Isaacman aims to reinvigorate NASA's image, starting with the moon

© Miguel J. Rodriguez Carrillo/AFP via Getty Images

© Miguel J. Rodriguez Carrillo/AFP via Getty Images
Democrats are opening a new front in their midterm offensive over Iran.
VoteVets Action Fund is rolling out a $250,000 ad campaign Wednesday targeting Rep. Derrick Van Orden (R-Wis.) over his support of the war with Iran, according to details shared first with POLITICO.
It’s one of the first examples of Democrats putting real money behind the issue in the midterms since President Donald Trump’s attack on the country more than a month ago. And it comes as Republicans grow increasingly worried that the war’s impact on prices could hurt the party at the ballot box this fall.
The ad attacks Van Orden, an at-risk Republican and combat veteran, for backing a Pentagon push for $200 billion more for the Iran operation as prices at the pump continue to rise, and after he called last year for cuts to the Department of Veterans Affairs. The ad accuses Van Orden of backing cuts to veterans’ care — though in the hearing referenced, the Republican advocates for slashing bureaucrats to add more doctors.
The spot sheds light on how Democrats are working to weaponize the war: by arguing that Trump is spending big abroad while further pinching voters’ pocketbooks and, in VoteVets’ case, stiffing veterans.
“Look at that gas pump. We’re paying the cost every damn day of this war in Iran. But for Congressman Van Orden, we’re not paying enough. He’s going for another $200 billion dollars to spend in Iran,” a male Marine Corps veteran narrates in the clip.
“This is the same guy who backed big cuts to VA care for vets,” the veteran says, referring to significant staffing reductions at the agency since Trump returned to office, including thousands of medical personnel. “Vets like me, we understand the cost of war. But if we don’t have the money to take care of our veterans, we damn sure can’t afford another war. Call Van Orden on it.”
VoteVets, whose PAC works to elect Democratic veterans, intends to expand its Iran ad campaign into other battleground districts, with a particular focus on GOP veterans who the group argues are blindly following Trump in abandoning his campaign-trail pledge to end endless wars.
“There’s absolutely no doubt that voters throughout the country, and particularly in Rep. Van Orden’s district, are very aware of the fact that every single day we spend billions of dollars [on] this war in Iran is yet another day that not only is the affordability crisis ignored, but it's getting even worse,” said former Rep. Max Rose, a New York Democrat who serves as a senior adviser to VoteVets. “What this first video represents is our commitment to holding every single Republican veteran in the House of Representatives accountable for their lies, hypocrisy and absence of courage.”
Van Orden, a retired Navy SEAL who served in Iraq and Afghanistan, slammed VoteVets as a “running joke in the veteran community” in a statement to POLITICO. He expressed support for Trump’s military operation and the supplemental funding plan that the White House has been reviewing. But Van Orden stressed that he continues to oppose putting uniformed troops on the ground in Iran.
“Iran has been at war with the United States for 47 years. When we start putting a price tag on American citizens’ lives, we’ve already lost sight of our responsibility,” Van Orden said. “Every single American murdered by these radical Muslim mullahs is priceless, and every American life we can save is beyond value.”
The 30-second spot will run during NCAA games and other live sporting events, as well as on broadcast, radio, streaming services and social media platforms. It represents an escalation in Democrats’ rhetoric and aggression as the party seizes on growing voter backlash to the now monthlong conflict that Trump is threatening to intensify.
Democrats have already been hammering Republicans over affordability as the average price of a gallon of gas soars over $4. Now they’re eyeing ways to connect other cost concerns to the ballooning spending on the war amid reporting that Republicans are considering further reductions to federal health spending to bankroll the military effort — returning to some of their signature issues of the cycle to argue that the GOP is prioritizing fealty to the president over voters’ pocketbooks.
Other Democrat-aligned groups are joining in. Battleground Alliance PAC flew a plane over a minor league baseball game in Pennsylvania over the weekend with a banner targeting Republican Rep. Ryan Mackenzie that read “Mackenzie: Your Iran Vote = Sky High $$$Gas.” The group is planning similar stunts in more than half a dozen other swing districts across Michigan, Iowa, Nebraska and Ohio.
“We're in a war of choice, which is spending an enormous amount of money, and we're going to get more health care cuts and oil price increases,” said Andrew Grossman, a senior adviser to the labor-backed Battleground Alliance PAC. “And so the cost of living — like the chaos and the Republican Congress just saying yes always to President Trump — is hitting Americans in our pocketbooks, and that is the single most important issue of our moment.”
Mackenzie’s campaign manager, Andres Weller, dismissed the move in a statement as “the same political stunts that people are tired of. An outside group did the same thing at the same place in 2024, and all it accomplished was annoying people who were trying to enjoy a baseball game with their family and friends.”
Democrats’ ramp-up comes as Republicans are increasingly fearful a prolonged war will hurt their chances of holding onto power in the midterms. The conflict is already fracturing the MAGA coalition. And polls show a majority of Americans are against the operation in Iran, including an Ipsos survey released Tuesday that found two-thirds of Americans want the U.S. to end its involvement even if the president does not achieve all his goals, and that 56 percent expect the conflict will have a negative impact on their personal financial situation.
Voters are “going to look to their members of Congress to see if they double down or be an independent voice [on Iran],” Samuel Chen, a Pennsylvania-based GOP strategist, said. “If they’re doubling down on it in these tight seats in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin and other places, that could be the difference.”


© Matt Rourke/AP
法新社周三(4月1日)消息称,美国国务卿鲁比奥在接受福克斯新闻采访时说:“我认为很遗憾,几乎毫无疑问,一旦这场冲突结束,我们必须重新审视这一关系。我们需要重新评估北约这一联盟对美国的意义。”他还补充说,最终决定权在总统特朗普手中。
据称,美国对部分北约成员国(包括法国、西班牙和意大利)感到不满,因为这些国家没有允许美方飞越该国领空,或使用境内的美军基地向以色列运送军事装备。这一行动与2月28日爆发的伊朗战争有关。
特朗普此前也曾在迈阿密的一次商业论坛上表示,美国未来可能不会在必要时帮助北约盟友,并再次批评该联盟。他称:“我们每年为北约花费数千亿美元来保护他们,我们一直都会支持他们,但考虑到他们现在的做法,我想我们也许不必再这样做了,对吧?”
近几周来,特朗普多次发表强硬言论,在他的社交平台上将北约称为“纸老虎”和“懦夫”,并警告说美国“会记住这一点”。
鲁比奥进一步表示:“如果我们已经到了这样一个地步——北约联盟反而阻碍我们使用这些基地,使我们无法用来维护美国利益,那么北约就成了一条单向通道。”他还说:“如果北约仅仅意味着我们在欧洲驻军来保护欧洲……而当我们需要使用他们的军事基地时,他们却回答‘不’,那我们为什么还要留在北约?这是必须要提出的问题。”
此外,鲁比奥还强调,应由美国的盟友负责保障霍尔木兹海峡的安全。目前该海峡因伊朗的行动实际上已被封锁,而欧洲国家在能源上依赖该通道。他还表示,在对伊朗的战争中,“我们已经接近终点”,但未给出具体时间表。
自特朗普第二任期以来,美国与北约之间的关系正经历严重动荡。美国指责欧洲国家过度依赖美国安全保障,而欧洲方面则对美国可能减少承诺深感担忧。
日本首相高市早苗日本时间4月1日下午与法国总统马克龙举行会谈,就伊朗局势交换意见并协商应对措施。马克龙总统已于昨日下午抵达羽田机场。将与日本方面重点探讨七国集团(G7)能否在伊朗问题上保持协调一致,对于日本担心作为七国集团轮值主席国的法国可能会邀请中国国家主席习近平出席七国集团峰会,法方明确表示不会邀请中方与会。
据日本外务省相关人士透露,两国领导人虽曾在去年11月的G20峰会上有过简短交流,但此次会谈是马克龙与高市之间“首次正式的首脑会谈”。
4月1日,马克龙总统在东京都内举行的日法经济论坛上发表演讲指出,在能源与资源领域减少对特定国家依赖、推进“去风险化”(风险降低),是日法两国面临的共同课题。他还表示,两国都是“储蓄大国”,但在技术创新方面投资仍显不足,应加大投入,以增强经济的韧性。
此外,4月1日,日本经济产业大臣赤泽亮正与法国经济、财政、工业和数字主权部部长莱斯屈尔在日本经济产业省举行了会谈,就加强重要矿产资源采购多元化合作达成一致。双方计划通过政府与民间合作项目,构建稀土供应链,以减少对中国的高度依赖。
法国总统府4月1日之前明确表示,计划于6月15日至17日在法国东部埃维昂举行的G7峰会,将邀请印度、韩国、巴西和肯尼亚四国参加,但不会邀请中国。作为本届G7轮值主席国,法国已决定不向中国发出邀请。
围绕是否邀请中国的问题,去年11月曾有报道称马克龙考虑邀请中国国家主席习近平出席峰会,对此,日本政府基于中国在海洋活动和经济施压方面的行为,向法方表达了担忧,认为若邀请中国,相关问题可能难以充分讨论。12月2号,也就是马克龙访华前一天,日本国家安全保障局局长市川惠一给法方打了电话,表达“关切”,等马克龙从北京回来正式放风要邀请中国,日本外务省明确表示反对。12月5号,日本外相茂木敏充在记者会上强调:“日本重视由共享民主主义和法治等基本价值观的G7所形成的团结。”政府相关人士指出:“G7的意义在于由在诸多方面具有共识的成员进一步深化讨论”,并透露这一立场也已传达给法方,而法国认为:抱有巨大对外贸易黑字的中国,在纠讨论正全球贸易不平衡问题上不可或缺,但综合日本方面的顾虑以及中方参与意愿有限等因素,最终决定此次不发出邀请,并寻求以其他形式展开对话。
在首脑会谈中,鉴于伊朗局势恶化、欧洲部分国家与美国立场出现距离,日本与法国将就推动G7协调应对展开磋商。双方还将确认在谴责霍尔木兹海峡“事实上封锁”的声明中扩大参与国家范围,以保持步调一致。
在因中东局势而趋于不稳定的资源与能源领域,两国将就制定确保重要矿产稳定供应的路线图达成一致,包括推进双方共同投资的稀土冶炼项目等。
同时,考虑到中国军事活动的日益活跃,双方还将加强在安全保障领域的合作,特别是法国作为在太平洋拥有领土的国家,将与日本深化相关协作。
此外,日法两国政府还将配合此次首脑会谈,发表关于核能与核聚变能源合作的联合声明。在核聚变方面,双方将通过包括在法国正在建设的国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)在内的项目推进合作,国际热核聚变实验堆是目前正在法国卡达拉舍建设的国际大型核聚变科学实验项目,其目标是验证磁约束核聚变作为能源在工业规模上的可行性,是迈向未来核聚变发电站的“和平利用核聚变能源之路”。日法双方将继续推进与日美欧等多方的合作开发,面对中东局势紧张,双方将致力于减少对化石燃料的依赖,推进核电站长期运行以及下一代核反应堆“快堆”的研发合作,并确认到本世纪中叶推进示范性快堆开发的共同目标。同时,还将加强核燃料循环领域的合作,包括推动日本青森县六所村核燃料再处理工厂的安全运行。

节目简介
欢迎收听这期节目!前段时间,一款改装的「透明版 iPhone Air」在网上引起了热议 。但是,直接剥离背板油漆露出内部精密零件,真的是一种很酷的极客审美,还是对工业设计的一种糟糕误解 ?本期节目,我们将穿过这场透明风波,去扒一扒 iPhone Air 玻璃背板下真正隐藏的极端工程追求 。同时,我们也将借此一窥,在 AI 开始接管物理世界的今天,科技巨头们到底在暗中筹划着一个怎样的未来 ?
Show Notes
把精密零件裸露出来就是很酷的设计感吗 ?我们将重新审视历史上经典透明设计的真正语境,聊聊为什么「透明版 iPhone Air」本质上可能是一场审美误会 。
iPhone Air 让人惊叹的纤薄,并不仅仅是视觉和比例上的魔法,更源于对核心元器件集成度边界的疯狂压榨 。苹果全新的“高原”设计语言和 Apple Watch 有什么关联 ?
标准版 iPhone 面向当下,而 Air 却是一个指向未来的坐标 。当计算核心不再被强制绑定在一块大屏幕之下,我们身边的电子设备生态将迎来怎样的一场无声大洗牌 ?
AI 的颠覆绝不止于聊天、写代码或生成图片,它正在悄悄渗透进物理世界的技术栈里 。结合苹果近期低调收购的 AI 初创公司,以及 Air 机身上隐藏的全球最大消费级 3D 打印零件,AI 驱动的逆向工程将如何改变我们习以为常的几何美学 ?
作为极具前瞻性的工程探索,iPhone Air 遭遇了商业上的滑铁卢 。既然时机并未成熟,消费者也倾向于“既要又要”,为什么 Apple 仍然愿意掏出这笔极其昂贵的「学费」 ?
本期互动问题:
如果未来的计算设备真的变成了一张看不见、摸不着的分布式网络,手机这个实体彻底消失,你觉得人类最难克服的「物理习惯」会是什么呢?欢迎在评论区留言,跟我们一起大开脑洞!
本期关联视频
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Qw9jBeESW/







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被迫解散的香港市民支援爱国民主运动联合会(支联会)被控煽动颠覆国家政权罪(煽颠案)一案完成举证,在最後一天的盘问中,法官多次打断自辩的邹幸彤的提问,更一度考虑不让前常委关振邦作供,遭邹指法庭不想听证据。法庭最後决定,只可提问2018年之後的事宜,而法庭亦在没有事实否定的情况下,指示邹幸彤以「六四事件」代替「六四屠城」来作出提问。
案中最後一名被告邹幸彤昨(3月31日)午完成证人作供及盘问程序,法庭随即商定,将案件押後至下月 18日进行结案陈词,排期三天。至於法官会否赶在「六四事件」37周年之前作出裁决,则仍是未知数。
由於法庭早前已经以2018年为提供证据的年份,故此原先排期75天的聆讯,预计可大幅缩短一半,但却令审讯完结时,更接近六四周年。不过,了解中国维稳情况的非政府组织人士估计,「六四事件」37周年前判决的可能性较低。
据了解,以2018年划界,是因为控方初期举证时以被告多年来的公开发言和访问为主,被法官质疑是否要法庭处理三十几年前的事,最终商订,证供须涉及2018年或以後的事宜,而2018年是中国最新的修宪年份,当中,政府把「中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特徵」加入第一条,禁止任何组织或者个人破坏。控方亦以此条文为基本,指结束一党专政就是推翻中共领导的特质,触犯法律,提出控告。
法官质疑邹幸彤寓政治宣传於提问 邹否认
在昨天的审讯中,由出任支联会常委廿四年的关振邦以辩方证人出庭作供,主要问及他对六四的认知丶支联会就五大纲领的讨论等,但关的作答被指过於详细,多次被法官打断;而自辩的邹幸彤以律师身份提问时,亦多次被法官质疑,双方发生争拗。
例如邹幸彤追问证人看那些报章来了解六四时,被法官李运腾打断,称提问要有限制度,明令禁问三十几年前的事;邹则表示,想藉此表达支联会陈述的事实和用词都是有理有据的,与当时绝大多数传媒报道的相若,质疑法庭是否不让人讲事实。不过,李官强调,报章丶海报的内容亦只是传闻证供,法庭无从判断邹所指的是否真是事实;邹则反驳称,关当年的所见所闻,并非传闻证供;但李官最後表明,今次不是审讯六四,不是邹用作政治宣传的场合。邹否认自己是在做政治宣传,李官则继续持有此看法,双方就此争拗了一阵子。
邹幸彤接着提问关,「六四屠城」後有没有继续参与相关活动;但李官立即更正她,指问题不正确,应该「系『六四事件』之後。」邹质疑,法庭没有证据前,不能说她的说法不正确。李官不再与她争拗,只是表明,如果邹继续「用呢啲字眼,我会考虑系咪真系畀你继续问落去」。
法庭曾讨论中止证人作供
但当法官陈仲衡代问证人有否在1989年六四事件後参与支联会工作时,李官叫停关的回应,指要确定关的作供是否与本案有关,若没有,便毋须再听。其後便请证人离开法庭,等待法庭决定。
法官向邹幸彤了解提问方向後再休庭五分钟商讨,接着念出法庭的「决定」:「证人唔能够讲2018年以前嘅事情,只能够由2018年开始讲。」李官更在邹同意後再次向她确认,如果她逾越此界线,便不会容许她继续盘问证人。
证人:支联会无讨论纲领内容 亦从未放弃
在其後的提问中,关供称,由1989年为支联会当义工开始,五大纲领已经存在,虽然没有人明确表示何谓五大纲领,但据他个人理解,五大纲领犹如奥运五环般互相紧扣,而且顺序不变,就是救人为优先,所以第一是「释放民运人士」;其次是「平反八九民运」,因为争取民主不是罪,故争取平反,多年来一直以争取这两个纲领为基础;发展下去便是「追究屠城责任」丶「结束一党专政」,最终达致「建设民主中国」。
控方追问,关称五大纲领以「释放民运人士」为先,但支联会是否从来没有放弃过其馀四个纲领,尤其是「结束一党专政」。关肯定回应,支联会从无放弃任何一个纲领。
根据控罪,支联会及该会正丶副主席李卓人丶何俊仁和邹幸彤四名被告,被指於2020年7月1日至2021年9月8日期间,在香港煽动他人参与实施以非法手段颠覆国家政权的行为,即推翻或破坏中国的根本制度或中央政权机关。

© Kenny Holston/The New York Times
中国和巴基斯坦周二(3月31号)呼吁立即结束中东战争,并提出一项五点计划,其中包括停火和尽快开启和谈。法新社报道称,中巴两国已将自身定位为调解人,以防止当前冲突升级。美国总统唐纳德·特朗普称对伊朗的战争可能即将结束。
巴基斯坦此前曾表示,愿意为华盛顿和德黑兰之间的和平谈判提供便利。在其副总理兼外交部长达尔(Ishaq Dar)周二访问北京,与中国外长王毅举行会谈后,两国提出“关于恢复波斯湾和中东地区和平稳定的五点倡议”,内容包括:立即停止敌对行动:允许人道救援物资进入所有受战争影响的区域;尽快开启和谈;确保非军事目标安全:呼吁冲突各方立即停止针对平民和非军事目标的攻击,全面遵守国际人道法,停止对能源、海水淡化、电力等重要基础设施和核电厂等和平核设施的攻击;确保航道安全:呼吁各方保护滞留在霍尔木兹海峡以内海域的船只和船员安全,安排民商事船只尽快安全通过,尽快恢复海峡正常通航。确保联合国宪章的首要地位。
中国方面表示,外长王毅和巴基斯坦外长“将加强在伊朗问题以及其他共同关心的国际和地区问题上的战略沟通与协调”。
据路透社,达尔此次访华是在巴基斯坦周日与土耳其、埃及和沙特阿拉伯举行会谈之后,以及特朗普警告伊朗,如果伊朗不开放霍尔木兹海峡,美国将“摧毁”伊朗的油井和发电厂之后进行的。
德黑兰拒绝承认与华盛顿展开正式对话,但根据半官方塔斯尼姆通讯社(Tasnim News Agency)引述匿名消息人士说法,德黑兰已经针对美国总统特朗普的终战15点计划,透过巴基斯坦向美方提交其回覆。
王毅周二对巴基斯坦的调解努力表示欢迎,称中国支持巴基斯坦在缓和紧张局势和帮助恢复和平谈判方面发挥重要作用,并期待巴基斯坦发挥重要作用。
据中国外交部声明,王毅对达尔表示: “中方愿同巴方一道克服困难,扫清障碍,尽快结束战争,创造和平机遇,开启和平谈判之窗。”
中东战争已经进入第二个月,据路透社报道,美国总统唐纳德·特朗普和国务卿马可·卢比奥表示,对伊朗的战争可能即将结束,华盛顿方面暗示,即使没有达成协议,也可能与德黑兰领导层进行直接对话,并逐步结束冲突。
路透社评论指出,这些言论凸显了华盛顿方面反复无常、有时甚至自相矛盾的表态,即这场已造成数千人死亡、蔓延至整个地区并造成前所未有的能源破坏的战争何时以及如何结束。
白宫宣布,美国总统将于周三晚间(格林尼治标准时间周四凌晨1点)向全国发表讲话,“提供有关伊朗的重要信息”。
周三,伊朗、以色列、海湾国家和黎巴嫩等多个战线均报告了新的袭击事件。黎巴嫩卫生部称,以色列对贝鲁特地区的两次空袭,已造成至少7人死亡。
美国驻港澳总领事馆就港府修订国安法律丶令拒绝向执法人员交出个人电子装置及密码者须面对刑事检控一事发出警告,并呼吁美国公民一旦被扣押或被捕,应接触领事馆;此项「安全警告」发出两日後,中国驻港特派员崔建春「约见」美国驻港总领事伊珠丽(Julie Eadeh),表示强烈不满和坚决反对。有关态度和回应速度均较上次强硬和快速。
港府於一星期前修订国安法第43条的实施细则,并即日生效,当中主要扩大执行国安法律的执法部门及权力,而最受争议的,是赋权执法人员可以在有合理怀疑的情况下,着令任何人士交出手机丶电脑等个人电子装置,以及密码,又或协助当局解锁。美国驻港总领事馆於上周四(3月26日)就此发出安全警告(security alert),强调任何人士包括进入或过境香港的美国公民。
而在美国之前,台湾的大陆委员会已透过发言人讲话的方式,指新修订侵犯人权,提醒民众赴港要慎思。
不过,中国外交部驻港公署单是挑美国的做法作出回应。在港美领发出安全警告两日後,公署表示,指已约见美领伊珠丽提出严正交涉,除反对外,更敦促美方立即停止以任何形式干预香港事务和干涉中国内政。
有趣的是,公署公告的中文版虽然是用「约见」,但英文版用的却是正式外交用词「summoned」(标准译法是「召见」),其用词较上一次丶伊珠丽去年履新後邀请前政务司长陈方安生等人出席欢迎酒会时强,当时的英文用语是「met」,中文版则一样是「约见」。而发布的位置亦由上次的「特派员活动」项下,改到今次的「公署表态」项下;另外,回应的时间亦快了很多。有人认为,这是反映外交公署对伊珠丽的不满有所升级;但亦有人估计是对事,即针对国安法作出批评更能挑动中国神经。

Bloomberg via Getty ImagesEstate agents have accused Rightmove of charging "unsustainable" fees, with some saying their charges have more than doubled in recent years.
The online listing portal is now being pursued in a class action, launched by accountant Jeremy Newman on behalf of potentially hundreds of estate agents.
The BBC understands a letter of claim has been sent to Rightmove seeking just under £1.5bn in damages, claiming the website has "abused a dominant position" in the online property portal market.
Rightmove said the claim was "without merit, and we will defend it vigorously", adding it is "confident in the value we provide to our partners and consumers."
The claim alleges that Rightmove has charged thousands of estate agents and new home developers excessive and unfair subscription fees, and action has been filed in the Competition Appeal Tribunal.


Newman claims hundreds of estate agents are reporting a rise in fees with little change in the services they are receiving while they have been "squeezed" over the past few years by flat property prices.
"Estate agents are having to employ fewer people because they can't afford them alongside their fees to Rightmove," said Newman, who is also a former Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) panel member. "As a result, their services can't be as effective."
Rightmove has consistently reported a profit margin of around 70%, making it one of the most profitable companies in the FTSE 100.
The company's own consumer research suggests it has an 80% share of time spent on property portals.
Newman said the class action was not about arguing Rightmove should not exist, as it has "an important function in the property market".
But he added: "Rightmove is exploiting a self-evident dominant market position, and are charging too much for it."
The BBC has reviewed evidence from five estate agents suggesting there have been sharp rises in fees.
Many other agents report that Rightmove is significantly more expensive than other platforms, yet acknowledge it delivers most of their leads.
Many say they are struggling to absorb the costs but feel they have little choice.
On its website, Rightmove claims it gives agents "access and brand exposure to the UK's largest and most engaged home-moving audience."
A Rightmove spokesperson said the firm was "confident in the value we provide to our partners and consumers, who are at the core of our business solutions and digital platform."
"As one of the most efficient parts of the UK housing market, we help people across the UK to move home by bringing buyers, sellers, renters, landlords and agents together.
"Our platform continues to provide a growing range of constantly evolving products and features which facilitate market transparency, liquidity and confidence."


Alisa Zotimova is founder of AZ Real Estate, a London-based Bespoke Property Consultants and Estate Agents.
Zotimova said her fees have "more than doubled" in seven years.
She started with a reduced promotional rate which later increased significantly.
Whilst this was "no secret", she described this rise as "unsustainable".
"You don't have to sign up but it feels like I'm pushed into a bit of a corner with my customers expecting me to use it," she said.
If smaller agents cannot afford these sorts of fees, Zotimova said that would have knock-on effects for the housing market.
"For buyers, sellers, tenants and landlords there will be higher fees, less choice of agents if smaller ones can't compete," she said.
When Zotimova heard about the legal action she decided she didn't want to opt out.
"It feels a bit David and Goliath, now it seems there is maybe a chance," she said.
Chris, who owns two estate agents in Northamptonshire, is being charged more than £5000 a month for a basic membership, allowing him to advertise about 30-50 properties online.
He says his fees are the equivalent of two full time members of staff salaries per month.
"It's a lot of money to find every single month," he said, adding that the costs ultimately get passed on to clients.
"When you're trying to run and operate a small business and a particular company has complete control of that business, is a challenge," Chris said.
He accepts Rightmove is the "number one portal" but said costs shouldn't be determined by the company.
"We just have to continue to cut back and make savings in other areas to facilitate the juggernaut that is Rightmove," he said.
Andy Keogh, an estate agent in the Midlands, believes the platform gives "value for money". He said 80% of his leads come from Rightmove which has a "monopoly on the market".
From June, his fees will go up from £1710 to £1850 a month, for up to 40 properties in sales and lettings.
"If you don't like it, don't use them. Agents who are moaning would struggle with their business if they decided to come off it," Keogh said.
He acknowledged that for lettings, Zoopla is much cheaper, which charges £450-500 a month.

iStockAround 2.7 million people are set to receive a pay rise this week as the national minimum wage goes up by 50p to £12.71 for over 21s.
Workers aged 18-20 will see an 85p rise to £10.85, and under-18s and apprentices will get 45p more to £8 an hour.
Campaigners have welcomed the increases, but businesses have said the higher wage bills will force them to increase prices or cut staff.
The Low Pay Commission, the government agency which recommended the increases, said previous minimum wage rises for over-21s had "not had a significant negative impact on jobs".
Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer said wages were going up "for the lowest paid" but said the government "must go further to bear down on costs".
Spencer Bowman is the managing director of of Mettricks, a chain of four coffee shops in Southampton. He says he would normally be "thrilled" to pay staff more, but "the cost increases have got to be sustainable".
"There's nothing that I'd want more than to ensure that my team can earn a really fair amount of money for a fair day's work. And it's been one of my long-term ambitions to see hospitality workers, my employees, paid far more."
But Spencer says his business is being squeezed from every angle – as well as minimum wage, he has had increases in business rates, national insurance, and statutory sick pay. He also expects energy bills to go up because of the war in the Middle East.
"We're running on a minimum number of staff on shift. We can't run on fewer people," he says.
"If something doesn't give somewhere, we will be closing sites.


"It doesn't make any sense. Revenue is up. Our customer numbers are up. But our costs everywhere have hit a point where we're not financially sustainable and if that continues, there's only one outcome for that."
The minimum wage increases are on top of a 6.7% rise for over-21s and a 16.3% rise for 18 to 20-year-olds respectively last year, when there was also a rise in employers' National Insurance contributions.
Ministers are considering slowing down plans to pay adults of all ages the same minimum wage.
Labour committed in their election manifesto to remove "discretionary age bands" and increase the wages of 18 to 20-year-olds so they are paid the same as those over 21.
Ifunanya Ezechukwu, 25, calls the minimum wage rise a "step in the right direction".
"Especially with the cost of living being really bad, people need more money so they can actually afford the basics," she tells BBC Newsbeat.
She doesn't think employers paying staff more will necessarily translate to fewer job opportunities.
"I feel like they're probably just going to up the prices of their services, so I don't think there'll be less job opportunities," she says.
"I just feel like some things might get more expensive, which is unfortunate, and then the cycle just continues."


Alex McCarthy, a university student who works part-time in a pub, says he is feeling "very, very happy" about the rise.
But the 18-year-old says it probably won't be enough for some of his friends, who are working while living at university but are still struggling to do weekly shops and are having to borrow money off their parents.
Amelia Evans, 18, believes the rise is necessary because "everything is going up in price". But she is concerned it will limit her job opportunities.
"So far this year I think I've done maybe 20 applications, and haven't got any. I feel like it's going to impact me even more now."
When Chancellor Rachel Reeves announced the increases in the Budget last year, she said the cost of living was still the biggest issue for working people.
"The economy isn't working well enough for those on the lowest incomes," she added.
At the time, the Treasury said the new minimum wage rates for 2026 struck a balance between "the needs of workers, the affordability for businesses and the opportunities for employment".
The Living Wage Foundation has welcomed the rises but says they do not go far enough.
The Foundation calculates what is known as the Real Living Wage, which it says is a more accurate reflection of the cost of living in the UK. It currently stands at £13.45 across the UK and £14.80 in London.
Kate Chapman, the executive director of the Living Wage Foundation, said one in seven businesses now pay the Real Living Wage.
"That's because they know the Living Wage is good for people, good for society and good for business," she said.
The British Chamber of Commerce has said that tax and labour costs are the biggest concerns for British businesses.
In its quarterly survey of 4,000 firms, 73% said labour costs are putting pressure on them to raise prices.
Additional reporting by Georgia Levy-Collins, Lizzy Bella, and Jemma Crew

Getty ImagesSeveral household bills have gone up in April - although energy costs have fallen for now.
At the same time, minimum wage has gone up and and there are upcoming increases in benefits for many lower-income billpayers.
Prescription charges in England have also been frozen, and councils will be able to give cash payouts people struggling with the rising cost of living from a Crisis and Resilience Fund.
Here's a guide to the bill changes and how they affect you.
Typical household energy bills have fallen by 7% between April and July, following a shake-up in charges by the government.
Nearly everyone in England, Wales and Scotland is benefiting from the cut irrespective of their tariff, although the amounts will vary between households.
For a household on a tariff governed by regulator Ofgem's price cap, and using a typical amount of gas and electricity, the annual bill will drop to £1,641.


The bill drop will only be temporary. The impact of the Iran war means that prices will increase sharply in July.
The latest forecast by analysts at energy consultancy Cornwall Insight suggests the household with typical energy use will pay £1,929 a year from July, an 18% rise.
Council tax is a compulsory charge on properties in England, Scotland and Wales.
It is rising by an average of 4.9% for households in England. That means the average council tax for a Band D property in England will increase to £2,392 a year, up £111 on last year.
Many councils are allowed to increase bills by up to 5%, but seven have been given government permission to implement bigger hikes to help address a "challenging financial position".
There are some exemptions and discounts, for example for someone living alone and homes occupied only by students, which helps lower the cost for some.
A host of local authorities in Scotland have increased council tax sharply.
Wales now sees a 4.9% average increase in council tax.
Northern Ireland uses a domestic rates system instead of council tax. All of Northern Ireland's councils have reported increases in their district rates.
The average annual water bill in England and Wales has increased by £33 to £639, according to industry trade body, Water UK.
The amounts vary sharply in different areas, and come after hefty rises in large parts of the country a year ago.
Water bills in Scotland have risen by an average of £42 a year (up 8.7%), taking the average bill to £532 a year.
Consumer groups say people can cut bills by checking if they are eligible for discounted tariffs, trialling a water meter, and by saving water, for example, by setting a time limit on showers.
BT, EE, Plusnet and Virgin Media are all hiking broadband prices by £4 a month, Sky by £3, and Vodafone by £3.50 - adding nearly £50 per year to bills.
Additionally, one in four broadband customers are out of contract, paying up to £9 per month more than those in contract.
Mobile phone providers also tend to have mid-contact price rises written into contracts, so many billpayers face increases.
The cost of a TV licence has increased from £174.50 to £180 a year.
Standard Vehicle Excise Duty (VED), for cars registered after April 2017, has increased from £195 to £200.
The exact amount for your vehicle excise duty will depend on the year your car was registered.
It applies to all fuel types, including electric vehicles which lost their tax-free status last year.
In addition, an annual supplement of £440 should be paid on cars with a list price of more than £40,000, or £50,000 for EVs.
Air Passenger Duty is a tax on flights which depart from the UK, paid by aircraft operators. The cost is usually passed onto passengers with their ticket price.
The duty is increasing across most fare bands, with different amounts charged dependant on the distance of the flight.
The government has kept in place the freeze on tax thresholds on income tax.
This means more people start paying tax - or move into higher tax brackets - as wages rise.
The Conservatives initially froze thresholds until 2028-29 and then in November Labour extended that until 2031.
The move raises additional revenue to pay for public services but is often called a stealth tax by economists because it increases the tax take without a government having to put up rates.
The BBC has created a calculator to see how your pay could be affected.
The calculator applies to employees in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Tax bands in Scotland are different, and self-employed workers are taxed differently.

Getty ImagesAs the war in the Middle East enters its second month, choking the world's energy supply and sending oil prices soaring, China is trying to step in as a peacemaker.
It comes as President Donald Trump says US military action in Iran could end in "two to three weeks", but there is no clear sense yet of how that will happen or what comes after.
China joins Pakistan, which has emerged as an unlikely mediator in the US-Israel war against Iran. Officials in Beijing and Islamabad have presented a five-point plan with the aim of bringing about a ceasefire and re-opening the vital Strait of Hormuz.
Pakistan, which has been a US ally in the past, seems to have won over Trump to mediate this conflict.
Beijing, however, is entering the fray as a rival to Washington, and ahead of a crucial trade talks between Xi Jinping and Donald Trump next month.
China's backing on this is "very important," says Zhu Yongbiao, a Middle East expert and director of the Centre for Afghanistan Studies at Lanzhou University.
"Morally, politically and diplomatically, China is providing comprehensive support with the hope that Pakistan can play a more distinctive role."
It is also a turnaround for Beijing, whose official response to the war has so far been quite muted. So why is China stepping in now?

Getty ImagesThe peace plan was drafted after Pakistan's foreign minister flew to Beijing to ask for Chinese support for the country's efforts to negotiate an end to this conflict.
His efforts appear to have worked. China's Foreign Ministry said the two were making "new efforts towards advocating for peace." The joint statement agreed that dialogue and diplomacy were "the only viable option to resolve conflicts", and it called for waterways, including the blockaded strait, to be protected.
It's not just about oil, although that will be a concern. China, the biggest importer of crude oil in the world, has enough stockpiled to get it through the next few months.
Beijing will likely have decided to play the role of peacemaker because the war in Iran jeopardises something Xi covets: stability. China needs a stable global economy as it is heavily reliant on selling goods around the world as it tries to revive an ailing domestic economy.
"If the rest of the world begins to slow down economically because of an energy shock, that's going to be tough for China's factories and exporters," says Matt Pottinger, Chairman of the Foundation for Defense of Democracy's China Program.
"That's why I think when I see China's foreign minister just this week advising Iran that we need to find a way to end this war, I think there's some sincerity there. I think that Beijing is a little bit worried about where this could lead if it turns into a real energy shock that is protracted."
There are already fears that China's industrial heartland, which serves as the factory of the world, will be impacted in the long term if this crisis continues.
Paying a higher price for oil affects the whole supply chain, from the plastics needed to make toys and games, to the raw materials for modern synthetic fabrics, to the hundreds of components that go into phones, electric cars and semiconductors.

ReutersThe US trade war with China during Trump's first term led many business owners across the country to look for new markets around the world.
As a result, China's exports to the Middle East grew nearly twice as fast as its exports to the rest of the world last year. The region has become the fastest growing market for electric cars, and China is also the largest investor in desalination in the Middle East, where potable water is scarce.
The Power Construction Corporation of China has projects in Saudi Arabia, the Emirates, Oman and Iraq.
As a result of its economic ties, China has cultivated relationships across the region with both US allies, such as Saudi Arabia, and foes, such as Iran.
Tehran and Beijing have a partnership dating back decades. China is Iran's leading trade partner and it buys around 80% of Iranian oil.
The Chinese government has played the role of peacemaker in the Middle East before, with limited success.
In 2023 it brokered a deal between bitter rivals Saudi Arabia and Iran, which lave long stood on opposing sides in proxy wars in the Middle East. They severed ties in 2016 when Saudi Arabia executed a prominent Shia Muslim scholar, triggering protests in Iran with crowds attacking its embassy in Tehran.
After China took up the mantel as mediator, the two sides agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations. This was in China's interest. Beijing will have hoped that better diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran would reduce the likelihood for regional tensions.
A year later, Beijing played host to the leaders of 14 Palestinian factions, including Fatah and Hamas. The talks resulted in a national unity government for the occupied West Bank and Gaza.
The declaration was more an expression of intent rather than a comprehensive agreement, but once again, it highlighted the role China can play in the region, and its interest in stability in the Middle East.

NurPhoto via Getty ImagesChina's partnerships across the world come with no security guarantees or military backing.
For Beijing, its economy comes first - and it is this economic interdependence with countries across the region which gives it leverage and helps it project some influence.
"China is cautious about being drawn into broader conflicts," says Zhu. "Its priority, both domestically and in foreign policy, is economic development. There is a broad consensus that China shouldn't recklessly get involved in a war."
But this approach has its limits. China doesn't have the military capabilities in the region to step in even if it wished to do so.
The US has bases in each of the Gulf states. China's closest base is in Djibouti in East Africa and was only established in 2017. It is a logistics hub for anti-piracy operations rather than a base for projecting power.
During the Israel-Iran war in 2025, China stayed on the sidelines and offered minimal support revealing the limitations of its role as a partner.
As for this latest peace plan, both the US and Iran have yet to respond, but pushing forward this initiative allows Xi to play the role of neutral broker and peacemaker - and once again stand in contrast to the leader of the other major superpower, the US.
Beijing's credibility to portray itself as a pragmatic international player comes with plenty of caveats. Its alignment with Russia has consistently sparked questions about its neutrality. Its increasing control of Hong Kong and its repeated threats to take self-governed Taiwan by force if required are still huge concerns.
And China's authoritarian leaders avoid any discussion about human rights, and never condemn regimes for rights abuses or misuse of power. All of this makes it President Xi an unlikely spokesperson for a global rules-based order.
But China is a powerful global player driven by strategic interests. It has shown it has some influence in the Middle East, and it certainly has ambitions to gain more leverage in the future.
各位听众,中国腾讯在国内和国际市场上大幅增加了对电子游戏行业的收购和投资。受到玩家追捧的电子游戏从《使命召唤 (Call of Duty)》到《战地风云系列(Battlefield)》,一般他们都会根据地缘政治和市场情况调整其“反派”和英雄角色;通常是俄罗斯或中国或伊朗或日本,甚至是一些虚拟国家,因为如今市场利益为导向的视频游戏开发商,试图在不断变化的地缘政治格局中避免冒犯某些市场。
战争题材电子游戏长期以来一直主导着全球电子游戏市场,直至如今仍是该市场的旗舰类型之一。从销量超过5亿份的《使命召唤 (Call of Duty)》系列,到全球销量达数千万份的《战地风云系列(Battlefield)》系列,这一类型具备了游戏所有成功的要素,例如:紧张刺激的节奏、好莱坞式的壮观画面,以及毫不迟疑地打出令人惊艳的大阵仗的宏伟戏剧手法。
这些电子游戏以全球冲突为背景,从历史事件到虚构事件,再到重现的特种作战和虚构的地缘政治危机,让玩家置身于壮观的战争中心,打仗动作为首要,但也细致夹带这某些世界观以及国际权力关系的愿景。
然而,如今最细心的玩家或许已经注意到一个重要的细节:那些扮演敌人角色的已经发生了变化。就像电影一样,电子游戏也早已有了现成的替罪羊。多年来,“苏联”或后苏联时代的俄罗斯人一直被系统性地妖魔化。例如,在《使命召唤》系列的多款游戏中,我们都能找到像扎卡耶夫 Zakhaev 或马卡洛夫 Makarov 这样的极端民族主义反派分子,像德拉戈维奇 Dragovich, 这样的苏联将军,甚至是像克拉夫琴科这样的格鲁乌军官。
这种设定在其他系列游戏中也屡见不鲜。在《武装突袭2》中,亲俄叛军与受美国和北约支持的当地部队展开对抗。同样的逻辑也适用于该系列最著名的作品之一《战地3》,玩家将先后遭遇俄罗斯特种部队、俄罗斯狙击手,甚至还有……伊朗军队的崛起。与此同时,玩家还要与一名部署在伊拉克的美国海军陆战队员并肩作战。这种电子游戏“反派”的设定在《战地4》中得以延续,玩家在游戏中操控的英雄们的对手变成了中国海军上将张伟,也就是策划推翻当前中国政府的张伟。
里昂让·穆兰大学战略与国防研究所的研究员布莱恩·卡拉法蒂安向法国新闻电视台BFM指出,“美国电子游戏产业直接将敌人定义为恐怖组织或正规军,为年轻玩家创造了一个虚构的世界。这反映了冷战以来一直延续的文化,这种文化塑造了公众对国际关系的看法。”
战争游戏,地缘政治游戏 换句话说,在大多数战争题材电子游戏中看到相同的敌人并不奇怪。许多游戏确实是美国制作的,或者至少是西方文化的产物。因此,它们自然反映了这种世界观。
“许多军事射击游戏借鉴了与好莱坞电影非常相似的意象:西方士兵作为英雄,敌人往往是刻板印象,冲突也被简化了。这不一定是直接的宣传,但它有助于传播某种地缘政治的叙事。”政治学研究员暨欧洲电子游戏观察站创始人奥利维尔·毛科 Olivier Mauco如此解释道。
有时,叙事与现实的联系会更加紧密,模糊虚构与现实之间的界限。《使命召唤:现代战争2》便是如此,它是备受赞誉的《使命召唤》系列的第19集,也是重启之作《使命召唤:现代战争》的续集。在其中一个任务中,玩家目睹了一枚导弹袭击,目标是一名虚构的伊朗军官戈尔布拉尼 Ghorbrani。这一场景发生在以中东为灵感的沙漠地带,位于虚构的阿达尔共和国的阿尔马兹拉地区。戈尔布拉尼被设定为一名与俄罗斯进行武器走私的军官。
然而,这一幕清晰地提醒人们注意一个真实世界里的一起刺杀事件:伊朗将军卡西姆·苏莱曼尼被暗杀。2020年1月,他被美国无人机袭击巴格达国际机场身亡,此次行动由美国总统唐纳德·特朗普下令。
此次袭击还夺去了伊拉克人民动员部队(PMF)副指挥官阿布·马赫迪·穆罕迪斯的生命。甚至连游戏中虚构人物的名字似乎都与一位真实的伊朗军官:优素福·戈尔巴尼将军 Yousef Ghorbani遥相呼应。在这个案例中,这款电子游戏不再仅仅是虚构一场冲突,而是灵感直接受到了当前地缘政治事件的启发。
另一款游戏《战地3》也是以伊朗为背景。该游戏描绘了对伊朗首都的空袭,包括装甲车和战斗机作战,玩家扮演美国海军陆战队。游戏发行后,伊朗当局决定在其境内全面禁售这款热门射击游戏。
敌人角色定位正在逐渐改变
但那些来自在这些场景中常被描绘成“反派”国家的玩家又该如何看待呢?对于年轻的中国或俄罗斯玩家来说,用像素轰炸自己的同胞而没有丝毫隔阂感是很难的。而对于大型游戏工作室而言,失去这些玩家群众就意味着巨大的收入损失。
据估计,中国目前拥有超过6亿游戏玩家,而俄罗斯也拥有近6000万。诚然,并非所有玩家都玩战争游戏,但这样的数字足以吸引投资者,有时因为了适应这些群众,甚至会促使发行商调整游戏中的战争题材。
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“电子游戏可以进行调整以保护特定市场的准入。例如,《使命召唤》系列游戏会虚构国家或修改地图,以避免直接点名领导人或敌人,以免引发法律或外交摩擦,或阻碍投资和国际市场扩张。”法国全天候新闻电视技术台BFM Tech 的工作人员 Brian Kalafatian如此解释道。
的确,虚构国家通常比冒犯现实国家要容易得多。电子游戏工作室经常这样做。例如,《使命召唤》系列游戏中就存在卡斯托维或乌尔兹克斯坦这样的虚构国家。而在最近的《战地6》中,编剧甚至虚构了像“Pax Armata”这样的私人武装组织。
在《武装突袭》系列军事模拟游戏 也长期采用这种手法。玩家在虚构的领土上把玩作战,例如切尔纳鲁斯、塔基斯坦,或是虚构的阿尔提斯共和国和斯特拉提斯共和国的岛屿。这种方式既能描绘受真实事件启发而发生的冲突,又能保持一定的现实生活中外交距离。
电子游戏的革命?
有时,决定改编游戏的不再是游戏工作室,而是收购它们的公司。过去几年,中国企业在电子游戏市场表现得尤为活跃。巨头腾讯持有Epic Games约28%的股份,这家美国电子游戏与软件开发公司工开发了《堡垒之夜》、《火箭联盟》或者《虚幻引擎 Unreal Engine 》。腾讯还全资拥有Riot Games(它是创作《英雄联盟》游戏的开发商),接着腾讯还进攻芬兰的游戏工作室Supercell(它是创作游戏市场受欢迎的《部落冲突》和《荒野乱斗》等热门手游项目的开发商)。
腾讯大幅增购并投资法国电子游戏发行商
中国集团腾讯也通过其内部团队开发游戏,其中最著名的当属天美工作室,该工作室打造了《王者荣耀 Honor of Kings 》和《使命召唤手游》等全球热门游戏。但腾讯的影响力远不止 于此:该公司在中国和国际市场上都大幅增加了对电子游戏行业的收购和投资。例如,腾讯持有法国发行商育碧 Ubisoft 的股份(约10%),此外还持有育碧旗下首个创意工作室Vantage Studios的 25%股份,该工作室负责开发《刺客信条》、《孤岛惊魂》和《彩虹六号》等系列游戏),这表明腾讯在游戏这一高度战略性行业中的重要性日益凸显。
简而言之,当游戏开发工作室由中国公司所有时,很难塑造出中国为反派角色的游戏。但本土玩家也不甘示弱。几周前,一款名为《十四年烈焰》(Fourteen Years of Flames)的中国电子游戏的首支预告片在网上发布,该游戏被宣传为“一款以故事驱动的第一人称射击游戏,重现了中国在第二次中日战争(1931-1945)期间的艰苦斗争”。
中国奉行长期战略逐步投资国内继而国际市场
在其Steam商店页面上,我们看到的事,游戏商宣称“玩家将扮演7个关键角色,参与16个真实的历史事件,体验14年斗争中所经历的艰辛与牺牲。”布莱恩·卡拉法蒂安解释说:“另一方面,中国奉行的是长期战略:逐步投资,开发具有文化意义的游戏,并首先专注于国内市场,然后再将产品推向国际市场。”
法国专家布莱恩总结道:“这是一种精心策划的做法,类似于中国企业逐步融入国际市场的商业化进程,其目的是通过文化和历史的正常化来施加软实力,同时最大限度地发挥经济和战略影响力。”
如今,出于避免冒犯某些市场和文化再投资的考量,电子游戏正日益成为一种政治工具,进而成为重塑历史和记忆的手段。
Any support the government offers to help people with high energy bills pushed up by the Iran war would be based on household income, the chancellor has told the BBC.
Wholesale oil and gas prices have soared over the past month, with supply from the Middle East severely disrupted. While household energy bills are set to fall in April under Ofgem's price cap, there is likely to be a big jump over the summer.
Rachel Reeves said it was "too early" to say exactly who would get help but hinted any support would not arrive until the autumn.
However, she refused to promise any immediate support for drivers, emphasising the need to keep the public finances under control.
Last week, Reeves confirmed that any help with gas and electricity bills would be targeted at "those who need it most", rather than the universal support that was rolled out by Liz Truss's government in 2022.
In a new interview with BBC Breakfast, she said: "I want to learn the lessons of the past because when Russia invaded Ukraine, the richest, the best-off third of households got more than a third of the support. That makes no sense at all."
Reeves acknowledged that gas usage would go up in the autumn – when Ofgem's current price cap for households in England, Scotland and Wales expires. The next price cap is yet to be announced but is expected to increase significantly.
"From July to September, gas usage, especially by families and pensioners, is the lowest of any months of the year because it is the summer months," she said.
When asked if support could go beyond people who receive benefits, Reeves said: "We're looking at ways in which we can support people based on their household income."
But the chancellor refused to commit to cutting fuel duty or VAT on petrol, saying she had to be "careful" with promises to lower prices for everyone because it risked pushing up inflation, interest rates and taxes in the future.
She added that the best way to bring prices down for people was for the conflict to come to an end and for the Strait of Hormuz to reopen. The Strait is a key waterway that usually carries a fifth of the world's oil and liquefied natural gas but has been effectively closed since the war began.
"That is why Keir Starmer is absolutely right to not get us dragged into a war that we didn't start because of the impact it has on people here at home," she said.
The Conservatives have called on the government to remove VAT from household energy bills for the next three years to help ease the cost of living.
Reform UK has also promised to scrap VAT and green levies on household energy bills if the party were to win power.
The Liberal Democrats have said they would cut household energy bills by changing how new renewable projects are paid for, in order to break the link between gas prices and energy costs.
The Green Party has said ministers should guarantee bills will not rise in July, when the price cap is updated, with the costs funded by hiking taxes on capital gains, and tightening an existing tax on energy firms' profits.
Plaid Cymru has also called for broader direct support for households when bills rise above the current price cap. It also supports long-term investment in renewables to break the link between electricity and gas prices.
The SNP argues that Holyrood should control energy policy and claims that independence is the best route to lowering Scotland's energy bills.


Getty Images"People going up to the Moon is kind of cool," eight-year-old Isiah says.
He is among the 400,000 people expected to cram the causeways, beaches and motel balconies of Florida's Space Coast for the launch attempt of Artemis II tonight.
They will watch as four astronauts blast into space in the hope of flying around the Moon and potentially travelling further from Earth than anyone has ever been before.
Nasa's 10-day test flight will not land on the Moon. However, the crew may witness views of the lunar landscapes that have never been seen by human eyes.
Amanda Garcia has travelled more than 1,000 miles from New Mexico to witness the launch. "I'm pretty excited about it," she tells us.
"I came out here to see it, and I heard it's gonna be a great show. A lot of people are going to be here."

Kevin Church/BBC NewsBeyond the Kennedy Space Centre launch site, along the lagoon and beaches of Titusville and Cocoa Beach, bars are advertising "moonshots" and hotels are warning guests to expect long delays getting to and from viewing spots.
Local officials talk of a "historic influx" of tourists and an economic impact of around $160m (£121m), putting traffic plans in place for a night when the highway lights will compete with the glow of floodlit launch towers as well as camper van barbecues.
A mile or so from the pads where Artemis II will light up the sky, Brenda Mulberry, owner of Space Shirts, has been selling Nasa T-shirts and souvenirs for 40 years.
In her small shop on Merritt Island, racks of orange, blue and black T-shirts depict hand drawn rockets, mission patches and moonscapes, ready for the crowds who arrive on regular launch days. But this launch is different, she tells us. "We've wanted to go back to the Moon since the '70s. People are excited. People are beyond excited," she said.
Brenda says she has stocked up for the biggest surge of customers she has ever seen.
"I want to have the first T-shirt shop on the Moon," she says. "Because if you've been there, you get the T-shirt, right?" she adds, laughing.

Pallab Ghosh/BBC NewsFuture Artemis missions plan to land humans on the Moon for the first time since 1972. But this time, the goal is to build a permanent Moon base to exploit its natural resources and provide a springboard for an attempt to reach Mars.
Artemis II's mission commander, Reid Wiseman, said he hoped the effort to return to the Moon would inspire a new generation.
"In our lifetime, we've looked at the Moon knowing that people had been there. And now in the Artemis generation, kids will walk out and look at the Moon going, we are there. We are there now, and we are going further into our solar system."

Joe Raedle/Getty ImagesTonight, all attention will turn to Launch Pad 39B - the same historic stretch of concrete from which the US Apollo programme first landed men on the Moon in 1969. Standing on the pad is Nasa's Space Launch System (SLS) rocket.
At 98m (321ft) tall, the white and orange giant is the heaviest rocket the agency has ever launched. At its top sits Orion, a capsule about the size of a small van, where the four astronauts will spend the next 10 days in close proximity. It will be the first time the capsule has been put through its paces with a human crew on board.
If all goes to schedule, the rocket will launch between 18:24-20:24 local time (23:24-01:24 BST) on Wednesday.
The astronauts who will strap into Orion about four hours before launch have spent years training together.
Up front, on the left hand side will be Wiseman, the Artemis II commander, while pilot Victor Glover will sit beside him. Behind them will be Christina Koch and Jeremy Hansen, a Canadian fighter pilot turned astronaut. This will be his first trip into space.
After reaching orbit, Orion spends its first day in high Earth orbit practising manual flying and testing life support before shaping its path towards the Moon.
On Day 2, a long trans-lunar injection burn puts the spacecraft onto a free return trajectory that would naturally loop it around the Moon and back to Earth, with small correction burns fine tuning the course.

AFP via Getty ImagesEach day of the mission involves different tests and challenges for the crew.
Day 6 stands out because Orion is due to fly around the far side of the moon. All radio contact will be lost for about 40 minutes, meaning flight controllers won't know what is happening on board.
Orion will be travelling about 4,000–6,000 miles above the Moon's surface and may slightly exceed Apollo 13's record distance of about 250,000 miles (400,000km) from Earth, depending on the exact trajectory.
In the days that follow, Orion will be pulled naturally back towards Earth by the same free return trajectory that sent it out, with small course adjustment burns ensuring the capsule hits the atmosphere at just the right angle.
On the final day, the crew will strap in for the most brutal part of the trip: re-entry into Earth's atmosphere at about 25,000mph (40,000 km/h), when Orion's heat shield must again face temperatures hot enough to char rock.

NASAAfter the first uncrewed test flight, Artemis I, engineers found that chunks of the heat shield's coating had cracked and broken away during a two‑stage "skip" re‑entry manoeuvre. This saw the capsule dip into the upper atmosphere, briefly climb again, then plunge back in so as to best cope with the heat, G-forces and splashdown accuracy needed.
For Artemis II they are keeping this two‑step re-entry, but changing the angle and timing so Orion spends less time in the initial, gentler dip. Modelling suggests this should reduce the heating and loads that caused extra charring, but this will be the first time the revised descent is flown with a crew.
If Artemis II is a success, the next time the Space Coast fills up like this it will be for another test flight – another step closer to people actually walking on the Moon again, half a century after the last footprints were made.
And somewhere between the marsh grass and the launch pads, there will almost certainly be someone wearing one of Brenda Mulberry's shirts, already dreaming of the day when her logo appears not just on Florida cotton, but in a photograph taken on the Moon.

Getty ImagesRapper Megan Thee Stallion had to be taken to hospital mid-way through her performance of Moulin Rouge! The Musical, in New York on Tuesday night, her representative has confirmed.
"Megan started feeling very ill and was promptly transported to a local hospital, where her symptoms are currently being evaluated," the spokesperson told US media outlets.
"We will share additional updates as more information becomes available."
The musician, 31, is performing as Zidler – the show's eccentric master of ceremonies – marking her highly anticipated Broadway debut.
Her hair stylist, Kellon Deryck, wrote on X: "Everyone say a prayer for Megan, we are all at the hospital."
Megan Thee Stallion, whose real name is Megan Pete, is scheduled to play Zidler until 17 May, the Moulin Rouge website says. Ahead of her premiere, she expressed excitement for briefly substituting concerts with theatre performances.
'HOTTIES IM ON BROADWAY!!" she wrote on social media after her first performance on 24 March, referencing her fanbase, called the "hotties".
Megan Thee Stallion is best-known for hits including Savage, WAP and Body.
In 2021, she won three Grammy awards for Best Rap Song, Best New Artist and Best Rap Performance. The following year she was nominated for Album of the Year.
Harold Zidler was first played by Danny Burstein in the original Broadway cast of Moulin Rouge, and won a coveted Tony award in 2020 for it. More recently, celebrity drag artist Bob the Drag Queen played Zidler in the musical for eight weeks earlier this year.
The BBC has contacted Megan Thee Stallion's team for comment.

NASANasa's target of a March launch for the first crewed mission around the Moon in more than 50 years has been delayed after a fault was detected.
Nasa had set a target of 6 March, but 24 hours later said the newly discovered fault made a March launch "out of consideration".
The Artemis II mission, which will last about 10 days, could take its astronauts further into space than anyone has been before.
It aims to set the stage for an eventual human landing on the lunar surface for the first time since the Apollo missions of the 1960s and 70s.
With a March launch no longer being considered, the next possible dates are April 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
A potential February launch was ruled out after a pre‑flight test - known as a wet dress rehearsal - was cut short when hydrogen rocket fuel leaked from an umbilical connection linking the launch tower to the rocket.
Beyond resolving the technical issues, mission planners also have to wait until the Moon is in the right part of its orbit, so launch windows are timed accordingly.
In practice, this creates a pattern of roughly one week at the start of each month when the rocket can be pointed in the right direction, followed by about three weeks with no launch opportunities.
Artemis II's crew of four is made up of Nasa commander Reid Wiseman, pilot Victor Glover and mission specialist Christina Koch. A second mission specialist, Jeremy Hansen of the Canadian Space Agency, will also be on board.
Wiseman is a US Navy veteran of 27 years. A pilot and engineer, he lives in Baltimore, Maryland. He was selected as an astronaut by Nasa in 2009 and served as Flight Engineer aboard the International Space Station (ISS) for Expedition 41 in 2014.
Glover was selected as a Nasa astronaut in 2013. He previously served as the pilot of SpaceX Crew-1 and holds three master's degrees. He was born in California and is married with four children.
Koch grew up in Michigan and became an astronaut in 2013. She worked on the International Space Station in 2019, setting a record for the longest single spaceflight by a woman. She also participated in the first all-female spacewalk.
Hansen joined the Canadian Space Agency in 2009 after a career as a fighter pilot. He became the first Canadian to lead astronaut training at Nasa's Johnson Space Centre and will be the first Canadian to go to the Moon.
The mission involves the first crewed flight of Nasa's gigantic Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and the Orion space capsule.
Once they are safely in orbit, the astronauts will test how the Orion handles. This will involve manually flying the capsule in Earth orbit to practise steering and lining up the spacecraft for future Moon landings.
They will then head out to a point thousands of kilometres beyond the Moon to check Orion's life‑support, propulsion, power and navigation systems.


The crew will also act as medical test subjects, sending back data and imagery from deep space.
They will work in a small cabin in weightlessness. Radiation levels will be higher than on the ISS, which is in low‑Earth orbit, but still safe.
On return to Earth, the astronauts will experience a bumpy return through the atmosphere and a splashdown off the west coast of the US, in the Pacific.
No. This mission is to lay the ground for a lunar landing by astronauts in the Artemis III mission.
Nasa says the launch of Artemis III will take place by 2028. But experts believe that is a very ambitious timeline.
The final choice of a spacecraft to take the crew down to the lunar surface has not yet been made. It will either be SpaceX's Starship lander or a craft designed by Jeff Bezos's Blue Origin.
New spacesuits made by US company Axiom are also not ready.
When Artemis III finally flies, the astronauts will be heading to the Moon's south pole.
After this, the aim is to have a sustained human presence on the Moon.
Artemis IV and V will begin building Gateway, a small space station circling the Moon. That will be followed by more Moon landings, extra sections being added to Gateway, and new robotic rovers operating on the surface.
More countries will be involved in keeping people living and working on and around the Moon for longer periods.


The last crewed Moon mission was Apollo 17, which landed in December 1972 and returned to Earth later that month.
In all, 24 astronauts have travelled to the Moon and 12 of them have walked on its surface, all during the Apollo programme. Of the 24 to have been to the Moon, just five are still alive.
America first went in the 1960s, primarily to beat the Soviet Union to assert its geopolitical and technological dominance. Once that goal was achieved, political enthusiasm and public interest ebbed, as did the money for future Moonshots.
The Artemis programme grew out of a desire to return humans to the Moon, but this time for a longer-term presence built around new technology and commercial partnerships.
Several other countries have ambitions to put people on the Moon in the 2030s.
European astronauts are set to join later Artemis missions and Japan has also secured seats.
China is building its own craft, targeting a first landing near the Moon's south pole by 2030.
Russia continues to talk about flying cosmonauts to the surface and building a small base sometime between about 2030 and 2035. However, sanctions, funding pressures and technical setbacks mean its timetable is highly optimistic.
India has also expressed ambitions to one day see its own astronauts walking on the Moon.
Following the success of Chandrayaan 3's landing near the lunar south pole in August 2023, India's space agency set out a goal of sending astronauts to the Moon by about 2040. This would be part of a push to move its human spaceflight programme beyond low Earth orbit.
Additional reporting by Kevin Church and Emily Selvadurai.