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川普下最後通牒 揚言對俄施加次級制裁

null 周子馨
2025-07-15T04:58:07.851Z
川普週一警告,俄羅斯若不在50天內與烏克蘭達成和平協議,就將對俄羅斯實施新制裁

(德國之聲中文網)美國總統川普週一(7月14日)表示,若俄羅斯在50天內無法與烏克蘭達成和平協議,他將對莫斯科實施100%「非常嚴厲」的「次級關稅」。

美國商務部長盧特尼克(Howard Lutnick)和駐北約大使惠特克(Matt Whitaker)解釋,川普指的是「次級制裁」,也就是針對購買俄國能源的第三國徵收關稅,藉此在國際上進一步孤立莫斯科,也標誌著川普政府對俄羅斯政策的重大轉變。

川普也再次對俄國總統普丁表示不滿:「我跟他的對話都很愉快,但到了晚上飛彈又開始發射……這場戰爭就是一直持續、沒完沒了。」

川普過去長期以來不諱言對外展現他與普丁的好關係,並多次宣稱俄羅斯比烏克蘭更願意達成和平協議。他還曾指控澤倫斯基拖延戰爭,甚至稱他為「沒有選舉的獨裁者」。

然而,俄羅斯繼續對烏克蘭平民區發動空襲,川普推動俄烏停火的耐心也明顯耗盡。今年4月,川普曾呼籲普丁停止攻擊基輔地區,隨後又在社群平台上批評普丁:「根本是瘋了!」

川普週一在白宮會晤北約秘書長呂特

儘管川普過去曾批評援助烏克蘭是在浪費美國納稅人的錢,但川普的親密盟友、共和黨參議員格雷厄姆(Lindsey Graham)13日在CBS「面對全國」節目中表示,「你會看到武器以前所未有的速度送往烏克蘭」,稱這場衝突正接近一個轉捩點。

格雷厄姆還說:「普丁最大的誤判之一,就是試圖操控川普。你等著看吧,未來幾天和幾週,將會出現大規模的外交努力,逼普丁上談判桌。」

俄羅斯議員科薩切夫(Konstantin Kosachev)則稱川普的制裁威脅,目前為止都「只是空談」;針對美國和北約軍援烏克蘭的計畫,他則稱「唯一的受益者就是美國的軍工複合體」。

曾在今年2月前往沙烏地阿拉伯與美方官員舉行會談的俄國國際投資特使德米特里耶夫(Kirill Dmitriev)也在Telegram上表示,相較於「注定失敗的壓力手段」,美俄之間更應該展開建設性對話。

經濟施壓與關稅計畫

川普宣布次級制裁方案的同時,美國兩黨議員也正在推動一項法案,授權川普政府對俄羅斯實施類似措施。

這項草案將提高對俄制裁,並授權川普政府對從購買俄羅斯石油、天然氣和其他出口商品的國家,加徵500%的關稅,但川普尚未明確表態支持。他週一表示:「我不確定我們是否需要這項法案。它可能很有用,但我們得觀察看看。」

長達3年多的俄烏戰爭期間,西方國家切斷了與莫斯科對外的大部分金融管道,但未能限制俄羅斯向其他地區出售石油,讓莫斯科仍能繼續向中國和印度等國家出口,賺取數千億美元的利潤。

維也納國際經濟研究所(WIIW)俄羅斯專家阿斯特羅夫(Vasily Astrov)向DW指出,跨黨派議員提出的制裁法案主要應是針對中國和印度。

阿斯特羅夫表示,「中國現在是俄羅斯最重要的貿易夥伴」,2024年約占其進口的40%和出口的30%,且軍工產業的關鍵進口產品都經中國和香港進行。

印度在支撐俄羅斯經濟方面也具關鍵作用,因為印度和中國共同吸收了「俄羅斯一半以上的石油出口」。

根據芬蘭智庫「能源與清潔空氣研究中心」的數據,自2022年12月5日歐盟禁止進口俄羅斯石油以來,中國購買了47%的俄羅斯原油出口,印度占38%。

相关图集:俄乌战争三周年

威胁加剧:2021年底的卫星图像显示,俄罗斯军队和重型武器正在俄罗斯小镇叶利尼亚(Yelnya)附近集结,该镇靠近白俄罗斯边境。2021年11月11日,美国时任国务卿布林肯(Antony Blinken)警告俄罗斯总统普京不要入侵乌克兰。但此举未能阻止普京。2022年2月24日普京下令对乌克兰发动全面入侵。
向乌克兰境内发动火箭弹袭击:2022年2月24日的军事行动中,多枚火箭袭击了乌克兰多座城市,包括首都基辅、敖德萨(Odesa)和哈尔科夫(Kharkiv)。基辅一座军事大楼被击中后着火。尽管莫斯科方面坚持称之“特别军事行动”,但事实上一场全面战争已经爆发。
布查大屠杀:数周之内,乌克兰军队成功将俄军赶出了北部城市。然而俄军撤离后,战争罪行浮出水面。布查(Bucha)地区的平民遭受折磨和屠杀的影像传遍了全球。当局报告称,布查地区共有超过 1100名平民被杀。调查人员表示,此次大屠杀是有计划、有针对性的“战略性”暴行。
生活被摧毁:根据莫斯科方面的说法,对乌克兰的“特别军事行动”原本只打算持续三天时间。然而三年过去了,战争仍在继续。根据智库“战争研究所”(Institute for the Study of War)的最新报告,目前俄罗斯控制着乌克兰约20%的领土,主要集中在东部。这张照片拍摄于2023年5月的顿涅茨克(Donetsk)。
“公然违反国际法”——俄罗斯在吞并地区举行“公投”:2022年9月,俄罗斯单方面吞并了乌克兰四个地区——卢甘斯克(Luhansk)、顿涅茨克(Donetsk)、扎波罗热(Zaporizhzhia)和赫尔松(Kherson),总面积约9万平方公里。一年后,这四个地区被纳入俄罗斯地区选举。在一次被称为“公然违反国际法”的投票中,普京领导的“统一俄罗斯党”在四个地区均以超过 70%的得票率获胜。
数百万人流离失所:乌克兰战争导致数百万人逃离家园,欧洲爆发自二战以来最大规模的难民潮。据联合国统计,乌克兰境内有370万人因战争流离失所,超过600万人向西逃往欧洲,主要前往波兰和德国。
马里乌波尔——乌克兰抵抗的象征:2022年,俄罗斯对乌克兰南部城市马里乌波尔(Mariupol)围攻长达82天。该市遭到猛烈轰炸,最后乌克兰守军被围困在钢铁厂内。俄罗斯轰炸一家医院后,一张孕妇被紧急撤离的照片震惊世界。这张照片由乌克兰记者拍摄,后来凭借纪录片《马里乌波尔的20天》(20 Days in Mariupol)获得奥斯卡奖。
克里米亚大桥被炸:克里米亚大桥(Crimea Bridge)全长19公里,是欧洲最长的大桥,连接俄罗斯南部与克里米亚半岛。2022年10月,乌克兰发动爆炸袭击,导致与公路桥并行的铁路桥上一货运列车上7个油罐被点燃,公路桥部分路段受损坍塌。2023年7月,克里米亚大桥再次因乌克兰军队袭击而受损。
环境灾难:2023年6月6日,卡霍夫卡大坝(Kakhovka Dam)发生爆炸,导致水库中的水涌入第聂伯河(Dnipro River)。乌克兰和俄罗斯互相指责对方实施了破坏行为,但事发时该大坝是由俄罗斯控制。这场洪水引发了一场环境灾难,摧毁了数千座房屋,可能还造成了数百人死亡。事后有记者发现,俄罗斯方面故意少报了死亡人数。
能源基础设施成为攻击目标:俄罗斯对乌克兰能源基础设施实施了系统性打击。研究人员指出,在俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰一年后,乌克兰76%的热力电厂被摧毁。至2024年9月,这一比例上升至95%。此外,乌克兰电网也遭到严重破坏,导致大范围停电,尤其在冬季,大规模停电也令人道主义危机进一步加剧。
乌克兰袭击俄罗斯领土:2024年8月,乌克兰武装部队首次对俄罗斯境内发动攻势,在边境,乌军几乎没有遭遇抵抗,并一度控制了库尔斯克地区(Kursk)约1400平方公里土地。但之后,三分之二占领区域重被俄军夺回。
无人机之战:俄罗斯和乌克兰都使用无人机进行侦察、监视和定点攻击。专家表示,目前乌克兰战场上至少有100种不同类型的无人机,大小从玩具到小型飞机不等。2024年3月,乌克兰宣布,年产无人机可达400万架。
战争造成巨大破坏:三年战争给乌克兰留下了永久的伤痕。在乌克兰东部和南部,许多城镇因遭到俄军炮火袭击如今已成“鬼城”。位于顿涅茨克地区的博戈罗季奇内镇(Bohorodychne)于 2022年6月遭受俄军猛烈攻击,现在几乎成了一座空城。
生活仍在继续:并非整个乌克兰都处于战争前线。在远离战火的地方,生活仍在继续。商店、咖啡馆和餐馆照常营业,人们通过安装发电机来应对停电。
美国是否继续支持乌克兰存疑:美国总统特朗普曾表示,他希望在“24小时内”结束乌克兰战争。然而,他至今未能实现这一承诺。无论是特朗普与俄罗斯的“亲密关系”、他近期施压乌克兰让其与美国签署矿产协议,还是与乌克兰总统泽连斯基(Volodymyr Zelenskyy)的口水战(特朗普称其为“未经选举的独裁者”),都引发了乌克兰及其盟友对美国是否会继续支持乌克兰的担忧。

歐洲盟友將為援烏武器買單

週一,川普在白宮會晤北約秘書長呂特(Mark Rutte)時透露,歐洲盟國將為烏克蘭購買「數十億美元」的美國軍事裝備,其中包含川普此前宣布的「愛國者」防空系統。這對烏克蘭抵禦俄羅斯無人機與飛彈攻擊至關重要。

此前,美國五角大廈曾以國內庫存短缺為由,一度暫緩對烏軍援。

呂特表示,德國、芬蘭、加拿大、挪威、瑞典、英國和丹麥將參與購買並供應烏克蘭武器,部分武器將會先送達烏克蘭,之後再由這些國家向美國補購。

德國政府發言人科內利烏斯(Stefan Kornelius)回應,德國已提議出資為烏克蘭提供2套「愛國者」防空系統。此前,德國已從國內庫存向烏克蘭援助3套「愛國者」系統。

德國國防部長皮斯托里烏斯(Boris Pistorius)週一也啟程前往華盛頓,準備與美國國防部長赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)會晤。出發前,皮斯托里烏斯對媒體表示:「我們決心承擔歐洲在威懾與防衛上的更多責任,同時也認識到,美國的貢獻對我們的集體安全仍然是不可或缺的。」

週一晚間,烏克蘭總統澤倫斯基在社群媒體上表示他已與川普通話,兩人討論了「必要的手段與解決方案,以更好地保護人民免於俄羅斯攻擊,並強化我們的防線」。他也補充說,川普「同意更頻繁通話」,並協調雙方未來的行動。

澤倫斯基在Telegram上說:「我們希望美國發揮領導作用,因為很明顯,莫斯科不會自己停手,除非它的野心被武力制止。」

DW記者Thomas Kohlmann對此文有貢獻

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France signals willingness to discuss reparations for colonial massacres in Niger

Paul Voulet and Julien Chanoine, who led the Mission Afrique Centrale in 1899.

More than a century after its troops burned villages and looted cultural artefacts in the quest to include Niger in its west African colonial portfolio, France has signalled willingness over possible restitution, but is yet to acknowledge responsibility.

France remains open to bilateral dialogue with the Nigerien authorities, as well as to any collaboration concerning provenance research or patrimonial cooperation,” the office of France’s permanent representative to the UN wrote in a document seen by the Guardian.

The 19 June response was given to a letter dated two months earlier from a UN special rapporteur working on a complaint by four Nigerien communities representing descendants of victims of the 1899 Mission Afrique Centrale (MAC), one of the most violent colonial campaigns in Africa.

“Although France was aware of the atrocities at the time, no MAC officer has ever been held responsible for these crimes … France has not conducted any official inquiry or acknowledged the horrors inflicted on the communities affected,” wrote Bernard Duhaime, a professor of international law at the University of Quebec in Montreal and the UN special rapporteur working on the case.

In 1899, French officers led by the captains Paul Voulet and Julien Chanoine marched tirailleurs – as the African soldiers under their command were known – through communities in present-day Niger. They killed thousands of unarmed people and looted supplies, terrorising local people into compliance. The next year, Niger became officially absorbed into French west Africa.

“I have come to establish an empire,” Voulet reportedly said, according to the American historian Matthew G Stanard in his 2009 book The Killer Trail: A Colonial Scandal in the Heart of Africa. “If I must kill, I will kill. If I must burn, I will burn. Every means is justifiable.”

In Birni-N’Konni alone, an estimated 400 people were massacred in a day. Entire villages along the mission’s path – including Tibiri, Zinder and smaller communities – were burned and looted, with corpses hung at their entrances. Some survivors fled to neighbouring Nigeria and never returned.

When Paris dispatched Col Jean-François Klobb to replace Voulet in July that year and end the bloodletting, the superior officer was shot to death by soldiers acting on the latter’s instructions.


In recent years, France has begun to engage with its historical wrongdoings in Africa even as anti-French sentiments soar across the continent. In 2021, President Emmanuel Macron admitted France’s responsibility in the Rwandan genocide. A year later, Paris acknowledged the 1945 massacre of tens of thousands of Algerian civilians in Sétif. In May 2023, it issued a formal apology for the brutal repression of the 1947 Malagasy uprising.

Still, there has been a reluctance to acknowledge the Voulet-Chanoine mission, which is largely absent from French schoolbooks and only faintly remembered in Niger’s national curriculum. Instead, there was a bureaucratic cover-up and accounts of survivors’ descendants have been weak or subdued, often due to decades of silence and trauma.

The case relied on documents written by Nigerien historians and limited archival materials including reports by Voulet himself, said the British-Senegalese lawyer Jelia Sané who worked with the affected communities. The communities are now requesting access to official archives in order to reveal the true extent of the atrocities.

“The graves of some of the [French] troops are still in those communities today, even though the victims were never memorialised,” said Sané.

For Hosseini Tahirou Amadou, a history and geography teacher in Dioundiou who began the campaign in 2014, acknowledging the atrocities would be the first step in the right direction. “After this recognition, now we can move on to the next step, which is reparation,” he said. “During these crimes, precious objects linked to our historywere stolen to France. We need their return.”


In its response to the UN special rapporteur, the French government neither denied nor admitted the atrocities, but cited the principle of non-retroactivity of international law, saying any treaties it was deemed to have contravened were ratified long after the incident occurred.

“It is well established that for a violation of international law to give rise to responsibility, the obligation must be in force vis-a-vis the state and the violation must occur at the time the act is committed,” the letter read. Paris also said it was yet to receive restitution requests concerning MAC-related looted artefacts or human remains from Nigerien authorities.

“They don’t dispute [the incident] overtly or implicitly … they don’t really engage with the facts,” Sané said. “However, it’s not really possible for them to dispute these things because they investigated a number of these allegations themselves.”

The case findings will be included in the next UN human rights report and presented to the general assembly in October. Historians say it could promote continent-wide conversations on reparations.

The African Union has labelled 2025 the Year of Reparations, after a decade of sustained lobbying by four Nigerien communities that was accelerated in 2021 after the release of the BBC documentary African Apocalypse, which was screened in French and Hausa around the country.

In 2021, Germany formally acknowledged colonial-era genocides in Namibia and pledged €1.1bn over 30 years in aid as a form of symbolic reconciliation, though it stopped short of calling it reparation or compensation.

The matter of monetary compensation is yet to be addressed by the communities as the exact number of victims remains unknown. However, the historian and former higher education minister Mamoudou Djibo is adamant that things are not at that stage yet.

“We are not beggars,” he said. “Our demand for reparation is not systematically that we are given money but that first of all, France recognises that it has committed crimes against humanity. When this is recognised, we will be ready to dialogue.”

In its letter, France said its schools taught the history of colonisation and that “the level of curriculum-writing leaves great pedagogical freedom to teachers to address these themes”, but did not clarify if the Voulet-Chanoine mission was included.

Back in Niger, Amadou is waiting for the crimes to be taught in French schools and for what he considers the bare minimum – a memorial to the massacre. “These communities deserve to have monuments, because these are things that should not be forgotten,” he said.

Tiraileurs Senegalais troops. Amedee-Francois Lamy was a French military officer. He was born at Mougins, in the French departement of Alpes-Maritimes on 7 February 1858 and died in the battle of Kousseri on 22 April 1900. The battle of Kousseri originated in French plans to occupy the Chari-Baguirmi region. In 1899–

“中国冲击2.0”比上一次严重得多

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“中国冲击2.0”比上一次严重得多

DAVID AUTOR, GORDON HANSON
Carolina Moscoso
1999年至2007年间,中国首次颠覆美国经济时导致美国制造业近四分之一的就业岗位流失。这场被称为“中国冲击”的现象由一个非同寻常的进程所驱动——中国在20世纪70年代末从毛泽东时代的中央计划经济向市场经济转型,这一转变迅速将中国的劳动力和资本从集体化的农村农场转移到资本主义的城市工厂。来自中国的廉价商品浪潮瓦解了美国许多以制造业为支柱的地方经济基础,比如曾经自诩为世界运动衫之都的弗吉尼亚州马丁斯维尔,以及自诩为世界家具之都的北卡罗来纳州海波因特。二十年过去了,当地劳动者仍未走出失业阴霾。尽管这些地区经济开始复苏,新增岗位却多集中于低薪行业。与此同时,纺织、玩具、体育用品、电子、塑料和汽车零部件等数十个劳动密集型产业也遭遇了类似的命运。
然而,大约在2015年前后,中国完成了毛泽东式经济到制造业大国的转型,这场冲击开始趋于平缓。此后,美国制造业就业人数开始反弹,在奥巴马总统、特朗普第一任期和拜登总统执政期间都在持续增长。
那么,你可能会问,为什么我们还在谈论“中国冲击”呢?其实我们也希望不用再谈。我们与苏黎世大学的戴维·多恩合作,在2013年2014年2016年发表了研究成果,首次详细阐述了中国进口竞争如何通过导致就业和收入的永久性下降重创美国部分地区。但现在我们在这里要指出的是,政策制定者花费了太多时间回顾过去,执着于打上一场战争。他们要做的应该是把更多精力用来对付正在浮现的新一轮中国冲击。
剧透一下:这次冲击可能要严重得多。
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“中国冲击1.0”是一次性事件。从本质上讲,中国只是明白了如何做它几十年前就应该做的事情。在美国,这导致了不必要的痛苦失业。但美国本来就不会在Temu上卖网球鞋或组装AirPods。中国的制造业劳动力大军据信远超1亿,而美国只有1300万。认为美国能够——甚至应该——同时在半导体和网球鞋等领域与中国竞争,这种想法简直是异想天开。
正在加速逼近的“中国冲击2.0”标志着中国从弱者蜕变为强者。如今,中国正强势进军美国长期居于垄断地位的创新领域:航空、人工智能、通信、微处理器、机器人、核能与聚变能、量子计算、生物医药、太阳能、电池技术。掌控这些领域意味着多重红利:高利润与高薪职位创造的经济收益;引领技术前沿获得的地缘政治影响力;掌控未来战场的军事优势。通用汽车、波音和英特尔这些美国的国家旗舰企业虽然辉煌不再,但它们如果真的消失,必将让人体会到它们曾经的举足轻重。中国的技术愿景已在非洲拉丁美洲东南亚乃至日益于东欧重塑政府与市场格局。随着美国退守"让美国再次伟大"的孤立主义,中国的影响力预计将进一步增长。
在20世纪90年代和21世纪初,中国的民营企业与跨国公司合作,将中国变成了“世界工厂”。新的中国模式则不同以往,现在是它的民营公司与中国政府合作。中国构建起一套高效灵活却成本高昂的创新生态系统,在这个系统中,市长、省长等地方官员的政绩考核从粗放的GDP总量增长指标转向特定先进产业的增长。
在成为中国第二大电动车生产基地之前,合肥只是贫困内陆省份一座毫不起眼的省会城市。通过设立风投资金,押注困境中的电动车企,并加大对本地研发的投入,合肥在短短五年内就一跃跻身中国的一线工业城市之列。
中国已多次创造此类奇迹。全球最大、最具创新力的电动车制造商(比亚迪)、电动车电池生产商(宁德时代)、无人机企业(大疆)和太阳能硅片制造商(隆基绿能)生产商,都是成立不到30年的初创企业。这些企业之所以能取得压倒性的技术和价格领先地位,并非因为习近平主席下达的指令,而是因为它们在中国工业政策推动下的“经济达尔文主义”中脱颖而出。世界其他国家尚未做好与这些顶级捕食者竞争的准备。当美国的政策制定者嘲笑中国的产业政策时,他们脑海中浮现的可能是空中客车的缓慢起飞,或是Solyndra(一家破产的美国太阳能公司)的黯然退场。殊不知更该仰望的,是盘旋在乌克兰上空嗡嗡作响的大疆无人机群。
当中国劳动力成本优势耗尽时,“中国冲击1.0”注定会减弱,这在当前已成现实。中国在服装和大众家具等行业的增长已落后于越南。但不同于美国,中国没有回头哀悼其失去的制造业实力,而是正将重点放在21世纪的关键技术上。与依赖廉价劳动力的战略不同,只要中国拥有资源、耐心和进行激烈竞争的自律,“中国冲击2.0”就会持续下去。
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如果你怀疑中国的能力或决心,那你就错了。根据澳大利亚国防部资助的独立智库澳大利亚战略政策研究所的数据,在2003年至2007年间,美国在64项前沿技术中有60项领先于中国,而中国仅三项领先。但在最新的涵盖2019年至2023年的报告中,这一局面彻底反转:中国在64项关键技术中领先57项,而美国领先的只有七项。
美国的反应是什么?基本只有关税:同时对所有东西、所有国家征收关税。这种策略即便用来应对20年前美国输掉的那场贸易战都嫌拙劣。按照目前的发展轨迹,我们或许真能重获那些生产网球鞋的工作。若再进一步,到2030年,我们可能会在得克萨斯州组装iPhone,这项工作非常乏味,工资也很低,讽刺报纸《洋葱报》曾调侃说,“中国工人唯恐自己永无被机器取代之日。”
单靠关税永远无法让美国成为一个有吸引力的创新之地。关税固然该纳入贸易武器库——但应该作为精确武器,而不是无差别杀伤的地雷,同时重创敌人、朋友和平民。
那还有别的选择吗?在我们十年前进行中国研究之前,我们和许多经济学家一样认为,自由放任的贸易策略优于其他混乱的替代方案。现在我们不再这么认为了。美国对“中国冲击1.0”的应对失策告诉我们,需要更好的贸易战略。更好的战略是什么样子?正如爱因斯坦所说,凡事力求简洁,但不能过分简化。我们无意给出过度简化的答案,谨此提出四大核心原则。
首先,政策制定者必须认识到,我们对中国的大部分困境也是我们的商业盟友共有的。我们应该与欧盟、日本以及同我们签订了自由贸易协定的许多国家(如加拿大、墨西哥和韩国)步调一致,而不是因为它们竟敢向我们出售我们想要购买的产品,就用高昂的关税惩罚它们。如果电动车关税是由一个美国牵头的广泛自愿联盟采取的,情况就会大不一样。
同时,我们应该鼓励中国的电池和车企赴美建厂,就像中国在过去30年里吸引美国大企业在那里设厂一样。为什么要邀请这些无情的竞争者来到美国的土地上呢?中国的政策制定者经常援引“鲶鱼效应”——强大的外国竞争对手刺激弱小的国内“沙丁鱼”游得更快,否则就会被吃掉。当中国的电动汽车制造商还是沙丁鱼时,特斯拉的上海超级工厂就成了它们的鲶鱼。如今特斯拉在中国不再是一条鲶鱼,而越来越像一条惶惶不安的沙丁鱼。
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邀请中国在美国生产是否会引起国家安全方面的担忧?当然,在某些情况下会的。正因为如此,我们要自己开采稀土金属,禁止使用华为的网络设备,用实力雄厚的日本和韩国盟友提供的船只和货物起重机对我们的船队和港口进行现代化改造。但是,如果我们把中国的领先产业拒之门外,我们就只能面对本土的平庸情况。
第二,美国应该向中国学习,积极推动新领域的实验与创新。选择在战略上至关重要的行业(无人机、先进芯片、核聚变、量子、生物科技),并对其进行投资。然后采取“中国模式”,即美国政府设立大型风投基金,不渴求单个企业或项目的成功率,而着眼于培育新兴产业方面的整体成功率。
这种方法在第二次世界大战期间(科学研究与发展办公室为我们带来了喷气推进技术、雷达和量产青霉素方面的重大进展)、登月竞赛(美国国家航空航天局设计了安全往返的计划)和曲速行动(联邦政府与大型制药公司合作,以创纪录的速度研发出新冠病毒疫苗)当中都起了作用。
这些新的生态系统将需要配套的基础设施:可靠而廉价的能源供应、稀土、现代航运和拥有充满活力的STEM项目的大学。这将意味着撤回对煤炭和石油等传统行业的补贴,恢复联邦政府对科学研究的支持,欢迎而非妖魔化愿意帮助美国进步的外国优秀技术人员。在这一点上,我们主张在美国建立一个政治上独立的战略投资机构,类似于美联储,但针对的是创新而不是利率。
第三,选择可胜之战(半导体)与必守之地(稀土),进行长期投资以取得理想的结果。美国政治体系的注意力持续时间就像吸食可卡因的松鼠。它如此频繁地改变奖惩措施,以至难以产生积极成功。不管你认为拜登总统的《通货膨胀削减法案》是否值得,但像最近的国内政策立法所做的那样,在气候技术方面的所有新投资启动三年后就大举撤裁,是一个糟糕的主意。同样,像特朗普呼吁国会所做的那样,草率地终止优秀的、为振兴国内半导体制造业而成立的“芯片与科学”团队,美国在人工智能芯片领域的领导地位必将受损。两党一致认为,对抗中国对于经济未来的安全至关重要,这为我们的经济政策保持一定的连续性带来了一丝希望。
第四,防止下一次重大冲击造成失业的破坏性影响,无论冲击是来自中国还是其他地方(你听说过人工智能,对吧?)在过去20年里,制造业工作岗位的流失给美国带来了一系列的经济和政治问题。在此期间,我们了解到,通过联邦贸易调整援助计划延长失业保险和工资保险,以及社区大学提供适当类型的职业和技术教育,可以帮助失业工人重新站稳脚跟。然而,我们执行这些政策的规模太小,针对性也太弱,无法发挥很大作用,而且我们正在朝着错误的方向前进。不可原谅的是,国会在2022年取消了对贸易调整援助的资助。
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没有任何经济政策可以使失业变得毫无痛苦,尤其是当失业使你所在的行业或家乡失去元气的时候。但是,面对行业崩溃,我们最好的反应是让失业的工人迅速找到新的工作,并确保那些带来美国净就业增长的年轻小企业做好准备。关税只能局限在保护老牌制造业,非常不适合这项任务。
我们正面临重大的利益攸关时刻。我们盯着后视镜,却看不清前方的路。我们当前道路上的一些里程标志包括美国技术、经济、地缘政治和军事领导地位的衰落。应对“中国冲击2.0”需要发挥我们的优势,而不是舔舐伤口。我们必须培育具有巨大创新潜力、由公私部门共同投资的产业。这些产业在全球范围内都大有可为,中国早在十年前就意识到了这一点。美国必须停止纠缠过往贸易战,去迎接当前的中国挑战。

David Autor是麻省理工学院的经济学教授。Gordon Hanson是哈佛大学肯尼迪学院的经济学教授。他们都因研究全球化(尤其是中国的崛起)如何重塑美国劳动力市场而闻名。

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印度外長時隔5年訪中:解決邊境摩擦是互信基礎

德闻
2025-07-15T03:55:53.262Z
印度外長蘇杰生這次出訪中國將參與上海合作組織的天津會議。

(德國之聲中文網)印度外交部長蘇杰生(Subrahmanyam Jaishankar)週一在北京先後會見了中國國家副主席韓正和外長王毅。這是他5年來第一次造訪中國;蘇杰生表示,解決中印邊境的摩擦並維持和平,是兩國互信的基礎。

路透社報導,蘇杰生說中印兩國過去9個月內在實現關係正常化上取得「良好進展」,重要的是兩國繼續推動邊境爭端緩解、撤軍,並且應避免具限制性的貿易措施和壁壘。

據《印度快報》等印媒引述,蘇杰生表示:「我們今天所面臨的國際局勢非常複雜,印度和中國身為鄰國和主要的經濟體,公開交換意見和觀點非常重要。」

蘇杰生也在X平台發文稱注意到兩國關係有改善,「相信此次出訪也會繼續保持這樣的正面發展」。

王毅則提到兩國領袖去年在俄羅斯喀山的會晤。根據中國外交部聲明,王毅稱雙方當時達成了重要共識,「為中印關係改善和發展指明方向……中印關係保持改善發展勢頭,來之不易,值得珍惜」。

王毅還表示,中國將加強跟印度的溝通協調,「共同維護多邊貿易體制、全球產供鏈穩定和開放合作的國際環境」。

中印關係在2020年急轉直下,當時雙方軍隊在喜馬拉雅山區的加勒萬河谷(Galwan Valley)爆發了40多年來最血腥的武裝衝突,此後兩國軍事對峙達4年。直到去年10月,中國國家主席習近平和印度總理莫迪出席喀山金磚峰會時,在場邊舉行5年首次正式會談,兩國關係逐漸解凍。

相关图集:中印边境冲突的渊源

中印2000公里边境, 12万平方公里纠纷:中印边界总长近2000公里,另外还有12万平方公里的区域存在领土纠纷。有领土纠纷的边界涉及西段(600公里)、中段(450公里)和东段(650公里)3个部分。2020年5月,中印在锡金北部发生冲突(中段);6月16日,中印在拉达克的巴勒万河谷(西段)发生士兵肢体冲突,造成数十人伤亡,至少印方称有20名士兵死亡。
麦克马洪线:马克马洪线(McMahon Line,东段线)是一条英国探险家测量印度时画下的一条英属印度同西藏之间的边界。1914年,英国外交官麦克马洪召集中、印、藏三方会议,由于中华民国不同意分割西藏的麦克马洪线、藏方未能得到事先秘议的独立转而也放弃承认麦克马红线,结果中藏均没有签署《西姆拉条约》。印度和缅甸则认为麦克马洪线是历史疆界。时至今日,中华人民共和国虽然拒绝承认麦克马洪线,但把它看作是实际控制线。1962年中印之战中,中国军队虽然一度占领了该地重镇达旺,但后来撤回到实际控制线以北。
藏南(印度:阿鲁纳恰尔邦): 藏南在印度被称为“阿鲁纳恰尔邦”(Arunachal Pradesh,东段线),面积约为6万平方公里,位于喜马拉雅山脉的南侧。它的西面是不丹,东面是缅甸,向南是印度,北边是中国的西藏。中国称该地为藏南,属于西藏自治区行政区划。不过,按照“麦克马洪线”的划分,该地属于印度,印度也实际控制该地,只是藏方以及中华民国当年均拒绝在条约上签字。中华人民共和国成立后延续这一路线。1948年,刚刚独立的印度开始派兵进入这个地区,1960年,印度完全占领了麦线以南部分,中国控制麦线以北。1972年,印度在该地成立阿鲁纳恰尔中央直辖区,1987年,该区改为“阿鲁纳恰尔邦”。
锡金问题:英国于1887年强占锡金国,次年出兵西藏。1950年,独立之后的印度称为锡金的保护国,1975年正式将其纳为“锡金邦”。2003年,印度总理瓦杰帕伊访问中国后,北京承认新德里对锡金的主权,同时印度亦承认中国对西藏主权。2005年之后中国出版的地图上已不再将锡金标注成主权国家。
1962年中印之战: 印度总理尼赫鲁大败:1960年4月,中印两国政府为寻求解决领土争端,由中国总理周恩来与印度总理尼赫鲁在新德里会谈,但未取得共识。1962年中印边境战争爆发。中国军队当年10月20日从边境的东西两处同时发起进攻时,兵力是印度军队的5至10倍。中国军队当时一直深入到印度今天的阿鲁纳恰尔邦省和喜马拉雅地区。整个战争延续了一个月,总共造成2000人丧生。1962年11月20日,中国单方宣布停火,并撤至麦克马洪线后20公里处。战争之后中印关系因边界冲突走入低谷。
中印关系改善,甘地总理开启总理互访:1988年12月19日至23日,印度总理拉吉夫·甘地对中国进行正式访问并与邓小平会晤。这是34年来印度总理首次访问中国。这次访问被看作是中印关系经过多年的紧张期之后开始转暖的标志。1993年,印度总理拉奥( Narasimha Rao)访华期间,双方签署了《关于在中印边境实际控制线地区保持和平与安宁的协定》。这次访问标志着中印关系开启了一个新的时代。自上世纪九十年代以来,中印双方共签署了5个有关和平解决边境冲突的协定。
特别代表会晤机制,习莫频繁会晤:自2003年中印建立边界问题特别代表会晤机制以来,双方已举行22轮特代会晤。印方的特别代表是国家安全顾问,中方最高代表则多为外交部长。中国国家主席习近平同印度总理莫迪之间的互动相当频繁。
2017年中印洞朗地区对峙:占地约100平方公里的洞朗(Doklam)是中国和不丹之间存有争议的地区,印度也从未对该地宣示过主权。2017年6月,印度以“接到不丹政府的求助”、“支持不丹主权”为由,派兵越过中印边界,阻止中国在那里修筑公路,形成同中国军队长达71天的对峙。不丹是中国14个邻国中唯一一个没有与中国建交的国家,其国家的外交权和防务权掌握在印度手中。2014年莫迪以总理身份第一个访问的国家便是不丹。
2020年中印冲突又起:5月5日,在位于拉达克地区的海拔四千多米的班公错湖(Pangong Tso lake,西段),中国和印度军方人员相互投掷石块、木棒、铁棍等,双方都有人员受伤。5月9日,印度锡金邦那图拉山口(中段),中印军人相互投石并发生肢体冲突,有数十人受伤。 6月16日,在加勒万河谷(Galwan valley,西段)的中印士兵冲突中,有3名印度士兵在与解放军的冲突中死亡。当天稍晚时,印度军方宣布印度士兵的死亡人数提升至20人。

今年6月,印度防長辛格(Rajnath Singh)在青島參加上海合作組織(SCO)會議時,曾與中國防長董軍會面。會後印方發聲明表示,針對邊境爭端應尋求永久的解決方案。

蘇杰生此行將出席上合組織在天津舉辦的外長會。上合組織包含10個成員國,中國將之定位為與西方聯盟抗衡的力量,持續推動成員國在安全、貿易和科學等領域加深合作。不過,印度同時也加入了西方主導的同盟,包含四方安全對話(QUAD),成員國包含印度、美國、日本和澳洲。

除了邊境爭端,中印之間也存在其他分歧。流亡印度的第14世達賴喇嘛本月初在達蘭薩拉度過90歲生日,宣布將延續轉世制度,按照歷史傳統尋訪、認證,「任誰皆不具備認證轉世的正當性,這一原則永遠不會改變!」

印度議會與少數民族事務部長李繼竹(Kiren Rijiju)也表態支持達賴喇嘛的傳統轉世制度:「沒人有權干涉或決定達賴喇嘛尊者的繼任者是誰,只有他本人或他的機構有權做此決定。」

對此,中國外交部發言人毛寧7日要求印度「認清十四世達賴的反華分裂本質」,並避免為此破壞中印關係。

13日,中國駐印度使館發言人Yu Jing在X平台發文,批評有些戰略與學界人士針對達賴喇嘛轉世發表了「不當言論」、跟印度政府的官方立場背道而馳。該貼文以拼音Xizang來稱呼西藏,而非國際上一般使用的Tibet一詞,並把西藏議題形容為「中印關係之中的一根刺......打西藏牌,必會自討苦吃。」

DW中文有Instagram!歡迎搜尋dw.chinese,看更多深入淺出的圖文與影音報導。

© 2025年德國之聲版權聲明:本文所有內容受到著作權法保護,如無德國之聲特別授權,不得擅自使用。任何不當行為都將導致追償,並受到刑事追究。

Who's missing from the BBC salaries list, and why?

BBC Claudia Winkleman on The Graham Norton ShowBBC
Claudia Winkleman hosts The Traitors and Strictly Come Dancing, and filled in for Graham Norton on his chat show

The BBC's annual report will be published later, with Gary Lineker and Zoe Ball likely to top the star salaries list for the last time.

The pair have occupied the top two slots on the rankings every year since 2020, but both have recently exited their respective programmes.

Ball left the Radio 2 Breakfast show in December, three quarters of the way through the financial year, while Lineker recently stood down from the BBC sooner than planned after reposting a controversial Instagram reel about Zionism.

Scott Mills has taken over the Radio 2 breakfast show (Ball now hosts Saturday afternoons), while Kelly Cates, Mark Chapman and Gabby Logan are the new faces of Match of the Day. Their new salaries are all expected to appear in full next year.

But there are plenty of other stars who make huge sums of money from the BBC whose names never appear on the list, due to the criteria used to compile it.

As a result, the corporation's salary disclosure is far from a complete picture of what top talent at the BBC earn.

Why are some names missing from the BBC salary list?

Rylan Clark on stage presenting Comic Relief 2025
Rylan Clark's BBC work includes Eurovision, an Italian travel documentary, interview programmes and a Radio 2 show

The BBC publishes the names and salaries of stars and executives who earn above a certain threshold (currently £178,000) every year.

But while there are many stars the BBC employs directly, the corporation also contracts a large number of production companies, including the corporation's own commercial arm, BBC Studios, to make some of its programmes.

The stars who are subsequently employed by those production companies are not directly employed by the BBC, and therefore not on the salaries list.

Because BBC Studios is a commercial organisation, not underpinned by the licence fee, it is in competition for business with the BBC, streaming services and other broadcasters.

As a result, its salaries aren't included, so that there is a level playing field for it to compete in the commercial market.

To make things more complicated, some shows which air on the BBC are not solely funded by it. Industry, for example, is a co-production with HBO, while the last series of Doctor Who was partly funded by Disney+.

That means it's not necessarily the case that the salaries of big stars associated with these shows are funded exclusively from licence fee money.

Which stars do not appear on the salaries list?

David Mitchell, Rob Brydon and Lee Mack on the set of Would I Lie To You>
L-R: David Mitchell, Rob Brydon and Lee Mack would all be listed for BBC work such as Would I Lie To You?

It would be almost impossible to come up with a full, exhaustive list, but here are a few examples of names who are absent, in no particular order.

Rylan Clark is missing, despite hosting a weekly Radio 2 show, covering the Eurovision Song Contest, fronting an Italian travel series with his friend Robert Rinder, and his special one-off interview programmes with Cher and Mariah Carey.

His fellow X Factor graduate Stacey Solomon is also not listed, even though she fronts Sort Your Life Out and appears on her own reality TV series with husband Joe Swash.

Rob Brydon would be included on a more comprehensive list for hosting Would I Lie To You?, as well as his role in Gavin & Stacey's Christmas special, and his new job fronting the corporation's forthcoming competition format Destination X.

His Would I Lie To You? co-star Lee Mack would also be listed if directly employed by the BBC, thanks to his role as team captain, as well as for writing and starring in sitcom Not Going Out.

David Mitchell would also have made the list, not just due to his role as the show's other team captain, but also for BBC work such as his lead acting role in drama Ludwig.

Another popular Friday night panel show, Have I Got News For You would also see team captains Paul Merton and Ian Hislop appear on the list.

On one tetchy exchange on Have I Got News For You in 2019, then-MP Johnny Mercer suggested Hislop earned £20,000 per episode - a figure Hislop did not dispute.

Other stars who do not appear include Alan Carr (Interior Design Masters), Alison Hammond (Florida Unpacked and Alison Hammond's Big Weekend), Jools Holland (Later) and Dannii Minogue (I Kissed A Boy).

Romesh Ranganathan on the set of The Weakest Link, and Richard Osman on the set of House of Games
Most quiz show hosts such as Romesh Ranganathan, Richard Osman (both pictured), and Ross Kemp are absent

Quiz show hosts as a breed are generally nowhere to be seen. Ross Kemp does not appear for Bridge of Lies, nor does Sandi Toksvig for QI.

Victoria Coren-Mitchell does not appear for Only Connect, while Sue Perkins is absent for Chess Masters: The Endgame (she also hosts Radio 4's Just A Minute).

The weekday edition of Pointless would almost certainly land Alexander Armstrong on the list if compiled differently, along with his Pointless Celebrities co-star Richard Osman, who also fronts BBC Two's House of Games.

Romesh Ranganathan hosts a variety of programmes for the BBC, including a weekend Radio 2 show, The Weakest Link and his Misinvestigations series, but is unlisted.

The huge number of high-profile actors who appear in BBC dramas and comedies are missing, too.

These include Sherwood (starring Lesley Manville and David Morrissey) Mr Loverman (Lennie James), Wolf Hall: The Mirror and the Light (Mark Rylance and Damian Lewis), Ludwig (Mitchell and Anna Maxwell Martin), and The Responder (Martin Freeman).

Other popular BBC dramas and comedies not eligible to appear on the list include The Gold, Rebus, This City Is Ours, Blue Lights, Mrs Brown's Boys, and the Gavin & Stacey Christmas special, written by and starring James Corden and Ruth Jones.

Stars who appear in continuing dramas such as Death in Paradise, Waterloo Road, Casualty, EastEnders and Call The Midwife also do not appear.

Elsewhere, Morning Live presenters Michelle Ackerley and Gethin Jones are absent, as are the stars of Homes Under The Hammer, Bargain Hunt, The Repair Shop and Saturday Kitchen.

Craig Revel Horwood, Motsi Mabuse, Shirley Ballas and Anton Du Beke
Strictly's four judges (pictured) and host Tess Daly do not appear on the salaries list

There are some other stars who fall into a middle category - those who do appear on the list, but only for some of their BBC work.

For example, Vernon Kay is listed for his weekday Radio 2 show, the most popular radio programme in the country.

But, if he co-hosts an episode of The One Show, his fee for that is not included in his published salary.

Similarly, Lauren Laverne does not have her One Show appearances included, but she appears for hosting Radio 4's Desert Island Discs and her BBC Radio 6 Music show.

The One Show's other presenters, such as Alex Jones, Roman Kemp, Clara Amfo, Angellica Bell, Ronan Keating, Alex Scott and countless others also wouldn't be listed - although some appear for other BBC work.

Elsewhere, presenters such as Clive Myrie, Fiona Bruce, Evan Davis and Amol Rajan are listed for their work on news programmes, but not for the entertainment and documentary formats they also front.

Touker Suleyman, Sara Davies, Emma Grede, Deborah Meaden, Steven Bartlett, Peter Jones on Dragons' Den
The investors who appear on Dragons' Den do not have their own appearance fees listed

As we reported last year, one name who would potentially be at the very top of a more complete list is Michael McIntyre. He is effectively the corporation's equivalent of ITV's Ant & Dec, hired to front Saturday night shows throughout the year such as The Wheel and his Big Show.

Elsewhere, Bradley Walsh would likely feature for anchoring Gladiators and Blankety Blank, while Graham Norton would appear for commentating on Eurovision and his BBC One chat show.

Claudia Winkleman is another of the corporation's biggest names, as the host of Strictly Come Dancing and The Traitors, arguably the BBC's biggest new hit of recent years. She also filled in for Norton on his chat show this year.

Top Gear may have been rested, but its former lead anchor Paddy McGuinness now fronts a Sunday programme on Radio 2, and also took over from Gregg Wallace as the host of Inside The Factory.

McGuinness's former Top Gear co-star Freddie Flintoff has similarly gone on to front Field Of Dreams following the motoring show's hiatus.

Gregg Wallace may have been sacked, but until his departure he would have appeared on a more comprehensive list for the huge number of MasterChef episodes he fronted, as would his co-star John Torode.

Every big name associated with Strictly is missing, with Tess Daly, Shirley Ballas, Anton Du Beke, Motsi Mabuse and Craig Revel Horwood all unlisted.

The Apprentice has been one of the BBC's biggest hits for two decades, but the star responsible for its success, Lord Sugar, does not have his salary listed. His assistants Baroness Brady and Tim Campbell don't either.

And the BBC's other big business-based show, Dragons' Den, does not list the salaries for its investors Peter Jones, Deborah Meaden, Sara Davies, Touker Suleyman and Steven Bartlett.

Freeholders begin High Court challenge over reforms

BBC Front view of a new-build block of flatsBBC
Leasehold campaigners say they don't feel represented in the legal challenge

A group of landowners is beginning a judicial review in the High Court to challenge the government's attempts to reform the freehold and leasehold system of property ownership.

Some of the country's wealthy landowners and two charities who own the freehold leases of thousands of properties - predominately flats - argue that legislation brought in by the last Conservative government contravenes their human rights.

They say the measures in a law passed in 2024 are contrary to their right to enjoy private property as enshrined in the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR).

But leaseholders are concerned the hearing will hold up reforms, and complain their voices are not represented in court.

Reuters Michael Gove pictured on a building site in a hard hat. He has his hands behind his back and he is looking out of a window. Another man, also in a hard hat and high vis jacket is just behind him.Reuters
The legislation being challenged was brought in by Michael Gove

The hearing is set to start at the High Court from Tuesday and is expected to last until Friday.

When the Leasehold and Freehold Reform Act (LAFRA) was fast-tracked through Parliament before the 2024 general election, the prospect of new laws to "strengthen" rights of leasehold flat and house owners were widely welcomed by leasehold campaigners.

Among other things, the act aimed to simplify extending a lease - the owners' right to live in the dwelling - and buying a freehold. It would also make the process cheaper for leaseholders.

But several freeholders are challenging some aspects of the new laws concerning the price calculations for a lease extension.

In earlier court documents, it was claimed they could lose hundreds of millions of pounds and argue that the changes leave them without adequate compensation.

Some also argue it prevents them from investing in areas where their properties are and could impact the community and their charitable giving.

They also say that changing the way the amounts are calculated between leaseholders and freeholders would transfer the wealth to large landlords who own multiple flats in central London.

But leaseholders fear the legal challenge could hold up reform for years.

There are an estimated 4.5 million owners of leasehold properties in England and Wales. Scotland abolished leasehold in the 1980s, and the leasehold system in Northern Ireland is slightly different.

Phil Jones, 57, bought his two-bedroom leasehold flat in Westcliff-on-Sea 25 years ago. He recently found out that his ground rent doubles every 10 years and is now at £500 per year.

He said his freeholder said the ground rent could be scrapped if Phil paid £60,000, which he couldn't do.

He says this makes his flat unsellable because mortgage companies will not lend on a property with a doubling ground rent clause in its lease.

"Life is on hold," he said. "I'm trapped here. The effect it has on us, it's so unfair."

He questioned how the freeholders can bring such a case when the legislation has already been given Royal Assent, or become law.

"All parties have decided, it's all been passed, it was in the King's Speech, just do it," he said.

Phil Jones Man stands outside his leasehold flat. He is wearing a purple t-shirt and staring at the camera. Behind him, the windows of the flat are visible, and pink flowers in a window box.Phil Jones
Phil Jones doesn't want reforms held up by legal argument

The legislation at the centre of the case was introduced when former Conservative minister Michael Gove was housing secretary. The Labour government has promised to go further but Mr Jones worries this will delay changes that could benefit him.

Labour has promised to abolish leasehold altogether by the end of the Parliament and bring in a commonhold model. It also wants to regulate ground rents.

But it still hasn't implemented all of the laws in LAFRA and says a new bill will be introduced later this year.

The government has been cautious about setting out hard deadlines while the legal challenge is pending.

Leasehold groups are also angry that their application to speak on behalf of flat owners was not allowed to be part of the case.

Harry Scoffin, founder of Free Leaseholders, said: "Despite our best efforts to intervene, not a single leaseholder voice will be heard at the High Court. Is this how democracy is supposed to run?

"We urge the government not to cave to this campaign of intimidation by rich vested interests and to press on to end the feudal leasehold system, as they promised in their manifesto."

There are six claimants representing a number of freeholders in the case, including the Cadogan group, a family owned company which has owned land in London for 300 years; the Grosvenor Group, owned by the Duke of Westminster and the John Lyon's Charity.

Contributor Dr. Lynne Guyton, is CEO of John Lyon’s Charity. She is sitting at a desk writing. Contributor
Lynne Guyton says that under new laws, millions of pounds would be redirected from a children's charity to private wealth

The charity uses its revenue from property it owns to give grants to organisations that help under privileged children.

It says changes to the laws will have "unintended consequences" that actually benefit wealthy leaseholder landlords who own flats in its property portfolio in St John's Wood, while the charity will lose revenue.

The charity says it backs leasehold reform generally but is asking to be exempt from the changes.

CEO Dr Lynne Guyton said: "This reform pulls the rug out from underneath those who need the most support across the capital.

"Without an exemption, we will lose at least 10% of the charity's income. It will put educational, mental health, art, emotional support and youth programmes all at risk."

PA Minister Angela Rayner walking away from a car with an open door. She is wearing a white jump suit and sunglasses.PA
Angela Rayner is responsible for steering housing reform through Parliament

The leasehold system dates back to the Middle Ages but the system as we know it came about in the 1920s.

Both the previous Conservative and the current Labour governments have called it "feudal" and vowed to reform it but campaigners say they've waited decades for change.

Deputy Prime Minister Angela Rayner told MPs on Monday: "This week the High Court will be hearing challenges to some of the [2024] Act enfranchisement reforms, and we'll be robustly defending those challenges, and we'll await the court's judgement."

The government said it could not comment further on ongoing litigation.

We contacted the other freeholders or their legal representatives for comment but did not get an official response.

Additional reporting by Phil Hendry

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The Papers: 'Killer aristocrat' and Trump's 'warning to Putin'

The headline on the front page of the Financial Times reads: “Trump threatens 100% trade levies if Russia does not end the war in 50 days”
Donald Trump's threats of severe tariffs on Russia is leading the front pages of Tuesday's papers, with the US president pushing for Moscow to accept a deal to end the war within 50 days. The Financial Times says Trump has told Russia to expect 100% "secondary" tariffs if the Ukraine war does not end within the timeframe, with a picture of Nato chief Mark Rutte meeting the US president at the White House.
The headline on the front page of the Guardian reads: "Trump issues warning to Putin as he does deal with Nato to arm Kyiv"
The Guardian has also headlined with Trump and Putin, writing that the US president has issued a "warning" to the Kremlin after agreeing a deal with Nato to arm Ukraine. Meanwhile, Ben Stokes and Shoaib Bashir are pictured embracing after a win for England in the third test against India.
The headline on the front page of the Daily Telegraph reads: "Trump threatens China over Russian oil"
"Trump threatens China over Russian oil", reads the headline of the Daily Telegraph, after the US president used the threat of "secondary tariffs" to try to leverage an end to the war in Ukraine. A photo of Constance Marten posing on a beach features on the front page, after the 38-year-old woman was found guilty of manslaughter by gross negligence following the death of her newborn daughter in 2023.
The headline on the front page of the Daily Mail reads: "The killer aristocrat: why daughter of privilege had four children taken into care".
Marten and her partner Mark Gordon were also splashed across the front page of the Daily Mail, with the paper revealing that the couple's first four children were all taken into care. Gordon has previously been convicted of rape in the United States, where he served 20 years in prison.
The headline on the front page of the Metro reads: "Arrogance of monster parents"
"Arrogance of monster parents," says the Metro, which also leads on the guilty verdicts of Marten and Gordon. It comes more than two years after the decomposed body of their baby, Victoria, had been discovered in a shopping bag in Brighton.
The headline on the front page of the Times reads: "New grant to push sales of electric cars for net zero".
Marten is pictured again on the front page of the Times, this time holding a young child. The main story is about a government scheme offering £3,750 to people switching to an electric vehicle, with the subsidies tiered to incentivise purchasing the most "environmentally sustainable" models.
The headline on the front page of the Star reads: "We are the champions".
A photo of Chelsea hoisting the Club World Cup trophy features on the front page of the Daily Star, with Trump pictured getting caught up in the celebrations.
The headline on the front page of the Sun reads: "End of Torode?".
Gregg Wallace and John Torode are the feature story on the Sun, pictured with the headline "End of Torode?". Torode has said he is subject to an allegation of using racist language, upheld as part of an inquiry into separate allegations against co-host Gregg Wallace. The paper says the BBC and production company Banijay had asked Torode to leave MasterChef and claim he had mental health issues following the allegation, but he refused. On Monday night, BBC insiders distanced themselves from that claim. Torode wrote on Instagram that the allegation was that he made the remarks in 2018 or 2019 and that he had apologised immediately afterwards. He added that he had "no recollection" of any of it, and that he "did not believe that it happened."
The headline on the front page of the Mirror reads: "Sacked Gregg: I won't be the last".
"Sacked Gregg: I won't be the last", declares the Daily Mirror, after the former MasterChef presenter said the BBC had failed to protect him. Wallace said he was "deeply sorry for any distress caused" after the BBC published a report upholding 45 of the 83 claims about his behaviour.
The headline on the front page of the Daily Express reads: "Next tax raid will 'pick the pockets' of the grafters".
The Daily Express has led on Rachel Reeves' upcoming budget, warning of higher taxes for middle-class workers.
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Biggest human imaging study scans 100,000th person

Bourigault et al. 2024 An image from the UK Biobank project. It shows for MRI scans of the body showing the legs and major organs including the heart, spine and stomach in different colours.Bourigault et al. 2024
Thousands of scans of each participant are recorded and stored as part of the imaging project. Here showing images of the abdomen and major organs

Scientists say they can study our bodies as we age in greater detail than ever before, thanks to more than a billion scans of UK volunteers.

The world's biggest human imaging project says it has now hit its target of scanning the brains, hearts and other organs of 100,000 people - the culmination of an ambitious 11-year study.

"Researchers are already starting to use the imaging data, along with other data we have, to identify disease early and then target treatment at an earlier stage," says Prof Naomi Allen, chief scientist at UK Biobank.

The data is made available at low cost to teams around the world to find new ways of preventing common health conditions from heart disease to cancer.

The 100,000th volunteer to be scanned was Steve, who recently retired from a job in sales and now helps out at a charity run by his daughter.

The BBC watched as he entered a full-body MRI scanner in an industrial park outside Reading, and detailed images of brain cells, blood vessels, bones and joints appeared on the screens.

"My mum was diagnosed with early-stage dementia a few years ago and has not been well," he says.

"So with that in mind I want to give more back to research so the next generation can learn from people like me."

A portrait of Steve (we are not using his surname) who is staring straight at camera. He is a man in his 60s with white hair, black glasses and a tan. He is wearing a green medical overall and standing in a corridor outside the scanning room. He is smiling.
Steve from southern England was the 100,000th person scanned in what's become the world's largest medical imaging project

The giant medical imaging project has been running for 13 hours a day, seven-days-a-week across four sites in England.

Participants are given a five-hour appointment to be scanned using five different types of MRI, X-ray and ultrasound machines.

The data gathered is anonymised and volunteers like Steve receive no individual feedback unless the radiographers happen to spot a potentially serious health problem.

The project does not allow personal data, such as a volunteer's surname or the precise area where they live, to be published.

What is UK Biobank?

UK Biobank / Dave Guttridge A shot of the operation room at UK Biobank. In the distance is a window showing a person being scanned in an MRI machine. They are being attended to by two radiographers operating the machine. In the foreground is a picture of a brain scan on a monitor and another video screen showing the internal MRI scanner tube.UK Biobank / Dave Guttridge
Volunteers have been scanned at four sites across the UK over an 11-year period

Launched in 2003, UK Biobank is one of the largest collections of biological samples and health data in the world.

In total, half a million people – all middle-aged volunteers – have been asked to complete physical tests, answer regular health and lifestyle questions, and provide DNA and other biological samples.

Their blood, urine and saliva are frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at temperatures of -80C (-112F) in huge refrigerators in Stockport, Greater Manchester.

The imaging part of the project began in 2014, and involves taking detailed scans of 100,000 of those same participants.

All of that group will be invited back to repeat the process every few years to see how their bodies and organs change as they grow older.

By combining those scans with the other data collected by UK Biobank, scientists can test whether early changes to the make-up of the brain or body then lead to diseases or other health problems in later life.

The whole UK Biobank project, which is non-profit making, was set up by the Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust charity, along with the Department of Health and the Scottish government.

Two decades later it is now reaching maturity.

Over 30 petabytes, or 30,000 terabytes, of anonymised health data is already available to researchers working for universities, charities, governments and the private sector.

Scientists in the UK and the rest of the world can apply for access and most are charged between £3,000 and £9,000 to help cover running costs.

Louise Thomas, professor of metabolic imaging at the University of Westminster, says it is "completely transforming" how she and other researchers do their jobs.

"We thought it was a crazy idea, there was absolutely no way anybody could scan this number of people," she says.

"To analyse these images manually would have taken us thousands of years but now... we can extract all the information automatically, so we can measure everything in the body in a matter of minutes."

Researchers are increasingly using artificial intelligence (AI) to process the huge amounts of data generated by the project.

Almost 1,700 peer-reviewed papers have been written using all types of Biobank data since work started in 2003, with dozens more now published every week.

The scans and images taken so far have already been used to show that:

UK Biobank is one of the 10 largest stores of personal health data in the world alongside similar initiatives in Germany, China and the United States, although those projects don't all make their data available to scientists globally in the same way.

The imaging element of the project is also funded by a number of other organisations including the British Heart Foundation, Calico, a subsidiary of Alphabet which also owns Google, and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, established by Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan.

China growth slows as trade turmoil weighs on economy

Getty Images An woman, wearing a blue shirt with orange details, works on the intelligent spinning production line at a workshop of Xin Feng Ming Group on 8 July, 2025 in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province of China. Getty Images

China's economy has slowed as trade turmoil triggered by US President Donald Trump's tariffs and a prolonged crisis in the property market weigh on growth.

Official figures show the world's second largest economy grew by 5.2% in the three months to the end of June, compared to the same time last year. That's down from 5.4% in the previous quarter.

But the country has so far avoided a sharp downturn, partly due to measures announced by Beijing to help support the economy and a fragile tariffs truce with Washington.

Trump has given China until 12 August to reach a long-term trade deal with the US to end a tit-for-tat trade war that saw their tariffs on each other soar to more than 100%.

Some economists expect China to miss its "around 5%" annual growth target this year.

"The real question is by how much. We believe it will defend a floor of 4%, which remains the minimum politically acceptable level," Dan Wang, director for China at consultancy Eurasia Group told the BBC.

A tariffs war between China's President Xi Jinping and Trump led to the US imposing a 145% levy on Chinese imports. In return, Beijing introduced a 125% duty on some US goods.

Washington has also hit countries with close economic ties to China with heavy levies.

Animals react to secret sounds from plants, say scientists

Listen to the sounds three different plants might make if they were stressed

Animals react to sounds being made by plants, new research suggests, opening up the possibility that an invisible ecosystem might exist between them.

In the first ever such evidence, a team at Tel Aviv University found that female moths avoided laying their eggs on tomato plants if they made noises they associated with distress, indicating that they may be unhealthy.

The team was the first to show two years ago that plants scream when they are distressed or unhealthy.

The sounds are outside the range of human hearing, but can be perceived by many insects, bats and some mammals.

"This is the first demonstration ever of an animal responding to sounds produced by a plant," said Prof Yossi Yovel of Tel Aviv University.

"This is speculation at this stage, but it could be that all sorts of animals will make decisions based on the sounds they hear from plants, such as whether to pollinate or hide inside them or eat the plant."

The researchers did a series of carefully controlled experiments to ensure that the moths were responding to the sound and not the appearance of the plants.

They will now investigate the sounds different plants make and whether other species make decisions based on them, such as whether to pollinate or hide inside them or eat the plant.

"You can think that there could be many complicated interactions, and this is the first step," says Prof Yovel.

Another area of investigation is whether plants can pass information to each other through sound and act in response, such as conserving their water in drought conditions, according to Prof Lilach Hadany, also of Tel Aviv University.

"This is an exciting question," she told BBC News.

"If a plant is stressed the organism most concerned about it is other plants and they can respond in many ways."

TAU A brown moth laying white eggs on a green tomato plantTAU
Moths layed eggs on plants based on the sounds they made, which indicated their health

The researchers stress that plants are not sentient. They sounds are produced through physical effects caused by a change in their local conditions. What today's discovery shows is that these sounds can be useful to other animals, and possibly plants, able to perceive these sounds.

If that is the case, then plants and animals have coevolved the ability to produce and listen to the sounds for their mutual benefit, according to Prof Hadany.

"Plants could evolve to make more sounds or louder ones if they were of benefit to it and the hearing of animals may evolve accordingly so they can take in this huge amount of information.

"This is a vast, unexplored field - an entire world waiting to be discovered."

In the experiment the researchers focused on female moths, which typically lay their eggs on tomato plants so that the larvae can feed on them once hatched.

The assumption was that the moths seek the best possible site to lay their eggs - a healthy plant that can properly nourish the larvae. So, when the plant signals that it is dehydrated and under stress, the question was whether the moths would heed the warning and avoid laying eggs on it?

The answer was that they didn't lay eggs, because of the sound the plants were producing.

The research has been published in the journal eLife.

搅局者马斯克:美国党加入“驴象之争”

在美国政治史上,第三党的尝试,屡见不鲜,却鲜有成功。从罗斯·佩罗的改革党到拉尔夫·纳德的绿党,它们往往在选举中昙花一现,最终被两大党吞噬或边缘化。“马”党能逆天改命,打败“象”党和“驴”党吗?它又会如何搅动美国政坛?

“能发射火箭登陆火星的马斯克,在政坛应该也能‘放卫星’。”现实的引力却有些沉重。从政党注册、逐州备案,到资金募集、提名候选人、基层组织建设,直至直面美国选举制度,组建全美性政党的程序,每一步都是考验。

“成立‘美国党’或许只是马斯克抛出的‘烟雾弹’。”“搅局才是马斯克的真正目的。”历史上,美国的第三党多为短期“搅局者”。

南方周末记者 刘佳伦

责任编辑:姚忆江

当地时间2025年3月14日,美国华盛顿,美国总统特朗普和埃隆·马斯克(右)在白宫椭圆形办公室交谈。随着“大而美”法案的推出,两人“友谊”也被击溃。视觉中国/图

当地时间2025年3月14日,美国华盛顿,美国总统特朗普和埃隆·马斯克(右)在白宫椭圆形办公室交谈。随着“大而美”法案的推出,两人“友谊”也被击溃。视觉中国/图

世界首富埃隆·马斯克的“建党风波”,仍在持续发酵。

2025年7月14日,一位名为Jimmy的X用户发帖呼吁MAGAs(特朗普的支持者们):“烧掉MAGA帽,转向‘美国党’”。

马斯克称,自己成立的美国党(America Pary)将代表美国社会“80%的中间选民”,目标直指2026年的国会中期选举,争取在参众两院占据席位,打破美国共和党(象)和民主党(驴)的“驴象之争”垄断。

仅仅半年前,他还是特朗普总统的“铁哥们儿”和超级金主,曾砸下超过2.8亿美元助其赢得2024年大选,并在特朗普上任后掌舵“政府效率部”(DOGE),大刀阔斧削减联邦开支。然而,随着特朗普力推被马斯克斥为“疯狂支出法案”的税收和支出法案,两人关系急转直下。马斯克公开炮轰特朗普的法案,称“美国正因浪费与腐败而破产”,并以宣布成立新党作为回应。

在美国政治史上,第三党的尝试,屡见不鲜,却鲜有成功。从罗斯·佩罗的改革党到拉尔夫·纳德的绿党,它们往往在选举中昙花一现,最终被两大党吞噬或边缘化。“马”党能逆天改命,打败“象”党和“驴”党吗?它又会如何搅动美国政坛?

从“铁杆盟友”到“反叛者”

“今天,美国党正式成立,以还给你们自由。”2025年7月5日,埃隆·马斯克在社交平台X发布的帖子,如同在美国扔下一枚重磅炸弹。

而在前一天,7月4日,是美国独立日,也是特朗普正式签署“大而美”税收和支出法案的日子。该法案将大规模减税,削减和限制了医疗补助,同时大幅增加了边境和国防支出。据新华社援引美国国会预算办公室分析,“大而美”法案将使美国未来10年的赤字增加3.3万亿美元。

马斯克痛斥“大而美”法案为“疯狂之举”,并多次在X平台发帖猛烈抨击:“美国公民将背负难以承受的债务”“这将使国家破产”。

专家分析,马斯克的动机多重交织。“特朗普签署法案次日,马斯克即发文宣布组建‘美国党’,此举更多是对当前矛盾的激烈回应,带有浓厚的报复与情绪化色彩。”复旦大学社会科学高等研究院副教授孟维瞻向南方周末记者表示,“马斯克建党或也蕴含维护自身利益的长远考量,不能简单视之为一时冲动。”

外交学院外交学与外事管理系副教授杨晖

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校对:星歌

欢迎分享、点赞与留言。本作品的版权为南方周末或相关著作权人所有,任何第三方未经授权,不得转载,否则即为侵权。

一位广东师傅,北上哈尔滨装空调

一位市民跑了好几个地方,要么没有货,要么需要加价,网上参考价1600元,实体店要3400元。不过在电商平台上也没有货。甚至7日他问客服,对方说空调15日才能生产出来。

“我们广东过去了很多人,可能每一个品牌都有去。”空调安装师傅林冯就说。除了广东,内地很多省市也派了不少师傅支援。

为了提升安装效率,林冯就在当地选购设备,结果跑遍大街小巷,也没有买到。这种差距不仅体现在装备上,派单模式也成槽点。

南方周末记者 李在磊 南方周末实习生 徐玉婷

责任编辑:何海宁

7月11日,哈尔滨气温飙升至34℃,中央大街上的游客用扇子防晒。视觉中国图

7月11日,哈尔滨气温飙升至34℃,中央大街上的游客用扇子防晒。视觉中国图

广东省惠州市的空调安装师傅林冯就没想到,人生第一次坐飞机,是到哈尔滨驰援。

“交通、住宿报销,不过要自己先垫着。”林冯就说,听说那边“活多得干不完”,就跟着朋友一起赶到了哈尔滨。待了几天他发现,为什么有这么多装空调的需求——哈尔滨果然很热,“哈尔滨是那种干热,呼吸很热,鼻子会痛”。

本地居民接到他的联络电话,一看是南方的号码,很多人以为是诈骗电话。林冯就赶忙解释,他是调过来支援的空调安装师傅。“如果没有支援,当地人排队安装空调,要排到下个月。”2025年7月11日,他对南方周末记者说,可能有上千人加入了驰援大军。这被网友戏称为“南师北调”。

2025年入夏以来,向来以“冰雪大世界”驰名的哈尔滨市,乃至整个夏季原本凉爽宜人的黑龙江省,迎来罕见高温天气。6月下旬,该省大部分地区最高气温超过30℃,部分市县可达35℃-37℃。

持续高温状态,打破了人们的生活习惯。往年可有可无的空调,成为市民抢购的家用电器。让很多市民没想到,因为空调需求少,相关产业链不够完善,导致不仅空调一机难求,就连安装师傅也成了供不应求的“香饽饽”。

线下没货,线上延迟

2025年初,黑龙江省延续实施家电消费补贴政策规定,每位消费者每类产品可补贴1件,空调产品最多可补贴3件,每件补贴不超过2000元。

“东北人没遭过这罪。”哈尔滨香坊区一

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校对:吴依兰

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官员赌徒联手操盘:足球队升降级的隐秘产业链

2018年,原河南建业俱乐部在给陈永亮送了60万元现金后,安排靠得住的裁判吹罚比赛,球队在裁判的特殊照顾下,连赢4场,顺利保级。

有经验的裁判在接受帮助某队获胜的任务时,会在关键判罚上偏向该队,但在不重要的判罚上偏向对方,“这样看起来整场比赛很公正,增加了查处难度。”

南方周末记者 杜茂林 南方周末实习生 农岚淳

责任编辑:钱炜

2016年04月15日,山东省济南市,2016中超第5轮,山东鲁能Vs延边富德。(视觉中国/图)

2016年4月15日,山东省济南市,2016中超第5轮,山东鲁能对阵延边富德。(视觉中国/图)


2025年4月30日,中国国家男足原主教练李铁案落下帷幕,二审维持原判20年。

李铁于2022 年11月官宣被查,被视为本轮足坛公开反腐的序幕,随后陈戌源、于洪臣、杜兆才等13名曾在足协系统任职的中高管理层或教练员相继落马,多位球员也陷入假赌球丑闻。截至目前,不少人已宣判获刑。其中,中国足协原主席陈戌源被判无期。

南方周末记者注意到,包括陈戌源在内,多位官员和球员都被指控为联赛晋级谋取不正当利益。据2024年央视反腐专题片披露,李铁在2015年执教河北华夏幸福期间,指使俱乐部曾在单场比赛砸下1400万元让对手放水。凭借这种舞弊手段,他先后带领两支球队冲超成功。

在目前中国职业联赛中的升降级制度中,第一级别的中超联赛采取“升2降2”规则。每赛季结束时,排名最末两位的球队降入中甲,而中甲联赛中成绩最好的两支球队则升上中超。

升降级直接关系俱乐部核心利益:中超球队能获得更高的商业赞助、转播分成和更广阔的球迷市场,反之降级将面临赞助缩水、球员流失等风险。

在冲超保级的压力下,一条隐秘的产业链应运而生。这条产业链如何运转,又有哪些人员参与其中?

买通官员,联系裁判运作比赛

晋级与保级,隐秘交易背后,足协官员扮演着关键角色。俱乐部为获取“关照”,向这些官员行贿。官员影响比赛的主要手段是通过裁判。

据央视新闻报道,2016年中超赛季中,某足球俱乐部面临降级风险,请托于洪臣帮忙。中国足协原副主席于洪臣,安排下属向5名中超联赛主裁判打招呼,帮助该俱乐部成功保级。

类似的“操控”在中国足协原常务副秘书长陈永亮的受贿案中也有体现。值得注意的是,陈永亮的升迁与于洪臣直接相关。

陈永亮的判决书显示,2015年-2017年,为谋求中超公司副总经理、总经理的位置,陈永亮先后向于洪臣行贿60万元,

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校对:星歌

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Sudan paramilitary forces kill almost 300 in village raids, say lawyers

File shot of people queuing to register for aid at an internally displaced persons’ camp in North Kordofan state

Sudan’s paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) killed nearly 300 people in attacks in North Kordofan state that began on Saturday, according to Sudanese activists.

The RSF has been fighting the Sudanese army in that area, one of the key frontlines of a civil war in Sudan that has raged since April 2023.

The Emergency Lawyers human rights group said on Monday that the RSF had attacked several villages on Saturday around the city of Bara, which the paramilitary controls.

In one village, Shag Alnom, more than 200 people were killed via arson or gunshot. Looting raids of the other villages killed 38 civilians, it said, while dozens of others had gone missing.

The next day, the group said in its statement, the RSF attacked the village of Hilat Hamid, killing 46 people, including pregnant women and children.

More than 3,400 people were forced to flee, according to the UN.

“It has been proven that these targeted villages were completely empty of any military objectives, which makes clear the criminal nature of these crimes carried out in complete disregard of international humanitarian law,” Emergency Lawyers said, placing the responsibility with RSF leadership.

The army has taken firm control of the centre and east of Sudan while the RSF is working to consolidate its control of western regions, including North Kordofan.

The US and human rights groups have accused the RSF of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. Its soldiers have carried out a series of violent looting raids in territory it has taken control of across the country.

The RSF leadership says it will bring those found responsible for such acts to justice.

Sudan’s civil war has created the world’s largest humanitarian crisis, driving more than half the population into hunger and spreading diseases including cholera across the country. A global reduction in aid spending has stretched the humanitarian response.

中国女大学生被指“有损国格”遭开除引发争议

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中国女大学生被指“有损国格”遭开除引发争议

王月眉
达尼洛·特斯连科(昵称“Zeus”)于2019年在波兰参加一场游戏活动时的照片。特斯连科曾分享过与一名中国女性的视频,导致该女子被大学开除。
达尼洛·特斯连科(昵称“Zeus”)于2019年在波兰参加一场游戏活动时的照片。特斯连科曾分享过与一名中国女性的视频,导致该女子被大学开除。 Norbert Barczyk/PressFocus, via MB Media, via Getty Images
一所中国大学表示将开除一名学生,原因是她与一名外国人有“不正当交往”,并“有损国格”。此前,网络上流传的视频显示她与一名乌克兰游戏玩家举止亲密。
这一通告在中国引发了激烈的争论。一些评论人士对学校的决定表示赞赏,认为中国人,尤其是女性,对外国人过于迷恋。但也有人指出,这种开除决定带有性别歧视和家长式作风的意味,并将其与一些校园内的强奸或性骚扰案件相比较,称那些被控者所受的惩罚反而更轻。
许多人还批评这所位于中国东北、名为大连工业大学的学校,指责其在官网上公布开除决定并公开学生全名的做法是在公开羞辱学生。
“如果说在这个案件中,有谁才是真正的有损国格,根本不是那个隐私权受害的女生,”北京大学法学教授赵宏在一篇评论文章中写道,“而是那些打着所谓的正义旗号对一个普通女性进行疯狂羞辱的网络看客,还有用陈腐的道德诫命无端剥夺学生受教育权的教育机构。”
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该校表示,这名学生的行为发生在去年12月16日,“造成了恶劣的负面影响”。校方并未透露具体细节,但称对其处分是根据校规中关于“公民道德”的相关规定作出的。
该规定写道:“与外国人不正当交往,有损国格、校誉的,视情节给予记过及以上处分。”
中国社交媒体用户很快将这一通告与乌克兰职业电竞选手、昵称“Zeus”的达尼洛·特斯连科在那一天发布的视频联系在一起。当时他正在上海参加一场电竞比赛。他在自己的Telegram频道上发布了与一名中国女性在一起的视频,该频道目前大约有4.3万名订阅者。
特斯连科随后删除了这些视频。但仍在网上流传的截图和录屏显示,两人似乎在一家酒店房间内,女子看上去知道自己正在被拍摄,但画面中并未出现任何露骨的性行为。
在通过电子邮件回应相关提问时,特斯连科表示,当他意识到这些视频在中国社交媒体上传播后,便将其删除。“我明白,这些片段虽然不具有亲密性质,但过于私人,不适合公开分享,”他写道,“这是我的错误,我对此表示诚挚的歉意。”
在开除事件的消息传开后,特斯连科于周日在X上发布了两条帖子回应外界的强烈反应。他写道,他当时认为自己分享的只是“一个普通的生活片段”,并非任何“不尊重他人”的内容。
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但在中国社交媒体上,评论者普遍认为确实存在不尊重行为,唯一的争议在于不尊重的行为究竟来自谁。
支持学校决定的网友认为,这名女子使中国蒙羞,给人一种中国女性不检点的印象,尤其是在面对白人男性的时候。一位拥有1400万粉丝的科技博主在微博上写道,“崇洋媚外”永远换不来尊重,“有些错就是不能原谅”。一些官方媒体也公开了该女子的全名。
但也有人质疑,为何愤怒的矛头主要指向这名女子,而非分享视频的特斯连科。(特斯连科经常在网上开一些粗俗玩笑,包括关于女性的玩笑;在他向Telegram订阅者发布的有关上海视频的帖子中,他曾表示如果点赞数够多,将会展示这名女生的照片。)
还有网友批评该校试图强制执行过时的道德标准。根据校规,其他可能受到谴责的行为还包括用过大的音量听音乐,以及任何婚前性行为。
目前无法联系到这名女性置评,学校方面也未回应置评请求。
还有人指出,中国男性在社交媒体上寻觅或炫耀白人妻子时,往往会被誉为民族英雄和阳刚气概的典范。另有人提到这样的事例:一名男学生被判强奸罪成立,只被校方做留校察看处理,一位男教授性骚扰学生却仍被允许继续任教
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一些知名法律学者鼓励该女学生起诉学校,指控其侵犯了她的隐私权和受教育权。
“作为一名成年女性,该女生与他人发生性关系,完全属于其性自主权利,”法学教授赵宏写道。
一些官方媒体也对该女子进行了较为审慎的辩护。由中国共产党控制的小报《环球时报》发表评论称,“问题学生”应当“通过适当的方式引导其认识错误”,但应在私下进行。还有人指出,开除决定尚未最终生效——通告中提到学生有60天的申诉期限——但公开其身份这一行为已无法挽回。

Siyi Zhao对本文有研究贡献。

王月眉(Vivian Wang)是《纽约时报》驻华记者,常驻北京,撰写关于中国的崛起及雄心如何塑造普通人日常生活的报道。

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中国第二季度经济保持稳健增长

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中国第二季度经济保持稳健增长

KEITH BRADSHER
中国重庆一家电动汽车工厂的生产线工人。
中国重庆一家电动汽车工厂的生产线工人。 Gilles Sabrié for The New York Times
根据官方数据,今年春季中国经济保持了稳健增长的态势,得益于国内在工厂及高铁等大型项目上的投资增加,以及出口在全球范围内持续强劲。
中国国家统计局周二公布,今年第二季度(4月至6月)国内生产总值环比增长1.1%。若这一增长速度持续全年,年化增速将达到约4.1%,仅略低于今年第一季度的增速。
这份关于中国国内生产总值的报告显示,中国以制造业为主导的经济正受到特朗普总统大幅加征关税的冲击,这些关税在4月底至5月初一度高达145%。另有独立的贸易数据,包括周一发布的一份报告显示,中国对美国的出口已大幅下滑。但对其他国家的出口则大幅增长,尤其是对东南亚的出口——其中许多商品随后被转口至美国——此外对欧洲的出口也显著上升。
中国国家统计局周二表示,今年4月至6月中国经济环比增长1.1%。如果这一增速持续,全年经济将以约4.1%的年化率增长。
中国国家统计局周二表示,今年4月至6月中国经济环比增长1.1%。如果这一增速持续,全年经济将以约4.1%的年化率增长。 Qilai Shen for The New York Times
(本文稍后将有更新,敬请关注。)

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More of England likely to be declared in drought

Getty Images A dried-up bed of a reservoir with only a narrow stream of water flowing through the middle. In the background there is a bridge and a blue sky with scattered clouds.Getty Images
Yorkshire is already in drought, with reservoirs like this one showing much lower levels than usual

More English regions are expected to join the North West and Yorkshire in an official drought on Tuesday after yet another hot and dry spell of weather.

The announcement is likely to come after the National Drought Group – which manages preparations for dry conditions in England – meets on Tuesday morning.

Declaring a drought means that water companies put in place their plans to manage water resources. That can involve hosepipe bans, but not always.

Droughts are driven by natural weather patterns, but climate change and our growing use of water are raising the risks of water shortages, the Environment Agency says.

The National Drought Group is made up of the Environment Agency, government, Met Office, water companies and others.

There are no official droughts in Wales and Northern Ireland at the moment. Scotland does not declare droughts but monitors "water scarcity".

Parts of eastern Scotland are in "moderate" scarcity – the second most extreme category – which means there is "clear" environmental impact.

In England there is no single definition of drought, but it is ultimately caused by a prolonged period of low rainfall, which has knock-on effects for nature, agriculture and water supplies.

England had its driest spring in more than 100 years, followed by three heatwaves in quick succession for some areas in June and July.

That intense warmth has drawn even more moisture out of the soil.

So while it may be raining where you live today, it's unlikely to be enough to bring water levels back to normal across the country.

The Environment Agency (EA) declares droughts in England based on reservoir levels, river flows and how dry the soil is, alongside long-term weather forecasts.

"We certainly expect more regions to enter drought status," said Richard Thompson, deputy director of water resources at the EA, adding that further details would be announced later on Tuesday.

In a "reasonable worst-case scenario" - where regions get 80% of their long-term average rainfall - another five regions across central and southern England could enter drought status by September, joining Yorkshire and the North West, according to the EA.

Current long-term forecasts suggest roughly normal levels of rainfall over the next few months, however.

If further droughts are declared, it does not automatically mean that hosepipe bans will be put in place, but these can often follow.

Some regions, such as parts of Kent and Sussex, have already declared hosepipe bans, but are not in drought status.

Getty Images Hosepipe with a yellow head rests on dry, yellow grass. A yellow hosepipe lead is in the background.Getty Images
Hosepipe bans can often follow official drought declarations

The EA warned last month that England's water supplies could face a shortfall of six billion litres a day by 2055 without dramatic action, driven by rising temperatures, population growth and other factors.

Climate change is expected to lead to drier summers on average, while more intense heatwaves mean more water can be lost via evaporation.

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Faroes-style tunnels could 'transform' fortunes for Shetland isles

BBC A grey car enters a tunnel, driving past red "no pedestrian" and "no cyclist" roadsigns. The tunnel disappears into a grassy hillside. A blue and white radio station information sign reads "FM 100.0".BBC
The 18 islands which make up the Faroes are connected by 23 tunnels, four of which run below the sea

The Faroese prime minister says Shetland could boost growth and revitalise island life by following his country in replacing ageing ferries with undersea tunnels.

Shetland Islands Council says it is pushing ahead with plans to build tunnels to four outlying isles in the archipelago including Unst, the most northerly place in the UK.

"I think we have learned in the Faroe Islands that investment in infrastructure is a good investment," Aksel Johannesen told BBC News.

Shetland Islands Council says its multi-million pound project is likely to be funded by borrowing money and paying it back through tolls, potentially providing a new transport model for other Scottish islands.

Faroese prime minister Aksel Johannesen pictured in an office with two blurred out gold-framed paintings hanging on a white wall behind him. He has brown hair combed to the side and is clean-shaven. He is looking directly at the camera with a serious expression. He is wearing a black shirt and a checked blazer.
The Faroese prime minister Aksel Johannesen told BBC News tunnels had helped to grow the population and the economy of the archipelago

Critics say politicians in Scotland have wasted years talking about tunnels while the Faroes, nearly 200 miles further out into the Atlantic, have actually built them.

"It is frustrating," says Anne Anderson of salmon producer Scottish Sea Farms, which employs nearly 700 people in Scotland, including just under 300 in Shetland.

The island chain produces a quarter of all Scottish salmon - the UK's most valuable food export with international sales of £844m in 2024.

"Ten years ago Scottish salmon used to have 10 per cent of the global market. Nowadays we're slipping ever closer to five per cent," adds Ms Anderson, who blames that slide, in part, on a lack of investment in public infrastructure .

She agrees that the UK should look to the Faroes for inspiration.

"Identify what works well for them and then just copy and paste and let's get moving," urges Ms Anderson.

A windswept Anne Anderson photographed from the chest up  in a marina setting. She has grey hair - tied back -  blue-rimmed glasses and is smiling at the camera. She is wearing a blue jacket with a "Scottish Sea Farms" logo on the left hand side.
Anne Anderson of Scottish Sea Farms says politicians should get moving

They have been building tunnels in the Faroes since the 1960s.

The 18 islands which make up the self-governing nation under the sovereignty of Denmark are connected by 23 tunnels, four of which run below the sea.

More are under construction.

Most dramatic is a 7.1 mile (11.4km) tunnel which connects the island of Streymoy to two sides of a fjord on the island of Eysturoy.

It includes the world's only undersea roundabout.

At its deepest point it is 187m (614ft) below the waves and has halved the driving time between the capital Tórshavn and the second biggest town, Klaksvik.

Photograph of vehicles streaking past a roundabout in a tunnel. The tunnel has a green/ blue backdrop and black silhouettes of figures on it.
A tunnel which connects the islands of Streymoy and Eysturoy includes the world's only undersea roundabout, nicknamed the jellyfish

Speaking in his grass-roofed office looking out over a busy harbour in Tórshavn, Johannesen says tunnels helped to grow the population and the economy of the archipelago, which is home to some 54,000 people, in contrast to Shetland's 23,000.

"It's about ambition," says tunnel builder Andy Sloan, whose company worked on part of the Faroese tunnel project.

He adds the islands have led the world "in connecting an archipelago in the middle of the North Atlantic through blood, sweat and tears – and focus.

"They have delivered a remarkable piece of infrastructure," says Mr Sloan, who is executive vice-president of engineering firm COWI.

It is now advising Shetland Islands Council on the technicalities and financing of tunnels.

The Faroese tunnels were constructed using a technique known as drill and blast – where holes are drilled in rock, explosives are dropped in, and the rubble is then cleared away – which Mr Sloan says could also be used in Scotland.

"Without doubt, Shetland can copy what has been achieved in these islands," he adds.

Head and shoulder shot of a smiling Andy Sloan, who is bald, smiling at the camera. He is wearing a navy suit jacket, navy half-zip jumper and a white shirt with the top button open. Green shrubbery is visible in the background.
Tunnel builder Andy Sloan worked on the Faroese tunnels

Prof Erika Anne Hayfield, dean of the Faculty of History and Social Sciences at the University of the Faroe Islands, says the tunnels have delivered significant benefits.

"People can live and thrive in smaller settlements," while still participating fully in island life and commuting to "the central labour market" in Tórshavn, she explains.

"In the long term, in terms of demography, social sustainability, a lot of people on islands believe that it is necessary," adds Prof Hayfield.

But she said the costs of some tunnels had been controversial, with some Faroese arguing that they are being built at the expense of investing in schools and hospitals.

Drone footage of Tórshavn marina, with government buildings, some of which have grass roofs, visible in the foreground. A number of boats can also be seen in the picture
The capital, Tórshavn, is a shorter commute for islanders since the construction of the tunnel network

Shetland's main town, Lerwick, may be closer to Tórshavn than it is to Edinburgh – and closer to Copenhagen than London – but advocates of tunnels insist the islands are not a remote backwater but an advanced economy constrained by poor infrastructure.

The archipelago of 100 islands at the confluence of the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean boasts the UK's only spaceport and a thriving fishing industry.

"We land more fish in Shetland than we do in the whole of England, Northern Ireland and Wales," says council leader Emma Macdonald.

"Tunnels could be incredibly transformational," she continues.

Macdonald adds: "We're really excited about the opportunity."

The 20th Century oil and gas boom brought Shetland riches but the islands have since embraced the shift to renewable energy and are home to the UK's most productive onshore wind farm.

"Shetland's really integral to Scotland and to the wider UK," says Macdonald.

The council has authorised a £990,000 feasibility study into building tunnels to four islands – Unst, Yell, Bressay and Whalsay.

It has not yet published an estimated cost for construction.

Head and shoulders shot of Elizabeth Johnson, who has short grey hair, smiling at the camera. She is wearing a grey t-shirt and a darker grey jacket with a navy "Saxavord UK Space Port" patch. She is standing on a shoreline and the sea is visible under grey skies in the background
Elizabeth Johnson says tunnels would "enhance the economic viability of the island"

"Tunnels would really open up this island for businesses," says Elizabeth Johnson, external affairs manager of Saxavord Spaceport on Unst.

She adds that they would "enhance the economic viability of the island".

But with neither the Scottish nor UK governments volunteering to pay for Shetland's tunnels, the Faroese funding model of borrowing paid back by tolls looks likely to be adopted.

"I think people recognise that there is probably a need for tolling and I think people understand that," says Macdonald.

She adds: "They already have to pay to go on the ferries."

At present the council runs ferry services to nine islands, carrying around 750,000 passengers each year on 12 vessels at a cost of £23m per year.

The average age of the fleet is 31.5 years, costs have risen sharply in the past decade, and some routes are struggling to meet demand for vehicle places.

Hebridean and Clyde ferries, off the west of Scotland, run by Scottish government-owned Caledonian MacBrayne, are also ageing and have been beset by problems.

Drone shot of a white car preparing to enter a tunnel in the Faroes. The tunnel has been constructed under green fields and some sheep are also visible in the image.
The 18 islands which make up the self-governing nation under the sovereignty of Denmark are connected by 23 tunnels

Mr Sloan says tunnels could provide more robust transport links for the west coast as well as the Northern Isles.

"Quite frankly, it can be repeated in Shetland, and not just Shetland, possibly elsewhere in Scotland."

Mr Sloan agrees that tolls are the most feasible funding option.

Tolls were abolished on the Skye Bridge in 2004 after a long-running campaign of non payment, and were scrapped on the Forth and Tay road bridges in 2008.

But Ms Johnson, of the Saxavord Spaceport, reckons Shetlanders would be happy to pay their way.

"I don't think anybody that I've spoken to would be against tolls," she says.

Vehicles streak past the two lanes in a tunnel either side of a yellow sign which reads: "Klaksvik"
Four tunnels in the Faroes run below the sea

Although there is no organised opposition to tunnels in Shetland some locals do express concern about whether they would change what it means to be an island.

Pat Burns runs the northernmost shop in the British Isles, The Final Checkout on Unst.

She was not convinced about tunnels at first, fearing that they would alter the nature of island life.

"I like the challenges of trying to get from A to B," she explains.

However after years of worrying about bad weather interrupting supplies for her shop and seeing tourists turned away because ferries are full, she has changed her mind.

"I was a wee bit iffy-iffy about it before," she says, "but now I realise that if Unst doesn't get a tunnel, the challenge is going to be too big."

'Heart-breaking': Locals and visitors devastated by loss of Grand Canyon Lodge

Getty Images The view from Grand Canyon Lodge Getty Images
People came from all over the world to enjoy the views from Grand Canyon Lodge at the North Rim

Davy Crockett watched from miles away as the first small plumes of smoke began to rise in the Grand Canyon's North Rim.

It was not long before the small plumes transformed into huge flames. Mr Crockett, vice-president of the non-profit Grand Canyon Historical Society, went to bed but worries kept him up. The historic Grand Canyon Lodge, with its panoramic views of one of the natural wonders of the world, was in the path of those flames.

On Sunday, park officials confirmed the beloved lodge was destroyed in raging wildfires.

"It broke my heart," said Mr Crockett. "I was devastated."

Hundreds of people are sharing his sadness and posting tributes on social media to the stone lodge perched at 8,000 feet (2,438m), the only accommodation available within the national park's North Rim.

It was "stunning, a balm for my weary soul", one person wrote. "Heartbroken to hear the historic lodge, visitor center and more were destroyed."

Watch: Wildfire burns parts of the Grand Canyon National Park

Many of the dozens of cabins at the lodge were also lost in the Dragon Bravo Fire, which has burned over 5,000 acres.

Honeymooners, hikers and runners all treasured the lodge and its views, historians and locals said.

Karne Snickers has led tours in the North Rim for 24 years. She said the area sees fewer tourists than the South Rim because the view in parts is slightly obscured by "majestic" ponderosa trees.

But it was clear on the deck of the Grand Canyon Lodge, she said.

"It's very spiritual there," she said. "Sitting on the deck of that lodge, there isn't one dry eye from any trip that I've ever done when you turn away and have to go back to the van."

The destruction of the lodge has been like "losing an old friend".

"I shed many tears yesterday," Ms Snickers said.

The 61-year-old tour guide was there just before the fires began, when a lightning strike ignited a blaze on 4 July that officials initially thought would be containable.

But after the winds picked up, the fire exploded, Mr Crockett said.

Firefighters were there to protect the lodge, but when a water treatment plant burned down and released toxic chlorine gas into the air, they had to evacuate.

Along with the lodge, much of the surrounding nature has been lost too, including 400 year-old trees.

Ms Snickers believes one large tree she would have hikers on her tours hug is no longer there.

"Much of the beauty is gone," Mr Crockett said. "It'll take decades for things to grow back."

National Park Service A black-and-white photo of old-fashioned buses in front of a stone building, with a line of women in cleaning uniforms and two men playing stringed instrumentsNational Park Service
Workers sing to departing guests on tour buses in 1930

This was the second time the lodge burned down.

A version that opened in 1928, designed by architect Gilbert Stanley Underwood, was lost four years later to a fire that started in its kitchen.

Building a new structure during the Great Depression took years and perseverance, repurposing much of the original building's stonework and lumber.

A smaller, temporary lodge that housed construction workers also burned down for unknown reasons, according to Mr Crockett.

Then, a massive snowstorm dropped 12 feet of snow in the area one winter, cutting the workers and their families off from food and the outside world for weeks, he said.

Finally, some of the workers hiked down to the trailhead in snow shoes to call for help, bringing in snow plows to rescue the rest of the group, Mr Crockett said.

After the lodge opened once again, in 1938, it became a "summer getaway that people have just cherished over the years", he said.

Lodge guests might encounter an occasional buffalo while walking beside tall pine trees. Inside, they could take in views from the massive windows in the lodge's sun room, or from their table in the dining room, with its high ceiling that was crossed with ponderosa beams.

Park officials have yet to say whether they plan to rebuild the iconic lodge, but many visitors and locals are holding out hope.

"We have to rebuild this place," Ms Snickers said. "It's going to take time, but it needs to come back. It was a part of history."

National Park Service Dining room with high ceilings and windows overlooking Grand Canyon, where people sit to eat or stand, during the dayNational Park Service
Diners also had views of the canyon - often considered one of the natural wonders of the world - from their tables

UK to start processing Syrian asylum claims again

AFP via Getty Images Two female protesters hold Syrian flags and placards reading: "Syrian refugees deserve dignity" and "no human is illegal".AFP via Getty Images

The UK is to start processing Syrian asylum claims again, more than seven months after decisions were paused following the fall of the Assad regime.

Asylum minister Dame Angela Eagle said the Home Office had "worked to lift the pause as soon as there was sufficient information to make accurate and well-evidenced determinations".

The government has published updated guidance for officials to make decisions on Syrian claims.

Dame Angela said claims could now be processed, and returns to Syria conducted in line with this.

The UK paused decisions on Syrian claims for asylum and permanent settlement in December, after President Bashar al-Assad was overthrown by a rebel offensive led by the Islamist militant group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), following years of civil war.

In a written statement, Dame Angela said the pause "was a necessary step while there was no stable, objective information available to make robust assessments of risk on return to Syria".

However, the move left more than 7,000 Syrians waiting for a decision on an asylum claim in limbo.

The majority of these are living in government-funded accommodation, such as hotels.

The pause also applied to Syrians who had already been granted refugee status and were initially given the right to stay in the UK for five years before being able to apply for permanent settlement.

Campaigners say being left with this temporary status makes it harder for people to secure a job or housing.

Welcoming the move, Enver Solomon, chief executive of the Refugee Council charity, said: "We know the pause in decision making had left Syrian people trapped in further limbo, unable to work, move on with their lives and fearing for their future.

"However, the situation in Syria continues to be unstable, and we urge the government to ensure that every asylum application is assessed on a case-by-case basis, ensuring the safety and protection of Syrians who would face extreme risk if they are returned."

Figures affiliated with HTS - which is designated a terrorist group by the UK - now run the country, with HTS leader Ahmad al-Sharaa named as Syria's interim president earlier this year.

Under the United Nations Refugee Convention, an individual must have a "well-founded fear of persecution" to be granted asylum and refugee status.

The Home Office's updated guidance on Syria states that a "breakdown in law and order or uncertain security situations do not in themselves give rise to a well-founded fear of persecution".

"There are not substantial grounds for believing there is a real risk of serious harm in Syria because of a serious and individual threat to a civilian's life or person by reason of indiscriminate violence in a situation of international or internal armed conflict," it adds.

"All cases must be considered on their individual facts, with the onus on the person to demonstrate they face persecution or serious harm."

Ministers have previously suggested that the majority of Syrians who arrived in the UK before the fall of Assad were fleeing the regime, and some may now wish to return.

On the issue of returns, the guidance notes that following the change in government, opponents of the former Assad regime are "unlikely to be at risk upon return to Syria solely on that basis".

On the situation for religious minorities, it states that Kurds, Christians, Druze and Shia Muslims are "are unlikely to face a real risk of persecution or serious harm from the state" and "the onus is on the person to demonstrate otherwise".

However, it adds that Kurds in areas under de facto control of the Syrian National Army - a coalition of Turkish-backed rebel groups - "are likely to face a real risk of persecution or serious harm" based on their ethnicity or perceived political opinion.

It also says that although the new government has sought to assure members of the Alawite minority they will not be subject to violent reprisals, Alawites "are likely to face a real risk of persecution or serious harm from the state due to their religion and/or an imputed political opinion".

Many of the former Assad regime's political and military elite belonged to the Alawite sect.

The guidance notes that in March members of the Alawite minority were subject to a series of attacks which killed an estimated 800 people, with HTS-affiliated groups reported to have been involved.

Earlier this month, Foreign Secretary David Lammy met interim president al-Sharaa, as he became the first UK minister to visit Syria since the uprising that led to the country's civil war began 14 years ago.

The UK has also been gradually lifting sanctions on Syria.

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Beyoncé's unreleased music stolen from car during Cowboy Carter tour

Reuters Beyonce is seen singing on stage during her Cowboy Carter tour in a silver and white outfit. She is wearing white fringed chaps. Reuters

Unreleased music by Beyoncé was among several items stolen from a vehicle in Atlanta, just days before the singer's four-night Cowboy Carter tour stop in the city, authorities have confirmed.

Hard drives containing the unreleased songs, show plans, and past and future set-lists for her tour were among the items stolen from a rental car used by the singer's choreographer and one of her dancers, according to a police report.

The theft occurred on 8 July, two days before Beyoncé's first Atlanta performance.

Atlanta police say an arrest warrant has been issued, but the suspect's name has not been made public.

Choreographer Christopher Grant and dancer Diandre Blue told police they had parked the rented Black Jeep Wagoneer and gone inside a nearby food hall. When they returned, the vehicle's rear window had been smashed and two suitcases were missing, a police incident report states.

They told police they were "carrying some personal sensitive information for the musician Beyoncé" in the vehicle that was also stolen.

That included "five jump drives containing watermarked music, unreleased music, footage plans for shows past and future, and set list", the report states.

Other items reported stolen included a laptop, designer clothes and Apple AirPods. Authorities used tracking information on the laptop and headphones to track where the items may have gone, a police report notes.

Authorities also dusted the vehicle for any fingerprints and discovered "two very light prints".

It's unclear whether the stolen items have been recovered.

The BBC has contacted a representative for Beyoncé for comment.

Beyoncé is currently on tour in Atlanta as part of her Cowboy Carter stadium tour. She has been performing in the city since 10 July and her last show was set for Monday night.

Her husband, the rapper Jay Z, made a surprise appearance on the third night of her show.

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