The U.S. Is Deploying an Aircraft Carrier to Latin America

© Jonathan Klein/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

© Jonathan Klein/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

出席中共四中全会的20大中央委员如此之少,六分之一缺席! 而20大产生的军方42名中央委员中,27人缺席中央全会。有的落马,有的“失踪”,有的原因不明。海外关注中国政情、经济形势的人对此感到震惊。
更令人震惊的是10月17号已经宣布开除军籍和党籍,并在四中全会得到确认的九位解放军上将,全都是习近平亲自拔擢的亲信,为首的就是习近平亲自破格提拔的军委副主席、政治局委员何卫东。
何卫东曾被视为是习近平军中“亲信中的亲信”,2019年他还只是东部战区司令,既非中央委员,也非候补委员,2022年在中共20大上,他被罕见地从军委联合作战中心提升到军委副主席,并且进入政治局,成了中国军队的核心人物,可谓火箭般晋升,唯一的原因是习近平信任他。第二个是苗华,军委委员、军委政治部主任,被视为是习近平“政治建军”的总操盘手,且控制军队人事。更不可思议的是何宏军,军委政治部常务副主任,2024年7月9日,习近平为他单独举行了上将军衔授予仪式,场面极为罕见,落马速度之快也难以想象。
法国世界报周五在社评中说,如果不算军委主席习近平本人,何卫东是中国军队的二号人物,他所以得到快速提升并于22年被提拔为政治局24名委员之一,部分得益于他在福建省期间,与时任福建省负责人的习近平共事。
中共军报『解放军报』10月24日发表社论称,严肃查处何卫东、苗华等人彰显了习近平反腐败“无禁区、全覆盖、零容忍”的决心定力,该报指上述九人“严重破坏党指挥枪原则和军委主席负责制”,严重损害部队的政治生态。解放军报还指“深挖彻查何卫东、苗华等贪腐分子,有力消除了重大政治隐患”,高调歌颂“习主席力挽狂澜、扶危定倾”。
事情严重到需要习主席“力挽狂澜”的地步,给人的感觉军中不是出现了几个“贪腐分子”,而是出现了一个颠覆习近平政权的政变集团,策划了一场未遂的政变,事情已严重到“关乎党和国家的生死存亡”,才可以配得上习近平出面“扶危定倾”。更令人难以置信的,这些被习近平委以担当军内核心重任的高级将领们,是如何破坏“党指挥枪原则”和“军委主席负责制”的?这不是所谓“恩将仇报”吗?而作为党和军队的最高领导人,习近平怎么会提拔这样的人并让他们把守中国军队的核心位置?解放军报如此说法不是有点在暗示党和军队的最高领袖缺乏识人之明?
这一波大清洗引起了西方舆论的关注。法国世界报社评称,感觉“中国军队似乎已从上到下腐烂透顶,而这恰恰是习近平主席在大阅兵以展示国家重振雄风不到两个月之后,就将中国军队的虚弱暴露在世人面前。2024年,北京宣布逮捕了两位相继担任国防部长的官员;2023年,一场大规模行动斩断了火箭军的指挥系统,也削弱了核威慑力量。此外,外交部长秦刚也毫无解释地失踪,最近还有一位农业部长……”
如何解释习近平的这些做法呢,该报分析,这些无休止的清洗可能被视为承认了自身的虚弱,表明这个制度存在着问题,同时也表明习近平在连续掌控十三年最高权力之后,仍然无法选拔合适的人选或建立有效的机制。但习近平本人并不这么认为。相反,对外展示大规模清洗恰恰彰显了他的无上权威。
有些分析则认为习近平这样做危及他的权力,并严重损害了他的威信,甚至还有人猜测习这样做是不得已而为之。
曾在拜登政府时期担任美国国家安全委员会中国事务主任,现任华盛顿布鲁金斯学会研究员的乔恩·津(Jon Czin)提醒人们不要误解中国军队高级将领连遭撤职的意味:“在习近平执政初期,打击军中其他权力中心及其竞争对手是合乎逻辑的。但现在他却将矛头指向了原本应该受其庇护的人,这种转变让许多人感到困惑。然而,我并不认为这是软弱的表现,相反,这证明了他的统治力还在持续。”

美国周五(10月24日)宣布对哥伦比亚总统佩特罗实施制裁,指责他放任可卡因流入美国,未能遏止毒品贩运活动。此举标志着美国与哥伦比亚关系陷入新的低点。
路透社报道,美国财政部长贝森特(Scott Bessent)周五在声明中称,自佩特罗(Gustavo Petro)上台以来,哥伦比亚的可卡因产量已飙升至数十年来最高水平,他表示,“大量毒品涌入美国,危害了美国人民”。
贝森特指出,佩特罗“纵容贩毒集团坐大,拒绝加以制止”。他说,美国总统特朗普正采取强有力的行动保护国家安全,并表明“美国不会容忍毒品流入本土”。
根据美国财政部公告,此次制裁不仅针对佩特罗本人,也包括其妻子、儿子,以及哥伦比亚内政部长贝内德蒂(Armando Benedetti)。美国政府根据《全球毒品贩运制裁法》实施这一措施。
佩特罗强烈反驳 称美方“自相矛盾”
佩特罗随后在社交平台 X发文回应,强调自己几十年来一直致力打击毒品贩运,指责美国的决定“荒谬而矛盾”。
美哥关系骤冷 特朗普威胁加征关税
自特朗普今年1月重返白宫以来,美国与哥伦比亚关系多次出现摩擦。两国领导人多次在公开场合交锋,矛盾升级。
近期,美国在加勒比海地区对涉嫌贩运毒品的船只发动空袭,其中包括数艘哥伦比亚籍船只。上周末,特朗普还威胁提高对哥伦比亚的关税,并于本周三宣布暂停对哥援助资金。
哥伦比亚长期是美国在拉丁美洲的传统盟友。佩特罗政府原承诺通过社会与军事手段稳定古柯种植区,但迄今成效有限。
罕见的对国家元首制裁
美国极少对在任国家元首实施制裁。随着这一决定生效,佩特罗成为继俄罗斯、委内瑞拉和朝鲜领导人之后,又一位被美方列入制裁名单的现任国家元首。

法国博瓦尔动物园(ZooParc de Beauval)的两只大熊猫“欢欢”和“圆仔”将在下个月返回中国,结束为期13年的"旅法生活"。这对熊猫现年17岁,于2012年由中方借给法国,被视为中法友好关系的象征。法国动物园已向中方表示,希望未来再次接收新的大熊猫。
路透社报道,动物园饲养员德尔菲娜·普夫罗(Delphine Pouvreau)自2012年熊猫抵法以来一直照料它们。她在接受路透社采访时表示,在它们启程回中国前,团队珍惜最后的日子,并密切关注“欢欢”的健康状况。
她说,“它们非常特别。从第一天起我就和它们建立了深厚的感情。我们每天都会悉心照顾它们,确保它们一切安好。”
动物园上月宣布,由于“欢欢”出现肾脏问题,两只熊猫将在11月底离开法国。园方表示,由于健康原因,现在是两只大熊猫能够安全返回中国的最后机会。
留下双胞胎幼崽 象征中法友好
“欢欢”和“圆仔”现年17岁,于2012年由中方借给法国,被视为中法友好关系的象征。它们在法国期间产下了一对双胞胎幼崽,将继续留在博瓦尔动物园。
普夫罗回忆说,她亲历了法国首只熊猫宝宝诞生的时刻——“那是非常重要的瞬间。小熊猫出生时体重只有100到140克,非常可爱。”
双方已商讨新一轮熊猫合作
动物园市场主管阿娜伊丝·莫里(Anaïs Maury)表示,园方已与中方展开讨论,未来可能再次接收新的大熊猫。她说,大熊猫在中国被视为国宝,中国将它们托付给法国,体现了双方之间的高度信任。
她补充说,中国驻法大使履新后通常会将博瓦尔动物园作为首个正式访问地点,而历任法国总统也都会前来探访大熊猫,彰显熊猫在中法关系中的象征意义。

中国官员周五(10月24日)表示,未来五年中国将加大政府在民生领域的投资力度,并“显著提升”居民消费在国内生产总值(GDP)中的比重。这一表态紧随中国公布《2026—2030年国民经济和社会发展规划纲要》之后,显示中国新一轮五年规划继续将重心放在制造业升级与科技自立,而非单纯依赖消费刺激。中共中央政策研究室主任蒋锦权在发布会上表示,预计中国今年GDP将达到140万亿元人民币。受消息提振,中国科技板块走强,科创50指数周五早盘上涨约3%。
路透社援引新华社报道,中国国家主席习近平曾在今年8月主持召开“十五五”规划编制工作会议时指出,中国应“在关键核心技术领域实现突破”,并强调要推动教育、科技与人才的融合发展。这一思路在四中全会上得到进一步确认。
路透社称,尽管新规划更加倾向于推动科技创新与产业升级,政策制定者同时也承诺将加大力度提振内需,特别是居民消费。
政府高层:扩大内需是现代化战略支撑
中央财经委员会办公室副主任韩文秀在北京举行的记者会上表示,“十五五”规划的首要目标之一是保持经济增长在“合理区间”,并“显著提高”居民消费在GDP中的比重,但他没有透露具体目标比例。
目前,中国居民消费占GDP比重仍比全球平均水平低约20个百分点,而依靠信贷驱动的投资则高出约20个百分点。
中国国家发改委主任郑栅洁表示:“强化国内市场是中国式现代化的战略支撑……中国扩大内需仍有巨大空间与潜力。”
增长放缓引发结构性担忧
中国经济在第三季度增速降至一年以来最低水平,国内需求疲弱迫使经济增长更多依赖出口工厂的意外活跃表现,尽管美国加征关税仍在持续。市场普遍担忧,尽管中国政府承诺推动结构性改革,但在化解长期经济失衡方面的政策效果仍有待检验。
据中国官媒报道,国务院会议已要求加快明年政策储备与重点项目规划,以确保“十五五”规划开局良好。
此外,中国人民银行表示,将根据经济形势合理把握货币政策的力度、节奏与节点,以支持经济平稳增长,并维护股市、债市与外汇市场的稳定运行。
预期GDP达140万亿元
中共中央政策研究室主任蒋锦权在发布会上表示,预计中国今年GDP将达到140万亿元人民币(约19.7万亿美元),而今年前九个月GDP为101.5万亿元。市场关注中国政府如何在增长放缓的背景下提振内需。

美国官员周五(10月24日)表示,特朗普与金正恩的会晤“不在此次亚洲行程安排之内”。此前,韩国统一部长郑东泳(Chung Dong-young)周五(10月24日)呼吁美国总统特朗普在即将展开的亚洲访问期间,与朝鲜领导人金正恩举行会晤,并敦促双方抓住这次难得的"和平契机"。
法新社报道,针对外界有关“特金会”可能重启的传闻,一名美国官员周五表示,美国总统特朗普在即将展开的亚洲访问期间,并没有安排与朝鲜领导人金正恩的会晤。
这位官员在新闻简报中向记者表示:“总统特朗普虽然表达过希望在不久的将来与金正恩会面的意愿,但此次亚洲之行的行程中并没有安排相关会晤。”
特朗普本周五启程访问亚洲多国,其中包括韩国。此次声明也澄清了外界关于可能在首尔期间举行“特金会”的揣测。
另据路透社报道,韩国统一部长郑东泳(Chung Dong-young)周五(10月24日)呼吁特朗普在即将展开的亚洲访问期间,与朝鲜领导人金正恩举行会晤。郑东泳是韩国政府负责南北事务的最高决策官员。他表示,特朗普即将访问韩国,这是一个“天赐良机”,有助于提升朝鲜的国际地位,并推动其经济发展。
郑东泳周五对韩国媒体表示,“朝美两国领导人不应错过这次机会”,“他们需要作出大胆的决定。”
特朗普在其前一任总统任期内曾三度与金正恩会晤,但双方未能就朝鲜核计划达成一致,主要分歧集中在解除制裁与销毁核设施的步骤和范围上。
包括韩国总统李在明在内韩国官员,对下周是否可能举行特朗普与金正恩新一轮会晤持怀疑态度,但同时表示,如果成行,这将是重启与平壤外交突破的积极信号。
特朗普计划于24日晚间离开华盛顿,展开为期五天的亚洲访问行程,途经马来西亚、日本与韩国——这将是他自今年一月重返白宫以来首次访问亚洲。
特朗普上一次与金正恩会晤是在2019年,当时他在结束日本G20峰会行程后临时访问板门店,在这座横跨南北朝鲜边界的停战村与金正恩短暂会谈。

Pete Hegseth on XUS Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced Friday that the US had carried out another strike against a ship alleged to belong to drug traffickers.
The operation took place in the Caribbean Sea, against a group Hegseth identified as the Tren de Aragua criminal organisation.
Hegseth said "six male narco-terrorists" were on board and killed.
The US has carried out a series of strikes on ships in the region, in what President Donald Trump has described as an effort to curtail drug trafficking.
Hegseth posted a video on X showing the operation. The video begins by showing a boat in a crosshairs, before it explodes into a cloud of smoke.
This is the tenth strike the Trump administration has carried out against alleged drug traffickers since early September. Most have taken place off of South America, in the Caribbean, but on 21 and 22 October it carried out strikes in the Pacific Ocean.
Members of Congress, both Democrats and Republicans, have raised concerns about the legality of the strikes and the president's authority to order them.
Trump said he has the legal authority to order the strikes, and has designated Tren de Aragua a terrorist organisation.

Getty ImagesOntario Premier Doug Ford has said he will pause his province's anti-tariff advertisement campaign in the US, after it prompted President Donald Trump to terminate trade talks.
Ford said he made the decision after speaking to Prime Minister Mark Carney on Friday, adding that the TV spot will be paused on Monday "so that trade talks can resume".
It will still run over the weekend on US networks, he said, including during the Major League Baseball World Series games.
Carney told reporters earlier on Friday that Canada is prepared to resume trade talks with the US "when the Americans are ready".
Trump criticised the advert late on Thursday night in a Truth Social post, calling it "FAKE" and "egregious". He said trade talks were "HEREBY TERMINATED".
The advert, which was sponsored by the Ontario government, quotes former US President Ronald Reagan, a Republican and icon of US conservatism, saying tariffs "hurt every American".
The video takes excerpts from a 1987 national radio address by Reagan that focused on foreign trade.
Trump's termination of trade talks came after the Ronald Reagan Foundation, which is charged with preserving Reagan's legacy, released a statement saying the advert had used "selective" audio and video of the former president's remarks.
It accused the advert of misrepresenting Reagan's address, and said the Ontario government had not sought permission to use it.
On Friday, Ford said the intention of the advert was "to initiate a conversation about the kind of economy that Americans want to build" and the impact of tariffs.
"We've achieved our goal, having reached US audiences at the highest levels," Ford said.
Earlier in the day, the Ontario premier shared the full 1987 radio address on free and fair trade by Reagan, saying that the former president knew Canada and the US "were stronger together".
The US has imposed a 35% levy on all Canadian goods - though most are exempt under an existing free trade agreement. It has also slapped sector-specific levies on Canadian goods include a 50% levy on metals and 25% on automobiles.
Those sector-specific tariffs have especially hurt Ontario, where the bulk of Canada's automanufacturing industry is based.
Since his election earlier this year, Prime Minister Carney has attempted to strike a deal that would ease the tariffs. Three-quarters of Canadian exports are sold to the US, making its economy particularly vulnerable.

Sheffield Wednesday are now on minus six points after their 12-point deduction for going into administration
Sheffield Wednesday manager Henrik Pedersen wants "a new Wednesday with an old heart" as fan groups discuss the potential of a supporter-led ownership of the stricken Championship club.
The Yorkshire club was placed into administration on Friday and handed an automatic 12-point deduction by the EFL, leaving them bottom of the second tier on minus six points.
It does, though, effectively end the reign of deeply unpopular owner Dejphon Chansiri, with administrators Begbies Traynor now tasked with finding new owners for the club.
BBC Sheffield report there are interested buyers and administrators are already in active discussions with interested investors.
If nothing is forthcoming, the Sheffield Wednesday Supporters Trust (SWST) says it has been working for the past few months to see what action it can take.
"We have been working to develop a credible, fan-led takeover proposal," it said in a statement., external
"This ensures that even in the worst-case scenario, the threat of liquidation will not be an option."
The administration announcement was the culmination in a dark period in Wednesday's long and storied history.
The past few months have been dominated by delayed wage payments, player departures, fan protests and finally a boycott of attending matches as Owls supporters despaired at the manner in which their beloved club was being run.
Earlier this month it was revealed that His Majesty's Revenue & Customs was seeking a winding-up petition, with the club owing £1m.
But there is relief that Chansiri will now depart and Wednesday can move forward in a different direction.
"Today marks one of the most bittersweet days in our club's proud 158-year history," added the SWST.
"Entering administration was the inevitable outcome of years of financial mismanagement, a lack of accountability, and repeated failures to engage credible buyers.
"Administration is not something to be celebrated. It needn't have ended this way. But we are overjoyed to have Dejphon Chansiri out of our club for good."
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Seats spelling out 'Chansiri' removed from Hillsborough
On the pitch, Wednesday now find themselves 15 points from safety after 11 games with fellow strugglers Oxford United at Hillsborough on Saturday (15:00 BST).
After their squad was decimated in the summer and the club placed under a transfer embargo to bring in new players, they have won only one league match but Pedersen, appointed following the departure of Danny Rohl, has produced a competitive team.
But for the Dane there is initial optimism about the return of more fans to Hillsborough for Saturday following the boycott of Wednesday's match against Middlesbrough.
"It was awful the other evening," Pedersen told BBC Radio Sheffield. "But opposite, it can be fantastic tomorrow, to be together again and to have this experience.
"I'm really, really looking forward to this day that we are one club again."
In his time at Hillsborough, first as assistant to Rohl and now in full charge, Pedersen has gained a deep respect for the club and its supporters and he would like that to be at the forefront for any prospective new owners.
"Money is one thing but the strategy is important with understanding and respect for Sheffield Wednesday," he added.
"We have to be Sheffield Wednesday. We have to be a new Sheffield Wednesday with an old heart. We have to keep this understanding because we have a fantastic club, but this fantastic club deserves to grow."
While the immediate prospects are not good with the Owls facing an uphill task to avoid relegation to League One, fans are more optimistic for the longer term again.
"We needed somebody to listen, somebody to act, and somebody to give us that hope back that I can pass to my kids," Wednesday fan Gaz Robinson told BBC Sport.
"We're back. My kids can start going to games again. I should be upset, but weirdly, I'm really, really happy."
Midfielder Barry Bannan has been a stalwart in the Wednesday side since his arrival back in 2015 and signed a new deal in August despite the departures of many of his team-mates, following multiple delayed payments of player and staff wages.
"We've known for a while that this could be the route that it was going to go down. Obviously it's a sad day for the club first and foremost, you don't really want to be going into administration," the 35-year-old told BBC Radio Sheffield.
"As a group of players, it's made our task a lot harder this season as well so it was hard news to take but this needed to happen, we couldn't keep going on the way it was going on.
"The task becomes bigger but I think for the club going forward, it's probably the right thing that's happened."
Bannan has made 460 appearances for the club in his decade-long spell and he understands the fans' frustrations, but emphasised the importance of the atmosphere at Hillsborough.
"We totally got what they were doing, we were never against it as players and staff, we just wanted to play games," he added.
"I said that when the fans came on to the pitch the other week, that was the only bit of joy we're getting as a group of players and staff was playing three o'clock on a Saturday.
"We got what they were doing but now we need them more than ever, we've needed them all season at home and unfortunately we've not really had that atmosphere.
"But now the fans have got what they wanted, this is where we really need them to come and get behind us and be that extra man."
Bannan's message was echoed in a statement by the players issued on official club channels.
"After what has been a period of division and a feeling of 'disconnect' between the club, the players and the fans, we now hope this is the time we can all come back together under the badge and enjoy our football again," the statement read., external
"So we ask you, starting tomorrow against Oxford, please come back to Hillsborough and cheer the team on. Let's make the ground a place for teams to fear as we do everything we can to get the points we are going to so desperately need.
"Think back to the comeback against Peterborough, wins against Arsenal and Newcastle. That was you in the stands as much as us on the pitch!
"We won't give up, and we ask you not to give up on us. Together we are stronger. Together we can fight."

Sheffield Wednesday fans have waved black and gold scarves to protest against Dejphon Chansiri's ownership
Rob Staton, BBC Radio Sheffield reporter
As soon as administration was confirmed, we were allowed into Hillsborough Stadium and walked out into the stands.
Already, the name 'Chansiri' - emblazoned across the seats of the North Stand during his time as owner - was being replaced.
It was so symbolic. Fans roared their approval online when they saw the photos and videos we published. This was it - the new era the fans so desperately wanted.
There's an air of relief around the club. Although administration is far from ideal and will carry several unknowns, there's a feeling that things couldn't continue as they were. Something needed to change and now it will.
The club will eventually have new owners and we're already hearing that people have been reaching out to the administrators voicing their interest.
In the immediate future though it's about fans returning. That's what the administrators are now calling for. From boycotts on Wednesday night at Hillsborough to needing to fill the ground. Every penny is vital now to keep the club running.
The atmosphere for the Oxford United game this weekend could be electric. It could be emotional. Fans returning who had to force themselves to stay away. People who gave up their favourite thing, for the good of the club.
The fans helped force change and will be able to dream of a better future now, even if there are short-term challenges.

© Jim Watson/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

© Haiyun Jiang/The New York Times

欧盟与中国官员将于下周在布鲁塞尔举行会议,旨在缓解双方日益紧张的贸易关系,特别是围绕中国扩大稀土出口管制所引发的争议。欧盟担忧,中国稀土管制措施可能冲击欧洲关键制造业领域,包括汽车产业。
路透社报道,欧盟贸易事务专员谢夫乔维奇(Maros Sefcovic)与中国商务部长王文涛在周二(10月21日)举行的两小时视频通话中达成一致,由欧盟主办新一轮欧中对话。
欧盟委员会周五(10月24日)表示,下周将举行一系列欧中线下与线上会议,纳入“出口管制对话”(Export Control Dialogue)框架。不过,谢夫乔维奇与王文涛本人预计不会亲自出席。
在本周的视频会谈中,双方讨论了一系列令贸易关系趋紧的问题,包括稀土出口、中国电动车遭欧盟加征关税,以及荷兰政府近日查封中资控股的荷兰芯片制造商安世半导体(Nexperia)事件。
稀土元素共有17种,其中12种目前受到出口限制。这些关键原料广泛用于电动车、航空发动机及军用雷达等高端制造领域。中国掌握全球约90%的稀土加工与稀土磁体产能,在全球供应链中处于主导地位。
尽管中国与欧盟之间存在多项贸易摩擦,欧盟在很大程度上也被卷入了中美之间的贸易对抗。
自今年4月中国实施出口管制以来,全球稀土供应一度紧张。随后,北京分别与欧洲及美国达成多项协议,供应状况才逐步缓解。
然而,欧盟委员会表示,截至目前,在欧洲企业提交的约2000份优先出口许可申请中,仅有略超过一半获得了正常审批。

美国总统特朗普周五晚间离开华盛顿展开五日亚洲行,这既是特朗普重返白宫后首次亚洲行,也是第二次担任总统后时间最长的一次出国旅行,预计特朗普将在韩国与中国国家主席习近平利用出席亚太经合组织会议的机会举行峰会。
特朗普此行的目标是与中方达成贸易协议,就在他出发当天,美国贸易代表格里尔宣布,对中国是否履行2020年贸易协议展开调查,华盛顿一直指责北京方面并未遵守其承诺。
白宫贸易代表格里尔在一份声明中表示:“启动这项调查彰显了政府要求中国履行第一阶段协议的决心,该协议旨在保护美国农民、工人和企业家。”
此刻,美中贸易战持续升级,而且似乎看不到任何明确的化解冲突的迹象。北京宣布对几乎所有稀土矿产实施出口限制,华盛顿则计划进一步提高对中国商品的关税附加费,并威胁暂停一系列技术出口。
白宫于周四正式宣布特朗普将与习近平在韩国会谈,但没有披露任何细节。路透社援引消息人士称,没有任何一方指望会取得重大突破。两国总统会晤的筹备工作更多地侧重于处理分歧和取得小幅进展。
在有望达成的临时协议中,可能规定较低的互惠关税,中方或承诺购买美国大豆和波音公司生产的飞机。
美方则可能允许向中国出口更多尖端半导体,以换取中国放松稀有矿物出口限制。但并不能排除谈判可能无果而终。
美国财政部长贝森特周三将特朗普与习近平的会晤描述为“非正式会晤”,暗示此次会晤不具正式性质。但是,特朗普随后对媒体表示他将与习近平进行“相当长时间的会谈”,这将使得他们能够“解决许多问题和疑虑”。
除了贸易,北京更希望美国能在台湾问题上作出让步。台湾问题长期以来一直是两国间的争议焦点。美方则希望与中方讨论其盟友俄罗斯的问题,并希望中国最终放弃购买俄罗斯原油。

© Jeff Haller for The New York Times

© Dirck Halstead/Getty Images

EPA/ShutterstockMore than 20 nations supporting Ukraine have pledged to "take Russian oil and gas off the global market" as part of efforts to pressure President Vladimir Putin to end the war.
"We're choking off funding for Russia's war machine," said UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, after hosting a summit of the "coalition of the willing" in London.
The UK and US have in recent days sanctioned Russia's two biggest oil companies, while the EU targeted Moscow's liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, who was also in London, said "pressure" on Russia was the only way to stop the fighting. However, no long-range missile deliveries to Ukraine were announced at the summit.
Zelensky has long argued that US-made Tomahawks and European missiles would help make the war costs heavier for Moscow by hitting key military targets - including oil refineries and weapons depots - deep inside Russia.
But during last week's talks in Washington, US President Donald Trump indicated to Zelensky that he was not ready to supply Tomahawks.
On Thursday, President Putin warned that if "such weapons are used to strike Russian Federation territory the response will be... overwhelming".
Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Speaking at a joint press conference after the London summit, Starmer said Putin was "not serious about peace", and therefore Ukraine's allies agreed a "clear plan for the rest of the year" on supporting Ukraine.
The UK prime minister said this also included targeting Russia's sovereign assets to "unlock billions to help finance Ukraine's defence". He gave no further details.
On Thursday, EU leaders agreed to help support Ukraine's "financial needs" for the next two years - but stopped short of agreeing to use frozen Russian assets worth €140bn (£122bn).
Asked about a so-called "reparations loan" for Ukraine funded by the Russian assets, Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said she hoped a decision would be made by Christmas Eve
In London, the "coalition of the willing" also pledged to strengthen Ukraine's air defences" amid almost daily Russian air assaults on Ukrainian civilians and energy infrastructure.
Zelensky warned that Russia "wants to make the winter cold a tool of torment", adding that "they want to break us".
Further support for Ukraine's energy infrastructure was among the issues discussed at the summit - however, no specific announcements were made.
Ukraine and its western allies have publicly agreed with President Trump's proposal that the fighting should be immediately frozen along the vast front line for negotiations to begin.
Russia has rejected this idea, repeating demands that Kyiv and its allies describe as de facto capitulation by Ukraine.

PA MediaChancellor Rachel Reeves has refused to rule out an income tax rise in next month's Budget, amid speculation she is considering breaking a key Labour election pledge.
Asked about reports, first published in The Guardian newspaper, that the Treasury is in active discussions over raising the rate, Reeves said she would "continue to support working people by keeping their taxes as low as possible".
Reeves' refusal to rule out a rise does not mean one is inevitable as Chancellors rarely confirm or deny specific tax measures ahead of a Budget.
But her careful language contrasts with comments in September that "manifesto commitments stand" on not raising income tax, National Insurance or VAT.
Labour's 2024 general election manifesto contained a pledge not to raise "the basic, higher, or additional rates of income tax".
The party also promised not to increase National Insurance - prompting a row last autumn when it announced a hike in the contributions paid by employers.
Speaking to journalists in Leeds on Friday, Reeves said: "Although I can't talk about individual measures at this stage, I understand that the cost of living is still people's number one concern."
She went on to say that her aim was to "ensure that we continue to support working people by keeping their taxes as low as possible" but that she was still "going through the process" of writing her Budget.
She also said that although the inflation figures this week "came in better than expected" there was "obviously much more to do."
The chancellor has signalled she is likely to focus on wealthy individuals at the Budget, saying "those with the broadest shoulders should pay their fair share".
This week, reports suggested officials are exploring a mix of measures, including higher taxes on partnerships used by lawyers and accountants.
However, economists say such steps will not raise enough to close the hole in the government's finances, leaving Reeves under pressure to consider more politically sensitive options.
Influential think-tank the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) says Reeves will "almost certainly" have to raise taxes to make up a £22bn shortfall in the government's finances.
The gap has been driven by the Office for Budget Responsibility's (OBR) decision to downgrade productivity forecasts, wiping out much of the £10bn "headroom" Reeves set aside at the spring statement.
Government borrowing - the difference between public spending and tax income - in September rose to £20.2bn, the highest for that month in five years, according to the Office for National Statistics.
The effective interest rates on UK government debt has fallen sharply, but Reeves has been left with very little room to meet her self-imposed fiscal rules without increasing taxes.
These rules mean her plans must be projected to get government debt falling as a share of national income by 2029-30, and day-to-day government costs must be paid for by tax income rather than borrowing.
If Reeves increases income tax it will be the first rise in the rate since 2010, when Labour introduced a 50% additional rate on incomes over £150,000 which was reduced to 45% by the coalition government.
Currently, Income tax is charged on earnings above the personal allowance of £12,570, which is tax-free.
The basic rate of 20% applies to income between £12,571 and £50,27, while earnings from £50,271 to £125,140 are taxed at the higher rate of 40%. Income above £125,140 is subject to the additional rate of 45%.
These thresholds apply to most taxpayers in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, while Scotland has a separate system.
The Guardian reported that Treasury officials are in "active discussions" about adding 1p to the basic rate of income tax, which could raise more than £8bn as well - as looking at increasing higher rates for top earners.
The basic rate of income tax has not been raised since the 1970s.


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West Midlands PoliceAn asylum seeker has been found guilty of murdering a hotel worker, who he stabbed 23 times with a screwdriver at a railway station.
Deng Chol Majek had denied killing 27-year-old Rhiannon Whyte, who died three days after being attacked at Bescot Stadium station, in Walsall, in October 2024.
The killer was staying at the nearby Park Inn Hotel, where Ms Whyte worked, and staff reported Majek, originally from Sudan, had earlier been staring at her and others, in a "scary" and "spooky" manner.
CCTV captured Majek following Ms Whyte to the station before he fled minutes later. He was then seen dancing and drinking in the hotel car park, behaviour described as "callous" by prosecutors.
Majek denied he was the killer, repeatedly telling the court that CCTV and DNA evidence was wrong. No motive for why he attacked Ms Whyte has ever been established.
He showed no emotion when the jury returned its verdict after a little over two hours of deliberations.
Ms Whyte's mother Siobhan put her head in her hands and started crying when the verdict was read out, while Ms Whyte's two sisters were also in tears.
In a statement outside court, her sister Alexandra, who is now raising Ms Whyte's son, aged only five at the time, said: "Deng Chol Majek stalked, hunted and then preyed on our defenceless Rhiannon, before cornering her and unleashing a vicious attack – and for what purpose?
"She was at work, helping people as she always did, and he chose her for no purpose other than cold-blooded self-gratification."


Alexandra said Majek had stolen a "crucial piece" of her family.
"He took so many opportunities from Rhiannon, she will never watch her son grow up, we will never watch her marry, build a family, buy her first house or learn to drive," she said.
She said getting justice for her sister was not the end of her story and her family would continue to "advocate to evoke change" in her name.
"Many have tried to imply this is about immigration, but these are the choices of one man, not an ethnic group," she added.

FamilyBefore he was convicted, in a trial that lasted two weeks at Wolverhampton Crown Court, the jury heard Majek travelled to the UK on a small boat, arriving on 29 July 2024.
He was living at the Park Inn Hotel, which was owned by Radisson but was then being managed by Serco as an asylum hotel.
On 20 October 2024 Ms Whyte, who had worked at the hotel for three months, was on a late shift from 15:00 to 23:00 BST.
The court heard that earlier in the day her co-workers noticed Majek staring at her and other colleagues, in a manner described as "intimidating, scary and spooky".
At the end of her shift, Ms Whyte went outside for a vape, before walking across the road to the station to catch a train home.
Majek was seen on CCTV following her from a distance to the station and stalking her over the bridge to platform two.
Ms Whyte had called her friend Emma Cowley, who she had known since they were five, while she was on the way to the station.
During video evidence to the court, Ms Cowley said she heard two "terrified, high pitched" screams and then a long breath, before the phone went dead.


At that point on the deserted station platform, Ms Whyte had been stabbed 23 times, 11 of which penetrated her skull, with one cutting through her brain stem.
Minutes after the attack, she was found slumped in a platform shelter by a member of railway staff, who was assisted by a hotel worker.
Ms Whyte initially survived, but never regained consciousness and died in hospital three days later.
After he launched the attack, Majek was caught on camera walking quickly away from the scene before throwing Ms Whyte's phone into the River Tame.
The murder weapon, believed to be a screwdriver, has never been found.
Less than 90 minutes later, more footage showed Majek dancing at the hotel, while emergency services were still working at the nearby scene.
Prosecutors told the jury Majek's actions after the murder had been "utterly callous".
Despite the figure in the CCTV footage being of a similar build and wearing identical clothing as Majek, the killer repeatedly argued in court it was not him.
He also said other evidence, which included Ms Whyte's DNA under his nails and her blood on his clothing, was wrong.
Because of discrepancies over how old Majek is the judge, Mr Justice Soole, has ordered an age assessment report be drawn up before he is sentenced.
In court, Majek claimed he was aged 19, but prosecutors said they believed him to be in his mid 20s. Establishing accurately how old he is, will have a bearing on how he is sentenced.
A sentencing hearing is scheduled to take place at the same court on 15 December.
After thanking the jury, the judge referred to the "quiet dignity" Ms Whyte's family had shown throughout the "demanding" two-week trial.
"It is unimaginable and I thank you and admire you for it," he said.
Following Majek's conviction Carla Harris, from the Crown Prosecution Service, said: "Rhiannon Whyte should have been able to go to work and come home safely – but Deng Chol Majek robbed her of her life and future.
"He attacked her for no reason, and callously left her bleeding on a station platform.
"He then appeared to rejoice in his actions, having been caught laughing and dancing on footage an hour later."
Det Ch Insp Paul Attwell, of British Transport Police, said it was very unlikely the motive behind Majek's decision to "launch his savage attack" will ever be known.
He said the killer appeared "completely unbothered, bored even" throughout the trial, much to the distress of Ms Whyte's family.
"It was a brutal, cowardly and unprovoked attack on a vibrant and selfless young woman, who had her whole life ahead of her," Det Ch Insp Atwell said.
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PA MediaThe director of public prosecutions has said the China spy case collapsed because a top national security official could not say the country had been classed as an "enemy" when the Conservatives were in power.
In a letter to MPs, Stephen Parkinson said the unwillingness of Deputy National Security Adviser Matt Collins to say that China had been an active threat to national security between 2021 and 2023 was "fatal to the case".
Parkinson has been under pressure to explain why two men were charged with spying only for the case against them to collapse 16 months later without going to trial.
A political blame game erupted over the case - but the focus has now switched to the role of officials. And government witnesses are expected to query some of the DPP's written evidence when they appear before the parliamentary committee next week.
In April 2024, Christopher Cash and Christopher Berry were charged under the Official Secrets Act 1911 over allegations that they had passed information to a Chinese intelligence agent.
They were cleared of all wrongdoing in September after the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) withdrew its case. Both men always denied wrongdoing.
After weeks of pressure, Parkinson, who is the head of the CPS and director of public prosecutions, has now written a long letter to the national security strategy committee, ahead of appearing before it on Monday.
It sets out his account why Mr Cash and Mr Berry were first charged - and how the case then unravelled.
The men were first arrested in March 2023 on suspicion of offences under the Official Secrets Act - and if the case were to go before a jury, the prosecution would have to prove that the defendants had carried out activity "prejudicial to the safety or interests of the State".
Secondly, a jury would also have to be sure that the UK government had considered between 2021 and 2023 - when the alleged offending occurred - that China was an "enemy".
Prosecutors concluded that they would need to show a jury that China was an "enemy" with the help of expert factual evidence from Matt Collins, the Deputy National Security Adviser (DNSA).
As DNSA, Mr Collins is responsible for coming up with an assessment of threats to the UK's national security.
He began drafting, with advice from his own lawyers and other officials, a statement which had to be solely focused on the then Conservative government's official and publicly disclosable conclusions about the threat, if any, that China posed.
This evidence is separate from any information generated by the intelligence services that remains secret.
The eventual statement went into detail about the activities of Chinese intelligence agencies and how they seek to obtain information about the UK's political workings - but the word "enemy" was removed by the time a final version was completed in December 2023 and shared with Downing Street.
Mr Collins, in his own letter to MPs, said he told police investigating the case he could not call China an "enemy" as this "did not reflect government policy".
In July 2024, a Court of Appeal ruling on the legal definition of enemy, in a separate case concerning Russian interference in the UK, set off alarm bells in the CPS.
It underlined the need to provide a jury with a factual account of why a state could be considered an enemy under the Official Secrets Act - and while the government had provided a clear conclusion about Russia, it had not done so for China.
In his letter to MPs, Parkinson said that ruling meant the CPS and police had to go back to the DNSA to ask him for more evidence about China.
That evidence was essential because prosecutors knew that the defendant's barristers would question whether there was no evidence at all that the UK had regarded China overall as a threat between 2021 and 2023.

AFP/Getty ImagesIn July, the Director of Public Prosecution's team told the Cabinet Office: "To prove the offence, the jury would need to be satisfied so that they were sure that, at the material time, China was an enemy.
"That China was an active espionage threat would not be sufficient without examples which adequately demonstrate the nature and extent of the threat, such as to ground a finding that China was an enemy."
That led to two crunch meetings - which led to the case's collapse.
At the first meeting on 14 August, Mr Collins told the prosecution team that "he would not state in evidence, if asked, that China posed a risk to our national security at the material time, either in open Court or in a private session.
"He would also not accept that China was opposed or hostile to the interests of the United Kingdom at the material time," says Mr Parkinson's letter.
"He would accept, if asked [at trial], that China was not an enemy in the ordinary meaning of the word, and would not answer the question, if asked, whether China is an enemy within the meaning of the Official Secrets Act. He would say that is a matter for the jury."

House of LordsBy a meeting on 9 September this year, Mr Collins had been told that without such evidence, the case would collapse.
Mr Parkinson's letter tells MPs the official reiterated he could not provide the evidence they sought because it would not reflect the former government's position.
"In the conference, the DNSA [Mr Collins] confirmed to counsel that, in relation to the 2021-2023 situation, he would not say that China was an active threat.
"Successive governments had declined to categorise it as such."
Mr Parkinson tells the MPs that given the defence teams knew what Mr Collins had said in his statements, prosecutors were under a duty to call him to give evidence at a trial - and he would be cross-examined.
The CPS could not go to the DNSA and then, on discovering he could not provide the facts prosecutors needed, choose an alternative witness.
[The DNSA's] unwillingness to say that at the material time China was an active threat to national security was fatal to the case," said Mr Parkinson.

EPA/ShutterstockMore than 20 nations supporting Ukraine have pledged to "take Russian oil and gas off the global market" as part of efforts to pressure President Vladimir Putin to end the war.
"We're choking off funding for Russia's war machine," said UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, after hosting a summit of the "coalition of the willing" in London.
The UK and US have in recent days sanctioned Russia's two biggest oil companies, while the EU targeted Moscow's liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, who was also in London, said "pressure" on Russia was the only way to stop the fighting. However, no long-range missile deliveries to Ukraine were announced at the summit.
Zelensky has long argued that US-made Tomahawks and European missiles would help make the war costs heavier for Moscow by hitting key military targets - including oil refineries and weapons depots - deep inside Russia.
But during last week's talks in Washington, US President Donald Trump indicated to Zelensky that he was not ready to supply Tomahawks.
On Thursday, President Putin warned that if "such weapons are used to strike Russian Federation territory the response will be... overwhelming".
Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Speaking at a joint press conference after the London summit, Starmer said Putin was "not serious about peace", and therefore Ukraine's allies agreed a "clear plan for the rest of the year" on supporting Ukraine.
The UK prime minister said this also included targeting Russia's sovereign assets to "unlock billions to help finance Ukraine's defence". He gave no further details.
On Thursday, EU leaders agreed to help support Ukraine's "financial needs" for the next two years - but stopped short of agreeing to use frozen Russian assets worth €140bn (£122bn).
Asked about a so-called "reparations loan" for Ukraine funded by the Russian assets, Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said she hoped a decision would be made by Christmas Eve
In London, the "coalition of the willing" also pledged to strengthen Ukraine's air defences" amid almost daily Russian air assaults on Ukrainian civilians and energy infrastructure.
Zelensky warned that Russia "wants to make the winter cold a tool of torment", adding that "they want to break us".
Further support for Ukraine's energy infrastructure was among the issues discussed at the summit - however, no specific announcements were made.
Ukraine and its western allies have publicly agreed with President Trump's proposal that the fighting should be immediately frozen along the vast front line for negotiations to begin.
Russia has rejected this idea, repeating demands that Kyiv and its allies describe as de facto capitulation by Ukraine.

Anadolu via Getty ImagesGeorgia's former Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili has appeared in court charged with large-scale money laundering - a shocking turnaround for one of the most loyal allies of billionaire Bidzina Ivanishvili, widely seen as Georgia's de facto leader.
Prosecutors said when his home was raided by investigators earlier this month they discovered $6.5m (£4.9m) in cash.
Garibashvili, 43, twice served as prime minister during the Ivanishvili years – first from 2013-15 and then again from 2021 until January last year.
Now he has pleaded guilty to corruption charges that could carry a 12-year jail term and he has been granted bail of one million Georgian lari ($368,000; £277,000).
The charges against the former prime minister are the latest in a string of detentions of ex-government officials.
But the case against Garibashvili is the first prosecution of a senior member of Georgia's governing elite, and it comes amid the ruling party's authoritarian pivot away from the West.
While serving first as defence minister and then as prime minister between 2019 and 2024, he is alleged to have "secretly and covertly engaged in various types of business activities and received a particularly large amount of income of illegal origin".
He is accused of laundering this income and falsely declaring money as gifts from family members.
His lawyer, Amiran Giguashvili, confirmed his client was working with authorities.
"The court took into account that Mr Irakli agrees to the charges, does not hide from the investigation and co-operates," he told the BBC.

ReutersThe corruption case marks a dramatic fall for a politician who worked in Ivanishvili's companies before entering politics in 2011 as part of the billionaire's Georgian Dream party, which has been in power since 2012.
In February 2014, he signed Georgia's Association Agreement with the European Union.
However, in recent years he has led Georgia's shift away from the EU. He developed close ties with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban and said Nato's enlargement was one of the main reasons for the war in Ukraine.
According to Georgian political analyst Ghia Nodia, the former prime minister's downfall reflects Bidzina Ivanishvili's mistrust of his former political appointees.
"Ivanishvili is really the driver, he decided for some reason that there is some kind of treason in his team," Nodia said.
"At this point, he trusts [current PM Irakli] Kobakhidze but stopped trusting his closest lieutenant, not just Garibashvili, but also [ex-security chief] Liluashvili and others."
Meanwhile, Georgia's political turmoil continues, a year after Georgian Dream won contested parliamentary elections which the then president refused to recognise.
There have been daily protests since the government's announcement in November 2024 that it would halt membership talks with the EU, and most opposition leaders are now in jail.
New legislations have targeted civil society, pro-opposition media, and journalists and activists have been imprisoned.
"Ivanishvili seems like [he's] under siege," says Ghia Nodia. "He believes these crazy deep state conspiracies that the West wants to destroy him through these continuous protests in Georgia."

Getty ImagesNew York Attorney General Letitia James has pleaded not guilty to federal charges of bank fraud and making false statements to a financial institution.
James appeared in court in US District Court in Norfolk, Virginia, on Friday during a brief hearing where her legal team asked for a speedy trial.
Speaking outside of the courthouse after the arraignment, James accused Trump of using the justice system as a "vehicle of retribution" against her and other critics.
She previously brought brought charges against others he considers political enemies.
"There's no fear today," she said, as supporters outside cheered. On Friday, a judge set a trial date of 26 January.
The federal government alleges James bought a three-bedroom home in Norfolk using a mortgage loan that required her to use the property as her secondary residence, and did not allow for shared ownership or "timesharing" of the home.
The indictment claims the property "was not occupied or used" by James as a secondary residence, but instead was "used as a rental investment property" and was being rented to a family of three.
The "misrepresentation" allowed James to obtain favourable loan terms that would not have been available for an investment property, prosecutors claim.
Sources have told US media that James bought the home for her great-niece in 2020 and that the relative never paid rent for the home.
James' legal team also said in court filings this week that they plan to challenge the appointment of US attorney Lindsey Halligan to James' case.
Trump appointed Ms Halligan, his former personal attorney, to oversee the case after another US prosecutor, Erik Siebert, resigned. Siebert reportedly was ousted after he told the justice department he had not found sufficient evidence to charge James.
James' attorneys also are filing a motion to dismiss the case on the grounds that it is "vindictive".
She is one of several Trump critics who are under investigation or have faced criminal charges in recent weeks. The justice department charged Trump's former Federal Bureau of Investigation director James Comey with making false statements to Congress.
Trump's former national security adviser, John Bolton, is charged with sending and wilfully retaining national defence information.
Trump last month called on his social media site Truth Social for Attorney General Pam Bondi, to bring charges against his political opponents.
"We can't delay any longer, it's killing our reputation and credibility," he wrote.
James brought a civil fraud case against Trump and his company, the Trump Organization, in 2022. Trump was later found liable of falsifying records to secure better loan deals, leading to a $500m (£376m) fine.
The penalty was thrown out by an appeals court, which called the fine excessive, though it upheld that Trump was liable for fraud.
编者按:
南方周末科创力研究中心
责任编辑:黄金萍
南方周末研究员 曹妍
2025年度,消费电子及电气业共有397家入库企业,其中有371家披露研发投入合计2706.31亿元,TOP10企业研发投入合计1285.73亿元,占比接近一半。

对比2024年度,本年度上榜企业基本维持不变,其中九家还在榜上,仅有台达电替换了TCL科技。不过,除工业富联外排名顺序都有所改变。

最大变化就是榜首易位,小米超过美的跃居首位。双方差距主要来自研发投入,小米以51.93分高出美的(42.43)近10分,也领先其他八家。
2024年,小米的研发投入同比增长25.93%至240.5亿元,研发人员同比增长19.04%至2.12万人,研发强度达到6.57%。相比之下,美的研发人员(2.37万人)略高于小米,但研发投入(162.33亿元)和增幅(11.31%)、研发强度(3.99%)均不及小米。
汽车业务,是小米研发投入的最大引擎。自2021年3月官宣造车以来,小米2021-2024年的研发
校对:赵立宇

© Gabriela Bhaskar/The New York Times


© Gregory Bull/AP

© Jenny Kane/Associated Press