以旧换新补贴推动消费回暖,中国刺激政策能走多远?
以旧换新补贴推动消费回暖,中国刺激政策能走多远?





© Tyler Hicks/The New York Times
© The New York Times
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© Kenny Holston/The New York Times
© Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
US President Donald Trump has announced the US will send "top-of-the-line weapons" to Ukraine via Nato countries, while also threatening Russia with severe tariffs if a deal to end the war is not reached within 50 days.
"We want to make sure Ukraine can do what it wants to do," Trump said following a meeting with Nato chief Mark Rutte in Washington.
Rutte confirmed the US had decided to "massively supply Ukraine with what is necessary through Nato" and that the Europeans would foot the bill.
European countries will send Kyiv their own Patriot air defence systems - which Ukraine relies on to repel Russia's deadly air strikes - and replacements will then be issued by the US, Trump said.
Neither Rutte nor Trump elaborated on the weaponry that will be sent to Kyiv but Rutte said the deal included "missiles and ammunition".
However, the president did say "top-of-the-line-weapons" worth billions of dollars would be "quickly distributed to the battlefield" in order to support Ukraine.
"If I was Vladimir Putin today... I would reconsider whether I should not take negotiations about Ukraine more seriously," Rutte said, as Trump nodded.
On the tariffs front, Trump said that the US would impose 100% secondary tariffs targeting Russia's remaining trade partners if a peace deal with Ukraine was not reached within 50 days.
This would see any country that trades with Russia face the tax if they want to sell their products to the US.
For example, if India keeps buying oil from Russia, US companies that purchase Indian goods would have to pay a 100% import tax, or tariff, when the products reach American shores.
This would make the goods so expensive that US businesses would likely choose to buy them cheaper from elsewhere, resulting in lost revenue for India.
The intention is also to hobble Russia's economy. Theoretically, if Moscow was unable to generate money by selling oil to other nations it would also have less money to finance its war in Ukraine.
Given that oil and gas account for almost a third of Moscow's state revenue and more than 60% of its exports, 100% tariffs could make something of a dent Russia's finances.
Still, the Moscow Stock Exchange Index rose sharply following the announcement, likely as investors were expecting Trump - who last week teased a "major statement" on Russia - to pledge even harsher measures.
Although detail about both the tariffs and the Nato weapons deal was scant, Monday was the first time Trump pledged to make new military equipment to Ukraine since returning to the White House.
The briefing was also notable for the tone struck by US president, whose rhetoric on Vladimir Putin has become increasingly harsh.
Not for the first time, Trump implied Kyiv bore some responsibility for Russia's decision to launch its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
But he mostly appeared frustrated at the lack of progress in ending a conflict which he once seemed to believe could be easily solvable.
Asked about his relationship with Putin, Trump said that the two speak "a lot about getting this thing done" but voiced his displeasure at the fact that "very nice phone calls" with the Russian president are often followed by devastating air strikes on Ukraine - which have been growing in intensity and frequency.
"After that happens three or four times you say: the talk doesn't mean anything," Trump said.
"I don't want to call him an assassin but he's a tough guy. It's been proven over the years, he fooled a lot of people – Clinton, Bush, Obama, Biden," he added. "He didn't fool me. At a certain point talk doesn't talk, it's got to be action."
Two rounds of ceasefire talks between Russia and Ukraine took place earlier this year but no other meetings have so far been scheduled - something Moscow has blamed on Kyiv.
Ukraine's President Zelensky is currently hosting US envoy Keith Kellogg in Kyiv and earlier on Monday hailed a "productive meeting" - saying he was "grateful" to Trump for his support.
The Kremlin did not immediately comment on the announcement - but commentary trickling in from Moscow appeared to indicate a measure of relief.
Pro-Kremlin pundit and former Putin aide Sergei Markov called the tariffs announcement "a bluff" that indicated Trump had "given up on trying to achieve peace in Ukraine".
Senator Konstantin Kosachev argued that "if this is all Trump had to say about Ukraine today, then so far it's been much ado about nothing".
In 50 days a lot could change "both on the battlefield and in the moods of the powers that be in the US and Nato," Kosachev wrote.
Additional reporting by Dearbail Jordan
For the first time since returning to the White House, Donald Trump has pledged to make new weapons available to Ukraine.
Under a new deal, the US will sell weapons to Nato members who will then supply them to Kyiv as it battles Russia's invasion.
The president didn't give too many specifics about what he said was "billions of dollars' worth of military equipment". But when asked if the deal included Patriot air defence batteries and interceptor missiles, he replied "it's everything".
One European country has 17 Patriot systems and "a big portion" would soon be on the way to Ukraine, Trump said.
For Ukraine, a huge country that currently operates handful of batteries - perhaps as few as eight - this is a major step forward, giving Kyiv a chance to expand protection against Russian ballistic and cruise missiles.
Sitting beside the president, the Nato Secretary General, Mark Rutte, hinted at a bigger package.
"It's broader than Patriots," he said.
"It will mean that Ukraine can get its hands on really massive numbers of military equipment, both for air defence, but also missiles, ammunition..."
This is a significant moment.
Less than two weeks ago, there was horror in Kyiv at news that the Pentagon had suspended military shipments to Ukraine, including Patriots.
The decision-making surrounding that announcement remains unclear, but on Monday, Trump once again tried to make light if it, saying it had been made in the knowledge that this deal would be struck.
"We were pretty sure this was going to happen, so we did a little bit of a pause," the president said.
Now, thanks to some tortuous negotiations, many of them involving Rutte, the weapons can continue to flow without Washington picking up the tab.
"We're in for a lot of money," the president said, "and we just don't want to do it any more."
The deal is a personal triumph for Rutte, the "Trump whisperer", who has flattered and encouraged the president, in part by helping to secure a member-wide Nato commitment to spend 5% of GDP on defence.
As they sat side by side in the Oval Office, Rutte continued to flatter Trump, calling the latest deal "really big" and saying it was "totally logical" that European members of Nato pay for it.
A number of countries, he said, were lining up to participate, including the UK, Germany, Finland, Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands.
"And this is only the first wave," he said. "There will be more."
In a separate and rather characteristic development, Trump threatened Moscow with a new deadline: if Vladimir Putin doesn't agree to a ceasefire deal in the next 50 days, Russia and its trading partners will be hit with 100% secondary tariffs.
It's a novel approach, which Kyiv and members of the US congress have been urging for some time: pressure Russia by targeting countries that continue to buy Russian oil and gas, like China and India.
Trump's move comes as the US Senate continues to work on a bill that would impose much stiffer sanctions.
The president said the Senate bill, which envisages 500% secondary tariffs, could be "very good" but added that it was "sort of meaningless after a while because at a certain point it doesn't matter".
As always, the precise details of the president's threat remain somewhat vague.
But whatever happens in the coming weeks and months, Monday felt like something of a turning point. A US president finally moving away from his perplexing faith in Vladimir Putin, while still giving the Russian leader time to come to the negotiating table.
It's definitely not a return to Joe Biden's pledges to support Ukraine "for as long as it takes," but nor is it quite the neutral stance that has infuriated Ukraine and its western allies.
Trump appears to have guaranteed that the all-important US weapons pipeline to Ukraine will remain open for now – provided others pay for it.
But 50 days will feel like a very long time to Ukrainians, who are on the receiving end of near-nightly drone and missile bombardment.
Nothing Trump has done seems likely to put an immediate stop to this.
Mahmoud Abdul Rahman Ahmed says his son, Abdullah, was "searching for a sip of water" when he took the family's jerrycans on Sunday morning and headed as usual to one of the water distribution points in the urban Nuseirat camp, in central Gaza.
"That area was inhabited by displaced people, others who were exhausted by the war, and those who have seen the worst due to the imposed siege and limitations, and the ongoing aggression," Mahmoud said in an interview with a local journalist working for the BBC.
"The children, Abdullah among them, stood in a queue with empty stomachs, empty jerrycans, and thirsty lips," he added.
"Minutes after the children and thirsty people of the camp gathered, the warplanes bombed those children and the water distribution point, without prior notice."
Graphic video filmed by another local journalist and verified by the BBC showed the immediate aftermath of the Israeli strike on a street in the New Camp area of Nuseirat.
He passes two men carrying young children before coming across a destroyed structure, beneath which dozens of yellow plastic jerrycans are clustered.
Women scream as bystanders pull a man from the rubble, while others try to help another man covered in blood. Other adults and children are seen lying motionless nearby.
Al-Awda hospital in Nuseirat said 10 people, including six children, were killed in the strike, and that 16 others were injured.
Along with Abdullah, they named the children who died as Badr al-Din Qaraman, Siraj Khaled Ibrahim, Ibrahim Ashraf Abu Urayban, Karam Ashraf al-Ghussein and Lana Ashraf al-Ghussein.
When asked about the strike, the Israeli military said it had targeted a Palestinian Islamic Jihad "terrorist" but that "as a result of a technical error with the munition, the munition fell dozens of meters from the target".
The military said it was "aware of the claim regarding casualties in the area as a result" and "regrets any harm to uninvolved civilians", adding: "The incident is under review."
However, Mahmoud claimed that Israel "intended to convey a message: it won't allow people to drink even the drinking water that they crave."
He also lamented that dreams of Abdullah and the other children would never be realised.
"They were looking at reality with the hope of it changing, and of becoming like the other children of the world - practicing their normal role of playing, moving, traveling, eating, drinking, and living in safety," he said.
The UN says water shortages in Gaza are worsening due to the lack of fuel and spare parts for desalination, pumping and sanitation facilities, as well as insecurity and inaccessibility due to Israeli military operations against Hamas and evacuation orders.
As a result, many people are receiving less than the emergency standard of 15 litres per day, amounting to what the UN calls "a human-made drought crisis".
"You see children queuing up, by the side of the road, with yellow jerrycans every single morning, waiting for the daily water truck to come and get their five litres [or] 10 litres, of water used for washing, cleaning, cooking, drinking, etc," Sam Rose, the acting Gaza director for the UN agency for Palestinian refugees (Unrwa), told the BBC.
"Every death is a tragedy. This one is particularly emblematic, given the circumstances in which it took place. But it's one of many," he added.
Last Thursday, 10 children and three women were killed as they waited for nutritional supplements outside a clinic in the nearby town of Deir al-Balah.
The Israeli military said it had targeted a Hamas "terrorist" nearby and, as with Sunday's incident, that it regretted harming any civilians.
"We focus on these incidents, but of course these weren't the only children killed in Gaza [on Sunday]," Rose said. "Every single day, since the start of the war, on average of classroom full of children have been killed."
The executive director of the UN children's agency (Unicef), Catherine Russell, meanwhile called both incidents "horrific" and demanded that Israeli authorities "urgently review the rules of engagement and ensure full compliance with international humanitarian law".
Later this week, the UN Security Council will convene to discuss the situation of children in Gaza, following a request by the UK.
However, Israel's permanent representative Danny Danon said council members would be "better served to apply pressure on Hamas for prolonging this conflict".
"The children in Gaza are victims of Hamas, not Israel. Hamas is using them as human shields and the UN is silent," he claimed.
Mahmoud said it was Israel which should be pressured to end the war.
"We have no power and no strength. We are victims. We are civilians just like other people in the world, and we don't own any nuclear weapons or arms or anything," he added.
"This war needs to stop, and so does the ongoing massacre happening in the Gaza Strip."
In the Oval Office on Monday, Donald Trump was talking tough, announcing new US arms shipments to Ukraine paid for by European governments, and threatening new tariffs which, if imposed, would hit Russia's war chest.
But, back in Moscow, how did the stock exchange react? It rose 2.7%.
That's because Russia had been bracing for even tougher sanctions from President Trump.
"Russia and America are moving towards a new round of confrontation over Ukraine," Monday's edition of the tabloid Moskovsky Komsomolets had warned.
"Trump's Monday surprise will not be pleasant for our country."
It wasn't "pleasant". But Russia will be relieved, for example, that the secondary tariffs against Russia's trading partners will only kick in 50 days from now.
That gives Moscow plenty of time to come up with counter proposals and delay the implementation of sanctions even further.
Nonetheless, Donald Trump's announcement does represent a tougher approach to Russia.
It also reflects his frustration with Vladimir Putin's reluctance to sign a peace deal.
On his return to the White House in January, Donald Trump had made ending Russia's war in Ukraine one of his foreign policy priorities.
For months, Moscow's response was: "Yes, but…"
Yes, Russia said in March, when it welcomed President Trump's proposal for a comprehensive ceasefire. But first, it said Western military aid and intelligence sharing with Kyiv should end, along with Ukrainian military mobilisation.
Yes, Moscow has been insisting, it wants peace. But the "root causes" of the war must be resolved first. The Kremlin views these very differently to how Ukraine and the West see them. It argues that the war is the result of external threats to Russia's security: from Kyiv, Nato, 'the collective West.'
Yet, in February 2022, it wasn't Ukraine, Nato or the West that invaded Russia. It was Moscow that launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, triggering the largest land war in Europe since World War Two.
For quite some time, the "Yes, but…" approach enabled Moscow to avoid additional US sanctions, while continuing to prosecute the war. Keen to improve bilateral relations with Russia and negotiate a peace deal on Ukraine, the Trump administration prioritised carrots to sticks in its conversations with Russian officials.
Critics of the Kremlin warned that with "Yes, but"… Russia was playing for time. But President Trump hoped he could find a way of persuading Vladimir Putin to do a deal.
The Russian president has appeared in no rush to do so. The Kremlin believes it holds the initiative on the battlefield. It insists it wants peace, but on its terms.
Those terms include an end to Western arms shipments to Ukraine. From Donald Trump's announcement it is clear that is not going to happen.
President Trump claims that he is "not happy" with Vladimir Putin.
But disillusionment is a two-way street. Russia, too, has been falling out of love with America's president. On Monday, Moskovsky Komsomolets wrote:
"[Trump] clearly has delusions of grandeur. And a very big mouth."
US President Donald Trump has announced the US will send "top-of-the-line weapons" to Ukraine via Nato countries, while also threatening Russia with severe tariffs if a deal to end the war is not reached within 50 days.
"We want to make sure Ukraine can do what it wants to do," Trump said following a meeting with Nato chief Mark Rutte in Washington.
Rutte confirmed the US had decided to "massively supply Ukraine with what is necessary through Nato" and that the Europeans would foot the bill.
European countries will send Kyiv their own Patriot air defence systems - which Ukraine relies on to repel Russia's deadly air strikes - and replacements will then be issued by the US, Trump said.
Neither Rutte nor Trump elaborated on the weaponry that will be sent to Kyiv but Rutte said the deal included "missiles and ammunition".
However, the president did say "top-of-the-line-weapons" worth billions of dollars would be "quickly distributed to the battlefield" in order to support Ukraine.
"If I was Vladimir Putin today... I would reconsider whether I should not take negotiations about Ukraine more seriously," Rutte said, as Trump nodded.
On the tariffs front, Trump said that the US would impose 100% secondary tariffs targeting Russia's remaining trade partners if a peace deal with Ukraine was not reached within 50 days.
This would see any country that trades with Russia face the tax if they want to sell their products to the US.
For example, if India keeps buying oil from Russia, US companies that purchase Indian goods would have to pay a 100% import tax, or tariff, when the products reach American shores.
This would make the goods so expensive that US businesses would likely choose to buy them cheaper from elsewhere, resulting in lost revenue for India.
The intention is also to hobble Russia's economy. Theoretically, if Moscow was unable to generate money by selling oil to other nations it would also have less money to finance its war in Ukraine.
Given that oil and gas account for almost a third of Moscow's state revenue and more than 60% of its exports, 100% tariffs could make something of a dent Russia's finances.
Still, the Moscow Stock Exchange Index rose sharply following the announcement, likely as investors were expecting Trump - who last week teased a "major statement" on Russia - to pledge even harsher measures.
Although detail about both the tariffs and the Nato weapons deal was scant, Monday was the first time Trump pledged to make new military equipment to Ukraine since returning to the White House.
The briefing was also notable for the tone struck by US president, whose rhetoric on Vladimir Putin has become increasingly harsh.
Not for the first time, Trump implied Kyiv bore some responsibility for Russia's decision to launch its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
But he mostly appeared frustrated at the lack of progress in ending a conflict which he once seemed to believe could be easily solvable.
Asked about his relationship with Putin, Trump said that the two speak "a lot about getting this thing done" but voiced his displeasure at the fact that "very nice phone calls" with the Russian president are often followed by devastating air strikes on Ukraine - which have been growing in intensity and frequency.
"After that happens three or four times you say: the talk doesn't mean anything," Trump said.
"I don't want to call him an assassin but he's a tough guy. It's been proven over the years, he fooled a lot of people – Clinton, Bush, Obama, Biden," he added. "He didn't fool me. At a certain point talk doesn't talk, it's got to be action."
Two rounds of ceasefire talks between Russia and Ukraine took place earlier this year but no other meetings have so far been scheduled - something Moscow has blamed on Kyiv.
Ukraine's President Zelensky is currently hosting US envoy Keith Kellogg in Kyiv and earlier on Monday hailed a "productive meeting" - saying he was "grateful" to Trump for his support.
The Kremlin did not immediately comment on the announcement - but commentary trickling in from Moscow appeared to indicate a measure of relief.
Pro-Kremlin pundit and former Putin aide Sergei Markov called the tariffs announcement "a bluff" that indicated Trump had "given up on trying to achieve peace in Ukraine".
Senator Konstantin Kosachev argued that "if this is all Trump had to say about Ukraine today, then so far it's been much ado about nothing".
In 50 days a lot could change "both on the battlefield and in the moods of the powers that be in the US and Nato," Kosachev wrote.
Additional reporting by Dearbail Jordan
For the first time since returning to the White House, Donald Trump has pledged to make new weapons available to Ukraine.
Under a new deal, the US will sell weapons to Nato members who will then supply them to Kyiv as it battles Russia's invasion.
The president didn't give too many specifics about what he said was "billions of dollars' worth of military equipment". But when asked if the deal included Patriot air defence batteries and interceptor missiles, he replied "it's everything".
One European country has 17 Patriot systems and "a big portion" would soon be on the way to Ukraine, Trump said.
For Ukraine, a huge country that currently operates handful of batteries - perhaps as few as eight - this is a major step forward, giving Kyiv a chance to expand protection against Russian ballistic and cruise missiles.
Sitting beside the president, the Nato Secretary General, Mark Rutte, hinted at a bigger package.
"It's broader than Patriots," he said.
"It will mean that Ukraine can get its hands on really massive numbers of military equipment, both for air defence, but also missiles, ammunition..."
This is a significant moment.
Less than two weeks ago, there was horror in Kyiv at news that the Pentagon had suspended military shipments to Ukraine, including Patriots.
The decision-making surrounding that announcement remains unclear, but on Monday, Trump once again tried to make light if it, saying it had been made in the knowledge that this deal would be struck.
"We were pretty sure this was going to happen, so we did a little bit of a pause," the president said.
Now, thanks to some tortuous negotiations, many of them involving Rutte, the weapons can continue to flow without Washington picking up the tab.
"We're in for a lot of money," the president said, "and we just don't want to do it any more."
The deal is a personal triumph for Rutte, the "Trump whisperer", who has flattered and encouraged the president, in part by helping to secure a member-wide Nato commitment to spend 5% of GDP on defence.
As they sat side by side in the Oval Office, Rutte continued to flatter Trump, calling the latest deal "really big" and saying it was "totally logical" that European members of Nato pay for it.
A number of countries, he said, were lining up to participate, including the UK, Germany, Finland, Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands.
"And this is only the first wave," he said. "There will be more."
In a separate and rather characteristic development, Trump threatened Moscow with a new deadline: if Vladimir Putin doesn't agree to a ceasefire deal in the next 50 days, Russia and its trading partners will be hit with 100% secondary tariffs.
It's a novel approach, which Kyiv and members of the US congress have been urging for some time: pressure Russia by targeting countries that continue to buy Russian oil and gas, like China and India.
Trump's move comes as the US Senate continues to work on a bill that would impose much stiffer sanctions.
The president said the Senate bill, which envisages 500% secondary tariffs, could be "very good" but added that it was "sort of meaningless after a while because at a certain point it doesn't matter".
As always, the precise details of the president's threat remain somewhat vague.
But whatever happens in the coming weeks and months, Monday felt like something of a turning point. A US president finally moving away from his perplexing faith in Vladimir Putin, while still giving the Russian leader time to come to the negotiating table.
It's definitely not a return to Joe Biden's pledges to support Ukraine "for as long as it takes," but nor is it quite the neutral stance that has infuriated Ukraine and its western allies.
Trump appears to have guaranteed that the all-important US weapons pipeline to Ukraine will remain open for now – provided others pay for it.
But 50 days will feel like a very long time to Ukrainians, who are on the receiving end of near-nightly drone and missile bombardment.
Nothing Trump has done seems likely to put an immediate stop to this.
MasterChef presenter John Torode has said he is subject to an allegation of using racist language, upheld as part of an inquiry into separate allegations against co-host Gregg Wallace.
In an Instagram post on Monday, the TV presenter said the allegation was that he made the remarks in 2018 or 2019 and that he had apologised immediately afterwards.
However, the TV chef said he had "no recollection" of any of it, adding: "I do not believe that it happened."
It comes after an inquiry ordered by MasterChef's production company Banijay found that 45 allegations about Wallace's behaviour on Masterchef were upheld.
Reddit has announced it is introducing age verification on its UK site from Monday to stop people aged under 18 from looking at "certain mature content".
The social media platform is bringing in the measures to comply with new rules under the UK's Online Safety Act which require sites that show adult material to introduce "robust" age checking techniques.
Reddit, known for its online communities and discussions, said that while it does not want to know who its audience is: "It would be helpful for our safety efforts to be able to confirm whether you are a child or an adult."
Ofcom, the UK regulator, said: "We expect other companies to follow suit, or face enforcement if they fail to act."
Reddit said that from 14 July, an outside firm called Persona will perform age verification for the social media platform either through an uploaded selfie or "a photo of your government ID", such as a passport.
It said Reddit will not have access to the photo and will only retain a user's verification status and date of birth so people do not have to re-enter it each time they try to access restricted content.
Reddit added that Persona "promises not to retain the picture for longer than seven days" and will not have access to a user's data on the site.
The new rules in the UK come into force on 25 July.
A spokesperson for Ofcom said: "Society has long protected youngsters from products that aren't suitable for them, from alcohol to smoking or gambling.
"Now, children will be better protected from online material that's not appropriate for them, while adults' rights to access legal content are preserved."
Pornhub and a number of other major adult websites recently confirmed they would introduce enhanced age checks in time for the new rules.
Pornhub's parent company, Aylo, said it would bring in "government approved age assurance methods" but is yet to reveal how it will require users to prove they are over 18.
Ofcom has previously said simply clicking a button, which is all the adult site currently requires, is not enough.
Companies that fail to meet the rules face fines of up to £18m or 10% of worldwide revenue, "whichever is greater".
It added that in the most serious cases, it can seek a court order for "business disruption measures", such as requiring payment providers or advertisers to withdraw their services from a platform, or requiring Internet Service Providers to block access to a site in the UK."
© Eric Lee/The New York Times
《404档案馆》讲述中国审查与反审查的故事,同时以文字、音频和视频的形式发布。播客节目可在 Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify 或泛用型播客客户端搜索“404档案馆”进行收听,视频节目可在Youtube“中国数字时代· 404档案馆”频道收看。
欢迎来到404档案馆,在这里,我们一起穿越中国数字高墙。
中国数字时代长期关注中国大陆的审查与抗争,但是我们也留意到墙内墙外也并非泾渭分明。一方面,中共大外宣遍及全球,另一方面包括华人在内的全球民众也在戮力捍卫自由。为此,我们设立“CDT关注”栏目,旨在发掘并助推中国境外网络中反抗中共专制的努力,尤其是华人世界勇敢的声音和行动。
季风播客是一档人文对谈节目,依托华盛顿特区的季风书园,旨在通过访谈“向更广阔的华语世界传递人文、理性、求真之声”。
在季风播客新一期节目中,主持人何流与美国全国公共广播电台(NPR)华裔记者Emily Feng一起分享了他们对于如何在国家叙事之外讲述多元中国社会的看法。
被问到在中国做报道时有什么印象深刻的事情时,Emily提到:
有一次我们去了山东一个被拆迁的小村庄,当地书记主张先拆除破旧农房,然后将村民集中安置到统一建设的高楼里。但问题是,拆房子已经把建新楼的钱花掉了,导致村民们没有新房住,只能暂时住在棚子里。这背后也涉及贪污问题。
我平常的经验是,在到达当地的几个小时内,我们就会被公安或宣传部门发现并阻拦,当地居民也会有点害怕接受外媒采访。但我到这个村以后,
村民一发现我们是媒体、是记者,马上就找到了两三个受访者,因为他们真的已经没有家了。村民带着大麦克风很快就叫来了十几个居民,半小时以内变成了几百个的居民要做采访,他们也带来了一些证据。
有一个村民提出,我们应该一起走到书记的办公室,要求获得一个回应,现场很快就变成了一个大party。
最后当然没有好结果,我们又被拦住了。当时是疫情期间,宣传部工作人员穿着那种医生的衣服(防护服)找到我们,把我们关在车里面,说要把我们隔离在山东两个礼拜,不能离开这个村子。最后我联系了北京的外交部,他们帮助了我们离开。所以中央政府跟当地政府有时也会用不同的手段跟外媒接触。
90年代,中国改革开放早期,整体氛围很欢迎媒体,当地政府觉得媒体可以帮助他们把一些信息传递给中央。媒体在中国社会是一个可以被发掘的角色,但不可幸的是现在是被限制的角色。
此外,Emily还提到在中国采访的艰难,她称:
我总是在寻找一个值得拍成纪录片或电影的故事。但是挑战在于中国越来越管控记者,电子监控系统也已经非常发达。
没有机会去靠近一个人物,一旦靠拢他们就会遇到麻烦。采访就无法继续。所以一直没有机会去了解一个人真正在想什么,是什么样的一个人。我写这本书其实也是给自己的一道“功课”——我可不可以通过书写,呈现给读者一个陌生人的画像。
中国民间档案馆近期发布一篇文章,通过介绍《被眼泪浸湿的土地》一书,展现维吾尔族“右派”的苦难史。
文章部分内容如下:
《被眼泪浸湿的土地》一书,是海外维吾尔社会最早用维吾尔语出版的回忆录之一。该书详细描述了维吾尔知识分子在1957年“反右运动”中的悲惨经历,填补了这一领域历史资料的空白。作者苏云古丽·恰尼谢夫以自己的亲身经历为主线,记录了1957年至1982年间,在新疆的维吾尔青年知识分子的动荡经历和悲剧命运。
《被眼泪浸湿的土地》一书维吾尔语版封面。
苏云古丽·恰尼谢夫1940年出生于乌鲁木齐一个知识分子家庭。1957年9月,年仅17岁的她被录取进新疆医学院。此时,毛泽东在全中国范围内发起的“双百”运动(指“百花齐放,百家争鸣”,号召对党提意见)刚刚结束,整风运动开始,新疆维吾尔自治区官方正在紧锣密鼓地准备开展“反对地方民族主义”运动。
苏云古丽就这样在政治风暴中开始了大学生活,这为她后来的命运翻开了意想不到的黑暗篇章。当时的她,与其他维吾尔族同学一起被迫参加“鸣放”和整风会议,公开表达对共产党的看法。这群朝气蓬勃、对未来充满希望但政治阅历尚浅的纯真学生,当时因为对眼前一些残酷的政治现实深感失望,同时相信了党会采纳意见,而大胆提出了自己的观点和要求。
她和其他一些同学,认为应该效仿当时苏联的模式,建立加盟共和国式的高度自治制度,以保障维吾尔、藏族、蒙古等少数民族的高度自治权,并对中共的民族区域自治制度深感不满。他们主张在新疆建立东突厥斯坦加盟共和国,而非作为省级行政区的新疆维吾尔自治区。他们在“鸣放”会议上提出的这些观点和要求,后来成为他们无法摆脱的严重政治罪行。
在随后的“大跃进”和“反对地方民族主义”运动期间,包括苏云古丽在内的这些新疆当地学生遭受了严厉的批判和迫害,承受着巨大的政治压力和精神折磨。“反右运动”不久,大饥荒随之降临。经历了如此严酷的考验,他们认识到了中国共产党少数民族自治政策的欺骗性和虚假本质。
最终,他们决定成立地下组织,开展秘密政治斗争活动,计划在时机成熟时发动当地民众,形成大规模的民族解放阵线,以摆脱殖民统治,实现东突厥斯坦独立。1962年2月5日,他们在新疆医学院的学生宿舍秘密集会,成立了“东突厥斯坦劳动人民党”,由苏云古丽·恰尼谢夫担任秘书。然而,仅仅几个月后,由于中共公安机关安插在学生中的密探告密,该组织被揭发。同年4月29日,包括苏云古丽在内的数十名维吾尔族学生被逮捕。
作者苏云古丽·恰尼谢夫于1957年。
从此,苏云古丽和她的同学们开始了长期的监狱和强制劳动生活。在乌鲁木齐监狱度过了长达4年的酷刑折磨和黑暗的牢狱生活后,苏云古丽和她的同学萨吉德被送往乌鲁木齐周边的劳改营接受强制劳动。在此期间,她们遭受了难以想象的迫害,每天十几个小时的繁重劳动,忍受着饥饿和精神的双重折磨。
文化大革命开始后,他们的处境更加艰难。苏云古丽被戴上政治犯的帽子,安置在乌鲁木齐周边的一个人民公社,在群众监督下接受劳动改造。她在这里经历了比监狱更为艰难的日子,在精神和肉体上遭受严重摧残。长期的监禁、强制劳动和折磨,摧毁了苏云古丽和她狱中同学这一代维吾尔青年的青春、理想和追求。
该书于2006年首次由伊斯坦布尔的塔克拉玛干维吾尔出版社出版,并在海外维吾尔读者中产生重大影响,成为畅销书。2015年以更大印数再版。2018年英译缩写本在英国出版。民间档案馆提供该书维语版的PDF,英文缩写版《The Land Drenched in Tears》可于此处购买。
近日,知名媒体人柴静接受BBC访问,谈及二十多年的媒体生涯经历和感受。
柴静曾供职于中国中央电视台,2014年离职央视,2017年移居海外,现为独立媒体人、YouTuber。
柴静的YouTube频道正在接近100W粉丝
2023年7月,柴静开通了个人YouTube频道,并宣布于同年8月17日开始播出独立制作的六集系列纪录片《陌生人——对话圣战分子》。
2025年5月,柴静10年前出版的自传体书《看见》在中国被下架,也让她再次回到舆论浪尖。
2025年6月9日,柴静发布视频回应12年前出版的《看见》一书在大陆被禁,她表示“真实自有万钧之力…..一群人,一个片子,一本书可以失去,可以毁掉,但无形东西却会留下来,它不反抗,但你也不可能剥夺。”
基于这一期BBC对于柴静的报道,我们可以梳理出柴静的人生轨迹:
1976年,柴静出生于山西。大学时期,柴静在湖南完成学业。之后,柴静在湖南当地成为小有名气的电台主持人。
2003年,柴静调至央视知名的调查节目《新闻调查》。《新闻调查》时期的许多报道关注底层群体、民主法治,也为柴静赢得了”公知”声誉,但她视自己为一位记者与作家。
2003年非典期间,柴静因”零距离”采访医院病患成名,获年度风云记者称号。
2011年,柴静主持访谈节目《看见》,深度报道了征地农民、女死囚、重庆”打黑”、留守儿童、同性恋者等社会边缘群体和敏感议题。
2013年,《看见》节目停播(最后一期是清华大学“朱令被投毒”案)。2014年,柴静辞职离开央视。
2015年自费制作雾霾纪录片《穹顶之下》,获2亿浏览量后被全网下架。 (【真理部】视频网站删除《穹顶之下》)
2017年移居欧洲,柴静继续独立媒体工作。
2023年柴静转型做YouTube自媒体,至今发布50部视频。首支影片为自制纪录片《陌生人》,聚焦欧亚伊斯兰“圣战士”的恐怖行动背后的宗教禁忌。关注议题涵盖义和团、文革、六四、维权人士、朝鲜战争、俄乌战争、国共内战等话题。
柴静制作的一部文革纪录片获得近百万点击量,该片首次公开清华物理系创系主任叶企孙的文革日记和照片,让她感到“织补了历史缺漏”的满足感。
柴静制作的视频多次触碰“敏感议题”,对此柴静认为应该有人“平静、诚实、公正地叙述禁忌”,因为“一个社会有禁忌就不健康了”。
© Ukrainian Presidential Press Service, via Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
© Eric Lee/The New York Times
© Fiona Hanson/PA, via Associated Press
© Mark Abramson for The New York Times
US President Donald Trump has announced the US will send "top-of-the-line weapons" to Ukraine via Nato countries, while also threatening Russia with severe tariffs if a deal to end the war is not reached within 50 days.
"We want to make sure Ukraine can do what it wants to do," Trump said following a meeting with Nato chief Mark Rutte in Washington.
Rutte confirmed the US had decided to "massively supply Ukraine with what is necessary through Nato" and that the Europeans would foot the bill.
European countries will send Kyiv their own Patriot air defence systems - which Ukraine relies on to repel Russia's deadly air strikes - and replacements will then be issued by the US, Trump said.
Neither Rutte nor Trump elaborated on the weaponry that will be sent to Kyiv but Rutte said the deal included "missiles and ammunition".
However, the president did say "top-of-the-line-weapons" worth billions of dollars would be "quickly distributed to the battlefield" in order to support Ukraine.
"If I was Vladimir Putin today... I would reconsider whether I should not take negotiations about Ukraine more seriously," Rutte said, as Trump nodded.
On the tariffs front, Trump said that the US would impose 100% secondary tariffs targeting Russia's remaining trade partners if a peace deal with Ukraine was not reached within 50 days.
This would see any country that trades with Russia face the tax if they want to sell their products to the US.
For example, if India keeps buying oil from Russia, US companies that purchase Indian goods would have to pay a 100% import tax, or tariff, when the products reach American shores.
This would make the goods so expensive that US businesses would likely choose to buy them cheaper from elsewhere, resulting in lost revenue for India.
The intention is also to hobble Russia's economy. Theoretically, if Moscow was unable to generate money by selling oil to other nations it would also have less money to finance its war in Ukraine.
Given that oil and gas account for almost a third of Moscow's state revenue and more than 60% of its exports, 100% tariffs could make something of a dent Russia's finances.
Still, the Moscow Stock Exchange Index rose sharply following the announcement, likely as investors were expecting Trump - who last week teased a "major statement" on Russia - to pledge even harsher measures.
Although detail about both the tariffs and the Nato weapons deal was scant, Monday was the first time Trump pledged to make new military equipment to Ukraine since returning to the White House.
The briefing was also notable for the tone struck by US president, whose rhetoric on Vladimir Putin has become increasingly harsh.
Not for the first time, Trump implied Kyiv bore some responsibility for Russia's decision to launch its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
But he mostly appeared frustrated at the lack of progress in ending a conflict which he once seemed to believe could be easily solvable.
Asked about his relationship with Putin, Trump said that the two speak "a lot about getting this thing done" but voiced his displeasure at the fact that "very nice phone calls" with the Russian president are often followed by devastating air strikes on Ukraine - which have been growing in intensity and frequency.
"After that happens three or four times you say: the talk doesn't mean anything," Trump said.
"I don't want to call him an assassin but he's a tough guy. It's been proven over the years, he fooled a lot of people – Clinton, Bush, Obama, Biden," he added. "He didn't fool me. At a certain point talk doesn't talk, it's got to be action."
Two rounds of ceasefire talks between Russia and Ukraine took place earlier this year but no other meetings have so far been scheduled - something Moscow has blamed on Kyiv.
Ukraine's President Zelensky is currently hosting US envoy Keith Kellogg in Kyiv and earlier on Monday hailed a "productive meeting" - saying he was "grateful" to Trump for his support.
The Kremlin did not immediately comment on the announcement - but commentary trickling in from Moscow appeared to indicate a measure of relief.
Pro-Kremlin pundit and former Putin aide Sergei Markov called the tariffs announcement "a bluff" that indicated Trump had "given up on trying to achieve peace in Ukraine".
Senator Konstantin Kosachev argued that "if this is all Trump had to say about Ukraine today, then so far it's been much ado about nothing".
In 50 days a lot could change "both on the battlefield and in the moods of the powers that be in the US and Nato," Kosachev wrote.
Additional reporting by Dearbail Jordan
© National Park Service, via Reuters
© Scott Olson/Getty Images
© Adrian Dennis/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
US President Donald Trump has announced the US will send "top-of-the-line weapons" to Ukraine via Nato countries, while also threatening Russia with severe tariffs if a deal to end the war is not reached within 50 days.
"We want to make sure Ukraine can do what it wants to do," Trump said following a meeting with Nato chief Mark Rutte in Washington.
Rutte confirmed the US had decided to "massively supply Ukraine with what is necessary through Nato" and that the Europeans would foot the bill.
European countries will send Kyiv their own Patriot air defence systems - which Ukraine relies on to repel Russia's deadly air strikes - and replacements will then be issued by the US, Trump said.
Neither Rutte nor Trump elaborated on the weaponry that will be sent to Kyiv but Rutte said the deal included "missiles and ammunition".
However, the president did say "top-of-the-line-weapons" worth billions of dollars would be "quickly distributed to the battlefield" in order to support Ukraine.
"If I was Vladimir Putin today... I would reconsider whether I should not take negotiations about Ukraine more seriously," Rutte said, as Trump nodded.
On the tariffs front, Trump said that the US would impose 100% secondary tariffs targeting Russia's remaining trade partners if a peace deal with Ukraine was not reached within 50 days.
This would see any country that trades with Russia face the tax if they want to sell their products to the US.
For example, if India keeps buying oil from Russia, US companies that purchase Indian goods would have to pay a 100% import tax, or tariff, when the products reach American shores.
This would make the goods so expensive that US businesses would likely choose to buy them cheaper from elsewhere, resulting in lost revenue for India.
The intention is also to hobble Russia's economy. Theoretically, if Moscow was unable to generate money by selling oil to other nations it would also have less money to finance its war in Ukraine.
Given that oil and gas account for almost a third of Moscow's state revenue and more than 60% of its exports, 100% tariffs could make something of a dent Russia's finances.
Still, the Moscow Stock Exchange Index rose sharply following the announcement, likely as investors were expecting Trump - who last week teased a "major statement" on Russia - to pledge even harsher measures.
Although detail about both the tariffs and the Nato weapons deal was scant, Monday was the first time Trump pledged to make new military equipment to Ukraine since returning to the White House.
The briefing was also notable for the tone struck by US president, whose rhetoric on Vladimir Putin has become increasingly harsh.
Not for the first time, Trump implied Kyiv bore some responsibility for Russia's decision to launch its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
But he mostly appeared frustrated at the lack of progress in ending a conflict which he once seemed to believe could be easily solvable.
Asked about his relationship with Putin, Trump said that the two speak "a lot about getting this thing done" but voiced his displeasure at the fact that "very nice phone calls" with the Russian president are often followed by devastating air strikes on Ukraine - which have been growing in intensity and frequency.
"After that happens three or four times you say: the talk doesn't mean anything," Trump said.
"I don't want to call him an assassin but he's a tough guy. It's been proven over the years, he fooled a lot of people – Clinton, Bush, Obama, Biden," he added. "He didn't fool me. At a certain point talk doesn't talk, it's got to be action."
Two rounds of ceasefire talks between Russia and Ukraine took place earlier this year but no other meetings have so far been scheduled - something Moscow has blamed on Kyiv.
Ukraine's President Zelensky is currently hosting US envoy Keith Kellogg in Kyiv and earlier on Monday hailed a "productive meeting" - saying he was "grateful" to Trump for his support.
The Kremlin did not immediately comment on the announcement - but commentary trickling in from Moscow appeared to indicate a measure of relief.
Pro-Kremlin pundit and former Putin aide Sergei Markov called the tariffs announcement "a bluff" that indicated Trump had "given up on trying to achieve peace in Ukraine".
Senator Konstantin Kosachev argued that "if this is all Trump had to say about Ukraine today, then so far it's been much ado about nothing".
In 50 days a lot could change "both on the battlefield and in the moods of the powers that be in the US and Nato," Kosachev wrote.
Additional reporting by Dearbail Jordan
Four people who died when a small plane crashed at London Southend Airport are believed to be foreign nationals, police have confirmed.
The airport has been closed since emergency services were called to the incident involving a Beech B200 Super King shortly before 16:00 BST on Sunday.
Witnesses described a "fireball" type explosion soon after the Netherlands-bound light aircraft had taken off.
All four people were killed in the crash - two pilots and two passengers - and Essex Police said in a press conference on Monday it believed they were foreign nationals.
The names of the four who died have not been released but officers are now working to confirm their identities.
Ch Supt Morgan Cronin said the victims would be "treated with the utmost respect and dignity".
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has put in place a significant air exclusion zone surrounding the crash site.
All flights to and from the airport on Monday have been rerouted, with passengers advised to check with their airline for advice.
The Beech B200 Super King Air plane was operated by Zeusch Aviation, based at Lelystad Airport in the Netherlands, which has confirmed it is "actively supporting the authorities with the investigation".
The plane had flown from the Greek capital Athens to Pula in Croatia on Sunday before heading to Southend. It was due to return to Lelystad on Sunday evening.
Detectives and forensic teams are working in parallel with the Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB), the Royal Air Force, Essex County Fire and Rescue Service and London Southend Airport to work out what happened.
Speaking at the press conference, Lisa Fitzsimons, a senior inspector at the AAIB, said it was "too early to speculate on what caused this tragic accident".
"If there are safety lessons that can be learned, we will make recommendations that will aim to prevent a similar accident occurring," she said.
Eight of its inspectors are now at the crash site.
A London Southend Airport spokesperson said: "Our thoughts are with those affected by [Sunday's] events and all passengers impacted by this disruption.
"We will restart flight operations as soon as possible and will continue to update the public on developments."
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