa sound”, such as “to” /tu/ becoming /tə/, and "than" /ðæn/ becoming /ðən/;
  2. Linking vowels. When a word ends with explosive sounds like /t/, /k/, and /p/ and the following word begins with a vowel sound, we link them together, such as that element becoming tha-telement;
  3. Inserting new sounds. When a word ends with a vowel sound and the following word begins with a vowel sound, we often insert a connecting sound. For instance: many of can be many jof.

There are lots of variations in pronunciation that we need to learn and practice. While this might feel overwhelming for some beginners, it is a vital part of speaking like a native and sounding natural. Keep learning from online resources and practice consistently until you feel comfortable.

Some voices can be dropped in specific circumstances. Below are several examples:

  1. Combining sounds. Link the same consonant sounds that are adjacent, such as in big garden, two /g/ sounds becoming one /g:/ sound but a bit longer;
  2. Dropping sounds. In a rapid speech, we sometimes drop explosive sounds between two consonants, such as an important role becomes an importan role;
  3. Holding sounds. Similarly, we hold back explosive sounds without fully releasing them when these sounds between a vowel and a consonant, such as that person becomes tha-person;
  4. Reducing /h/ sounds. When a word ends with explosive sounds and the following word begins with the /h/ sound, we always reduce the /h/ sound, such as "might have" becomes "migh-t(h)ave" and "an hour" becomes "a-nour."

Online Resources:

Fluency

Rhythm and phrasing

These two concepts are related to the term “Thought groups.” When speaking English, we always separate the sentences into several groups by their meanings, emotions, structures or lengths. Here is an example from the real test:

Two examples of separating sentences.
  1. Many papers you write in college / will require you to include quotes / from one or more sources.
  2. The speaker reminisces about his views / of the English Revolution / when he was a student.

In particular, we break sentences down before prepositions such as “of”, “in” and “that.” Importantly, we should NEVER separate compound words like “the English Revolution.”

Furthermore, I suggest breaking the sentence into smaller fragments for practice, like this:

An example of using high pitch and low pitch.
Many papers / you write in college / will require you / to include quotes / from one or more sources.

However, the PTE test would perfer a longer phrase, so I suggest that each group should have 4 to 7 words.

Now we know what is the term “Thought groups” and how to divide a sentence, the next step is to learn how to present it well. This related to the term ‘intonation and it means words pronounced in a high or low pitch accordingly and intermittently.

Intonation can bring rhythm to speaking, however, it is hard to handle and can cause trouble easily for beginners.

An example of using high pitch and low pitch.

What should we do?

  1. Always present a low pitch to the last word of a thought group and the sentence;
  2. Carefully present a slightly high pitch to the adjectives or adverbs that modify a noun or a noun phrase.

No hesitations

PTE test can detect any hesitation or mispronunciation which can negatively influence our final score, especially in the Read Aloud and Repeat Sentence module.

Despite numerous challenges on test day, such as being disrupted by other test-takers or encountering unfamiliar words, I strongly recommend speaking slowly and confidently to avoid potential risks and maintain fluency.

This strategy is crucial: when we face a word or phrase that is difficult to express and may cause hesitations unavoidably, this may affect our scores in both Pronunciation and Fluency. However, if we express these challenging words slowly and confidently, maintaining a natural flow, it might primarily affect our Pronunciation score.

This is why I strongly advocate for speaking confidently, even when making mistakes.

Summary

This article discusses the knowledge I gained on my English learning journey, including methods to improve pronunciation and an understanding of the PTE speaking module criteria.

Additionally, I’ve decided to update posts in English from now on. It may contain numerous grammatical errors, awkward phrasing and word-choice issues, it’s still a necessary step forward. ‘Practice makes perfect’ is the key lesson from this journey.

App 表单校验时机探索

By: 李瑞东
17 August 2022 at 14:14

动机

在我接手 App 这波需求迭代的时候,发现一个很常见的问题却没有在设计规范里提到过(其实原本也没啥设计规范…)。那就是:表单的校验时机。

工作中我发现每个保存到数据库的表单都会有至少一个校验规则,最常见的是字数,其他的有类似格式(邮箱、数量)、上下限(价格、库存数)等。而表单的校验时机通常是在三种方式内选择:

  1. 输入中校验;
  2. 失焦后校验;
  3. 提交时校验。

由于接手时并没有规范或者指引帮助我如何判断使用哪种,工期紧张也没有足够时间去探索,我只能拍脑袋地大部分都采取了「失焦后校验」的方法。

后面我发现这其中的差异还是挺耐人寻味的,有必要探索三者之间的各自优劣势和适用场景,于是乎就有了这篇文章。

三种校验时机的差异

输入中校验

效果:输入过程中(即文本有更改时)校验并反馈报错文案。
优点:实时反馈,出错后立即提示。
缺点:容易误判。即未完成输入就提示出错。

适用场景:
1. 纯前端能满足校验需求时;
2. 校验规则较严苛时,如一个表单多条校验规则,或中途某个错误字符直接影响到表单提交时。

修正错误的成本:低
在手机的的「键盘控件」内重新键入内容即可完成修正。

失焦后校验

效果:失去焦点后校验并反馈报错文案。
优点:输入过程中无干扰,在输入完成后再反馈报错文案。
缺点:失焦后才知道结果,修正成本高。

适用场景:
1. 纯前端能满足校验需求时;
2. 用户对输入框内容格式有预期时,如邮箱、手机号等。

修正错误的成本:高 ★★
需要先「失焦」,再回到原本的输入框「重新聚焦」,并通过「键盘控件」修正。

提交时检验

效果:提交表单时校验并反馈报错文案,通常会伴随着使用 Toast 提示。
优点:后端校验时,不影响性能&体验。
缺点:报错反馈很不及时。

适用场景:
1. 大部分需要后端校验的表单。

修正错误的成本:较高 ★★★
需要先「提交表单」,再「找到」出错的的输入框,并「重新聚焦」原本的输入框,通过「键盘控件」修正。

至此,上面列出了三种校验方式的各自优劣势,对比后不难得出结论。

结论

推荐优先使用「输入中校验」的规则。

原因:
1. 反馈最及时;
2. 修正错误的成本最低;
3. 对研发工作量和 App 性能无影响(前端校验时)。

理论支撑:

“理想情况下,所有验证都应该是内联的…”
“…在字段完成后立即修复错误对用户的交互成本最低…”
—— 来自 Nielsen Norman Group 的《如何反馈表单中的错误:10 条设计指南

通过这次的对比,我决定了之后都将「输入中校验」作为主要的校验方式,当然这种方式也有一些不适用的场景,此时就需要换一种校验方式。举例一些常见的不适合用「输入中校验」的表单:

  1. 容易误判的表单,如校验邮箱、电话、网址的格式时;
  2. 设置了数量下限时,如公司业务里的 B2B 商品设置了起批量时;
  3. 需要后端校验时,如需查重或对比数量上下限时。

其他感悟

对需要后端检验的表单态度

因为涉及到后端检验,意味着需要网络,那就会出现加载中/超时/加载失败/加载成功 的情况,所以这种表单一般是失焦后或提交时检验,这对输入体验会相对友好一些。

但也有例外,比如 Twitter 账号在重命名时,就使用的是输入中校验。可能是因为 Twitter 用户量庞大,特别容易重名。提交后检验反而效率更低。

输入前的体验设计

常言道好的体验设计能减少用户出错,在表单输入之前,实际上我们也可以用多种方式明示暗示文本框的填写规则。

一、输入框长度

输入框长度能过暗示文本框的预期填入内容。比如在填地址和邮编时,通常地址我们会预留比较宽的输入框给用户填写,而邮编则可以相应缩减,因为这两个类型的字段,预期填写的文本长度是有明显不同的。

参考资料:整齐划一?不如错落有致。| Ant Design 4.0 系列分享

二、实时字数显示

在输入框旁边实时展示当前字数和上限是也是比较常见的做法。
优点:避免出错;让用户对表单的规则有一个预期。
缺点:页面出现过多此类提示会使页面臃肿,反而会增加视觉&认知负荷。

所以我对这个做法的态度是:每个表单都会有文字输入的上限,超过上限时也一定会禁止提交、出现提示。但是否将字数提示常驻展示,取决于「用户对长度是否有预期」。

比如在一些备注、描述、说明等大段文字里,用户可能会输入到大段文本,但又对这些输入框的上限没有预期,那我这里判断到是需要出现实时字数提示的。而像比如填写姓名、添加标签这种,字数上限只是一个兜底的判断逻辑,不需要特意暴露出来。

另外可以根据存量数据来决定是否展示实时字数提示。比如让后端同事帮忙导出在数据库里的数据,能知道用户在这个输入框里一般会填写多少个字,如果大部分情况都是接近字数上限的,意味着用户在这个输入框会输入较多的文本,此时就需要展示当前字数上限,甚至或者调整校验规则。这是我在上一家公司(千聊)里做过的事情。

三、占位符(Placeholder)

无论是 NNGROUP 还是 Shopify UX,都对占位符文本持有比较谨慎的态度,甚至会用到 Harmful、Avoid 等贬义词。他们主要批判的是用占位符代替标签的做法,我们在使用时避免这种用法就好了。

实际上占位符和标签共同使用时没什么毛病,占位符确实能起到一定的补充作用,用来提示要输入内容的类型和名称,只是不要用来展示重要内容和代替掉标签就好了。合理使用也是减少用户出错的方式之一。

四、常驻帮助文本(Help text)

帮助文本可以视为占位符的进阶版,具体效果在输入框附近常驻一段简短、必要的说明内容,帮助商家了解输入框所要求的格式,或输入后的内容会怎么处理。甚至还可以链接到 FAQ,有丰富的用法。

一条原则

在文本有上限的输入框里,我们会面临一个选择是:超过字数后是否允许输入?

我在这里的建议是允许继续输入,同时会出现报错的反馈,告知规则。因为翻查了很多 UX 资料,都建议在设计中要避免「打断了用户行为」。下面放出两种方法的优劣对比,各位看官理性抉择:

超上限后允许继续输入
效果:输入的文本超过该文本框校验规则上限时,出现报错反馈,同时也可以继续输入文本。
优点:反馈及时,原因清晰。
缺点:🤔…

到达上限后禁止输入
效果:输入的文本到达该文本框校验规则的上限时,禁止输入更多的文字了。
优点:🤔…
缺点:没有反馈,不知道错误原因。

这么看下来,就体验而言是「超出上限后允许继续输入」要好很多。而且这种方法还照顾到一个场景是:允许用户在输入中发现超出长度后,把当前的单词输入完整后再去删减其他内容。

当然毫无疑问,到达上限后直接不允许输入是对设计和研发来说最省力的做法。这种做法下不用反馈,也就不需要做反馈时机的决策、反馈的文案及多语言、文本的适配、反馈后的布局适配…

我有一段经历是项目工期巨紧张,规范也没相关的指引。当时有很多比制定文本输入规则还重要的事情需要处理,于是乎我就都一拍脑袋用了「达上限后禁止输入」的方法。

后面与其他方式对比发现这种做法应该是体验比较差的做法了。像现在我把规范做法加进 App 设计的指引里面之后,就大多数情况下都会使用「允许继续输入,在输入中反馈」的方式实现。

结语

以上内容就是目前来说我对文本框校验规则的一些认识,包含了各种校验时机的对比,输入前的体验设计,以及不打断用户操作的原则。

这次的总结是我挺久之前就想干的事情了,因为平常工作中一直遇到这种问题,也没有一个明确的设计指引能够参考,现在自己写下来这篇笔记之后,之后的设计方案会考虑得更周全,说服力也更强了(希望是吧)…

同时再浅挖一个坑:之后要探索下表单提交按钮相关知识,比如说什么时候要禁用按钮,什么时候是允许点击但报错等等,这个应该还要复杂一点…

参考资料

❌
❌