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长和出售港口业务交易 疑因中远要求否决权再陷僵局 - RFI - 法国国际广播电台

18 December 2025 at 16:15
18/12/2025 - 09:13

香港首富李嘉诚旗下长和集团出售包括巴拿马运河港口在内的港口业务交易,因涉及中美角力及地缘政治问题而一再拖延,近日再传出,由于中远海控要求取得否决权,触发美国方面反对,令交易再陷僵局。评论认为,在中美利益冲突难以化解的情况下,交易触礁的机会极高,事件亦反映在地缘政治日益复杂的环境下,大规模的跨国丶跨财团收购将愈发难以再现。

长和集团早于3月初公布,正与美国贝莱德(BlackRock)为首的财团洽谈,出售除中国以外的港口业务,当中包括巴拿马运河港口在内的全球43个港口的业务,一旦交易成功,长和可套现约 190亿美元(约162亿欧元)。然而,这宗交易迅速演变成中美角力的焦点,陷入地缘政治风暴之中。

亲中媒体在交易曝光后,连日发表多篇文章抨击李嘉诚及长和集团,相关评论更获主管港澳事务的官方机构转发。其后,中国国家市场监督管理总局于4月以反垄断审查为由,调查长和在中国的业务,使交易无法在原定今年7月底的协商期限前完成。长和随后于8月公布,交易不会在2025年内完成,并传出中远海控将加入成为战略投资者的消息。

该宗交易陷入胶着状态数月后,近日再添变数。《华尔街日报》周二(16日)引述消息称,北京就交易提出新条件,不仅要求加入收购方的中远海控与其他参与收购的财团拥有「平起平坐」的地位,更要求中远海控必须在交易中取得控股权,即拥有一票否决权。若未能满足有关要求,中方将阻碍交易完成。外界相信,中方试图以否决权作为中美贸易谈判的筹码,但据悉,贝莱德为首的财团已拒绝中方提出的新要求。

报道亦引述白宫官员指,若中方能够控制巴拿马运河,将危及美国的国家及经济安全,暗示白宫不会接受相关安排,令交易谈判工作再度陷入僵局。涉事的长和集团及中远海控至今未就交易最新进展及相关报道作出回应,贝莱德等财团亦拒绝置评。

一直跟进交易进度的资深财经评论员颜宝刚表示,长和出售包括巴拿马港口在内的交易,因陷入中美利益冲突,本身完成难度已极高。交易消息公布至今已数月,完成日期一再推迟,目前难以找到解决困局的契机,也难以单纯等待至明年中美元首会面时才解决问题。他认为,随着中远海控提高「叫价」,相关不明朗因素将大幅提高交易触礁的风险。

他指出,李嘉诚及长和集团一向被视为国际资本市场中经验丰富的交易能手,但此次交易屡陷困局,正反映在当前地缘政治因素日益复杂的环境下,大规模收购因牵涉过多利益冲突,已愈来愈难以推进和实现。

颜宝刚补充,如果交易最终如外界判断般难以完成,无疑将成为李嘉诚及长和集团少有的失败个案。不过,他相信长和已淮备好「Plan B」。若出售港口业务的交易无法成事,集团仍可通过分拆旗下屈臣氏业务,分别在英国及香港上市套现,以释放企业价值,减轻港口交易触礁对整体集团的影响。



南京博物院藏品现拍卖展 江苏文旅厅启动调查

18 December 2025 at 15:03

对于媒体报道的南京博物院馆藏的明代仇英《江南春》突然出现在拍卖市场一事,江苏文旅厅启动调查。

据《中国新闻周刊》报道,江苏省文化和旅游厅工作人员星期四(12月18日)称,已经关注到此事,已由江苏省文旅厅牵头成立工作专班联合调查处理。

江苏文旅厅工作人员称,“内部正在研究,会有正式对外的口径”,若存在相关违法违规行为,将根据调查结果依法依规处置,最终调查结果将及时对外公布。

据澎湃新闻此前报道,中国近现代收藏大家庞莱臣后人捐给南京博物院的一件明代仇英《江南春》图卷,突然出现在今年一场艺术拍卖预展中,估价达8800万元(人民币,约1614万新元),最终撤拍。庞莱臣后人将南京博物院告上法庭,质疑捐赠的名画为何会流向艺术拍卖市场。

对此,南京博物院星期三(12月17日)晚发布情况说明称,庞莱臣后人捐赠的137幅庞家收藏画作中,五幅画作上世纪60年代已被专家鉴定为伪作。上世纪90年代,南京博物院依照《博物馆藏品管理办法》对该五幅画作进行了处置。

南京博物院称,将积极配合该案件审理,深入核查五幅画作的去向,如果发现当年处置过程中存在违法违规行为,将配合有关部门依法依规严肃处理。同时,进一步加强对捐赠物品和馆藏文物的规范管理。关于拍卖市场出现的《江南春》图卷是否为受赠画作,尚待进一步查证。

对于南京博物院的回应,不少网民提出质疑,并表达对文物流失的担忧。

有网民质疑,如果拍卖的是受赠画作,既已鉴定为假,为何估价达到8800万?如果拍卖的不是受赠画作,那受赠画作又去了哪里?有网民认为,不排除博物馆故意将真作鉴定为伪作,再售卖牟利;还有网民认为,即使是伪作,也应当告知捐赠人,让其收回,而不是由馆方自行处理。

台海基会董事长吴丰山宣布请辞让贤

18 December 2025 at 14:59

台湾海峡交流基金会董事长吴丰山,星期四在董监事会会议上宣布请辞让贤。

吴丰山获得台湾民进党政府授权处理两岸事务谈判事务。他星期四(12月18日)在第12届董监事会第九次联席会议上发表讲话时说,台湾总统赖清德上星期召见他咨询海基会人事,他当场表示愿意让贤,这次正式向海基会董监事会提出。

台湾海基会原董事长自郑文灿因涉贪被控去年7月初辞职后,7月中开始由副董事长许胜雄暂代。海基会去年10月18日正式宣布,资深媒体人、台湾前监察委员吴丰山经政府提名,预计在海基会11月4日召开董事会决议后接任董事长。

今年5月,吴丰山赴立法院进行业务报告时说,自2016年起,由于中国大陆认为台湾没有接受九二共识,因此片面中断对话,两岸对话至今仍未恢复。但他透露,两岸之间的传话管道畅通,交流事务从来没有中断。

吴丰山10月在海基会董监事会会议上说,海基会是台官方唯一授权的两岸对话平台,呼吁中国大陆海峡两岸关系协会依据1993年双方制定的两岸联系与会谈制度协议,重启与海基会对话机制。

中国大陆海协会会长张志军随后在一场活动结束后说,两岸“两会”(大陆海协会和台湾海基会)建立联系机制要回到“九二共识”的共同基础。

海南省委书记冯飞用英文喊话:投资海南就是投资未来

18 December 2025 at 14:44

中国海南自由贸易港星期四(12月18日)启动全岛封关。在此之前,中国官媒刊出对中共海南省委书记冯飞的专访,冯飞在采访中用英文向全球投资者喊话,“选择海南就是选择机遇,投资海南就是投资未来”。

中国国际电视台(CGTN)星期二(12月16日)播出这段采访。节目主持人说,很多人尤其是国际投资者关注海南,并邀请冯飞直接向他们发声,“你的英文讲得不错(you can speak good English)”。

随后,冯飞用英文回答:“海南自由贸易港是新时代中国高水平对外开放的新高地,正式封关运作后,将以前所未有的开放姿态面向世界,全世界的投资者们,选择海南就是选择机遇,投资海南就是投资未来,欢迎来海南,共享发展机遇,共创美好未来。”

海南自由贸易港星期四起正式启动全岛封关。封关是一个海关术语,即海南全岛成为一个“境内关外”区域,海南岛内可以享受零关税等优惠政策。

《海南日报》引述海南省委深改办(自贸港工委办)副主任王奉利说,封关之后,免税的商品税目由1900种扩大到6600多种,零关税水平由之前的21%提高到74%,加工增值超过30%销往中国内地还免关税。

北京市约谈互联网平台 要求下架唱衰楼市信息

18 December 2025 at 14:37
北京市要求互联网平台下架唱衰当地楼市的信息。图为北京市一处楼盘建筑工地。 (路透社)

继上海市清理唱衰楼市信息后,北京市也要求互联网平台下架唱衰当地楼市的信息。

据央视新闻报道,北京市住建委星期三(12月17日)消息,为加强网络生态治理,遏制房地产领域网络乱象,北京市多部门近期对抖音、小红书、贝壳、58同城、闲鱼、链家、我爱我家、麦田等互联网平台进行联合约谈。

会议指出,部分自媒体账号存在在网络上发布和传播唱衰北京楼市、制造市场恐慌、散布不实信息、虚假房源引流等违规信息问题,严重扰乱市场秩序。

会议要求各平台立即开展全面自查,及时下架违规信息、处置违规账号,并加快建立完善常态化行业内容内审机制。

报道称,截至12月12日,在相关部门督导下,58同城、抖音、小红书、闲鱼、贝壳等网站平台已累计自查清理各类违法违规和不良信息1.7万余条;清理处置北京公寓、老李谈京房、锐哥金融视野、北京海哥看房等一批放大市场波动、贩卖焦虑、臆测政策、传播虚假内容博取流量、误导预期促成交的违规房产类账号、直播间2300余个;删除处理违规笔记100余篇。链家、我爱我家、麦田共筛查平台网络房源130余万条,下架整改不合规房源信息480余条。

在北京之前,上海已经采取行动。据“网信上海”消息,上海网信办同房管局、公安局网安总队等部门11月14日启动规范网上房地产信息传播秩序专项整治行动,自开展以来指导网站平台自查清理涉唱衰楼市、歪曲解读房产政策等违法违规和不良信息四万余条,处置违规房产类账号七万余个及违规直播间1200余个。

中国楼市低迷已持续四年多。北京、上海和深圳于今年8月放宽购房限制,但整体收效有限。

彭博社的报道称,中国加大对楼市舆论的管理力度。房地产巨头万科陷入危机后,中国住建部据悉指示克而瑞地产研究和中国指数研究院暂停公开百强房企销售总额数据,直至另行通知。

率团出访帕劳 林佳龙鼓励台商加大投资

18 December 2025 at 14:31

台湾外交部林佳龙将从星期四起率团出访帕劳(台湾称帛琉),鼓励台商加大对当地的投资。

据台湾外交部官网消息,林佳龙星期四至星期日(12月18日至21日)率领“台帛荣邦经贸团”,带领台湾观光旅宿、医疗及永续能源领域的企业代表一同访问邦交国帕劳,实践外交部推动荣邦计划,以鼓励台商对帕劳加大投资的具体成果。

林佳龙今年1月以总统特使身份率领产业代表团前往帕劳出席总统惠恕仁(Surangel Whipps, Jr.)就职典礼,并推动台帕在医疗、观光及永续能源发展合作。

今年5月,帕劳总统惠恕仁率团赴台进行访问期间,考察台湾观光、智慧医疗、永续环保及净零碳排等产业,显示帕劳政府对相关领域的重视。

这次外交部邀请观光、医疗及绿能等产业代表一同访帕,除将与帕方共同检视过去一年来双方在“总合外交”政策下合作推动荣邦计划的进展,也期盼带动台商赴帕进行更多的投资及合作,深化两地经贸往来。

“总合外交”是台湾外交部长林佳龙提出的一种整合性外交策略,核心理念是整合跨部会资源,结合价值外交、同盟外交、经贸外交三大面向,透过台湾的优势产业(如半导体、资安、绿能、医疗等)和民主价值,深化与邦交国及理念相近国家的关系,维护台湾在全球供应链的角色,推动“台湾新世界,世界新台湾”的目标,实现荣邦计划,以提升台湾的国际地位与发展。  

BP Names New Boss After Its C.E.O. Steps Down

18 December 2025 at 15:21
Meg O’Neill of Australia’s Woodside Energy will lead the London energy giant, replacing Murray Auchincloss, who will exit after less than two years in the role.

© Hollie Adams/Reuters

Meg O’Neill, who will be BP’s first female chief executive, will start in April.

Morocco accused of ‘horrific’ abuse of detained gen Z protesters

18 December 2025 at 14:00
A young Arab man seen from behind is frogmarched across a main road by two men in civilian clothes guardian.org

The arbitrary detention of hundreds of gen Z protesters in Morocco and alleged “horrific” beatings have been condemned by human rights groups, as the country prepares to host the Africa Cup of Nations on Sunday.

A wave of youth-led demonstrations swept across Morocco in late September and early October – the biggest since the 2011 Arab spring – in protest at underfunded healthcare and education.

The government responded to the protests, known as “Gen Z 212”, after the country’s dialling code, by arbitrarily arresting thousands of people, human rights groups said. The Guardian was told that people had been beaten and left for hours without food or water while in police custody.

“My son was at a snack bar having dinner when he was arrested. He was not even protesting,” said a mother whose 18-year-old son had been detained for more than two months.

She said her son had been hit so badly during the arrest that “he even lost some of his teeth”. She said he was beaten again in police custody “simply because he refused to sign police papers of his hearings”.

Female protesters were victims of “acts of harassment, insults, and crude and sexist remarks”, said Souad Brahma, president of the Moroccan Association of Human Rights (AMDH). Some also reported incidents of “inappropriate touching”.

Three protesters were shot and killed, allegedly by security forces, at a protest on 1 October in the town of Lqliâa, near the popular Atlantic tourist hotspot of Agadir. A further 14 protesters were injured, including children as young as 12 left with firearm wounds. The authorities claim a group of protesters stormed the local police station, to which officers responded.

So far, more than 2,400 people are being prosecuted in connection with the protests, and dozens who took part in a non-violent demonstration have been charged with acts of violence, according to Amnesty International.

Dozens had already received prison sentences, some of up to 15 years, said AMDH, which denounced the absence of lawyers during hearings, insufficient investigations and the lack of presumption of innocence. It said hundreds more, including children, remained in detention.

A Human Rights Watch spokesperson, Ahmed Benchemsi, said: “The government clearly got scared and orchestrated this crackdown to send a strong message that they will not tolerate any form of dissent.”

In the aftermath of the unrest, the government said it was committed to social reforms and announced increased spending on healthcare and education.

As Morocco prepared to host the African Cup of Nations, there were renewed reports of unrest in several Moroccan cities, with protesters demanding the release of detained gen Z demonstrators.

There was also criticism after flash floods killed 37 people this week in the Atlantic coastal province of Safi, with protesters saying the government was prioritising international prestige projects over essential infrastructure and services.

But Moroccan human rights groups said many young people remained fearful of returning to the streets again because of the alleged beatings and forced confessions after the September and October protests.

“We have heard horrific testimonies of torture while in police custody,” said Mustapha Elfaz, from the Marrakech branch of the AMDH.

“Some detainees were forced to strip. One mother said her son and his friend were beaten so badly with electrical wires on their legs the marks were still visible weeks later. Her son remains in prison.”

Elfaz said many protesters and families would not reveal what had happened to them for fear of repercussions. “What happens inside prisons now remains largely hidden,” he said.

A lawyer in Casablanca, who has joined a group of about 50 volunteers across the country defending protesters, told the Guardian that there were “multiple procedural violations regarding arrests and police custody”, with severe sentences handed down on insufficient evidence and rushed reports.

The Moroccan authorities said all conditions required for a fair trial were respected from the moment of arrest, with police reports drawn up lawfully and verdicts rendered within reasonable timeframes.

Last week, six relatives of two victims killed at the protest in Lqliâa said they were detained by the police after standing outside parliament in the capital, Rabat, holding pictures of their loved ones. The families said the police took their phones and “deleted everything related to the gathering” before later ordering them to leave the city.

“We just want justice, a transparent investigation and accountability for those responsible,” said a relative of one of those killed, Abdessamade Oubalat, a 24-year-old film-maker.

The Moroccan authorities said the families were taken to a police station after refusing to comply with orders to disperse. It said they had not been arrested or taken into custody.

Alarmed youths look out of a bus window at something happening to one side while older people look awayA scared0-looking boy is dragged away by a riot policeman in a helmet and carrying a shield as other police run alongsideA hand holding the photo of a young Arab man and a folder of documents

I've realised I can make a difference - Hoy

18 December 2025 at 14:17
Sport Insight

I've realised I can make a difference - Hoy

  • Published
Sir Chris Hoy holding up two Olympic gold medals Image source, Getty Images

Sir Chris Hoy is in his kitchen, chatting about early-morning coffee and fry-ups.

And mindsets.

An Olympic champion's mindset to be exact.

An exacting, leave-no-stone-unturned, meticulous mindset that defined a career in which he won six gold medals and one silver across four Olympic Games.

This is the same mindset he is relying on more than ever to reframe his entire existence and purpose following a terminal cancer diagnosis.

"We normally have a fry-up for breakfast but, when you guys are here, we need to make an effort," he jokes.

The "you" in this instance are the BBC cameras that have been following Hoy and his family and friends for the past 12 months for the documentary Sir Chris Hoy: Cancer, Courage and Me.

The programme will be broadcast for the first time at 21:00 GMT on Thursday, 18 December on BBC One and available from 22:00 GMT on BBC iPlayer and the BBC Sport website and app.

It shows a hopeful, yet raw, portrayal of the realities of living with stage four cancer, while it also brings to life Hoy's realisation that he can use his platform as a force for raising awareness, and money, for other people living with the illness.

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Sir Chris Hoy: Cancer, Courage & Me

As he weighs his coffee – perhaps the number one area where Hoy's obsessive eye for detail manifests itself – the Scot is in an upbeat mood, laughing and joking with wife Sarra about their imagined usual morning scenario of a full English breakfast compared to the omelette and green homemade smoothie they are actually tucking into.

It has not been anywhere near this rosy for much of the past two years, however, as Hoy explains a few minutes later when the cameras are rolling properly.

"It's about five miles from the hospital back home," he says, describing his return journey from seeing doctors after learning of his cancer diagnosis in September 2023. "I just walked back in a daze. I don't remember the walk. I was just thinking, how am I going to tell Sarra? What am I going to say?

"As soon as I said the words, I broke down."

What Hoy had to articulate was a terminal cancer diagnosis. Incurable secondary bone cancer. Between two and four years to live.

"In my sporting career it used to be about process, not outcome," he says. "Focus on what you have control over. But if you win or lose, it's not life and death.

"[After the diagnosis] the stakes have changed dramatically. The principle is the same – but now it is life and death."

Hoy has shrewdly taken on support for this difficult time in his life.

Steve Peters is a man that Hoy knew could make a difference.

The list of sportspeople that Peters has worked with - the public list he is happy to talk about on the record - is a high-profile 'who's who' ranging from Steven Gerrard to Ronnie O'Sullivan.

The donkeys in the front paddock of the psychiatrist's countryside home bely that glitzy, glamourous list.

But their tranquil nature make complete sense when you spend a few hours in the company of Peters and Hoy.

Peters was Hoy's first port of call throughout his career when it came to training and calming his mind to be at its peak in and around Olympic competition.

He was also one of the first people Hoy called when he got his terminal diagnosis last year.

At first Peters was part of the firefighting phase of what Hoy's wife Sarra describes as a "deep grief" in the first few days post-diagnosis.

But in time, with Peters' help, Hoy set about finding a new purpose.

Firstly, it is to raise awareness of the limitations of the current provision for prostate cancer in the UK. Both Hoy's father and grandfather have had prostate cancer.

Understandably, given an earlier diagnosis could have shifted his diagnosis from terminal to manageable, the 49-year-old Scot argues eloquently that a national screening programme should be made a priority for men from their 45th birthday onwards.

But, crucially, his approach is also to show other people living with cancer that sport and exercise can still be a positive part of their lives, even through their treatment.

Peters explains: "What Chris did when he was presented with this illness is he said: 'Right, what's the plan?' After we worked through the initial stages of the shock and grief of it, then he came out the other side and he picked up on the purpose.

"And that was to reach other people. It became a mission for him."

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Media caption,

Sir Chris Hoy and his wife Lady Sarra recall the night they met

Peters knows all too well how unstoppable Hoy can be when a mission takes him over.

The pair have now worked together for more than 20 years, with perhaps their crowning moment coming at the Athens 2004 Games.

It was in the Greek capital that Peters' "pink elephant" technique helped Hoy win his first Olympic gold. In the run-up to Athens, Peters had encouraged Hoy to pre-empt a scenario in which his rivals broke the world record in the men's kilometre time trial before the Scot had his chance to ride. The scenario became reality on three occasions, but rather than falter, Hoy, the last to ride, responded with a world record of his own to take gold.

The mindset of that moment is one he is tapping into again with his approach to cancer. Control the controllables, but don't waste time worrying about the end result.

Just like in Athens.

"As I went to the start line, a personal best would have got me third," Hoy remembers.

"Recognising what you have control over is such an important part of life. Focus on what you have control over - but the outcome itself, you don't have control over.

"Steve helped me to access the best of myself, and get the best out of myself."

The BBC Breakfast and BBC Sport cameras witnessed Hoy, with the help of Lady Sarra - who herself is dealing with her own diagnosis of multiple sclerosis - making the best of his cancer diagnosis in the last 12 months.

They have followed Hoy and his family to doctor and physio appointments and out on mountain bike rides in Wales with a GB Olympic cycling A-list group of riders and friends.

That same cast list turned out in Glasgow in September as Hoy and a host of his supporters took his cycling fundraising event the Tour de Four from concept to delivery inside a few months.

'Overwhelming' response to Hoy mission

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Murray and Kennys on discovering 'superhero' Hoy’s cancer diagnosis

It is just after 9am in a back room of the Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome in Glasgow – a few minutes before Hoy's charity mass participation cycling event, the Tour de Four, is due to get under way.

The ride was set up, and given its title, in an effort to change perceptions around stage four cancer.

Every time the door opens, a member of British Olympic and Paralympic royalty walks through it.

Sir Mark Cavendish, Sir Jason Kenny, Becky James, Dani King, Sir Ben Ainslie, Sir Steve Redgrave, Dame Sarah Storey...

In and among the clip-clop of cycling cleats comes another sporting knight.

This one is wearing tennis shoes.

Hoy goes over to check in with Sir Andy Murray about his readiness and is met with a typical sardonic quip from his fellow Scot.

Hoy asks: "Are you feeling ready mate?"

"Well, I've got the kit," Murray responds.

As it turns out, the two-time Wimbledon champion was woefully ill-prepared – completing the ride in tennis shoes and boxer shorts. Not typical road cycling gear, but typical of the response of Hoy's friends to his diagnosis.

"The response of friends has been quite overwhelming at times," Hoy says.

The friend response has been mirrored by that of the public.

September's Tour de Four raised more than £3m for cancer charities across the UK.

However, the highs of that success were followed in November by the UK National Screening Committee's recommendation that a prostate screening cancer programme for all men in the UK was not justified.

For Hoy, the fight to raise money and raise awareness is his new Olympic-sized mission and his response therefore was dignified, yet resolutely determined.

"I was quite astonished," he said. "I can't believe that the answer to this situation is to sit on your hands and do nothing. There are 10,000 men a year in the UK who find out they have prostate cancer too late – it's incurable.

"We're failing these men if we don't do something proactive. Regardless, I'm going to keep pushing."

Again, we meet his Olympic-honed mindset, targeted on a bigger mission.

"The Olympics was something that was my life for so many years and drove me on," Hoy says.

"I'm still incredibly proud of it now and I look back with great fondness, but this is something on an entirely different level.

"It's more important than riding bikes in anti-clockwise circles, put it that way."

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Sir Chris Hoy on his BBC documentary and 'speaking to the world'

  • You can watch Sir Chris Hoy: Cancer, Courage & Me on Thursday, 18 December at 21:00 GMT on BBC One, and from 22:00 GMT on BBC iPlayer and the BBC Sport website and app.

特朗普灾难性的芯片政策将助力中国

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特朗普灾难性的芯片政策将助力中国

BEN BUCHANAN, MATT POTTINGER
Mathieu Larone
特朗普总统上周宣布,将允许中国从美国企业英伟达公司购买先进人工智能芯片H200。他在今年夏天已做出向中国出售另一款先进芯片H20错误决定,如今更是错上加错。H200的性能约为H20的六倍,将为中国的军事和人工智能发展提供更大助力。
特朗普解释称,作为交换,美国政府将对H200的所有销售额收取25%的费用。但美国的国家安全和技术主导地位绝不应被标价出售——更不用说以如此低廉的价格。
多年来,特朗普和拜登政府均成功致力于在人工智能领域尽可能扩大针对中国的领先优势。2018年,特朗普第一任期政府明智地切断了中国主要企业获取最先进芯片制造设备的渠道;2020年,特朗普通过禁止向中国科技巨头华为出售先进芯片,帮助英国及其他盟友放弃部署不安全的中国5G电信网络。拜登政府大幅扩展了这些管控措施,并新增了多项限制。两届政府均表示,中国会利用美国制造的芯片开发更尖端的人工智能技术,实现军事现代化。
尽管中国自2014年起投入约2000亿美元推动芯片产业发展,但受上述政策限制,其先进人工智能芯片的研发与生产面临困难。目前中国生产的芯片性能均远未达到H200的水平。中国领先芯片制造商华为预计,其产品最早要到2027年底才能达到H200的性能标准——而这个预估本身就显得过于乐观。
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除了芯片性能不足,中国在大规模量产方面也面临挑战。特朗普政府官员今年6月作证称,中国每年仅能生产20万枚芯片,甚至不足以满足单个数据中心的需求。相比之下,台湾、美国及其他民主国家每年将生产超过1000万枚性能远超中国产品的芯片。总体而言,中国芯片提供的总算力仅为美国企业的1%至3%。
中国知名人工智能企业深度求索的首席执行官于2024年承认,获取芯片是公司发展的最大障碍。2025年夏天,有报道称深度求索尝试用中国本土芯片训练新系统,但以失败告终。几周前该公司发布最新模型时也承认,其系统性能仍落后于美国同类产品,并指出算力限制是主要原因。
特朗普上周宣布相关决定后,中国企业纷纷抓住机会抢购H200——这进一步证明了美国的芯片优势是实实在在的。
特朗普政府辩称,向中国出售芯片将使中国“依赖”美国产品,从而阻碍其提升本土产能的努力。但中国对此有着清醒的认识。特朗普宣布出售H200的决定后数日,就有报道称中国将追加投资700亿美元,用于提升本土芯片产能。据中共旗下《环球时报》上周日报道,英伟达的先进芯片仅会被中国科技企业用于完成向本土替代产品的过渡。
无论是太阳能电池板、电动汽车还是电信设备,中国都遵循着相同的模式:在本土产能赶上之前进口西方技术,随后将美国企业排挤出局。习近平主席长期以来一直强调,核心技术依赖他人就像“在别人的地基上盖房子”。
美国显然不应向中国出售其可能用于攻击美军和情报人员的先进技术。先进人工智能将提升中国的网络作战、情报分析能力和武器装备水平。有报道称,特朗普政府已得出结论:中国最大的人工智能企业之一阿里巴巴为中国军队提供技术支持,包括部分针对美国目标的行动(阿里巴巴否认了这一说法)。另有报道显示,深度求索公司规避美国出口管制,为中国军事和情报行动提供协助。中国采购文件表明,中国人民解放军也在设法获取美国先进芯片。
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跨党派的众议院中国问题委员会上周指出,中国将利用H200“强化其军事能力和极权监控体系”,并建议收紧而非放宽出口管制——这一判断是完全正确的。
特朗普政府深知人工智能对国家安全的重要性,这使其决策更令人费解。国防部长皮特·海格塞斯上周宣称:“美国战争的未来已至,其关键在于人工智能。”美国司法部最近对两名被控向中国走私H200芯片的个人提起诉讼时,也着重强调了国家安全问题:“这些芯片是人工智能优势的基石,对现代军事应用至关重要。掌控这些芯片的国家将掌控人工智能技术,而掌控人工智能技术的国家将掌控未来。”
目前,这个国家依然是美国。但在2017年,时任中国国务院总理李克强在北京会见特朗普时称,中国终将主导包括人工智能在内的所有技术领域,而美国届时除了大豆和玉米将几乎没有其他可出口的产品。特朗普上周的决定正助力这一看似遥不可及的梦想逐步成为现实。

Ben Buchanan是约翰·霍普金斯大学高级国际研究学院的助理教授,也是人工智能和网络安全公司的顾问。Matt Pottinger是胡佛研究所的杰出访问学者,也是地缘政治研究公司Garnaut Global的首席执行官。

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How to recognise a genuine password request

By: hoakley
18 December 2025 at 15:30

One of the primary aims of most malware is to trick you into giving it your password. Armed with that, there’s little to stop it gathering up your secrets and sending them off to your attacker’s servers. One of your key defences against that is to know when a password request is genuine, and when it’s bogus. By far the best way to authenticate now is using Touch ID, but many Macs don’t support it, either because they can’t, or because their keyboard doesn’t, and there are still occasions when a genuine request may not offer it. This article looks at the anatomy of a range of genuine password requests. Note that these dialogs aren’t generated by the app, but come from the macOS security system, hence their consistency.

Traditional, no Touch ID

keychain

This authentication dialog is very important: although malware might try to forge it, it contains distinctive features you should always look for:

  • The icon consists of a locked padlock, on which is superimposed a miniature icon representing the app or component that has asked to access the keychain.
  • The bold text names the app or component that has called for keychain access, and states which item it’s asking to access: here, a named secure note.
  • The smaller lettering specifies that it’s asking for the keychain password, that is the password used to unlock the named keychain, not that for your Apple Account or any other password.
  • If you’re in any doubt about its authenticity, click on the Deny button and the request will be denied.
  • If you’re in any doubt about its authenticity, open Keychain Access, lock the keychain there, and repeat the action while watching the keychain to ensure that it’s unlocked and handled correctly.

Note this doesn’t provide or ask for your user name, only the password for that keychain.

Vertical, no Touch ID

keychain03

This newer vertical format should contain the following:

  • The icon consists of a locked padlock, on which is superimposed a miniature icon representing the app or component that is asking for your password.
  • Bold text names the app making the request.
  • Below that is a general indication of the purpose of the request.
  • Below that is the instruction to Enter your password to allow this.
  • There are two text boxes, to contain your user name (already completed) and password.
  • There are only two buttons, one of which may be OK or something more specific, and the other is Cancel.

If you’re in any doubt as to its authenticity, click on the Cancel button to deny the request, and consult the app’s documentation.

Here’s a similar version from Sequoia, seen in Dark Mode, with the same key features.

Touch ID

If your Mac supports Touch ID (all Intel Macs with T2 chips, and all Apple silicon Macs), and currently has a keyboard connected to it with support for Touch ID (Intel laptops and Apple silicon Macs only), macOS should offer you the biometric version of that authentication dialog.

passwordeg3

This should contain the following:

  • The icon consists of a Touch ID fingerprint, on which is superimposed a miniature icon representing the app or component that is asking for your password.
  • Bold text names the app making the request.
  • Below that is a general indication of the purpose of the request.
  • Below that is the instruction to Touch ID or enter your password to allow this.
  • There are only two buttons, the upper being Use Password…, and the lower is Cancel.
  • If you’re in any doubt as to its authenticity, click on the Cancel button to deny the request, and consult the app’s documentation.

This dialog has distinctive behaviour that’s difficult to forge. When you place your fingertip on the Touch ID button on the keyboard, it will either authenticate successfully, so dismissing the dialog, or the dialog shakes to indicate you should try placing your fingertip on the button again.

Here’s a more recent version from Tahoe, with the icon and text left-justified.

You will also see the icon with its fingerprint whorls filled in colour.

pwordprompt1

If Touch ID authentication fails, or you click on the button to Use Password…, the dialog expands to resemble the non-biometric version above, with the following two important differences:

  • The icon still consists of a Touch ID fingerprint, with a superimposed miniature icon representing the app or component.
  • The instruction remains to Touch ID or enter your password to allow this.

Terminal

Authenticating in Terminal, typically when using sudo, has less scope for distinctive detail, and might appear simpler to forge. However, macOS has a couple of tricks up its sleeve that are difficult to fake.

This contains the following:

  • The prompt consists of the single word ending with a colon, Password: Other words, such as System password, are fakes.
  • Immediately after the colon is a distinctive icon of a vertical white key on a grey rectangle. The closest you’ll see in standard Unicode is the Squared Key character ⚿ which is obviously different.
  • As you type in your password, not only are the characters not shown, but the same key icon remains where it is, and there’s no indication on screen that you’re typing anything in until you press Return. Fakes usually display characters as you type them in.

Again, if you’re in any doubt, simply press Return and exit without giving any characters of your password away.

Finally, no matter how rushed you might be, or sick to death of repeated authentication requests, check every one carefully before typing anything in, as if your Mac’s security depended on it. Because it does.

Australia Mourns the Youngest Victim of the Bondi Beach Shooting

18 December 2025 at 14:43
Sydney’s devastated Jewish community gathered for the funeral of “Matilda Bee,” an ebullient, smiling 10-year-old girl.

© Matthew Abbott for The New York Times

A mourner carrying a balloon bearing Matilda’s name and an illustration of a bee, an insect she was known to love, before her funeral in Sydney, Australia, on Thursday.

特朗普政府计划剥夺更多归化美国人公民身份

18 December 2025 at 02:45

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特朗普政府计划剥夺更多归化美国人公民身份

HAMED ALEAZIZ
8月在波士顿举行的一场归化仪式。特朗普政府一直在封堵移民系统的漏洞,并为寻求进入和留在美国的人设置障碍。
8月在波士顿举行的一场归化仪式。特朗普政府一直在封堵移民系统的漏洞,并为寻求进入和留在美国的人设置障碍。 Tony Luong for The New York Times
根据《纽约时报》获得的内部指导文件,特朗普政府计划以更强力的手段剥夺一些归化美国人的公民身份,这标志着特朗普总统移民打击行动进入了一个激进的新阶段。
这份指导文件是周二向美国公民及移民服务局地方办公室下发的,要求这些机构在2026财年“每月向移民诉讼办公室提供100-200个剥夺公民身份案件”。专家表示,如果这些案件成功,将代表近现代以来剥夺公民身份行动的一次大规模升级。相比之下,司法部数据显示,从2017年到目前仅有逾120个案件被提交。
根据联邦法律,只有在申请公民身份时犯下欺诈行为或在少数其他非常具体的情况下,才能剥夺公民身份。但特朗普政府表现出热衷于动用一切可用工具针对合法和非法移民,导致活动人士警告,这种行动可能波及那些在公民身份手续上犯下无心之失的人,并在守法美国人中播下恐惧。
这一指导文件出台之际,特朗普今年大部分时间都在堵上移民系统的漏洞,并为寻求进入和留在美国的人设置障碍。这场全面行动已超出清除非法移民的范围,包括南部边境的庇护禁令、美国境内庇护申请的暂停,以及针对主要来自非洲和中东国家的旅行者的入境禁令。官员们表示,他们的行动将使国家更安全,并维护国家的价值观。
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针对性地加大剥夺美国移民公民身份的数量是对一项本已声势浩大的行动的升级。
“美国公民及移民服务局的反欺诈战争优先针对那些非法获得美国公民身份的人——特别是在前一届政府时期——这已不是秘密,”局方发言人马修·J·特拉格瑟表示。“我们将对那些在归化过程中撒谎或虚假陈述的个人追究剥夺公民身份程序。我们期待继续与司法部合作,恢复美国移民系统的完整性。”
在采访中,一些前机构官员对公民及移民服务局领导层为剥夺公民身份行动设定的规模目标表示担忧。
“对剥夺公民身份案件施加任意的数字目标存在将公民身份撤销这一行动政治化的风险,”前服务局官员萨拉·皮尔斯表示。“要求每月配额达到近年来年度剥夺公民身份总数的10倍,这将把一个严厉且鲜少使用的工具变成钝器,并在数以百万计归化美国人中制造不必要的恐惧和不确定性。”
支持更严格移民法的倡导者表示,有必要更积极地清除那些不当获得公民身份的人。
“我认为我们远未达到剥夺太多人公民身份的地步,”持限制性移民政策的移民研究中心负责人马克·克里科里安表示。克里科里安说,国家“远未剥夺足够多人的公民身份”,这种努力不会波及那些不应被针对的人。
根据人口普查局数据,美国约有2600万归化公民。根据美国公民及移民服务局统计,去年有超过80万新公民宣誓入籍,其中大多数出生在墨西哥、印度、菲律宾、多米尼加共和国或越南。大多数被剥夺公民身份的人会恢复为合法永久居民。
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周二的新指导文件是阐述2026财年美国公民及移民服务局优先事项的文件的一部分,该财年开始于10月。与“提供员工反馈机会”和“加强高风险案件管理”等目标并列的是“追究剥夺公民身份”。
司法部此前也表示将在今年将剥夺公民身份作为优先事项。在夏季分发的一份备忘录中,官员们概述了他们的方法,表示将针对各种情况,不仅限于使用欺诈手段获取公民身份。司法部称这其中包括帮派成员、有金融欺诈行为的人、与贩毒集团有关联的个人以及暴力罪犯等。
“民事部门应在法律允许并有证据支持的所有案件中优先并最大限度地追究剥夺公民身份程序,”该机构在6月写道。
根据联邦法律,只有在申请公民身份时犯下欺诈行为或在少数其他非常具体的情况下,才能剥夺某人的公民身份。
根据联邦法律,只有在申请公民身份时犯下欺诈行为或在少数其他非常具体的情况下,才能剥夺某人的公民身份。 Charles Krupa/Associated Press
美国公民及移民服务局是剥夺公民身份过程中的关键参与者。该机构将案件转交司法部,后者必须通过联邦法院剥夺某人的公民身份。这一过程可以通过民事或刑事程序进行。在民事案件中,政府律师必须有“明确证据”证明某人非法获得公民身份,或在过程中隐瞒了重大事实。
因为政府必须经过艰难的法院程序,自1990年代以来剥夺公民身份案件一直罕见。彭博法律的一项分析发现,政府提起的剥夺公民身份案件在2018年达到峰值,当时提起了90个刑事和民事案件。“最高法院反复表示,公民身份和归化对我们的民主太过宝贵和根本,政府不能随心所欲地剥夺。移民及公民服务局不应浪费资源搜索美国人的档案,而应履行国会授权的处理申请职责,”拜登政府时期的前高级美国公民及移民服务局官员阿曼达·巴兰表示。
特朗普在其第一任期内也加强了剥夺公民身份行动。在一个广受关注的案件中,新泽西一名出生于印度的男子巴尔金德·辛格在司法部发现他无旅行文件或身份证明入境并使用不同姓名后,被剥夺公民身份。
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根据司法部发言人查德·吉尔马丁称,今年该部已提起13起剥夺公民身份案件,并胜诉八起。吉尔马丁今年早些时候在社交媒体上发帖表示,第一届特朗普政府期间向法院提起超过100个案件,而拜登政府期间为24个。2017年,最高法院裁定政府不仅必须证明某人在公民身份申请过程中撒谎,而且该谎言必须对潜在公民身份主张产生影响。
专家表示,尽管提交案件增加,但实际剥夺某人公民身份的过程可能仍相当困难,这引发了政府是否真正能够让许多案件得以推进的疑问。
尽管如此,一些人仍对这一指导文件可能预示的内容表示担忧。
“我的担忧是,正如我们在逮捕和驱逐中看到的那样,当国土安全部员工被赋予任意目标时,会发生不应被波及的人被波及的情况,这种情况也会发生在这些人身上,”无党派法律和政策组织布伦南中心高级研究员玛吉·奥赫伦表示。“这可能会在归化公民中引发恐惧和恐怖。”

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中国军方吁举报空军采购领域的腐败行为

18 December 2025 at 13:46

在北京持续推进军队反腐行动之际,中国人民解放军罕见地公开呼吁提供有关空军采购问题的举报线索。

军队采购网星期一(12月15日)发布《关于征集空军部队违规采购问题的公告》,称为进一步畅通违规采购问题反馈渠道,广泛接受社会监督,现面向社会公开征集违规采购问题有关信息。

公告称,主要受理空军部队组织开展的物资、服务类采购活动有关违规问题(含招标代理机构组织项目),包括但不限于需求编制、采购评审、合同履约、供应商处罚、招标代理机构遴选、网上采购等。

公告也提到受理方式及渠道,称参加空军部队采购活动的供应商、评审专家、招标代理机构、投标代理人,以及军队内部与项目相关人员,采取邮递方式实名反馈。公告具体列出了有关邮递地址和联络方式。

公告还写道,反馈问题应当客观真实、事实清楚、表述准确,相关佐证材料来源应当合法合规、真实有效,严禁借机诬告乱告,扰乱军队采购秩序,公告最后说,受理截止时间是明年6月30日。

据《南华早报》报道,军队采购网是供应商获取投标信息的主要平台,并称这是首次针对解放军某一具体军种提出此类请求。

这项公告发布之际,解放军正持续推进反腐行动,并加大对自2023年以来展开的军事装备采购领域审查力度。

自去年左右起,军队采购网开始定期发布警告,并公布对违反采购规定的相关单位和个人的处罚情况。

过去两年,军队反腐行动已导致多名高级将领落马,并波及中国军队几乎所有部门以及各大战区。

报道称,军事采购是北京打击解放军腐败的重点领域之一。

中国酒协理事长:白酒产业的春天一定会到来

18 December 2025 at 13:38

中国酒业协会理事长宋书玉称,白酒产业整体结构性繁荣趋势没有改变,春天一定会到来。

据人民财讯消息,五粮液星期四(12月18日)召开“第二十九届12·18共识共建共享”大会。

宋书玉在会上说,产业调整中,保持定力,坚定信心尤为重要。

他说,白酒产业长周期发展的底层逻辑没有改变,产业整体结构性繁荣趋势没有改变,美好生活对于美酒的需求没有改变,资本市场投资者依然对酒业保持信心和预期。在这个时候,对于产业发展的共识非常重要。

宋书玉说:“中国名酒的成功都是时间积累的丰碑,时间正在消化和解决产业的问题。我们虽然身处冬天,但春天一定会应时而来。 ”

中共中央、国务院今年5月修订《党政机关厉行节约反对浪费条例》,将禁酒范围从高档酒水扩大到所有含酒精饮料。

另外,后浪研究所去年9月发布的《2024年轻人喝酒报告》显示,年轻人喝酒排行榜上,啤酒位居第一名,白酒只排第四。

毕马威和中国酒业协会今年6月发布的《2025中国白酒市场中期研究报告》指出,今年只有21.1%酒企表示客户数量有所增加,白酒消费群体萎缩已经成为共识。

'Maybe she's an angel now' says aunt of 10-year-old Bondi victim

18 December 2025 at 12:15
EPA A man holds a balloon reading 'Matilda' during the funeral for 10-year-old Matilda a Bondi Beach shooting victim, at Chevra Kadisha Memorial Hall in SydneyEPA
Lina Chernykh tells the BBC her niece Matilda was a joyous child who spread love everywhere she went

The family of the Bondi shooting's youngest victim Matilda urged the community to not let her death fuel anger, as they said a final goodbye to the 10-year-old on Thursday.

Matilda was among 15 people who were shot dead when two gunmen opened fire on an event marking the start of Hannukah at Sydney's Bondi Beach on Sunday.

Speaking to the BBC at Matilda's funeral, her aunt Lina Chernykh said the Jewish community is right to want more action to stamp out antisemitism – she does too.

But she said Matilda was a joyous child who spread love everywhere she went, and urged the community to do the same in her honour.

"Take your anger and… just spread happiness and love and memory for my lovely niece," Ms Chernykh said.

"I hope maybe she's an angel now. Maybe she [will] send some good vibes to the world."

Jewish community leaders have in recent days suggested the tragedy was an inevitable result of Australia struggling to address rising antisemitism.

The attack on Sunday, which targeted the Jewish community at an event celebrating the first night of Hanukkah, was the country's deadliest incident since 1996, when a gunman killed 35 people during the Port Arthur massacre.

Ahead of Matilda's funeral on Thursday, Ms Chernykh said the family was devastated.

"I look at their faces [and] I don't know if they will be ever happy again," she said of Matilda's parents.

Matilda's younger sister, from whom she was "inseparable", is shattered and confused, she said.

"She doesn't have enough tears to cry."

At a flower memorial on Tuesday, Matilda's mother Valentyna told mourners that the family came to Australia from Ukraine more than a decade ago, thinking it would be a safe place for them.

"I couldn't imagine I'd lose my daughter here... It's just a nightmare," she said.

Ms Chernykh told the BBC she too has struggled to make sense of what is happening.

She was gardening at her home on the Gold Coast when Matilda's mother called on Sunday.

"Truly, I was thinking something happened to my father because he's 84 years old... and she says Matilda was shot," she recalled.

"How [could] someone in Australia understand, if someone tells you your kid was shot… I couldn't understand it. I was thinking I have bad reception. I asked a few times what I'm [hearing]."

Police have designated the attack a terrorist incident, with Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese saying it appears to have been "motivated by Islamic State" group ideology.

Police allege that the two gunmen were a father and son. Sajid Akram, 50, was shot dead at the scene, while his son Naveed, 24, has been charged with 59 offences, including 15 counts of murder and one of committing a terrorist act.

Australia on Thursday announced it would strengthen laws to crack down on hate - including by introducing powers to cancel or refuse visas on grounds of antisemitism.

Australian PM announces crackdown on hate speech after Bondi shooting

18 December 2025 at 10:47
Getty A middle aged man with thinning grey hair and glasses, wearing a suit and tie, gestures as he addresses parliamentGetty
Anthony Albanese has announced new laws that will target 'those who spread hate'

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese says his government will crack down on hate speech following Sunday's deadly shooting at Bondi Beach that targeted a Jewish festival.

Fifteen people were killed when two gunmen opened fire at an event to mark the first day of Hanukkah.

New laws will target "those who spread hate, division and radicalisation", Albanese told reporters in Canberra.

The home affairs minister will also be given new powers to cancel or refuse visas for those who spread hate and a new taskforce will be set up to ensure the education system "prevents, tackles and properly responds to antisemitism".

The new laws will also include penalties for preachers and leaders who promote violence, a new federal offence of "aggravated hate speech", and the introduction of "hate" as an aggravating factor in sentencing crimes for online threats and harassment.

"Every Jewish Australian has the right to feel safe, valued and respected for the contribution that they make to our great nation," Albanese said.

"The terrorists, inspired by ISIS... sought to turn Australians against each other. Australians have responded to that act of hatred with love and sympathy for those in mourning."

Albanese added that his government would be "fully supporting and adopting" the recommendations put forward in July in a report by antisemitism envoy Jillian Segal, who also spoke at the press conference.

She said the country was "at a very important moment not only for our community, but for fighting antisemitism around the world."

Her report was criticised by some upon its release in July due to its implications for free speech, including plans to monitor universities and arts organisations and withhold funding if they were deemed to have failed to act against antisemitism. There were concerns for instance, that the funding could be used to silence pro-Palestinian protests.

Home Affairs Minister Tony Burke said the government was "shifting the threshold".

"There have been individuals who have managed to exploit a nation that had different principles of freedom of speech and have gone right to the limits of language that is clearly dehumanising, unacceptable, having no place in Australia, but have not quite crossed the threshold to violence," he said.

Meanwhile, Albanese acknowledged accusations from the Jewish community that his government had not done enough to prevent antisemitism since the 7 October attack on Israel by Hamas, and said more could have been done.

"I accept my responsibility for the part in that as prime minister of Australia," he said. "But what I also do is accept my responsibility to lead the nation and unite the nation. Because what people are looking for at this time isn't more division."

砍掉标准版!小米 SU7 换代起步即 Pro,价格或上涨 2 万元

By: 芥末
18 December 2025 at 13:53

上市两年,小米 SU7 即将迎来生命周期中最为关键的转折点。

作为小米汽车的开山之作,SU7 在 2025 年交出了一份沉甸甸的答卷:累计销量突破 25 万台,稳居 20 万以上纯电轿车市场第一梯队,在大多数月份都压过特斯拉 Model 3 一头。

但在进入第四季度后,这款曾经的「流量之王」开始显露疲态。刚刚过去的 11 月,SU7 销量从巅峰期的月销 2.9 万台回落至 1.25 万台。

▲制图:芝能汽车

这背后固然有自家新车型 YU7 分流的影响,但更核心的症结在于——站在 2025 年底回望,这款两年前发布的产品,在产品定义上已然有点落后于时代,

12 月 17 日,知名汽车博主韩路爆料,小米 SU7 换代车型将于 2026 年二季度上市。新车不仅配置大幅升级,售价预计也将上调约 2 万元。

如果爆料属实,换代后的 SU7 起售价或将从 21.59 万元提升至 23.59 万元左右,高配版本则突破 30 万元区间。

▲ 小米 SU7 目前售价

虽然接近 10% 的涨幅在业内并不多见,但涨价未必意味着销量的崩盘,消费者是否买单,取决于「升级的诚意」是否足以覆盖「价格的涨幅」。

一个近在眼前的成功案例是问界 M7。今年 9 月,换代 M7 选择涨价 3 万元,却依然凭借足够有力的升级,在 57 天内交付超 3 万台,这证明了只要产品力够硬,市场依然愿意为高价值买单。

2024 年 3 月 SU7 上市时,凭借外观设计与生态互联,它是 20 万级轿车市场最具竞争力的车型。但在极氪、小鹏等竞品已将 800V 高压平台下放到 20 万以内价位的当下,SU7 标准版和 Pro 版仍沿用的 400V 架构,已然成为了参数层面的硬伤,直接劝退了部分看重充电效率与能耗的消费者。

此外,入门款缺失激光雷达、不支持高阶城市 NOA 的差异化配置,也让 SU7 在日益内卷的智驾赛道上略显被动。

因此,根据供应链传出的消息,2026 款小米 SU7 的升级核心在于「补短板」与「超规格」。

首先是高压平台的全面普及。新车预计全系标配 800V高压架构,入门版车型也将具备 5C 级别的超充能力,彻底抹平与竞品在补能效率上的差距。

其次,各种智能化硬件也将全系标配。换代车型将不再对辅助驾驶能力进行高低配区分,而是全系标配激光雷达,并将智驾芯片升级为英伟达 Thor,算力远超现款 Orin-X,以便在高中低配车型上统一提供小米 HAD 高阶辅助驾驶能力。

在三电与底盘系统方面,换代 SU7 将引入 SU7 Ultra 同款的麒麟二代电池,新增电磁可调减振器,Max 版本升级为双腔闭式空悬。

▲小米 YU7 上搭载的英伟达 Thor 芯片

换代 SU7 若真如传闻所言实现全系激光雷达、全系 800V 高压平台和全系高算力智驾芯片,那么实际上相当于砍掉了目前的标准版,入门车型的硬件规格将直接对标当前的 Pro 版,产品序列实质上从「Pro 级」起步。

▲ 换代小米 SU7 谍照

除了产品自身升级带来的成本增加,外部供应链环境的变化也是促使价格上调的重要推手。

2025 下半年,沉寂已久的锂电原材料市场迎来结构性上涨。六氟磷酸锂价格两月翻倍,钴酸锂涨幅超 150%,电池级碳酸锂再度逼近 10 万元/吨关口。对于尚未形成如特斯拉、比亚迪般垂直整合规模的小米而言,原材料波动对利润率的冲击更为直接。

在成本红线抬高、低价竞争空间被压缩的背景下,通过配置升级支撑更高的 ASP(单车均价),或许是小米维持经营健康的唯一解法。

这可能也预示着 2026 年汽车行业的一个新趋势,在原材料成本上行周期内,车企将逐渐告别单纯的「以价换量」,转而寻求通过提升单车价值。

除常规换代外,小米也在扩展 SU7 产品线。近期曝光的长轴距版 SU7 L,轴距和车长均有所增加,旨在改善后排空间,切入对乘坐舒适性要求更高的细分市场。

结合即将推出的 YU9(家庭 SUV)、YU7 GT(性能 SUV)等新车型,小米正尝试通过多产品线覆盖家庭、性能与豪华三大场景。

在这种布局下,SU7 的定位也将发生微妙变化,它不再需要独自背负所有销量重担,而是可以更纯粹地聚焦于追求操控与科技尝鲜的年轻群体。

▲小米 SU7 L 渲染图,图片来源:@SugarDesign

当下的外部环境并不乐观。

乘联会数据显示,2025 年 12 月前两周,全国乘用车日均零售同比分别下滑 32% 和 17%,购置税优惠政策退坡叠加消费观望情绪,乘用车市场承压明显。

小米近期缩短交付周期、开放现车选配等动作,也被部分经销商解读为应对需求放缓的防御性举措。

从行业节奏看,21 个月推出换代车型,在传统车企中尚属中期改款范畴,但在当前中国新能源市场,多数品牌一年一迭代甚至半年一升级,小米已然显得有些保守。

在政策红利消退、竞品围剿、成本高企的三重压力下,小米必须利用这次换代来证明,在 20 万级的纯电轿车市场, SU7 仍然是最优选。

#欢迎关注爱范儿官方微信公众号:爱范儿(微信号:ifanr),更多精彩内容第一时间为您奉上。

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6 Takeaways From Trump’s Address to the Nation

18 December 2025 at 13:40
President Trump disparaged Democrats and insisted the economy is booming despite concerns about the cost of living.

© Doug Mills/The New York Times

President Trump in an address from the White House on Wednesday argued that U.S. economy under his leadership is in better shape than many voters think.

Fact-Checking Trump’s Prime-Time Address on the Economy

By: Linda Qiu
18 December 2025 at 12:30
The president cited misleading statistics to insist, wrongly, that prices were coming down.

© Doug Mills/The New York Times

President Trump used a prime-time address to praise what he cast as the economic gains under his administration.

Full Transcript of President Trump’s Speech on the Economy

18 December 2025 at 11:49
The president sharply attacked his predecessor while insisting that his own record contained nothing but victories.

© Doug Mills/The New York Times

“Over the past 11 months, we have brought more positive change to Washington than any administration in American history,” President Trump said in his address to the nation on Wednesday night from the Diplomatic Reception Room of the White House.

U.S. Military Announces 4 Killed in 26th Boat Strike

18 December 2025 at 12:54
The attack on Wednesday brings the total number killed to at least 99 since the Trump administration began bombing boats suspected of ferrying drugs in the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean.

© Kenny Holston/The New York Times

U.S. attacks on boats off South America have drawn the ire of legal experts and many members of Congress, who contend that the strikes amount to extrajudicial killings and, potentially, war crimes.

Shock and Sadness Hang Over the Reiners’ Neighborhood

18 December 2025 at 13:41
Neighbors said a pall had fallen over the wealthy Los Angeles area where Rob Reiner and his wife, Michele, were found stabbed to death.

© Mario Tama/Getty Images

Holiday decorations and no trespassing signs on a gate outside the Reiners’ home on Tuesday.

Reiner’s Son Appears, Briefly, Before a Judge

18 December 2025 at 03:23
Nick Reiner, facing murder charges in the deaths of his parents, Rob and Michele Reiner, appeared at an arraignment that lasted just minutes before it was rescheduled for January. He has not entered a plea.

© Caroline Brehman/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

Alan Jackson, Nick Reiner’s lawyer, speaking to the media outside Los Angeles Superior Court on Wednesday. He asked the public not to “rush to judgment.”

Trump Officials Announce More Than $11 Billion in Arms Sales for Taiwan

18 December 2025 at 13:30
The move may reassure China hawks who are uncertain about the president’s commitment to the self-governing democracy.

© Ann Wang/Reuters

The arms package would include more than $4 billion each for high mobility artillery rocket systems, known as HIMARS.

中国芯片初创公司沐曦上市首日暴涨755%

18 December 2025 at 13:47
德才
2025-12-17T13:06:37.657Z
沐曦和摩尔线程均生产被称为图形处理器(GPU)的先进芯片,用于运行和训练人工智能工具

(德国之声中文网)中国高端芯片制造商沐曦(MetaX)周三(12月17日)在上海上市首日股价一度暴涨逾750%,反映市场对中国本土芯片厂商有望挑战美国芯片巨头英伟达(Nvidia)的期待。

投资者押注中国产芯片崛起

此前另一家中国芯片企业摩尔线程(Moore Threads)完成规模高达11亿美元的首次公开募股(IPO),并在本月初上市后股价暴涨425%。

沐曦和摩尔线程均生产被称为图形处理器(GPU)的先进芯片,用于运行和训练人工智能工具。

目前,GPU市场由英伟达(Nvidia)主导。受全球对人工智能的狂热需求和乐观预期推动,英伟达已成为全球市值最高的公司。

尽管沐曦和摩尔线程的规模远不及英伟达,但分析人士指出,投资者看重的是中国加快发展芯片产业、最终有望与这家美国巨头竞争的潜力。

沐曦在IPO中以每股104.66元人民币(约合14.86美元)定价,募资约5.858亿美元。上市后股价一度飙升至895元,涨幅高达755%,随后小幅回落至730.34元。

出口管制松动

中美两国为争夺人工智能领域的主导地位展开激烈竞争。据报道,由于华盛顿对英伟达高端芯片实施出口限制,北京一直鼓励科技企业更多使用国产芯片

但美国总统特朗普上周表示,他已与中国国家主席习近平达成一致,允许英伟达向中国出口其先进的H200芯片

H200芯片在技术上大约落后于英伟达最尖端产品18个月,而后者仍被禁止出口至中国。

尽管如此,这一举措标志着特朗普对前任拜登时期实施的出口管制政策逐渐松动

相关限制最早于2022年实施,理由是国家安全考量,包括担忧中国军方在技术上获得相对美国的领先优势。

政策扶持与资本加持

Tech Buzz China创始人马睿(Rui Ma)本月对法新社表示,出口管制“在中国为高端芯片创造了一个受保护的市场空间”。

她指出,在政策支持和更为雄厚的资本环境叠加作用下,国产GPU和AI加速器企业如今所面临的条件“远优于以往周期”。

“因此,摩尔线程、寒武纪、沐曦、壁仞科技(Biren)以及燧原科技(Enflame)等公司,正吸引大量投资者的关注。”

DW中文有Instagram!欢迎搜寻dw.chinese,看更多深入浅出的图文与影音报道。

© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。

专访苹果科学家:睡得好≠得分高,睡眠评分是路标不是指标

By: 苏伟鸿
18 December 2025 at 13:46

在最近的 iOS 26.2 更新之中,有一个相当细节的更新,用户会发现自己「睡眠评分」获得的评价和以前不太一样了:

以往只要获得 70 分就能收获「高」评价,现在需要达到 80 分;而最高的等级「极好」不仅改名为「非常高」,也需要用户睡到 95 分以上的高分。

带着这些问题,和更多的想法,爱范儿与苹果健康团队的研究科学家,主攻睡眠医学方面的 Matt Bianchi 博士进行了一次专访。

在 2018 年加入苹果之前,Bianchi 博士在麻省总医院、哈佛医学院都工作过,研究失眠、睡眠呼吸暂停等等睡眠议题,这些都是苹果正在关注的健康领域。

在这次访谈开始前,其实我内心一直有个疑问:昨晚如果我拿下了「100 分」的睡眠评分,是不是就意味着我睡得特别好?

Bianchi 博士告诉我,并不。

睡眠这件事,有一个标准

在运动健康领域,苹果很喜欢「说人话」,像生命体征、睡眠呼吸暂停这些指标,其实都是苹果将体温、心率、血氧、呼吸等抽象的监测数据,转换成用户一眼能懂的图表。

Bianchi 告诉爱范儿,对于睡眠评分以及更多睡眠功能时,苹果遵循三个基本原则:

透明、客观、可理解。
Transparent, obejctive, easy to understand.

但这些指标主要是以范围和趋势的形式呈现,爱范儿问 Bianchi 博士,为什么要在睡眠这个行为上引入确定的、量化的打分方式,他的答案很简单:因为睡眠真的太重要了。

睡眠对我们的身心健康至关重要,我们希望能够有一个方式可以很容易地让用户可以看到自己在前一晚的睡眠状况如何,也希望能通过这种方式鼓励用户去行动起来,提升自己的睡眠品质。

在访谈中,Bianchi 博士多次强调,苹果的睡眠评分功能,都是基于美国睡眠医学会、世界睡眠基金会等多种组织的公开指引,结合苹果自己的心脏和运动健康医学研究,研发出一套算法。

苹果的睡眠评分系统主要以三个指标构成:

  • 持续时间,占 50 分
  • 就寝时间,占 30 分
  • 中断情况,占 20 分

这些指标并非单纯是苹果自己的研究结果,也是严格参考学界给出的公开指引和指南。Bianchi 博士称,希望这些透明、标准化的指标,能够为这个功能带来进一步的影响力。

美国心脏学会在今年的一份声明中,也指出了多维睡眠健康对心脏代谢功能的重要性,其中就提到了八大维度:睡眠时长、连续性、入睡时间、规律性、睡眠相关的日间功能、睡眠结构以及无睡眠障碍。

在使用睡眠评分的过程中,我发现自己确实可以根据睡眠评分的几条细分和反馈,去积极调整自己的作息习惯,比以往的「睡眠阶段」图表,更能发挥主观能动性,形成更好的睡眠习惯。

不过这也带来了一种错位,似乎以前我们关注的「深度睡眠时长」,和这个全新的睡眠评分并没有明显的关系,包括我在内不少用户发现,即使深度睡眠时间不长,也能有很高的分数,难道我们以前关注的这些数据意义不大?

对此,Bianchi 博士解释道,在「持续时间」这一维度中,评分权重本身就有明确分配——其中 40 分用于评估整体睡眠时长,5 分对应快速眼动睡眠的持续时间,另有 5 分分配给深度睡眠周期。

这样的分配,其实也体现了苹果对优秀睡眠的一种取向:时长为先,深度其次,能掌握的才最值得鼓励。

睡眠习惯 > 睡眠数据

关于睡眠评分,最大的争议往往来自于「完美睡眠主义」——即把改善睡眠的指标当成了必须考满分的 KPI,反而引发焦虑而睡不好。

对此,在 iOS 26.2 版本中,苹果做出了一个看似微小却意味深长的调整:

将评分的最高评级名称从「极好(Excellent)」调整为「非常高(Very High)」 。

在访谈的过程,Bianchi 其实也反复强调了睡眠评分的意义:

这个评分并不反映用户的主观感觉,它不是在反映「睡得好不好」这件事,它只是根据科学标准和我们的指引,所呈现的一个客观分数的总结。

这意味着,分数的涨跌不一定总是与你的主观感受同步。

苹果希望通过这种透明的方式,让用户直观地看到:在医学和科学的视角下,究竟什么样的睡眠才被定义为「健康」。

这一改动旨在消除「必须做到优秀」的心理暗示,使评价体系更加客观。

Bianchi 博士坦言,虽然底层的数值算法和科学指引没有变,但这一调整是基于用户反馈,为了让体验更贴合用户心理,避免盲目追求「高分」带来的压力 。

对于锻炼身体,苹果设计了「锻炼圆环」这种激励机制,完成得好会有奖励,还鼓励用户多和其他人竞争,获得更高的分数,完成圆环。

但睡眠分数很不一样,健康共享中没有这个指标,避免和其他用户对比,而不管高分和低分都不会有更多反馈。

一言蔽之:睡眠评分,和睡得好不好没有关系,更关心的是你如何能睡好,比起「指标」更像「路标」。

毕竟睡眠评分只是一个晚上的数据,但用户根据评分去改变自己的行为,形成良好的睡眠习惯,才是终身受益的事情。

睡眠评分中有 70 的分数都是围绕「睡眠行为」进行评判,而不是「睡眠质量」——只要用户按时作息、睡够时间,至少能获得一个「一般」的评价,而只要睡得安稳,高分也并不困难。

这种标准,是苹果依据大量公开的睡眠医学准则制定的,具有全球范围内的基本普适性。

Bianchi 博士也表示,对于赋分方式和评级,苹果也在倾听用户意见不断调整,iOS 26.2 整体将评级对应的分数提高,就是基于用户洞察的结果。

我问 Bianchi 博士,不同文化背景下,睡眠习惯也有所差异,比如中国人传统健康观念的「早睡早起」,但好像不会体现在睡眠评分中。

Bianchi 博士则表示:

其实美国传统医学很强调「早睡早起」,但在我们参照的科学性指引中非常强调所谓的「一致性(consistency)」。当然,如果用户是规律性早睡早起,其实也会反映在分数之中。

Bianchi 博士还提到了一个很小的例子:小睡。

在很多文化中,小睡特别是午睡是很重要的睡眠形式,其实苹果也考虑到了这点,小睡的时间也会计算到睡眠评分的「时长」之中。

这种「睡了就有得分」的机制,和其他睡眠追踪应用还不一样。一位用 AutoSleep 的同事表示,这个应用不仅很复杂,而且走的是一种「睡眠负债」的路线——只要睡不够,它就会让你第二天睡更多的时间来补偿,并且还会有一堆警告。

但苹果睡眠评分很简单,午睡不是「还债」而是「拿分」,睡得少也只是得分低,甚至得分也只是「一般」,同事觉得还不错。

▲ 同一个晚上,上面是 AutoSleep 的结果,下面是苹果健康

自初代 Apple Watch 到现在,苹果已经在健康医学的领域深耕了超过十年的时间,积累了海量的健康数据。

根据这些研究,苹果也正在推动 Apple Watch 乃至整个苹果健康生态的转型:从单纯绑在手腕上的一系列传感器,变成一个能指示身体状况的健康助理。

不管是睡眠评分,还是生命体征、睡眠呼吸暂停这些指标,本质上都是「透明、可理解、客观」三大原则的体现,从让用户看见数据,到鼓励用户做出改变。

更新 iOS 26 后,我确实每天睁眼之后的第一件事,就是看一眼手表上的睡眠评分——昨晚睡得对不对,一目了然。

我想这也是睡眠评分功能的设计初衷,这不是一个计分板,而是一枚指南针。

睡眠这件事,从来不应该只关心某一晚的好坏,而是一生的习惯。

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