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特朗普“第一哥们”干涉德国大选 欧盟选择避免与马斯克发生冲突


2025-01-09T13:15:27.028Z
马斯克德国时间周四晚间将与德国极右翼选项党党首韦德尔在社交平台X上举行对谈。

(德国之声中文网)欧盟委员会数字问题发言人托马斯·雷格尼尔(Thomas Regnier)强调,无论是在欧盟的线上还是线下,马斯克都可以表达自己的政治观点。即使与选项党(AfD)领导人韦德尔举行对谈也不违反欧盟《数字服务法案》(DSA) 。雷格尼尔解释道:“DSA中没有任何条款禁止此类直播。”

欧盟的这项法案要求大型网络平台比以前更快地删除虚假信息和“非法内容”,例如美化恐怖主义或描述性暴力的内容。成员国的法律具有决定性作用——例如,在德国传播纳粹宣传是被禁止的。

此外,欧盟对线上的选战宣传活动也做出指导规范,德国联邦政府也参考了这些指导方针。因此,如果能证明X系统地偏袒德国选项党,那么这就属于违规做法。不过,雷格尼尔承认,核实这一点需要花费时间。

“我们必须醒悟过来。”法国外交部长巴罗周三(8日)在接受电视采访时敦促道。他呼吁欧盟委员会“坚定地”执行其规则。

不激化同马斯克的争论是一项政策

目前生病仍在休养中的欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩和欧盟负责数字政策的专员维克库宁(Henna Virkkunen)都尚未对此事发表评论。冯德莱恩的发言人为委员会主席保持沉默辩护称:“不去激化这场争论是一项政治决定。”

自去年11月特朗普当选以来,欧盟一直在努力避免冲突。这也可能影响到被特朗普任命为特别顾问的马斯克。理论上欧盟委员会可以向X处以高达数十亿欧元的罚金惹恼马斯克。

去年以来,布鲁塞尔一直在抱怨马斯克的平台X存在多项违规行为。 X通过使用标注蓝钩或者白钩欺骗用户,让用户相信这些账号是真实的和经过验证的。然而,实际上每个付费客户都会获得一个蓝钩或者白钩“认证”。 X上的广告发布者信息通常也不透明。

欧洲监管中心 (CERRE) 数字研究项目学术主任德·斯特里尔 (Alexandre de Streel) 表示:“毫无疑问,人们不愿意正面攻击特朗普和马斯克,因为害怕对方有可能做出的反应。”

还有其它公司收益

其他受到欧盟调查的美国公司可能会从这种克制中受益。布鲁塞尔多位消息人士称,委员会已推迟就针对iPhone制造商苹果的竞争罚款作出决定。

布鲁塞尔也正在对Facebook母公司Meta进行诉讼。Facebook首席执行官扎克伯格周二宣布,将停止美国在Facebook和Instagram上进行事实核查。该公司表示,不会在欧盟地区迅速采取同样的做法,但从长远来看,并不排除这种可能性。

欧洲监管中心数字研究项目学术主任德·斯特里尔表示,欧盟委员会对来自中国的社交媒体采取了更为严厉的行动。布鲁塞尔方面正在调查中国字节跳动公司旗下的视频平台Tiktok罗马尼亚总统竞选活动的干涉。鉴于可能存在的不平衡,德·斯特里尔警告说,委员会不应该“完全失去自己的信誉”。

(法新社)

© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。

比亚迪丑闻暴露中国在巴西投资弊病

Vinicius Pereira
2025-01-09T12:40:45.642Z
在发现劳工条件恶劣后,巴西调查人员关闭了这处由中国人运营的建筑施工地点

(德国之声中文网)2024年12 月 23 日一早,气温就已超过了 30 摄氏度。巴西劳工检察官办公室 (MPT) 领导的一个特别工作组人员来到汽车巨头比亚迪位于北部巴伊亚州卡马萨里的工厂,从施工现场解救出 163 名中国工人。在巴西劳工检察官办公室看来,这些中国工人当时正在奴工式的条件下工作。

调查人员发现现场状况令人担忧。在比亚迪承包商金匠集团的工人宿舍里,床上没有床垫,数百名工人仅有为数很少的厕所,并且条件极不卫生。工人们的食物也没有冰箱储存。

巴西劳工检察官办公室还指责该公司扣压工人的护照,并扣留其60%的工资——其余 40% 是以人民币支付。

巴西有关部门宣布这些工人是国际人口贩运的受害者,并关闭该地点。这家工厂原定2025年开张。

163 名获救工人被送往酒店。几天后,巴西政府停止向比亚迪发放临时工作签证。这家汽车制造商表示,正在与巴西当局合作,不会容忍对巴西法律和人类尊严的触犯。

接受德国之声采访的专家表示,这一行动表明,尽管中国投资十分重要,但外国公司必须符合巴西的标准。

“这一举措意义重大,因为这家公司在巴西的投资对总统卢拉再工业化的项目具有重要意义,无论是在联邦政府还是在巴伊亚州,都享有强大的政治支持,”里约热内卢州立大学政治学者、国际关系学教授桑托罗( Maurício Santoro) 指出。

比亚迪位于卡马萨里的这家工厂原定2025年3月开张

中国海外生产成焦点

周二,巴西劳工检察官办公室调查人员会见了比亚迪和参与建设的公司代表。 所有获救工人都已收到解雇金并返回中国。对现场的视察报告将于下周完成,工人赔偿问题将在随后的会议上讨论。

圣保罗FIA商学院经济学者、教授费尔德曼(Paulo Feldmann)表示,比亚迪使用中国工人建造工厂与中国跨国公司在非洲和其它拉丁美洲国家的经营方式类似。

费尔德曼告诉德国之声,这种做法对接受投资的国家几乎没有好处。 “对于巴西来说,如果这些工人是当地人会更好,因为他们可以为自己和家庭创造收入,对社区产生积极影响,并获得专业技能的培训。这样也更容易监管他们的劳工条件。”

巴西的再工业化

巴伊亚州首府附近的卡马萨里有30万人口,美国福特汽车公司曾在此设厂20年。然而,2021年,福特关闭了这家工厂,并停止在巴西的生产。

与此同时,巴西工业生产大幅下降,2021 年仅占国内生产总值 (GDP) 的 11%。

当卢拉2022 年第三次当选总统并承诺复兴巴西工业时,其政府寻找有意在该国设址的合作伙伴公司。次年,中国巨头比亚迪宣布投资约 5 亿美元,在原福特厂址所在的部分土地上建造一家新工厂,生产电动汽车。

比亚迪的到来也给当地经济带来期待。汽车顾问内托(Milad Kalume Neto)向德国之声表示:“福特当年设立了多家公司来支持其运营。不仅是供应商,还有提供服务的小公司。随着福特的离开,这些公司不得不降低经营活动,如今他们又有机会为一家大型汽车制造商工作。”

中国指责抹黑

中国公众的反应大致可分为两类,一类对外国指控表示质疑,一派以国内劳工权利为讨论焦点。

丑闻发生后,比亚迪及其承包商金匠集团否认指控,称这些指控是针对中国品牌的抹黑运动的一部分,这一说法得到了许多中国民族主义者的支持。

欲加之罪,何患无辞”,比亚迪集团品牌与公关部总经理李云飞在中国流行的微博平台上发帖称。李云飞还指责境外相关势力试图抹黑中国,企图破坏中巴友谊。

金匠集团还发布了一段视频,视频中,中国工人宣读了一份按手印签名的声明。金匠集团称:“莫名被扣上‘奴役’的帽子,让我们的员工感觉人格受到了侮辱,人权受到了侵犯,严重伤害了中国人尊严。”

中国官方媒体和许多中国网民也对此表示认同,认为这一丑闻是中国企业海外扩张所面临的挑战。

但并非所有人都将责任归咎于“外国势力”。一些微博用户指出,比亚迪巴西工厂与中国建筑工人的工作条件相似。这引发了网上讨论,即中国有多少工人的生活条件可能与国际标准下的奴工无异。

中国劳动力市场以所谓的“996”工作文化而闻名,即每周工作六天,从早上 9 点到晚上 9 点,这违反了劳动法。这种现象在科技行业尤为普遍。

微博上一条帖子将比亚迪巴西工厂与中国建筑工地的工作条件进行了比较评论。这条微博下面的一则评论写道:“听你这么说,我站巴西这边。中国劳动者都是被无情压榨。”另一则评论说:“我觉得国内工厂太不把人当人看了,简直是把人当机器”。这则评论获得了一千多个赞。

巴西市场仍对中国有吸引力

经济学者费尔德曼表示,尽管该案在国际上引起反响,但巴西有关部门在比亚迪案中的行动不会阻碍中国在该国的投资。

费尔德曼说:“巴西市场对中国企业非常有吸引力。他们来巴西主要是因为这个市场。我不认为巴西和中国的关系会因为这件事而受到威胁。”

政治学者桑托罗表示,希望此案能给中国投资者一个教训,让他们了解巴西的三权分立。

“他们已经了解到,无论与政治领导人达成何种协议,检察官和司法机构都会发挥自身作用,执行劳动法。乐观地说,这或许可以防止更多的违法事件,”他补充道。

© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。

三联生活周刊|西藏日喀则地震:坍塌的房子和失去的家

2025年1月7日9点05分,西藏日喀则市定日县发生6.8级地震,震源深度10公里,这是该县有历史记录以来最大的地震。据定日县“1·07”地震抗震救灾工作情况新闻发布会数据,截至1月8日12时,地震已造成126人遇难、188人受伤。截至01月09日08时,共记录到余震1095次。

记者|陈银霞

实习记者|杨纯希

编辑|王珊

摇晃

1月7日早上8点多,藏族女孩丹拉就醒了。17岁的她和父母、外婆一家四口居住在西藏日喀则市定日县措果乡吉翁村。冬天天气严寒,9月份过了就开始下雪,北侧的朋曲河已经结冰。村里的老人和小孩通常要到9点至10点起床,只有需要喂牛羊的中年人需要早起。

丹拉是被一两次轻微的摇晃震醒的,这是一次很小的地震,在3级左右。在她的印象里,12月17日寒假以来,这样的小地震她已经历过5次,她没放在心上,起来打扫了屋子。9点左右,她走到外婆卧室,准备叫她起床。当时,太阳刚刚从天边冒出头,照耀着这个朋曲河南岸的村庄;南边,高耸的珠穆朗玛峰熠熠生光。

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三级及以上余震分布,红色震中代表过去24小时内发生的地震

就在此时,地面又开始摇动。这一次的晃动与前面几次都不同,“左右摇晃得很强烈,站不稳”,桌上的餐具连同桌子一起倒下,摔出脆响,泥房子也簌簌往下掉土。她的手机的地震预警同时响起来,倒数着5、4、3、2、1,紧接着铃声大作。丹拉扭头冲出门外,一口气跑到院子中间。眼前,丹拉家和邻居家的房子慢慢倒塌,村后不远处的小山也开始坍塌,滚滚灰尘弥漫,耳边是“呜呜呜”的声音,伴随着如大石头砸下的坍塌声。

正在院里喂牛羊的丹拉父母看到这一幕,父亲呆在原地,母亲则不顾一切地要往正在坍塌的屋里冲去。80多岁的外婆还在屋里,她肺结核一年多,卧病在床,来不及逃跑。丹拉用力抓住母亲的手,劝她不要去,不要去。“求你,不要拉着我。”母亲甩开她的手,在震后大概30秒后,踩着满地堆积的土块、木条废墟,爬上了二楼。那时,外婆隔壁的两间房已经完全坍塌,只有她的屋子挺立着,留下一米多高的缝隙。

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1月7日,西藏日喀则,地震后的房屋损毁严重(图源西藏蓝天救援队)

CDT 档案卡
标题:西藏日喀则地震:坍塌的房子和失去的家
作者: 蚂乙
发表日期:2025.1.9
来源:微信公众号“三联生活周刊”
主题归类:西藏日喀则地震
CDS收藏:公民馆
版权说明:该作品版权归原作者所有。中国数字时代仅对原作进行存档,以对抗中国的网络审查。详细版权说明

丹拉眼看着母亲从缝隙里钻进去,大声呼喊着“妈妈出来”,她害怕妈妈埋在里面。一两分钟后,妈妈的身影重新出现,丹拉提着的心松了一口气。母亲双手抓着外婆的肩膀,将她拖到缝隙口,再转身将她放在背上,沿着一段阶梯将她背下来。母亲的神情一如往常,镇定,似乎没什么表情,只有外婆哭出了声,因为虚弱,哭声也是轻微的。

外婆只穿了一条秋裤和一件外套,鞋子也没有。丹拉说,村里很多小孩从被窝里被家长拽出来时,甚至来不及穿衣服,光着身子。当天气温最高1度,最低零下18度。此时,紧邻定日县的拉孜县贡康村,只穿着短袖和内裤的19岁少年扎西已经跑到空地上,直打冷战,手指和耳朵冻得通红。

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地震后,丹拉的外婆站在倒塌的房屋前(受访者供图)

扎西是在睡梦中被剧烈的摇动惊醒的。他形容那感觉就像“坐着车子上下坡”,桌上的保温瓶掉下来,砸成碎片。睁开眼,只见屋顶的吊灯晃来晃去,床边的墙壁已经张开一条四五厘米宽、巴掌长的裂缝,耳边充斥着“吱吱吱吱”的声音,一直不停。“完蛋了。”扎西冲到窗口,光着脚打算翻出窗外。窗户卡住打不开,他转头冲向门口,顺着2楼楼梯一路狂奔,像喝醉一样摇摇晃晃跑出屋外,直到空旷地带。邻居们也纷纷跑了出来,但不见他的家人。

此时,他才看到,母亲正站在二楼阳台,冲着房内呼喊“孩子,我的孩子。”声音惊恐、嘶哑、带着哭腔。“快下来,快下来!”扎西喊着母亲。但她好像吓傻了,愣在原地,嘴里一直念叨着“快去抱孩子。”嫂子去年12月刚刚生下孩子,正陪孩子睡在有炉子的房间。趁着地震稍稍停歇的功夫,扎西返回楼上,嫂子正在穿衣服。孩子睡在摇篮上,还没醒,脸上的表情恬淡。他一把抱起孩子跑出门,回头看,在外喂牛羊的爸爸从院子后门跑进来,怕孩子冷,往热水袋里灌热水。妈妈和嫂子也紧跟着出来。

他们在荒地里站了半个多小时,震动才渐渐平稳,扎西的父母去家里拿来羊垫子和酥油茶。1小时后,因为太冷,他们返回到二楼阳台,二三级的余震不断,窗户时常传来震动声,“有点声响就害怕”。一直到太阳落山,他们才返回屋内点燃牛粪烤火。这时,村里的书记带着警察一家一户询问,排查房屋破损情况,并让他们不要待在屋内。他们拿出过节时用的能容纳四五十人的大帐篷,几家亲戚一起住在帐篷内。丹拉回忆,地震发生3-4小时后,救援人员赶到位于震中的吉翁村,展开营救和搭建帐篷,丹拉听说,那一天他们在村里救了5个人。

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消防员正在疏散当地群众(图源国家消防救援局)

央视网消息显示,此次地震震中位于定日县措果乡,震中20公里范围内涉及措果乡、长所乡、曲洛乡3个乡,27个村,人口约6900人。截至2025年1月8日12时,地震已造成126人遇难、188人受伤,目前已转移受灾群众4.65万人。

坍塌

根据中国西藏网消息,截至2025年1月7日19时,西藏日喀则市定日县“1·07”地震已造成3609户房屋倒塌。西藏森林消防总队教育宣传处助理郑龙告诉本刊,西藏森林消防总队在地震发生后9时20分从不同地方派出三支队伍,总计出动了600人。最早一支队伍中午12点40分到达,三支队伍陆续在1点半之前都抵达现场。他提到,村里大多数都是土房子,基本都塌了,此次遇难者几乎都是被倒塌的房屋砸压或掩埋窒息而亡。

中国地震局地球物理研究所研究员高孟潭告诉本刊,6.8级的地震属于“中强度”地震。西藏地广人稀,此次导致如此严重的房屋坍塌和126人的死亡,有其独特的地理位置因素。

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西藏日喀则市定日县及周边地震受灾前(2025年1月4日)后2025年1月7日光学卫星图像

高孟潭说,此次地震发生在喜马拉雅山北麓,南部的印度板块挤压北部的欧亚板块,形成高耸的珠穆朗玛峰,及两侧低洼的断层。断层处因为地势低洼,形成朋曲河和丁木措湖。河流两岸的冲积平原,是西藏少数适合人类居住的地区之一,两岸分布着多个村落,人口相对稠密。此次受灾严重的曲洛乡、措果乡、长所乡恰好位于这五六十公里长的断裂带上。高孟潭指出,此次6.8级的地震,震中地震烈度可能为9度。地震烈度指地表建筑物的损坏程度,分为12级,9度意味着多数建筑质量较差的房屋均会倒塌。高孟潭说,由于震中位于河流冲积平原地带,土质松软,这种地形和地质增强了地震的破坏作用。

喜马拉雅地震带是地震频发地带。高孟潭介绍,这是除太平洋地震带之外全球最活跃的地震带,曾经导致中国有记载以来最大地震——西藏墨脱8.6级大地震,藏文档案中记载遇难人数3000余人。“这次地震是定日县有历史记录以来最大的地震。”西藏地震局预测预报室副室长索朗多吉在接受解放日报采访时表示,1950年后,此次地震震中50公里范围内共发生5.0级以上地震8次。此前最高震级地震是1998年的6.2级地震,最近一次5.0级以上地震是2020年发生的5.9级地震。

陕西省建筑科学院正高级工程师张风亮当晚从日喀则市住建局局长处得知,虽然震中在定日县,但拉孜县的震害程度,即房屋倒塌程度更严重。2015年4月尼泊尔发生8.1级地震,西藏日喀则市受灾严重,张风亮曾到日喀则参与灾后救援工作,也曾在去年甘肃积石山地震后赶赴现场,进行房屋的评估工作。他告诉本刊,此次9度的地震烈度,本身超过了定日县房屋建筑设防等级,即抗震设防烈度7.5度。而此次受灾严重地点位于乡村,房屋许多为未进行抗震设防的建筑,因而受损更为严重。

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消防员救出被困群众(图源国家消防救援局)

2015年4月尼泊尔地震发生后,张风亮于7月到达位于喜马拉雅山南麓的日喀则吉隆县和聂拉木县进行房屋震后安全评估。他发现,农村地区目之所及多为未经正规设计的石头房子。张风亮说,两个县城位于喜马拉雅山南麓,为高原多山地区,交通不便,村民们就地取材,房屋几乎都是石头制作的1-3层碉房。条件好的使用平整的块石、条石,条件差的使用碎石,不少房屋甚至是“干砌”,即不需要任何砂浆,只是将一块块石头堆叠起来。尼泊尔地震后,张风亮看到,县城经过抗震设防的房屋均出现不同程度的裂痕,而农村地区,目之所及的石头房子全部坍塌,无法使用。

另外,张风亮观察到,当地的砂浆颜色为土黄色,含泥量高,砂浆经过有效清洗一般呈青色。含泥量高会致使砂浆强度偏低,砌体承载力低。此外,碉房通常底层是大开间,用于堆放杂物或畜养牲畜,楼上才会格成多个房间,整体抗侧刚度小,形成水平向的薄弱层,地震发生时容易坍塌。

工艺水平和建筑材料的问题,在此次受灾的喜马拉雅山北麓的定日县等地的土房中也有体现。多位震中的村民告诉本刊,自己村庄里多为红泥房或白泥房。措果乡噶果村村民罗布桑布说,泥房一般为2层土木结构,一楼畜养牛羊,放置杂草和农具,二层居住。房子是村民们自盖,去地里挖土,出于保暖的需求,会打成20x20x60cm的土砖,大小是普通红砖的三倍;有的则不做砖,直接使用两块木板,在中间灌上泥浆夯成墙,屋架和楼板则使用木头,地基为石头。

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2025年1月7日,西藏森林消防总队的救援人员正在灾区展开搜救。(图|视觉中国)

张风亮说,土房的主要材料泥土,干硬后是脆性材料,抗剪和抗弯承载力较低,不像混凝土房屋中使用能够弯曲的钢筋,有一定强度;再加上当地泥土含石量高,且为分层夯实,导致墙体夯实质量低,整体性较差;而且,木质楼(屋)面板、木屋架和土墙连接处缺乏有效连接,地震发生时为受力薄弱点,变形不能协调,容易发生移位;纵墙交接处缺少合理的拉结措施,致使房屋整体性较差,无法形成有效的结构支撑,地震时易发生歪闪、倒塌。

“这种土木结构房屋,坍塌时形成废墟式坍塌,人很可能当场被砸或者窒息而亡。”西藏森林消防总队教育宣传处助理郑龙在救援时发现,因为泥房脆性很大,坍塌后房屋几乎全部碎成小土块,不像内地砖混结构房屋,会形成三角形的狭小生存空间,等待72小时的黄金救援时间,“就像搭积木,碎成一块块的土块。这次被救的很多是被砸中部分位置,或者身上压的重物较少,才有生还可能。”郑龙团队原本还带上了生命探测仪、顶挡设备等现代化救援仪器,但发现救援主要靠双手将土块搬开,不需要破拆。

生计

地震发生时,与丹拉同属于措果乡吉翁村的央宗和丈夫一起跑到院子里,他们眼看着住了十几年的房子倒在眼前,“当时我想着说,我要活下去,还没考虑得上房子。”央宗家的房子是2007年盖的二层土房,一楼放牦牛、草料、青稞和杂物,二楼居住。

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吉翁村地震后现场(受访者供图)

吉翁村是措果乡的大村,有约400户人家,其他村庄通常只有几十户,村子的房子几乎都沿河而建。村民们多是藏族的农牧民,依靠种地、畜牧和务工维持生活,而种植和畜牧只能维持基本生活。村里少的有2亩地,多的10亩,种植青稞、土豆、萝卜、油菜、豌豆,平均海拔4000米以上的高原,产量很低。隔壁吉定村27岁的村民嘉措多吉说,一亩地种植土豆,好的时候有十几袋,差的只有几麻袋。

更多时候生计是依靠畜牧,嘉措多吉家养了接近200只羊,十几头牦牛,两只马,这在村里算多的。救援人员郑龙看到,乡里条件并不富裕,多数村民家一般只有几只牦牛、十几二十只羊。这次,嘉措多吉家的50只羊,1只马和2牛被砸死。郑龙印象深刻的是一位老人,他找过来说自家屋顶坍塌,三头牦牛压房里,眼神和表情里透着着急,怕拿不出来,手足无措。“一头牦牛5年才能出栏”,死亡一头就算很大的损失。他们搬开砖块,2头活着,一头600-700斤的牛死亡。

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受访者供图

主要收入还是务工。措果乡斯龙村28岁的村民桑杰罗布告诉本刊,定日县虽然是通往珠峰的必经之路,但措果乡不在线路上,村庄并未依靠珠峰旅游富裕起来,“只能去各个地方打工”。桑杰罗布说,村民们多在拉萨、日喀则、那曲、阿里等地务工,去工地上当小工,或者去饭馆,“反正都是重活儿”。工地一天200元,冬天工地不开工,餐馆一个月只有四五千元,去的人少,村民们通常是夏季外出,冬季回家。央宗“没什么文化,我自己名字也写不出来”,只能出劳力,夏天去拉萨做木门,丈夫在拉萨做房屋装修,一天工资500元。

嘉措多吉说,全家种地、畜牧和做工,村里9成以上家庭年收入大概在5-8万。央宗说,有钱的人家什么都做,比如货车司机搞长途运输的,也有进政府体制内当公务员的。“村里每家每户都有土房,有超过一半人家既有土房又有水泥房。”央宗说,2015年尼泊尔地震后,日喀则受灾严重,村里部分土房倒塌,政府出钱补助,修建了水泥房。这两年,有钱的人家也开始盖起水泥房。1月7日这次地震,村里水泥房几乎只有裂缝,土房几乎全部坍塌。

“我们也不是喜欢泥巴房子,没有那个条件,只能这样。”央宗也想盖水泥房。她家并不算富裕,土房便宜,一两万就能盖起一栋房,土从地里挖,地基的石头自己去野外捡。“打多高的地基跟条件好坏也有关,石头不多,我家没有车也没有钱买石头,只能去野外捡石头,一点点运回来。”房子是村民们互帮互助盖的,省去人工,只要买一点木头,而水泥房盖起来至少要20万。

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2025年1月8日,西藏日喀则,消防在找农牧民家被掩埋的羊。(图|视觉中国)

斯隆村的桑杰罗布家既有土房又有水泥房。他家的土房是2012年盖的,尼泊尔地震时修补过一次,因为房屋并未坍塌,属于政府新盖的房子他们家没有分到,只给了一些补贴。后来大大小小的地震,土房出现越来越多裂缝,屋顶窗边都有,下雨漏雨,刮风漏沙子。当时,桑杰罗布还在上学,姐姐收入也不多,直到他三四年前毕业后,全家才开始攒钱。前年,全家拿出攒了五六年的钱,新盖了房子。桑杰罗布说自己当时联合几户盖房子的人家,几个人租了别人的大货车,去200多公里外的日喀则市拉材料。一天除了加油钱,还要给司机200块的劳务费。

为了盖房,他们在银行贷款6万,姐姐的工资全投在盖房上,装修又借了钱,桑杰罗布拿自己的工资还银行贷款。他在县文旅局做办公职员,月薪3千,为了还债,他兼职做起野外调查队的向导,包吃包住一天300元,最危险时在尼泊尔边境遇到黑熊和蛇,还有翻进皮里吸血的虫子。如今刚盖不久的水泥房也很大程度损坏了,“有裂缝,里面不敢住人。”

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受访者供图

1月7日下午4点,丹拉一家接到长所乡叔叔的电话,说她的奶奶在地震中被倒塌的高墙砸下去世,连同去世的还有奶奶的两个朋友。那天清晨,奶奶早早外出,回来经过一段狭窄的小路,两边是高墙,地震发生,三人去世。在上学前,父母在外打工,丹拉都在长所乡的乡下跟着奶奶生活。”丹拉说,奶奶67岁,之前一直在生病,去年刚好转起来。丹拉向本刊回忆奶奶,她说夏天,两人经常一起去河对岸放牛。中午吃奶奶带去的米饭和土豆,一直到晚上7点回来。只有牛跑远时,奶奶腿脚不便,才会让丹拉去追。

(应受访者要求,文中扎西、嘉措多吉为化名)_

事实核查:叙利亚当局在新闻图片上给德国女外长“打码”?

Tetyana Klug
2025-01-09T12:13:39.593Z
事实核查:贝尔博克被“打码”的图片并非出自叙利亚官方

 (德国之声中文网)1月3日,德国外长贝尔博克(Annalena Baerbock)和法国外长巴罗(Jean-Noel Barrot)受欧盟委托,共同出访大马士革,和叙利亚新掌权者以及公民社会代表进行了会谈。然而在拜访沙姆解放组织(HTS)领导人沙拉(Ahmed al-Sharaa,曾用名朱拉尼)的时候,发生了一些小插曲,并且在社交平台和媒体上广为流传。

其中引发最激烈讨论的,就是沙拉在迎接两位外长时采取了区别对待:和法国外长巴罗握手,而面对作为女性的德国外长贝尔博克,他只是将手放在胸前略微致意,就结束了问候这个流程。按照伊斯兰教法的规定,穆斯林男子不允许和女性握手——除非她是关系比较近的亲属。然而围绕这位叙利亚新晋当权者与德国女外长会晤的争论还不止于此。

叙利亚官方在新闻照片上将贝尔博克“打码”?

在社交媒体X上,流传了一些关于“叙利亚新政权在社媒分享图片时将德国外长贝尔博克模糊化处理”的内容。甚至不少媒体也进行了相关报导,比如德国ntv新闻以“叙利亚政府账号将贝尔博克在图片上打码”为题,分享了相关帖文截图。之后,有关“叙利亚伊斯兰主义者对贝尔博克的图片进行审查”、“叙利亚删除贝尔博克照片”这样的结论在社交媒体上越传越广。

包括ntv和德国之声在内的不少媒体都上当了

德国之声事实核查结果:错误

网络上确实流传了不少贝尔博克和其他在场女性被模糊化处理的图片,而在这些图片上法国外长巴罗是清晰可见的。不过是否能得出“叙利亚审查德国外长照片”的结论,还得搞清楚这些被“打码”照片来自何处。

据德国之声调查,这些照片是由一个名为Almharar的Telegram账号发布的,其简介中自称是“自由叙利亚的官方新闻网络”。瑞士伯尔尼大学伊斯兰学退休教授舒尔策(Reinhard Schulze)对德国之声介绍,就在去年12月伊斯兰反叛武装沙姆解放组织推翻阿萨德政权之前,这个账号的名称还是“被解放北方的新闻网络”。

根据2022年9月30日存档的资料来看,那时这个账号有大约5万个订阅者,而现在则已经拥有差不多35.6万名粉丝。

舒尔策解释道,这个账号背后的组织和伊德利卜的一些新正统派伊斯兰教士联系紧密,包括知名的萨拉菲派人士。“从2013年开始,沙姆解放组织就已经开始逐步脱离(这些人所代表的)传统教义了。”这位伊斯兰研究学者指出, 该网络组织过去曾以伊斯坦布尔为据点,现在应该是回到叙利亚境内活动了。

至于这个组织和刚刚夺取叙利亚政权的沙拉之间是什么关系,舒尔策认为前者对后者采取的是某种“观望态度”。该组织背后的势力究竟具有多大影响力,目前很难判断。“但可以确定的一点是,这个网络组织不可以和沙姆解放组织的官方政策混为一谈。”

这是叙利亚官方SANA通讯社发布的新闻照片

也就是说,也许Almharar这个账号自称在进行有关叙利亚的“官方”报道,但事实上,叙利亚当局也发布了那场会晤的照片,上面的女性全都图像清晰,肉眼看不出什么后期操纵的痕迹。叙利亚主流媒体,包括官方的阿拉伯叙利亚通讯社(SANA)发布的照片也基本如此。

在关于Almharar账号和叙利亚政权之间的关系得到解释之后,德国ntv新闻网将标题更改为“亲沙姆解放组织的账号将贝尔博克在图片上打码”。德国之声中文网在1月6日发布于社媒平台的一则短视频中提到“打码”一事,不过也在画面来源上标注了@Almharar。

德国外长在社媒回应“我拒绝给他甜蜜的微笑”?搞错了!

除了图片“打码”风波之外,围绕这次贝尔博克访问叙利亚还有另一段在社交媒体上引起热议的“花絮”,说的是这位德国女外长在X平台发文回应叙利亚当权者拒绝和她握手时写道:“他拒绝和我握手,所以我也拒绝报以我甜蜜的微笑。”这一桥段在中文社交媒体也得到了一定的流传,不少人批评贝尔博克的回应“幼稚”,是“幼儿园的做法”。

然而事实上,这一帖文并非来自德国外长贝尔博克的官方X账号,而是一个“恶搞”账号。其用户名也加上了Parody(戏仿)这个标注,但由于关注人数超过11万,拥有X平台蓝V标识,又采用了和官号相同的头像照片,所以非常具有迷惑性。这里经常会发布一些讽刺这位女外长的帖文,引起不少网友的互动讨论。

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Hollywood Hills blaze rapidly expanding, fire chief says

Reuters A firefighter tackling a fire in the Palisades area of Los Angeles. They sit in the foreground with their back to the camera holding a hose. A stream of water is going from the hose towards a tire in the roof of a building in the background. Reuters

A mandatory evacuation order has been issued in the Hollywood Hills following the spread of the wildfires raging across Los Angeles.

The Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) said there was an "immediate threat to life" in the area and that it was being legally closed to the public.

At least five fires are currently active across Los Angeles, with five people confirmed to have been killed.

More than 130,000 people have already had to evacuate, and the homes of a number of celebrities - including Paris Hilton and Billy Crystal - have been destroyed.

The first fire began on Tuesday in the Pacific Palisades neighbourhood, near Malibu, with others subsequently breaking out across the north of the city.

As of 20:15 local time (04:00 GMT), four fires in the areas of the Palisades, Pasadena, Sylmar, and the Hollywood Hills covered more than 27,000 acres (42 sq miles; 109 sq km) and were 0% contained, according to the LAFD.

One fire in the Acton area had been partially contained, while two others had been completely contained.

The fire in the Hollywood Hills - a residential neighbourhood overlooking the historic Hollywood area of the city - began at around 18:00 local time on Wednesday.

Less than two hours later, much of the heart of Hollywood was blanketed with thick smoke, and the tops of the palm trees that line its streets were barely visible.

People used sweatshirts to cover their faces to help them breathe, while others - clearly surprised by the fire - wore only pyjamas. Many carried bags and suitcases, talking on their phones as they made plans for where to go.

Many of the roads near the fire - including Hollywood Boulevard, home to the Hollywood Walk of Fame - were gridlocked with traffic. Some people even drove on the wrong side of the road as they tried to get out of the area.

Resident Anna Waldman told the BBC she had set out to walk her dog but smelled smoke almost instantly when she went outside.

She went back inside and, looking out her back windows, saw fire, and watched as it moved quickly thought the Hollywood Hills, coming to within a block of her home.

She packed what she could: food, clothes, blankets, food for her three small dogs.

"I can't believe this," she said in exhaustion, pulling down her face mask.

Makayla Jackson, 26, and her two-year-old son, Ramari, had been evacuated from a homeless shelter that was in danger of burning, and now stood on the street waiting for a ride to a high school where help was being offered to people.

"They just told us to get out and go," she said.

Hollywood resident Anna Waldman stands in a car park after wildfires forced her to leave her home. She has a trolley of belongings and a buggy in which is sat her three small white dogs. She is wearing glasses and a face mask and is doing a peace sign at the camera.
Anna Waldman told the BBC she had had to flee her home with her three dogs

Firefighters tackling the blazes have experienced water shortages and have had to resort to taking water from swimming pools and ponds.

Officials said three separate one-million-gallon tanks were full before the fires began, but that the elevation of the fires meant water couldn't move quickly enough to hydrants in the affeted areas.

The city also doesn't typically see fires of this magnitude - the Palisades blaze is already the most destructive in its history - and its systems are designed for urban use, not fighting wildfires.

Chad foils attempt to destabilise country - minister

Facebook Foreign Minister Abderaman Koulamallah seen in a video apparently shot at the presidential palace in N'Djamena. He is wearing a blue shirt. Behind him are lines of palm trees and a lawn. Over his shoulder is also a group of soldiers in camo uniforms. Facebook
Foreign Minister Abderaman Koulamallah seen in a video apparently recorded at the presidential palace in N'Djamena

The government of Chad has insisted the situation in capitol N'Djamena is stable after gunshots were heard near the presidential palace.

Foreign Minister Abderaman Koulamallah said in a video apparently recorded within the palace complex that there had been a "little incident" but that "everything is calm".

Sources close to the African state's government said clashes had occurred between security forces and "terrorist elements".

The French news agency AFP quoted Koulamallah as saying that 18 attackers and a member of the security forces had been killed.

Following the incident, tanks were seen in the area and all roads leading to the palace were closed, the agency said

In the video, posted to Facebook, Koulamallah is seen surrounded by members of the government forces.

"Nothing serious has happened," he says.

"We are here and we will defend our country at the price of our blood. Be calm.

"This whole attempt at destabilisation has been thwarted."

He is then seen taking photos with, and raising his fist with, the soldiers.

Koulamallah was quoted by AFP as saying the assault had been launched by a 24-man commando unit, adding that six of the attackers had suffered injuries.

A further three members of the government forces also suffered injuries, he added.

The incident came just hours after a visit to the former French territory by China's Foreign Minister, Wang Yi, who met President Mahamat Déby and other senior officials.

Manchester Airport reopens runways after heavy snow

PA Media A 4x4 makes its way through a snow-covered road in Scotton, Harrogate, North YorkshirePA Media
A 4x4 makes its way through a snow covered road in Harrogate, North Yorkshire

Commuters are being warned of icy roads and travel disruption, as temperatures plummeted again overnight across the UK.

Fresh weather warnings have been issued, with snow, ice and fog forecast across southern England, Wales, Northern Ireland and northern Scotland on Thursday.

It will be mainly dry elsewhere with winter sunshine, but temperatures could fall again to as low as -16C on Thursday night.

The cold snap has already brought heavy snowfall to some areas, and dozens of flood alerts and warnings are in place due to either heavy rain or melting snow.

On Wednesday the lowest temperature recorded was -8.4C (16F) in Shap, Cumbria, according to the Met Office.

It comes as an amber cold health alert remains in place for all of England until Sunday, meaning the forecast weather is expected to have significant impacts across health - including a rise in deaths.

The Hills/BBC Weather Watcher A sheep in Huddersfield in snow The Hills/BBC Weather Watcher
A sheep walks in snow in Huddersfield

The Met Office says travel disruption to road and rail services is likely on Thursday in areas covered by warnings, as well potential for accidents in icy places.

There are five warnings in place:

  • A yellow warning for snow and ice is in place for northern Scotland until midnight on Thursday
  • A yellow warning for ice has been issued until 10:30 across southern England and south-east Wales
  • Two yellow warnings for snow and ice are in force until 11:00 GMT - one across western Wales and north-west England, and south-west England; and another for Northern Ireland
  • A yellow warning for fog until 09:00 in Northern Ireland
Sue B/BBC Weather Watchers A snow sculpture in a garden in LeedsSue B/BBC Weather Watchers
A teenager made a snow sculpture of Venus in her garden in Leeds

On Wednesday snow caused some roads to close and motorists to be stationary for "long periods of time" in Devon and Cornwall, according to authorities there.

Gritters working into Thursday morning have been fitted with ploughs to clear routes in the area.

Car insurer RAC said it has seen the highest levels of demand for rescues in a three-day period since December 2022.

"Cold conditions will last until at least the weekend, so we urge drivers to remain vigilant of the risks posed by ice and, in some locations, snow," said RAC breakdown spokeswoman Alice Simpson.

National Rail have also advised passengers to check before they travel, as ice and snow can mean speed restrictions and line closures.

On Wednesday evening, poor weather was affecting Northern and Great Western Railway.

Buses are also replacing trains between Llandudno Junction and Blaenau Ffestiniog until Monday.

Reuters An car covered in snow in Buxton Reuters
A car covered in snow on a road in Buxton, Derbyshire

The wintry conditions have caused significant disruption across the UK since snow swept many parts of the country at the weekend.

Hundreds of schools were closed in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland, including schools in Yorkshire, Merseyside, the Midlands and Aberdeenshire.

The country has also been hit by widespread flooding in recent days. Currently there are 68 flood warnings - meaning flooding is expected - in England and three in Wales.

The weather is expected to be less cold over the weekend.

William shares message to wife Kate on her 43rd birthday

Kensington Palace A black and white picture of Catherine posted by Kensington PalaceKensington Palace

The Prince of Wales has wished his wife, Catherine, a happy birthday as she turns 43.

"To the most incredible wife and mother. The strength you've shown over the last year has been remarkable," William wrote in a message posted on social media.

"George, Charlotte, Louis and I are so proud of you. Happy Birthday, Catherine. We love you. W."

The princess has returned to royal duties after having preventative chemotherapy treatment as a result of being diagnosed with cancer last year.

Kensington Palace posted the personal written message from William alongside a previously unseen picture of Catherine taken by Matt Porteous in Windsor last summer.

The black and white picture showed the princess looking relaxed and smiling, wearing jeans, a white shirt and a scarf.

The Royal Family also wished her a happy birthday.

The monarchy's official media account shared a message on X saying: "Happy Birthday to The Princess of Wales!" along with a birthday cake emoji.

The post also had a photo of Catherine collecting flowers from wellwishers while attending church in Sandringham on Christmas Day.

That was the last time the Prince and Princess of Wales were seen together in public.

Some councils ordered to increase home building by 400%, new BBC tracker shows

BBC Promotional image for the housing target tracker. There is a young couple in the middle looking at some paperwork. Around them are various images of details from buildings and stylised charts. The palette is predominantly orange.BBC

Some local councils in England would need to see at least a five-fold increase in new housing to meet government targets, analysis by BBC Verify suggests.

The BBC's figures lay out the immense challenge Labour has set itself in government with its "milestone" of building 1.5 million new homes in England over five years.

In total, 16 local authorities across England have new annual targets that are five times or more what they have recently delivered.

Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer has said setting a specific target will "give the British people the power to hold our feet to the fire".

With that in mind, the BBC has created a new online tool for tracking the government's progress towards this key goal.

Type in your postcode and see the house building situation in your own area.

The government has also set annual housing targets for each local authority in England, based on what it judges their contribution to the overall total should be.

The most demanding target is for the London Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, which has been set a target for new homes nearly 22 times its recent average.

The target for Sevenoaks in Kent is five times what it has been delivering on average in recent years, while the target for Portsmouth is more than eight times the average.

These specific targets will enable us to incorporate information into the tracker on what's happening on house building in every district in England.

It will show the number of homes added in an area and compare it with the local target set by ministers.

Our postcode lookup tool also shows the share of planning applications for new homes granted permissions in an area in the most recent year there is data for, and compares it with the England-wide average rate, so you can judge whether your council is approving enough building plans.

The tracker will be updated when relevant official data becomes available.

Hugely ambitious

The new government has described its housebuilding objective as "hugely ambitious" and that is no exaggeration.

To deliver 1.5 million homes, defined as "net additional dwellings", over five years implies a strike rate of about 300,000 a year - a number not achieved since the 1970s.

Chart showing how challenging Labour's target of building 1.5 million new homes in the next five years is. It implies an average of 300,000 net additional dwellings per year, which has not been achieved over the period covered by the chart going back to 1992. The most managed over that period was just under 250,000 in 2019 and 2020.

But while the England-wide target is highly ambitious in a historical context, the targets handed down to some local authorities are arguably even more so.

To create our postcode tracker we processed local data on:

  • the number of annual net additional dwellings required
  • the number of net additional dwellings created on average each year since 2021
  • recent residential planning decisions by councils.

BBC Verify's analysis shows Kensington and Chelsea, a London borough, has been given a target of 5,107 new homes every year for the next five years. But the borough delivered an average of only 236 net additional dwellings between 2021-22 and 2023-24.

It did, however, approve 89% of planning applications for housing in the year to June 2024, considerably higher than the national rate of 71%.

Portsmouth, on the south coast, also has a very stretching target. The local council is being asked to deliver 1,021 new homes per year, almost nine times the 120 it delivered on average over the most recent three years.

Hastings has been tasked with a smaller total: 710. But this is still five times the 142 it has delivered on average in recent years.

Portsmouth approved 74% of residential planning applications in the year to June 2024 and Hastings 75%.

Councils were consulted on the targets last summer, with many expressing concerns they were "unrealistic", and the numbers were revised.

Councillor Elizabeth Campbell, leader of Kensington and Chelsea, said it was "out of touch to let algorithms set targets without understanding local context".

"You only have to walk through the streets of our densely built borough to see how unachievable it would be to build 5,107 homes a year here; this borough is only 4.5 miles squared."

She said there were two major sites in the borough that would provide 6,000 new homes in total.

Councillor Darren Sanders, cabinet member for housing at Portsmouth City Council, said the target "does not work" because "most of the city is an island" with a dense population and "important heritage and natural assets".

"Portsmouth has approved more than 4,000 new homes in 2023 and 2024. Any lack of delivery is down to the rising cost of development," he said, "not whether the council approves them."

Sevenoaks councillor Julia Thornton said it was a "top priority" to protect greenbelt land, but added: "We will have a duty to do everything possible to meet the government's new housing targets."

Sir Keir's housing minister, Matthew Pennycook, has said if councils fail to deliver enough houses the government could intervene.

"The government can take a local plan off a local authority that is resisting putting one in place, and we are absolutely willing to do it, if we have evidence that [they] are refusing to comply," he told the BBC.

The obstacles

The government said it had "inherited the worst housing crisis in living memory" and "all areas must play their part".

It has set out "a major planning overhaul… unblocking barriers to building, and setting out targets for councils to ramp up housebuilding, so new homes are built where they are most needed."

Most housing experts agree planning reform is necessary.

Yet analysts say it is not the only obstacle.

The construction industry has warned it is dealing with a chronic shortage of skilled workers.

The Home Builders Federation has cited aging workers and Brexit as some of the factors behind shortages.

The Construction Industry Training Board estimates the sector needs to attract the equivalent of 50,300 extra workers per year to meet the levels of work expected.

There are also concerns about the availability of basic building materials including bricks and timber.

The Construction Leadership Council has warned a shortage of these could hinder the government's ability to get near its target.

Finally, many housing experts doubt private housebuilders are capable of delivering enough new homes each year to reach the targets.

This is because private housebuilders have a commercial interest in not building so many new homes that their average price declines.

The Competition and Markets Authority concluded in February 2024 "private developers produce houses at a rate at which they can be sold without needing to reduce their prices".

A sharp decline in residential planning permissions in England in the year to June 2024 - hitting a new record low - was due to a collapse in applications from private builders, not a decline in the share of applications being approved by local authorities.

This collapse in applications probably reflected the impact of still-high mortgage interest rates and high house prices relative to average incomes, undermining the ability of people to afford newly built houses.

That's why some argue meeting the government's targets will also require a major increase in Whitehall grants to not-for-profit local housing associations, enabling them to build tens of thousands of new social and affordable homes, mainly to be rented out, in the coming years.

Interactive tool developed by Allison Shultes, Scott Jarvis and Steven Connor

About the data

Annual data on new homes for England comes from the government's "net additional dwellings" statistics.

These figures are estimates of changes in the total number of homes in each area, taking account of new build homes and existing building conversions, minus any demolitions.

The targets are the government's new "local housing need" calculations, released following a public consultation.

Planning statistics are taken from quarterly data and combine applications decided for "minor" housing developments (fewer than 10 homes) and "major" schemes (10 homes or more).

The planning data for England is at local authority level. Applications decided by special authorities, such as those in charge of national parks, are not included.

We have included the latest data on new housebuilding "completions" by local authority area for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, but the 1.5 million homes target applies only in England.

BBC Verify logo

Pound falls further as UK borrowing costs soar

Getty Images Three pound coins placed on top of British bank notes.Getty Images

The pound has fallen to its lowest level for nine months after UK government borrowing costs continued to rise.

The drop came as UK 10-year borrowing costs surged to their highest level since the 2008 financial crisis when bank borrowing almost ground to a halt.

Economists have warned the rising costs could lead to further tax rises or cuts to spending plans as the government tries to meet its self-imposed borrowing target.

The government said it would not say anything ahead of the official borrowing forecast from its independent forecaster due in March.

"I'm obviously not going to get ahead ... it's up to the OBR (Office for Budget Responsibility) to make their forecasts."

"Having stability in the public finances is precursor to having economic stability and economic growth," the Prime Minister's official spokesman said.

Shadow chancellor Mel Stride claimed that the Chancellor's significant spending and borrowing plans from the Budget are "making it more expensive for the government to borrow".

"We should be building a more resilient economy, not raising taxes to pay for fiscal incompetence," he said in a post on X.

Gabriel McKeown, head of macroeconomics at Sad Rabbit Investments, said the rise in borrowing costs "has effectively eviscerated Reeves' fiscal headroom, threatening to derail Labour's investment promises and potentially necessitate a painful recalibration of spending plans."

The warning comes after the cost of borrowing over 30 years hit its highest level for 27 years on Tuesday.

Meanwhile the pound dropped by as much as 1.1% to $1.233 against the dollar, marking its lowest level since April last year.

The government generally spends more than it raises in tax. To fill this gap it borrows money, but that has to be paid back - with interest.

One of the ways it can borrow money is by selling financial products called bonds.

Globally, there has been a rise in the cost of government borrowing in recent months sparked by investor concerns that US President-elect Donald Trump's plans to impose new tariffs on goods entering the US from Canada, Mexico and China would push up inflation.

Laith Khalaf, head of investment analysis at AJ Bell, said chancellor Rachel Reeves' Budget in October, which increased borrowing, may have had a small impact but said the UK rises were similar to those in the US.

"In the UK higher yields put pressure on government finances and increase the risk that Reeves will come back with another tax raising Budget," he said.

But he also said the current rises in borrowing costs could be "a storm in a tea cup which dissipates quickly."

The official forecaster, the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR), will start the process of updating its forecast on government borrowing next month to be presented to parliament in late March.

Lynx captured after illegal release in Highlands

Getty Images LynxGetty Images

Police are investigating the illegal release of two lynx in the Highlands and have urged the public not to approach the wild cats.

The alarm was raised at about 16:20 when they were spotted in the Drumguish area, near to Kingussie.

Specially trained staff from the Highland Wildlife Park are assisting officers to trace the animals.

The Cairngorms National Park Authority said they were shy and a "low risk" to humans but added they should not be approached.

A spokesperson said: "We condemn the illegal release of wild animals in the strongest possible terms and we are also concerned for the welfare of the lynx that have been released."

The authority also said people should not attend the area and appealed to anyone with information about the lynx to contact police.

The wild cats were once native to Britain, but were driven to extinction 500 to 1,000 years ago.

But some conservation groups have been campaigning to have the wild cats reintroduced to Scotland.

Lynx to Scotland, a three-charity partnership working to restore lynx to the Scottish Highlands, said it had been made aware of the release.

Peter Cairns, executive director of Scotland: The Big Picture, one of the charities involved, said: "The Lynx to Scotland Project knows nothing of the origin of these two lynx, their history, health status, or who may have released them.

"We understand the frustration of all those who wish to see lynx restored to the Scottish landscape, but an illegal release is not the way to achieve that aim."

Getty Images LynxGetty Images
Lynx were once native to Britain

Mr Cairns said the project had never supported or condoned illegal releases.

He added: "This is unwelcome and grossly irresponsible, but comes at the worst possible time, when stakeholders are engaging in good faith with productive discussions about the possibility of a responsibly managed and fully resourced legal reintroduction."

RSPB Scotland said it was collaborating with the police, relevant governing bodies and partner organisations.

A spokesperson said: "Whilst we support lynx reintroduction as a formerly native species to Scotland, we work within official conservation translocation guidelines and therefore do not support unofficial releases which only set back approved conservation projects."

A spokesperson for farmers' union NFU Scotland said: "We hope that the released predators are caught as soon as possible and before any livestock or any other animals are destroyed.

"We ask all those living and working in the local rural community to be vigilant and report any sightings."

Kevin Keane corr box

There is huge anger among campaigners who have long been arguing for these apex predators to be returned to the wild in Scotland.

It is a highly controversial plan and has required some careful manoeuvring by conservationists to try and make it a reality.

They are convinced these two animals have been illegally released by someone who has grown tired of that process and taken the law into their own hands.

It has happened before with another species.

Beavers were released illegally in Perthshire while consultations over their formal reintroduction were still ongoing and the population has since exploded.

Farmers hate the idea of wild lynx because of concerns they might target their lambs for food.

If that happens in the coming days, campaigners fear it would end their ambitions of a reintroduction for decades.

It is possible the two cats could disappear into the wild, mate and produce the first genuinely wild lynx in more than five centuries.

But experts say the fact these secretive animals have been spotted several times suggests they might actually be too domesticated to survive in the wild.

Red line

'Where do I go?': Chaos on Hollywood streets as people flee

Christal Hayes Anna Waldman gestures a peace sign as she stands with her belongings and three dogs in a trolley. Christal Hayes
Anna Waldman with her three dogs.

Raging wildfires surrounding Los Angeles have spread to Hollywood Hills, a residential neighbourhood overlooking the historic Hollywood area of the city.

The Sunset fire broke out at around 18:00 (14:00 GMT) local time on Wednesday, covering much of Hollywood in thick smoke and forcing an evacuation order.

While driving in Hollywood, I saw many people running away from their homes with whatever belongings they could carry.

As I pulled over, some of them responded to me in fear and anxiety.

"Are you here to help people? Where do I go?" Anna Waldman asked as I got out of my car.

"Where is it safe?"

Above us, sirens had gone off and helicopter blades were whipping.

As I helped her get to a safe area, she told me she was walking her dogs and had planned to stop by a grocery store when she smelled heavy smoke.

She went back home, looked out her windows, and watched the fire move quickly through the Hollywood Hills to within a block from her home.

She packed what she could: food, clothes, blankets, food for her three small dogs.

"I can't believe this," she said in exhaustion.

Makayla Jackson, 26, held her two-year-old son Ramari on the corner of a street as they waited for a ride. They had been evacuated from a homeless shelter that was in danger of burning.

"They just told us to get out and go," she told me.

She said she was heading toward Hollywood High School, where more help was being offered.

Christal Hayes A woman with her daughter stands on a road with a suitcase in one hand and a bag in another. Christal Hayes

Much of the heart of Hollywood is blanketed in thick smoke. You can barely see the tops of the towering palm trees that line streets here.

It is utter chaos on the streets near the fire. People are using sweatshirts to cover their faces so they can breathe. Many are carrying bags and suitcases looking for a place to go.

Some are wearing pyjamas, clearly taken by surprise.

Christal Hayes Several cars lined up on a road near the blaze. 


Christal Hayes

Many of the roads near the blaze, such as the iconic Hollywood Boulevard, which includes the Hollywood Walk of Fame, are gridlocked with traffic.

Some are even driving on the wrong side of the road to escape.

The inferno could be seen from nearby freeways, lighting up the dark with bright red hues.

On the outskirts of the legendary city though, it is as though nothing is happening. People are eating dinner, shopping and going about their evenings.

Oscar nominations postponed because of LA fires

Getty Images A close up image of an Academy Award trophyGetty Images
This year's Oscars ceremony will take place in Hollywood on 2 March

The announcement of this year's Oscar nominations has been delayed by two days because of the deadly wildfires raging in the Los Angeles area.

It had been scheduled for Friday 17 January, but the stars and films up for Academy Awards will now be revealed on 19 January.

The voting for the nearly 10,000 Academy members, which opened on 8 January, has also been extended by two days, until Tuesday 14 January.

Former Oscars host Billy Crystal is among the celebrities who have lost homes in the blaze, as well as Paris Hilton, James Woods and Miles Teller.

'We are thinking of you'

In a letter sent to members on Wednesday, Academy CEO Bill Kramer said: "We want to offer our deepest condolences to those who have been impacted by the devastating fires across Southern California.

"So many of our members and industry colleagues live and work in the Los Angeles area, and we are thinking of you."

Conan O'Brien will host the 2025 Oscars ceremony at the Dolby Theater on Hollywood Boulevard on 2 March.

The fires have caused havoc for residents in Hollywood, as well as the area's film and TV industry.

A raft of LA events and movie premieres - including Unstoppable, Wolf Man, Robbie Williams' Better Man and The Pitt - have been cancelled or postponed.

On Wednesday, an event to announce the nominees for the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) Awards was also called off.

The contenders were announced in a press release instead, with Wicked leading the nominations.

The Substance actress Demi Moore boosted her chances of an Oscar nomination by bagging a Golden Globe award last weeeknd.

The Globes, the first major ceremony of awards season, are considered to be a strong measure of which films have momentum ahead of the Oscars. Other film winners included Emilia Pérez, The Brutalist and Wicked.

In maps: Thousands of acres on fire

BBC Firefighter tackling blazeBBC

Firefighters in Los Angeles are battling a number of blazes in city suburbs, as tens of thousands of residents are forced to flee.

The rapidly changing situation is compounded by Santa Ana winds and extremely dry conditions. Currently authorities say there is no possibility of bringing the fires under control.

The Palisades fire, which is closest to the coast and also the largest, has ripped through picturesque suburbs which are home to many Hollywood stars. More than 1,000 buildings have already been destroyed.

Here's how the fires have spread and are affecting the Los Angeles area.

An overview of the current fires

Map of the current four major fires

Four major fires are currently being tackled.

The Palisades fire was first reported at 10:30 (18:30 GMT) on Tuesday, and grew in just 20 minutes from a blaze of 20 acres to more than 200 acres, then more than tenfold in a matter of a few more hours. At least 30,000 people have so far been ordered to leave their homes.

The Eaton fire grew to cover 1,000 acres within the first six hours of breaking out. It started in Altadena in the hills above Pasadena at around 18:30 local time on Tuesday.

The Hurst fire is located just north of San Fernando. It began burning on Tuesday at around 22:10 local time, growing to 500 acres, according to local officials. It has triggered evacuation orders in neighbouring Santa Clarita.

The latest of the four fires is the Woodley fire, currently 75 acres in size. It broke out at approximately 06:15 local time on Wednesday.

How did the Palisades fire spread?

Map showing three stages of the development of the Palisades fire

The Palisades fire has so far burnt through more than 2,900 acres. The map above shows how rapidly the blaze spread, intensifying in a matter of hours. At just after 14:00 on Tuesday it covered 772 acres and within four hours it had expanded approximately to its current size.

Thousands of people have been forced to evacuate, as more than 1,400 firefighters try to tackle the blaze.

How does the Palisade fire compare in size with New York and London?

Maps showing the size of the Palisade fire when superimposed on to maps of New York (L) and London (R)

To give an idea of the size of the Palisades fire, we have superimposed it on to maps of New York and London.

As you can see, it is comparable in size with the central area of UK's capital, or with large areas of lower Manhattan and Brooklyn.

How the fires look from space

NASA Smoke from the Palisades fire seen drifting out to sea off the California coastNASA

Another indication of the scale of the Palisades fire comes from Nasa's Earth Observatory.

The images captured on Tuesday show a huge plume of smoke emanating from California and drifting out to sea.

Effects of the Eaton fire

Google Earth/Getty Images/BBC Before and after images of the Jewish Temple in PasadenaGoogle Earth/Getty Images/BBC

The Palisade fire is not the only one to have a devastating effect on neighbourhoods of Los Angeles.

The above images show the Jewish Temple in Pasadena before and during the Eaton fire.

The Jewish Temple and Centre's website says it has been in use since 1941 and has a congregation of more than 400 familes.

How far will Donald Trump go to get rid of illegal immigrants?

Briefing | Deportation fixation

It is his signature policy, but the obstacles are daunting

 Asylum-seeking migrants walk along the US-Mexico border fence near the Jacumba Hot Spring, California
Photograph: Getty Images
|STORM LAKE, IOWA

“We’ll get National Guard, and we’ll go as far as I’m allowed to go, according to the laws of our country,” said Donald Trump in November, explaining his plan to rid America of illegal immigrants to Time magazine. “Whatever it takes to get them out.”

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Technology and legal changes are spurring a betting bonanza

The Adani bribery case could upend Indian business and politics

The allegations against the corporate champion may end up being resolved diplomatically rather than in court

The war in Ukraine is straining Russia’s economy and society

Despite advances on the battlefield, pressure is growing



被控受贿8.22亿余元,新疆维吾尔自治区党委原副书记李鹏新受贿案一审开庭

人民日报

2025年1月9日,陕西省宝鸡市中级人民法院一审公开开庭审理了新疆维吾尔自治区党委原副书记李鹏新受贿案。

宝鸡市人民检察院起诉指控:1999年至2023年,被告人李鹏新利用担任青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州委副书记、格尔木市委书记,海西蒙古族藏族自治州委书记,青海省委常委、政法委书记,内蒙古自治区党委常委、组织部部长,新疆维吾尔自治区党委副书记,青海省副省级干部等职务上的便利以及职权或者地位形成的便利条件,为有关单位和个人在矿产开发、企业经营、干部任用等事项上提供帮助,直接或通过他人非法收受上述单位和个人给予的财物共计折合人民币8.22亿余元。检察机关提请以受贿罪追究李鹏新的刑事责任。

庭审中,检察机关出示了相关证据,被告人李鹏新及其辩护人进行了质证,控辩双方在法庭的主持下充分发表了意见,李鹏新进行了最后陈述并当庭表示认罪悔罪。

庭审最后,法庭宣布休庭,择期宣判。

人大代表、政协委员及各界群众三十余人旁听了庭审。

向警察行贿两百万元,莆田一政协委员被撤销资格

北京市纪委监委群众来访接待大厅工作人员表示,办案单位掌握了充分的证据和材料,张金龙行贿的事实已经司法程序确认。莆田市相关部门也向南方周末记者确认,莆田市纪检监察机关已就此事启动核实调查。

南方周末记者 翟星理

责任编辑:钱昊平

 北京市公安局丰台区分局刑侦中队办公地点。(人民视觉供图)

北京市公安局丰台区分局刑侦中队办公地点。(人民视觉供图)

为了追索债权,在北京经商的莆田市政协原委员张金龙向警察行贿237万余元。警察受贿后直接干预办案,以涉嫌虚假诉讼为由将张金龙的“对手”李文新刑事拘留。

案件后被法院受理,但开庭前,受贿的警察落马,张金龙行贿一事被揪出。张金龙一直不承认向警察行贿,称媒体报道系“虚假不实信息”。

2024年12月24日,莆田市相关部门向南方周末记者确认,莆田市纪检监察机关已就此事启动核实调查。

2024年12月25日,北京市纪委监委群众来访接待大厅工作人员表示,办案单位掌握了充分的证据和材料,张金龙行贿的事实已经司法程序确认。

2025年1月3日,政协第八届莆田市委员会常务委员会同意撤销张金龙政协

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校对:星歌

欢迎分享、点赞与留言。本作品的版权为南方周末或相关著作权人所有,任何第三方未经授权,不得转载,否则即为侵权。

美国怎么又烧起来了?

央视新闻

近日,美国加利福尼亚州南部洛杉矶地区山火持续肆虐,截至8日下午已造成至少5人死亡、至少1100栋房屋损毁。著名的主题乐园好莱坞环球影城8日临时关闭。美国总统拜登已取消原定9日至12日访问意大利的行程,以便指挥联邦政府应对加利福尼亚州山火。

7日上午爆发

此次大火自7日上午爆发并持续蔓延,一组延时画面展示了火势在洛杉矶西部逐渐扩大,并蔓延到市区的过程。

当地媒体和民众拍摄的画面显示,在火势最为严重的太平洋-帕利塞德地区,在大风助推下,火焰逼近公路和汽车,滚滚浓烟笼罩了居民区。大批民众驾车逃离家园,造成严重的道路拥堵,一些人被迫弃车逃生,公路上一片狼藉。

8日,山火仍在居民区内熊熊燃烧,消防人员在现场试图扑灭房屋的大火,并阻止火势继续扩大。

“还是逃吧”

洛杉矶县沿海社区太平洋-帕利塞德地区的山火最为严重,强风天气导致火势迅速蔓延。

太平洋-帕利塞德地区居民 彼得:我们看到燃烧的碎片掉落到路上,离我们站着的地方很近,所以在我看来,我们还是逃吧。不论我失去了什么,都已经失去了,我对此无能为力。

受灾民众表示,他们在撤离过程中遇到了交通受阻等难题。在其中一处灾区,养老院工作人员艰难组织行动不便的老人撤离。

受灾民众:我们本来上车准备离开,却发现因为交通不畅,所有人都弃车了,我们也没法前行,所以我只能下车步行。烟雾太刺鼻了。

养老院工作人员:撤离过程十分艰难,老人们站不起来,只能依靠轮椅行动,我们只能把他们抬起来,抬到面包车里。

除了撤离过程的不便,惨重的经济损失也令当地灾民感到心痛不已。灾民中有些人在2018年发生在加州的山火中已经遭受了重大财产损失。

受灾民众 德韦恩:简直就像是世界末日,我开车经过时感觉像是穿过战区,我不知道该说什么。我无以言表,太震惊了,我为我们的社区被摧毁感到难过。现在,我甚至不知道,我们该怎么从这些损失中恢复过来。

央视记者直击山火

央视记者 刘骁骞:我身后天空弥漫的浓烟就是正在蔓延的帕利塞德山火。和大家来介绍一下最新的采访情况。我们刚刚前往圣塔莫尼卡市采访,刚到没多久,我们的手机上就收到了大量洛杉矶县政府发出的强制撤离的短信,要求所有居民必须立刻撤离,因为山火正在向居民区蔓延。在一个街角,我们看见警察拉起了一层又一层的警戒线,因为地势比较高的居民区已经有火势,我看见很多居民想要回家取东西,但是都被阻拦了。

同时在我们采访期间,不断有警车出现,用广播形式来通知大家撤离是一个强制要求。在我们返回的路上,就看见非常多的居民从他们的家中出现,带着亲人,一些必要的行李,还有他们的宠物撤离该区域。我询问这些居民他们将去哪里,大家都说目前最初的考虑也只是先离开这个区域,之后再根据火势的情况再来做决定。

目前洛杉矶风势非常大,这一切都不利于火势控制。而且与之前洛杉矶发生过的山火相比,风势向内陆刮,也导致了山火会对居民区的威胁更大。目前洛杉矶很多地区空气质量都非常差。

很多居民现在主要关心两点:第一点,他们现在所处的居住区域是否安全,但是专家没有办法给出特别好的解释,因为风势不停在变化,有三处火点也都是朝着居民区来蔓延。第二点,居民考虑受山火影响,空气质量变差会不会对身体健康有所影响。目前专家只是告诉大家,出门需要戴口罩,才能够防止山火对健康带来的这些影响。接下来,我们也将前往洛杉矶靠北的地区进行采访。

洛杉矶县共有6处山火

当地时间8日,总台记者获悉,数千建筑在山火中被摧毁,目前洛杉矶县共有6场山火,且火势迅速蔓延,相关区域仍未得到有效控制,形势严峻。

其中,太平洋-帕利塞德地区的山火已烧毁超过15800英亩(约63.94平方公里)的土地,摧毁至少1000栋建筑,成为洛杉矶县有史以来最具破坏性的火灾;另一场位于帕萨迪纳以北的伊顿大火(Eaton Fire)也已扩展至逾10000英亩(约40.47平方公里),约13000栋建筑受到威胁,当地民众被迫紧急撤离。

与此同时,好莱坞地区发生新火情并引发强制疏散令,居民正迅速撤离火灾高风险区域。受山火影响,洛杉矶联合学区宣布全区学校于1月9日停课。

根据洛杉矶县政府官网,该地区目前有6处危险性山火蔓延。

帕利塞德大火(Palisades Fire),面积超过15800英亩;

伊顿大火(Eaton Fire),占地10500英亩;

赫斯特大火(Hurst Fire),占地约850英亩;

利迪亚大火(Lidia Fire),已蔓延到80英亩;

伍德利大火(Woodley Fire),已蔓延到30英亩。

日落大火(Sunset Fire),已蔓延到20英亩。

美国气象部门预计,大风天气将持续数天,在山区和丘陵地带产生的阵风风力可达每小时160公里。洛杉矶消防局官员表示,火势在强风下持续扩大,给消防工作造成极大困难。

洛杉矶消防局局长 克里斯汀·克劳利:强风和周围的地形加剧了火势,这对我们消防人员来说,是极大的挑战。

山火为何一年比一年猛

据美国加利福尼亚州林业和消防局1月6日更新的统计数据,新年仅仅6天,加州就发生了35起山火。为何加州山火如此频繁,且来势汹汹?

欧洲森林研究所专家 林登·普龙托:我认为加州一年到头都有山火季节并不奇怪,然而如此破坏规模的山火在一月份并不常见。

自20世纪80年代以来,加州助燃植被的数量一年翻一倍,所以山火季节也越来越长。当然,还有不断恶化的干旱因素,在过去的几十年里,这已经成为加州山火越来越多的一个原因,更温暖、更干燥的冬季,接下来是更炎热、更干燥的夏季,最终就会在加州看到这种复合效应,一年中无论是在12月还是1月,此前不太会发生山火的月份,看到更极端的山火。

气候专家指出,加州山火频发,与其自身气候特征密不可分。加州属地中海气候,年初冬季温和多雨,年中夏季高温且干燥。南加州经历了20年的干旱,随后又经历了两年异常湿润的年份,这引发了杂草灌木等助燃植被“疯狂生长”。夏季到来后,高温干燥又带走树木中水分,在秋季大风助燃下成为肆虐的山火。而在全球气候变暖影响下,这种情况在频繁加剧。

另外,加州还有特殊的“圣安娜风”。“圣安娜风”是秋冬季节出现在加州南部山谷中的季风,来自南加州内陆荒漠地带,吹向太平洋沿岸,风速时常高达每小时80至120公里,而湿度在10%以下,所以“圣安娜风”极度干燥,易引发山火,被当地人称作“魔鬼之风”,此风横行之季,就是山火高发时节。

此外,山火连年造成惨重损失,有自然因素,更有人为因素。比如人为纵火、山林区大量建房、输电线路密集且设施老化等因素也是加州山火加剧的原因之一。

网络编辑:明非

央行将在港发行600亿元离岸央票,继续向市场释放稳汇率信号

21世纪经济报道 见习记者 林秋彤

在2025年初的年度工作会议上明确释放出稳汇率信号后,央行已做好出手准备。

1月9日,央行宣布,将在1月15日(周三)通过香港金融管理局债务工具中央结算系统(CMU)债券投标平台,招标发行2025年第一期中央银行票据。

第一期中央银行票据面值为人民币100元,采用荷兰式招标方式发行,招标标的为利率。期限为6个月(182天),为固定利率附息债券,到期还本付息,发行量为人民币600亿元,起息日为2025年1月17日,到期日为2025年7月18日,到期日遇节假日顺延。

央行表示,此次在香港市场发行600亿元央票,是基于中国人民银行与香港金融管理局签署的《关于使用债务工具中央结算系统发行中国人民银行票据的合作备忘录》,目的是丰富香港高信用等级人民币金融产品,完善香港人民币收益率曲线。

东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青指出,央行票据是央行在市场上发行的一种短期债务工具,具有回笼资金、收紧市场流动性的效果。一般来说,在香港离岸市场发行人民币央行票据,也就是“离岸央票”,除了调节离岸市场人民币流动性外,还能够丰富离岸市场高信用等级人民币金融产品,完善香港人民币债券收益率曲线,以及推动人民币国际化。

此前,王青对21世纪经济报道记者表示,对于“央行出手”的时间点,一方面需观察市场汇率对中间价的偏离程度是否接近2%。另一方面还需观察境内市场美元兑人民币期权隐含波动率是否快速冲高或持续处于5%以上的高位。

中国外汇交易中心显示,2025年开年第一周,人民币中间价基本稳定在7.1878左右,在1月6日达到最高值7.1876,最后有所回落,在1月8日下调至1.1887。Wind数据显示,2025年1月以来,离岸人民币汇率整体上在7.33至7.36区间内波动,1月3日有小幅回落突破7.35,1月7日则回升至7.3406。

分析来看,2025年1月以来,离岸人民币汇率和人民币中间价的偏离幅度维持在2%以上,最高达到2.37%。

前海开源基金首席经济学家杨德龙对21世纪经济报道记者表示,本次600亿元离岸央票为目前单次最大发行规模。这一举动意味着,央行继续释放出稳定人民币汇率的信号。近期,受到美元走势的影响,非美货币整体承压,在岸和离岸人民币对美元的汇率跌破7.3。一方面,央行在这个时点发行离岸央票,将会吸引更多离岸人民币,有利于维护离岸人民币汇率基本稳定。另一方面,此举也为海外投资者提供了高信用等级高质量人民币投资产品,有助于完善香港人民币债券收益率曲线,这对于推动人民币汇率回升有一定的帮助。

杨德龙还表示,央行在今年开年以来释放出明确强势的稳汇率信号,未来人民币汇率将保持基本稳定,双向浮动。此外,央行的外汇工具箱比较丰富,包括加大逆周期调节因子使用,增加离岸央票发行规模,收敛离岸市场流动性等。在美联储降息的背景之下,预计美元指数会在后期出现回落,推动人民币等非美货币出现升值。

王青认为,着眼于有效应对外部经贸环境变化,2025年人民币汇率弹性趋于加大,贬值容忍度也会有所提高,但会继续围绕合理均衡水平双向波动。如果未来出现人民币汇率背离基本面的急涨急跌情况,监管层稳汇市工具会及时出手。

王青进一步指出,除了强化在岸市场人民币中间价调控,适度调节离岸市场人民币流动性之外,还可择机动用下调境内企业境外放款的宏观审慎调节系数(控制资本外流)、下调外汇存款准备金率(在境内释放更多美元流动性)、下调境内美元存款利率(抑制境内购汇需求)、上调远期售汇风险准备金率(抑制境内购汇需求)、上调跨境融资宏观审慎调节参数(便于境内企业增加跨境融资额度)等政策工具。历史表明,这些政策工具能够起到有效引导市场预期,防范汇率超调风险的作用。

网络编辑:明非

2024年全国安全生产事故死亡人数为历史新低

过去一年来,应急管理部推动有关部门出台重大事故隐患判定标准61项,约谈十余个地方政府和中央企业负责人,企业自查发现重大隐患数量较2023年增长26.1%。部门每千次检查发现的重大隐患由4.9项上升到32.1项。

南方周末记者 李桂

责任编辑:钱炜

2024年7月17日,新疆石河子,国家矿山安全监察局新疆局矿山安全生产明查暗访组在兵团第八师新疆天富集团南山煤矿小沟四号煤矿检查。(视觉中国/图)

2024年7月17日,新疆石河子,国家矿山安全监察局新疆局矿山安全生产明查暗访组在兵团第八师新疆天富集团南山煤矿小沟四号煤矿检查。(视觉中国/图)

2024年全国生产安全事故起数和死亡人数同比分别下降11.2%、7.7%,死亡人数为历史新低,重特大事故起数历史性下降到个位数。自然灾害因灾死亡失踪人数继续控制在千人以下,森林草原火灾起数再创历史新低。2025年1月7日至8日,在北京召开的全国应急管

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校对:星歌

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學人Scholar|三辉图书最新发声:没有财务困难,结束运营是一个主动选择

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知名图书品牌“三辉图书”今天(1月9日)在官方微信公众号发文《致关心我们的朋友们》(见下文引用),对大家关心的问题进行了回应。

文中提到,三辉的结束,并没有财务困难,而是主动的选择。

三辉结束的消息传开后,我们收到很多朋友的关心、问询,还有朋友愿意出资,帮助三辉继续下去。我们很感激。但三辉的结束与这些无关,三辉的财务也并无困难,结束运营,是一个主动的选择。 

我们崇尚这个古老行业的知性和审美,坚信这些禀赋在任何时代都将不可阻挡地成长,坚信人们终将拥有老康德在二百年前所说的,“在一切事情上公开运用自己理性的自由” 。

感谢二十年来帮助过我们的所有译者、作者和读者,感谢我们所有慷慨的合作伙伴,感谢曾经为三辉努力付出过的几十位同事,感谢所有关心我们的朋友!

有朋友在注释尼采遗稿时写了这么一段话,放在这里,作为结束:“他只走三公里,剩下七公里留给读者自己走,这可能意味着,逻辑尽头前的那七公里,对不完美的世界、对众人而言是不必要的推论,让它沉寂在人迹罕至的暗处,未尝不是一种对公共美善的致敬和服从。” 

2025年1月9日 此前有很多读者询问二十周年纪念册和过往的图书如何购买。 纪念册在这个链接中可以看到: https://www.jianguoyun.com/p/DWgKmjAQ54WJBxi91bkFIAA, 最后一段时间的合作方,如南京大学出版社和商务印书馆,他们的网店中还能够买到我们的书,大家可自行搜索。

再次感谢!

——“三辉图书”微信公众号

CDT 档案卡
标题:三辉图书最新发声:没有财务困难,结束运营是一个主动选择
作者:學人Scholar
发表日期:2025.1.9
来源:微信公众号“學人Scholar”
主题归类:三辉图书
CDS收藏:公民馆
版权说明:该作品版权归原作者所有。中国数字时代仅对原作进行存档,以对抗中国的网络审查。详细版权说明

2024年10月30日,“三辉图书”公开宣布,已于去年10月底起停止经营。

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三辉图书的最后一本书是蒂莫西·米切尔(Timothy Mitchell,1955— )的《碳民主:石油时代的政治权力》(Carbon Democracy:Political Power in the Age of Oil)(石油储量如何影响现代民主|新书)。这本书由三辉图书与南京大学出版社合作出版,豆瓣网上的信息显示出版时间是2024年6月,或许此书的出版过程也不少波折。

三辉图书豆瓣的官方简介写着:三辉图书,成立于2003年,是一家专事策划出版的图书公司。致力于引进、策划、出版思想、社科、学术、文化类的精品图书,由严搏非先生主持。三辉图书选题取舍的起点全然发乎以下初衷:

所有的出版都应该围绕一个核心使命:为当下我们遇到的问题提供思想。我所想的,只是为这个未知的世界留存一些思想,尽管很微不足道……(严搏非)

2016年三辉图书被新京报书评周刊评为“年度出版品牌 ”,颁奖词如下:

一个坚持了十年的文化品牌,一家几乎没有出过畅销书的出版公司,在连生存下来都算奇迹的文化环境之下,拓展了当代社会的思想视野,为中国学术界和公共话语空间提供了崭新的思想资源。从托尼·朱特到普里莫·莱维,从芭芭拉·塔奇曼到阿扎尔·纳菲西,在过去的十年,三辉让这些闪耀着思想与人性光辉的名字,成为这个时代阅读与思考的主潮。

2015年,三辉图书的总策划人严博非被经济观察报评为“年度致敬出版人”,颁奖词如下:

严搏非先生致力于在一个彻底世俗化的时代寻找一种属于思想的尊严,用严肃的阅读和积极的公共讨论,去发现内在思想的丰富,保卫现代危机的阴影之下脆弱但是高贵的精神生活。而在属于他的园地之中,严先生用属于自己的方式坚守着精神生活的底线,用逼仄的夹缝之中的人文精神,为更多的人拓展出一片思想的空间,在市场与政治之间,重新建立精神秩序。

2008年,严搏非在接受《新民周刊》的一篇采访(何映宇:《严搏非:我不研究畅销书》)中提到,三辉的选书,与他“对未来的悲观想象相关”;公司的图书基本上不能赢利,“这也说明了思想的消退,尤其是人们对公共领域的思想话题的兴趣在减弱”。在记者问道“你对近十年中国的畅销书是否有过研究?在中国,畅销书是否有规律可循?”时,他简短回应:“我没有研究。”访谈相关内容节录如下:

《新民周刊》:就我看到的三辉图书的书目,还是以学术为主,你开书店、做出版是为了实践自己的学术理想?

严搏非:三辉图书已经出版了200多种书了,我很感谢几家合作机构,它们一直容忍我的固执,陪着我一起做这些目前还看不到盈利前景的思想学术类的图书。做这些书与我个人的学术兴趣自然是相关的,但同时也有其他的考虑,主要是与我对未来的悲观想象相关。今天人类终于进入了一个物质主义的消费世界,当所有的神圣事物都不再与我们的世俗生活相关的时候,所有的个人都将成为孤独的失去理想的个人,再无某种终极关怀将他们连接起来,这是自轴心文明以来没有过的,是世界性的“三千年未有之变局”。这时的人类将不再能应对大危机,社会一旦发生崩溃将无法重建。而我们现在正走向这样的时代。我所想的,只是为这个未知的世界留存一些思想,尽管很微不足道。

《新民周刊》:这些书是否能够盈利呢?或者说,如果书店能够盈利,你是不是就不必太在意三辉公司的盈利状况?

严搏非:这些书基本上不能赢利。这也说明了思想的消退,尤其是人们对公共领域的思想话题的兴趣在减弱。不过如果我能将库存书即使以比较低的价格销售出去,公司还是能够持平的。所以我应该特别谢谢当当网和李国庆,国庆最近帮助我消化了一部分库存,是为了支持三辉这样的学术出版。三辉是一间独立公司,在理论上它是不能占用书店的资金的。

《新民周刊》:做大的民营企业几乎都走过这样的道路:老板制—少数股东制—内部股份制—内外部参股公司—上市公司。书店和三辉现在属于哪一种?

严搏非:书店和三辉都是有限责任公司,有若干股东,有董事会。在经营上,都是总经理负责制。

《新民周刊》:我想开公司总是想盈利,希望能扩大再生产的,你对近十年中国的畅销书是否有过研究?在中国,畅销书是否有规律可循?

严搏非:我没有研究。

《新民周刊》:陈寅恪的书一度销得不错,高端的学术书或文化类书籍达到一个不错销量,与媒体有多大关系?

严搏非:思想类的图书其实是有需求的,如果言论环境能够更自由些,更多的公共问题可以公开直接地讨论,许多思想类图书的销售是可以成倍增长的。但现在,很多学院里的知识分子都回到专业中去了,对公共问题的关注,比几年前弱了很多。当然,这里还有一些其他的原因,包括物质主义盛行。

三辉图书曾策划出版“白灰皮书系”、“中生代丛书”、“共和译丛”、“剧场和戏”等影响广泛的丛书和书系,并最早引进安伯托·艾柯、尼尔·波兹曼、安·兰德、托尼·朱特、马克·里拉、普里莫·莱维等重要作家,迄今出版社科、学术、人文精品图书四百余种。

三辉图书更新了二十周年纪念册(附总书目),在开篇写着:

感谢所有为三辉工作过的以及帮助过三辉的朋友,

愿我们都有顺利的未来。

❌