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浙江义乌前三季度进出口首破6000亿人民币

被誉为“世界超市”的中国小商品集散地浙江义乌,在今年前三季度外贸进出口首破6000亿元(人民币,下同,1096亿新元)。

据新华社报道,义乌海关统计,今年前三季度义乌外贸进出口首破6000亿元,达到6312亿元,同比增长26.3%。其中出口5539.9亿元,增长25.7%;进口772.1亿元,增长31.3%,均创历史新高。

今年前三季度,义乌对全球227个国家和地区有进出口贸易,其中181个国家和地区的贸易额实现同比增长,较去年同期增加29个。

报道也提到,前三季度义乌对共建“一带一路”国家进出口达到4293.9亿元,增长28.9%,占同期义乌进出口总值的68%。

李慧琼报名争取连任港立法会议员 称没人有必然胜算

香港立法会换届选举提名期上周展开后,中国大陆全国人大常委、现任立法会议员李慧琼星期四报名参选,争取连任。她坦言竞争十分激烈,没有一位候选人有必然胜算。

综合星岛头条网和点新闻报道,李慧琼星期四(10月30日)在九龙城区以及黄大仙区的多位区议员、地区领袖陪同下宣布将竞逐连任,报名参选立法会九龙中选区。她说,将凭借逾20年扎根基层的服务经验,结合全国人大常委的政治履历,致力推动香港积极融入国家发展大局,解决各项民生经济课题。

李慧琼说,政策落实绝非易事,必须凝聚各界共识,与不同持份者沟通。她将致力推动政策,促进香港融入国家发展大局。

她称,在由治及兴的新阶段,香港须把握“一国两制”独特优势,积极应对产业转型等挑战;议员不仅要出谋划策,“更要一起下场踢球”,共同推动社会及经济发展。

此次九龙中选区预计有六位参选人,李慧琼坦言竞争十分激烈,候选人均拥有服务社会经验,没有一位有必然胜算。她呼吁支持者在投票日当天踊跃行使公民权利,并强调每份支持都是推动改变的重要力量。

香港第八届立法会选举定于12月7日举行,立法会选举提名期由10月24日开始至11月6日,由地方选区、功能界别和选举委员会界别选出共90名议员。

贝森特:我们将掌控自己的命运,不再让供应链中有任何咽喉点

30/10/2025 - 15:44

在美国总统特朗普与中国国家主席习近平会晤后不久,美国财政部长贝森特(Scott Bessent)在受访时表示,“我们将掌控稀土、半导体、药品、钢铁和造船等领域的供应链。特朗普总统推行的‘美国优先’议程的一部分,就是让我们能够掌控自己的命运,不再像他继承的那样,在供应链中有任何咽喉点”。

陪同特朗普出席了此次峰会的贝森特在接受福克斯商业频道主播巴蒂罗姆(Maria Bartiromo)采访时称:“(会谈)房间里的气氛充满尊重,两位领导人彼此非常了解,也清楚即将面临什么。我认为,对今天的会晤非常有帮助的是,本周早些时候,我和我的对应方、何立峰副总理在马来西亚吉隆坡进行了为期两天的艰难而充分的谈判”。

贝森特补充道,“因此,习主席走进房间后表示,我认为我们可以就马来西亚达成的共识达成一致。于是,两位领导人得以在会谈中讨论更宏观的问题,包括特朗普总统剩余任期(的对华政策)将会是什么样子。因为我认为,中方意识到,特朗普总统的就任为这一(美中)关系提供了以相互尊重为基础的重置契机。特朗普总统在世界范围内赢得的尊重,是其他任何一位领导人都无法比拟的”。

当被问道,“许多人对稀土矿产的供应链表示担忧,我知道你首先与你的对应方讨论了此事,随后总统又与习近平进行了探讨。这是为期一年的暂停吗?关于稀土矿产的问题究竟如何?”

贝森特在批评了中方近期采取的加强稀土相关物项出口管制措施,重申这是“中国VS全世界”的决定后谈到,“我们成功谈判达成了一年暂停期,作为交换,中方获得了一些诉求。特朗普总统还与习主席达成协议,将着手应对这场影响美国的可怕芬太尼危机。中国在此扮演何种角色?其芬太尼前体化学品从中国运往加拿大、墨西哥,最终流入美国境内,夺走数十万我国公民的生命,并将在未来数十年摧毁无数家庭与人生”。

贝森特续指,“特朗普总统今年春季非常明智地就因芬太尼问题对中国加征了20%的关税,我们同意将税率减半;作为回报,中方将大幅加强合作以遏制流入北美的前体化学品。未来数周我们将成立工作组,并制定客观标准来评估合作成效”。

当被问道“您是否相信今年确实能实现精炼磁铁的稳定供应?这是否足以让美国在稀土磁铁需求方面实现独立?” 贝森特提到,“中方控制着约70%的矿产开采,但更重要的是,他们掌控着约90%的加工与提炼环节。因此自今年1月以来,特朗普总统领导的本届政府一直在努力建设能够提炼和加工稀土的设施”。

贝森特说道:“我认为这是我们继承下来的问题。这团乱麻已经酝酿了20年,整整20年,而特朗普总统决心解决这个问题,因为我们必须掌控我们的供应链”。

贝森特补充道,“我们将掌控我们在稀土、半导体、药品、钢铁和造船等领域的供应链。特朗普总统推行的‘美国优先’议程的一部分,就是让我们能够掌控自己的命运,不再像他继承的那样,在供应链中有任何咽喉点”。

巴蒂罗姆追问道,“作为回应,美国是否暂停了那项新规?该规定本将扩大实体清单范围,对任何由清单上一个或多个实体持股至少50%的实体实施出口限制,为期一年?”

贝森特回答说:“是的,我们将暂停这项措施一年,作为(中方)对稀土许可制度暂停的交换。这里需要注意的是,这是中国VS全世界。中国对全世界实施或威胁实施这项许可制度,而作为自由世界领袖的特朗普总统为所有人谈判达成了这项协议,因为人们需要明白的是,西方供应链,以及亚洲民主国家,包括印度、日本、韩国,以及我现在所在的地区的供应链,都是高度一体化的”。

贝森特续称,“所以,仅仅恢复对美国的许可证或许可证制度是没有任何好处的。它必须适用于全世界,全世界都团结在一起,我们都在共同前进,而这正是特朗普总统的领导力所取得的成就”。

当被问道“关于暂停301条款调查中针对中国海事、物流和造船业实施一年的措施,这是否也在考虑范围内?”

贝森特指出,“这项措施也已暂停。与此同时,自夏季以来仅是301条款的威胁就已导致中国造船厂订单量大幅下滑,该调查将暂停一年。更重要的是,特朗普总统昨晚与韩国总统达成历史性协议,将造船业重新带回美国。韩国是卓越的造船国, 日本也是卓越的造船国。我们将与西方盟友整合造船产业——玛丽亚(巴蒂罗姆),这才是真正的领导力”。

就媒体报道称,日本首相高市早苗拒绝了美方敦促其停止购买俄罗斯液化天然气的消息,贝森特提到,“日本从俄罗斯进口大量液化天然气,约占其需求的10%,我认为随着时间推移他们会逐步减少依赖;他们(日本)将参与美国在阿拉斯加建设的大型管道项目,韩国也可能加入其中。而习主席在今天的会晤中单方面提出中方可能愿意参与其中。所以,这是美国前所未见的能源主导地位(所促成的)”。

特朗普在乘坐专机返美途中在社媒平台贴文称,“中国还同意启动购买美国能源的程序。事实上,可能会有一笔规模巨大的交易,涉及从伟大的阿拉斯加州购买石油和天然气。赖特(Chris Wright)、伯古姆(Doug Burgum)以及我们各自的能源团队将举行会议,探讨能否达成这一能源协议”。他口中的赖特和伯古姆分别是美国能源部长和内政部长。

与此同时,贝森特在采访中还提到,中方已批准TikTok美国业务的转让协议,并称预计该协议将在未来几周或几个月内取得进展,但未透露更多细节。贝森特在采访中说:“在吉隆坡,我们最终敲定了TikTok转让协议,获得了中方的批准。我预计该协议将在未来几周或几个月内取得进展,我们最终会看到解决方案”。

北京方面,中国商务部新闻发言人周四提及,“双方进一步确认了马德里经贸磋商成果,美方在投资等领域作出积极承诺,中方将与美方妥善解决TikTok相关问题”。

此外,贝森特称,中国已同意在本产季——截至明年1月——购买1200万公吨美国大豆,并承诺在未来三年内每年购买2500万吨,这是美中一项更广泛贸易协议的一部分。

贝森特还表示,东南亚其他国家已同意购买另外1900万吨美国大豆,但并未具体说明这些采购的时间表。贝森特宣称:“所以,那些被中方当作政治棋子的伟大大豆种植户们——这种情况已经不复存在了,他们应该会在未来几年里兴隆昌盛”。

中国是全球最大的大豆买家,也是美国农民的主要市场,北京方面将对美国农产品的巨大需求转化为贸易战中有力的谈判筹码。在经历了多轮针锋相对的关税战后,中国对美国大豆征收了高达23%的进口关税,中国买家大多放弃了今年美国秋季收成,转而从南美洲采购。

中国需求的下降使美国农民——特朗普政治基础的重要支柱——损失了数十亿美元的销售额。自特朗普第一任期贸易战爆发以来,中国已实现了大豆进口来源的多元化。

海关数据显示,2024年中国从美国进口的大豆约占其进口总量的20%,低于2016年的41%。路透社报导指,2024年,美国向中国出口了近2700万吨大豆。



大众集团今年第三季度出现亏损

德才
2025-10-30T15:15:02.121Z
保时捷成了大众集团的累赘?

(德国之声中文网)大众是欧洲规模最大的汽车生产商,旗下拥有斯柯达和奥迪等品牌。大众汽车周四(10月30日)宣布,此次季度亏损约10.7亿欧元,是2020年初夏以来的首次。当时,新冠疫情对经济造成了严重冲击。

大众汽车首席财务官安特利茨(Arno Antlitz)解释说,大众汽车目前面临的困境“主要源于关税上调、保时捷产品战略调整以及保时捷资产减值”。

今年9月,保时捷宣布推迟几款纯电动车型上线,同时专注燃油车和混合动力汽车。上个月,大众汽车大幅下调了本年度的业绩预期。根据大众汽车的季度报告,保时捷子公司将使大众汽车损失约47亿欧元。

目前,欧洲市场需求疲软,中国市场竞争日益激烈,而美国加征的关税的影响也带来重大负面影响。大众汽车只在美国田纳西州拥有一家工厂,集团旗下的其他品牌基本在美国境外生产。安特利茨表示,“关税增加、销量下滑每年将给集团造成高达50亿欧元的损失。

此外,电动汽车利润率较低。尽管电动车销量增长了约三分之一,但电池成本仍然居高不下,对整体盈利产生不利影响。

不过,大众集团第三季度营收同比增长2.3%至约803.1亿欧元,这主要得益于全球汽车销量小幅增长1%。在欧洲,每四辆电动汽车中就有一辆来自大众汽车集团。

相关图集:德国大厂爆裁员潮 景气难以逢春

大众汽车计划关闭德国三处工厂:大众汽车的职工委员会2024年10月28日大众总部沃尔夫斯堡(Wolfsburg)的一场员工信息发布会上宣布,大众汽车董事会计划关闭在德国10座工厂的至少三座,并裁员数千人,所有大众员工要做好减薪的准备。大众目前在德国有近12万名员工,其中约一半在沃尔夫斯堡。今年9月,大众资方单方面宣布终止遵守了30多年的对员工的就业岗位保障,自2025年中期将不再排除因业务原因裁员的可能性。
福特宣布在欧洲裁员14%:美国福特汽车日前宣布将裁减14%的欧洲员工,理由是近年来电动车需求疲软、欧洲政府对电动车转型的支持力度不够以及来自获得补贴的中国对手的竞争。福特管理层计划在2027年底前在德国裁减2900个岗位,其中几乎全部位于科隆。目前,该公司在德国约有1.2万个岗位。在2024年11月27日的员工大会上,工会代表向员工通报,部分生产领域可能会被外包或出售。
博世:全球裁员5500人:德国技术与服务公司博世(Bosch)计划在未来几年内减少其汽车部门多达5500个工作岗位,其中约一半在德国。博世指出,全球汽车销量停滞,汽车行业的工厂产能过剩与销售前景不匹配,以及向电动化和软件控制车辆的转型比预期更慢。此外,博世还计划通过缩减德国部分员工的每周工时来降低成本,这一决定将影响约1万名员工。
蒂森克虏伯的裁员风暴:德国重工业巨头蒂森克虏伯(Thyssenkrupp)的钢铁部门计划在未来几年内裁减约1.1万个岗位。目前其员工总数约为2.7万人。根据公该司的声明,到2030年将削减约5000个岗位,同时通过外包和业务出售减少6000个职位。其目标是在未来几年内将人员成本平均降低10%。行业工会IG Metall对此表示将“进行激烈反抗”。
舍弗勒集团削减数千个工作岗位:德国汽车零部件供应商舍弗勒集团(Schaffler)在与纬湃科技(Vitesco)合并一个月后,宣布将在欧洲裁减4700个工作岗位,其中德国将裁员2800人,相当于其全球员工总数的约3.1%。据该公司表示,此次裁员将涉及德国的10座工厂和欧洲其他5座工厂,其中两处欧洲工厂将完全关闭。舍弗勒在合并后,全球雇员人数约12万人。
采埃孚削减员工工时:汽车供应商采埃孚(ZF)2024年7月就已宣布希望在未来四年内在德国裁员1.1万至1.4万人。目前该公司在德国的员工人数为5.4万人。鉴于目前市场状况,这家位于巴登符腾堡的企业已不得不在德国多个据点采取措施,10月便宣布将缩减其施韦因富特厂(Schweinfurt)员工的工作时间。此举旨在减少产能过剩的问题,同时避免裁员。
奥迪:在德国裁员7500人:大众汽车集团旗下的品牌奥迪2025年3月宣布将在德国裁员7500人,理由是德国汽车业面临“巨大挑战”,面对着电动汽车需求放缓和来自中国日益激烈的竞争。此次裁员涉及奥迪在德国的行政和研发部门,不包括生产部门。预计至少到2029年底,裁员将通过自愿离职和合同到期不续约的方式实现。
西门子:全球裁员6000,其中2850在德国:德国西门子集团3月18日发布公告,宣布将在全球范围内裁员6000余人,其中德国本土裁员约2850人,以应对部分业务部门需求低迷挑战,提升企业竞争力。此次裁员主要涉及数字化工业部门的自动化业务,该部门将在2027财年末前全球裁员约5600人。电动汽车充电部门也将在2025财年末前全球裁员约450人。
德意志银行:削减2000个岗位:德国最大的银行——德意志银行首席执行官塞温(Christian Sewing)3月19日在伦敦的一次会议上表示,在利润下滑的背景下,德意志银行计划缩减支行业务,在相关部门裁员约2000人。

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Trump hails 'amazing' meeting with China's Xi but no formal trade deal agreed

US President Donald Trump has hailed an "amazing" meeting with his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, amid rising hopes for a de-escalation of tensions between the world's two biggest economies.

Beijing was less effusive, saying the two side had reached a consensus to resolve "major trade issues" during the leaders' first face-to-face meeting in six years.

Trump's trade war had set off tit-for-tat tariffs that shot past 100% on both sides, but they agreed to a truce in May - although tensions remained high.

Thursday's talks did not lead to a formal agreement but the announcements suggest they are closer to a deal - the details of which have long been subject to behind-the-scenes negotiations.

Trade deals normally take years to negotiate, and countries around the world have been thrown into resolving differences with the current Trump administration within a matter of months.

One key win for Trump is that China has agreed to suspend export control measures it had placed on rare earths, crucial for the production of everything from smartphones to fighter jets.

A jubilant president told reporters on Air Force One that he had also got China to start immediately buying a "tremendous amounts of soybeans and other farm products". Retaliatory tariffs on American soybeans by Beijing had effectively halted imports from the US, harming US farmers - a key voting block for Trump.

There was, however, no mention of a breakthrough on TikTok. The US has sought to take the video-sharing app's US operations away from Chinese parent company ByteDance for national security reasons.

Meanwhile, the US has said it will drop part of the tariffs it has levied on Beijing over the flow of ingredients used in making fentanyl to the US. Trump has imposed severe tariffs on the US's top trade partners for their perceived failure to clamp down on the drug.

However, it seems other tariffs, or taxes on imported goods, will remain in place, meaning that goods arriving in the US from China are still being taxed at a rate of over 40% for US importers.

Beijing will also be able to speak to Jensen Huang, the head of US tech firm Nvidia - according to Trump. Nvidia is at the heart of the two countries' fight over AI chips: China wants high-end chips but the US wants to limit China's access, citing national security.

Beijing has also extended an invitation to Trump to visit China in April - yet another sign of thawing relations.

'A good start'

But the meeting also showed the gulf between the two leaders' approaches.

Xi was self-contained, and said only what he had prepared. He entered the meeting knowing he had a strong hand. China had learned from Trump's first term, leveraging its chokehold on rare earths, and diversifying its trade partners so it is less reliant on the US.

Afterwards, he was far more measured in his language than Trump. The two sides would be working on delivering outcomes that will serve as a "reassuring pill" for both countries' economies, he said.

Trump was - as always - more ad-lib. But the US president was also noticeably more tense than he had been for the rest of his whirlwind trip to South East Asia - a reflection of the high stakes in Thursday's meeting.

The glamour and pageantry on show since he arrived at his first stop in Malaysia just five days ago was also absent.

Gone were the gold-laden palaces of the sort he was welcomed to in Japan on Tuesday. Instead, a building at an airport, lying behind barbed wire and security checkpoints.

The military bands which welcomed Trump to South Korea on Wednesday were nowhere to be seen.

Instead, the only sign something important was going on inside was the heavy police and media presence.

But despite the quieter public face, what was happening inside was arguably the most significant hour and 20 minutes of the trip.

Henry Wang, a former adviser to China's State Council, told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that Trump and Xi's talks "went very well".

It may not have been a trade deal, but a "framework and structure has been laid", he added - calling it "a good start".

Starmer rules out investigation after Reeves admits rental ‘mistake’

Reuters Rachel Reeves leaves 11 Downing Street,Reuters

Chancellor Rachel Reeves has admitted breaking housing rules by unlawfully renting out her family home without a licence.

Reeves has told Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, as well as the independent ethics adviser and Parliament's standards commissioner of the error, which was first reported in the Daily Mail.

It is understood the chancellor used a letting agency but was not told the house was in an area that needed a "selective licence" to rent the property.

Reeves rented out her Southwark home after moving into a flat in Downing Street after last year's election win.

A spokesperson for Reeves said it was an "inadvertent mistake" and she has now applied for the licence.

Conservative leader Kemi Badenoch has called for a "full investigation".

In a social media post, Badenoch said if the chancellor broke the law, the prime minister must "show he has the backbone to act".

The family home in London was put up for rent after Labour won the election in July 2024 for £3,200 a month.

It is in an area where Southwark Council requires private landlords to hold a "selective licence".

The council's website states: "You can be prosecuted or fined if you're a landlord or managing agent for a property that needs a licence and do not get one."

A spokesperson for Rachel Reeves said: "Since becoming chancellor Rachel Reeves has rented out her family home through a lettings agency.

"She had not been made aware of the licencing requirement, but as soon as it was brought to her attention she took immediate action and has applied for the licence.

"This was an inadvertent mistake and in the spirit of transparency she has made the prime minister, the Independent Adviser on Ministerial Standards and the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards aware."

Writing on social media, Badenoch said Sir Keir "once said 'lawmakers can't be lawbreakers'. If, as it appears, the chancellor has broken the law, then he will have to show he has the backbone to act."

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UK charters flights to get Britons out of Jamaica

AFP via Getty Images A car drives through the a destroyed neighbourhood following the passage of Hurricane Melissa, in Black River, JamaicaAFP via Getty Images
Hurricane Melissa has destroyed homes and infrastructure, flooded neighbourhoods and left dozens dead

The UK government has chartered flights to help British nationals leave Jamaica in the wake of Hurricane Melissa.

As many as 8,000 Britons are understood to be on the Caribbean Island. The Foreign Office has urged them to register their presence to receive updates on the disaster response.

It did not specify how many planes had been chartered, but said Brits and their immediate family would be able to take them as long as they held valid travel documents.

The rare category five storm - the strongest type - made landfall on Jamaica on Tuesday, leaving a trail of destruction, flooding and dozens of people dead, before continuing to move through the Caribbean.

At least five people are known to have died in Jamaica, with at least another 20 fatalities confirmed dead in Haiti.

Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper said the chartered flights were to "bolster commerical capacity and ensure people who wish to return to the UK can do so as soon as possible".

She added: "The strong links between the UK and Jamaica mean many British nationals were there during the devastation of the hurricane, and we need to ensure they can get safely home, as we know how worrying and difficult the last few days will have been."

The Foreign Office is urging those in Jamaica to contact their airlines first to see if commercial flights are available.

It added that Windrush generations with indefinite leave to remain in the UK were also eligible for the government flights.

Jamaica's Transport Minister Daryl Vaz said on Wednesday that some airports - including Norman Manley in Kingston - would initially open only for humanitarian relief flights only.

Some commercial flights from the capital, Kingston, are scheduled to begin operating again on Thursday.

Sangster International Airport, which serves the badly hit Montego Bay, will reopen on Thursday for relief flights only, with commercial flights to resume at a yet-to-be-determined time later, Vaz said.

Hurricane Melissa - what we know about the damage in Jamaica

The Foreign Office announcement comes a day after the UK government pledged £2.5m to help with the relief effort, with the funds going towards delivering emergency supplies such as shelter kits, water filters and blankets.

Technical experts have also been deployed to assist with the disaster response and recovery efforts.

Melissa first hit Jamaica's southern coast with maximum sustained winds of 295km/h (185mph) - the strongest hurricane so far this year.

Those speeds were above those of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, one of the worst storms in history. With communications largely crippled, the full extent of the disaster remains unclear.

Early images show homes and other structures razed to the ground, debris littering streets and fast-moving floodwater streaming through neighbourhoods.

Jamaica's Prime Minister Andrew Holness declared the island a "disaster area" on Tuesday, warning of "devastating impacts" and "significant damage" to hospitals, homes and businesses.

Three-quarters of the country had no electricity overnight and many parts of Jamaica's western side are under water.

While Melissa has now cleared Jamaica and is moving towards the Atlantic, there will still be some thunderstorms across the island.

The US National Hurricane Center warns that an additional 8-15cm (3-6 inches) of rain is possible in parts, with up to 76cm over mountainous areas, posing an ongoing risk of flash flooding and landslides.

The remnants of Melissa are forecast to move across the UK next week.

The weather system will move across the far north-west late on Sunday and into early Monday - likely as a largely "business as usual" storm, the Met Office said.

Virgin cleared to challenge Eurostar on Channel Tunnel route

Virgin A red Virgin train is seen on a platform at Kings Cross St Pancras InternationalVirgin
An artist's impression of a Virgin train at St Pancras International

Virgin Trains will be able to launch rail services through the Channel Tunnel after the UK's rail regulator approved its application to share a depot with Eurostar.

The decision by the Office of Rail and Road (ORR) means Eurostar's monopoly on passenger services is set to be broken for the first time since the tunnel opened in 1994.

Temple Mills railway storehouse in east London is the only depot in the UK able to accommodate the larger trains used in continental Europe and which is already linked to the cross-Channel line.

Virgin says it wants to start running services from 2030, but the ORR says several steps will need to be taken first.

The ORR had said the Temple Mills depot had enough space to either house an expanded Eurostar fleet or accommodate a rival company's trains – but not both.

The regulator said a number of steps needed to be taken before new international services could run. Virgin needs to enter into a commercial agreement with Eurostar, will have to secure finance, access to track and stations, and have to get safety approvals from UK and EU authorities.

But the ORR said its decision unlocked plans for around £700m of investment and could create 400 new jobs, describing it as "a win for passengers, customer choice, and economic growth".

Martin Jones, deputy director of Access and International at the ORR, said: "While there is still some way to go before the first new services can run, we stand ready to work with Virgin Trains as their plans develop."

Sir Richard Branson, founder of the Virgin Group, said: "The ORR's decision is the right one for consumers – it's time to end this 30-year monopoly and bring some Virgin magic to the cross-Channel route."

Several firms had wanted to start operating services between London and mainland Europe, including Spanish start-up Evolyn, Richard Branson's Virgin and a partnership between Gemini Trains and Uber.

The ORR only approved Virgin's application on Thursday and rejected applications from Evolyn, Gemini and Trenitalia.

Virgin said it planned to launch rail services from London St Pancras to Europe from 2030.

This will include services to Paris Gare du Nord, Brussels-Midi and Amsterdam Centraal, with future plans to expand further across France, and into Germany and Switzerland.

The witches of Dumbarton - tortured, executed and falsely accused

Getty Images A woman with black cloak and a hat, walking through a misty forestGetty Images
At least 32 people in Dumbarton were accused of witchcraft

Today it sits as a nondescript car park behind a large council office.

Yet hundreds of years ago an unassuming patch of land in Dumbarton was the location for some of Scotland's darkest moments - as locals who had been accused of witchcraft were led there to be executed.

More than two dozen people in the town were accused and tortured in the belief that they were doing Satan's bidding, as religious fervour swept the area during the 17th Century.

Now campaigners are hoping to spotlight the names of those accused and pay tribute to them with a memorial.

In 2022 Nicola Sturgeon offered a formal apology to people accused of witchcraft between the 16th and 18th Centuries.

About 4,000 Scots, mostly women, were accused of breaking the Witchcraft Act between 1563 and 1736, and the vast majority were executed.

Louise Wilson has been researching the history of witches in Dumbarton, where she believes suspicion of witchcraft was common.

Through historical records she has already found 32 cases of people accused from 1624 to 1697 - with 22 of those executed.

Of the remaining 10, one fled the region while the fates of the other nine have been lost to history.

"Port towns had a lot of accused in Scotland," explains Louise, the secretary of Remembering The Accused Witches of Scotland.

"A lot of hustle and bustle leads to more accusations, so as well as Dumbarton it was the same on the coast of Fife and in Ayr. The failing of the crops, or bad trade or a ship having trouble – these would all be blamed on witches."

RAWS A group of four women sit behind a table - three are wearing purple tops and one is in a black dress. On the table are various leaflets and booklets. A banner draped over the table reads REMEMBERING THE ACCUSED WITCHES OF SCOTLAND.RAWS
Remembering The Accused Witches of Scotland would like a memorial placed in Dumbarton

Witch hunts took place in many countries during that period, but academics have previously said Scotland's execution rate was five times the European average.

For Louise, the most terrifying aspect of the accusations lies in how easily they could be made, often with little evidence.

"These were ordinary people doing ordinary jobs, but if you argue with your neighbour you could end up accused of witchcraft," says Louise.

"There is a woman called Jonet Boyd, in 1628. A man called Robert Glen, who was a notary, accused her.

"He had met her on the street and said she threw words and obscenities at him, grabbed his clock, whipped him around and threw a stone at him. Two witnesses also confirmed this happened.

"The next morning he accused her of witchcraft – however there is nothing in the records about whether he had done something to her to make her act like that. Maybe she turned him down – we don't know."

Jonet Boyd was executed as a result of the accusations from Robert Glen.

Not all the accused were women, though the majority were. Louise recounts a slater called John McWilliam, who fled to Stranraer after being accused of witchcraft for a second time, before going on trial in Edinburgh.

He was then executed in 1655.

Louise Wilson A head shot of a woman with brunette hair, looking into the camera.Louise Wilson
Louise Wilson believes it is important to remember those falsely accused

Other signs of witchcraft listed in local records include not attending church and talking to animals, which were assumed to be a witch's familiar - meaning a supernatural creature helping the accused.

If someone was accused, they would be subject to brutal torture aimed at securing a confession.

However methods often associated with witch trials, such throwing them into water with hands tied behind their back, were more common in England rather than Scotland.

Scottish alternatives were not any more pleasant, however.

"Things like dooking or hanging weren't done in Scotland – they were strangled and burned instead," says Louise.

"They would be kept awake for three days and three nights, getting beaten told to keep walking while have accusations screamed at them. They also used thumb and finger screws, iron boots and crimp claws.

"They would be stripped naked and their hair shaved, then brought in front of a judiciary of ministers and highly ranked men in the town.

"Someone would search for the devil's mark to prove they were in league with Satan - that could be something like a mole or a birthmark. So by the time they were executed they looked the typical stereotype of a Halloween witch."

Google A car park on a sunny day, with dozens of cars parked thereGoogle
The site for witches' executions is now a car park for the council.

Those stereotypes might bring to mind images of black hats, broomsticks and cackling over cauldrons, common in much media.

However for the accused, the effect of the accusations - even if later cleared - were immense.

In Dumbarton the situation was stoked by zealous local ministers, with the Covenanter movement having considerable influence at the time.

"You had ministers saying witches were among us, they are in thrall to Satan and it was being drummed in people that witches were among the community.

"This lasted for over 150 years but it's not well known about, it's not being taught in history classes."

Louise and the rest of the RAWS team are now seeking to place a memorial at the execution site off Church Street in Dumbarton.

They will also host a conference at Maryhill Burgh Halls on 8 November.

Earlier councillors discussed the matter, and agreed that it was important to remember the victims.

A West Dunbartonshire Council spokesperson said: "We have been engaging with Remembering the Accused Witches of Scotland who are keen to install a fitting memorial."

For Louise, a display would be important, as would telling the stories of those accused to future generations.

"When you say their names and tell their stories, it's a way of remembering them."

Hurricane leaves trail of destruction across Caribbean

Getty Images An aerial view of hurricane destruction shows collapsed buildings with roofs torn off and debris scattered across the ground. In the centre is a partially standing two-storey pink and white building. Broken wooden beams, metal sheets and concrete rubble cover the surrounding area as well as bare trees.Getty Images
In Jamaica, the impact was most severe in the southwestern parish of St Elizabeth.

The scale of devastation left by Hurricane Melissa is becoming clear after the record-setting storm tore through Jamaica, Haiti and Cuba, leaving at least 32 people dead.

Although downgraded from a Category 5 to a Category 1 storm, Melissa gathered speed as it swept through the Bahamas on Thursday and is expected to make landfall in Bermuda later.

The strongest storm to strike the Caribbean island in modern history, the hurricane sustained winds of 298 km/h (185 mph) at its peak - stronger than Hurricane Katrina, which devastated New Orleans in 2005, killing 1,392 people.

The US National Hurricane Centre (NHC) reported sustained winds of 165km/h at 09:00 GMT on Thursday.

AFP via Getty Images A man wearing a blue jumpsuit stands in brown floodwater beside a bright blue car that is partially submerged. The vehicle is being pulled or secured with a rope attached to the front bumper.AFP via Getty Images
Cuba's second-largest city, Santiago de Cuba, was badly hit

It warned of possible coastal flooding as the storm accelerated northeastward.

Authorities in the Bahamas have since lifted hurricane warnings for the central and southern islands, as well as for the Turks and Caicos.

The country's Minister of State for Disaster Risk Management, Leon Lundy, urged residents to remain vigilant, saying: "Even a weakened hurricane retains the capacity to bring serious devastation."

Nearly 1,500 people were evacuated from vulnerable areas in what officials described as one of the largest operations in Bahamian history.

While flooding has disrupted parts of the archipelago, the ministry of tourism said the majority of the country - including Nassau, Freeport, Eleuthera and the Abacos - remained largely unaffected and open to visitors.

Across the wider Caribbean, Melissa's powerful winds have torn apart homes and buildings, uprooted trees and left tens of thousands without power.

In Cuba, residents of the country's second-largest city Santiago de Cuba worked with machetes to clear streets buried in debris. President Miguel Díaz-Canel said the hurricane had caused "considerable damage" but did not provide a casualty figure.

In Jamaica, the impact was most severe in the southwestern parish of St Elizabeth, where knee-deep mud and washed-out bridges left towns such as Black River cut off. On the road west out of the capital Kingston we saw minimal damage - some structures torn down, trees strewn across roads and gardens.

Reuters An orange house with a partially collapsed roof and broken solar panels is surrounded by muddy brown floodwater that reaches halfway up its walls. Debris, including fallen branches and wooden planks, floats nearby. A silver car is almost completely submerged in the water to the right of the house. The surrounding area shows palm trees bent or stripped of leaves.Reuters
St Elizabeth is covered in knee-deep mud and with flooded roads

But once we arrived in central Jamaica we started to see how severely the island had been hit. The town of Mandeville has been, for want of a better word, flattened. A petrol station lost its roof and most of its pumps.

Dana Malcolm of the Jamaica Observer described "very, very slow progress" along roads still blocked by landslides when reaching St Elizabeth. She told the BBC: "I was standing in what used to be main street yesterday and I was knee-deep in mud where the road should have been."

Communication across Jamaica has been all but severed, with power lines and mobile networks down in much of the southwest. Many families have spent days unable to contact relatives in the hardest-hit parishes.

In Black River, the New York Times reported, the relative of one victim walked 15 miles (24km) to the police station to report their loved one dead.

Desmond McKenzie, the minister of local government, shared the news that "amidst all this, a baby was safely delivered under emergency conditions. So there is... a baby Melissa".

Haiti, already mired in gang violence and humanitarian crisis, suffered at least 23 deaths - 10 of them children - largely due to flooding after days of relentless rain, despite the country avoiding a direct hit.

The storm is also responsible for at least eight deaths in Jamaica and one in the Dominican Republic, officials have said.

The NHC said floodwaters across the Bahamas were expected to subside by Thursday, though conditions in Cuba, Jamaica and Hispaniola would remain hazardous for several days.

特朗普与习近平会晤 同意缓和贸易冲突

30/10/2025 - 15:34

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周四(10月30日)与中国国家主席习近平在南韩釜山举行会晤,双方同意采取措施缓和持续多年的中美贸易紧张,并就稀土、农产品和关税等问题达成初步协议。

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普与中国国家主席习近平周四在韩国釜山会晤,双方同意缓解贸易冲突并扩大经贸合作。据美联社报道,这是两人六年来首次面对面会谈,会谈持续约一小时四十分钟。

特朗普形容此次会晤“令人惊叹”,并称双方在稀土、农产品及关税问题上取得“非常重要的决定”。

他宣布,将把针对中国的部分关税从20%降至10%,而中国将恢复购买美国的大豆、高粱和能源产品。中国商务部随后证实,暂停部分稀土出口限制一年。

双方还同意继续合作打击芬太尼及其原料的非法流入,美国此前曾以此为由提高相关关税。

特朗普透露,他与习近平讨论了美国芯片出口问题。中国将与硅谷芯片制造商英伟达(Nvidia)洽谈采购电脑芯片,但不包括下一代人工智能芯片“Blackwell”。特朗普称:“我们制造的芯片非常优秀,英伟达是领军者。”

此外,中国商务部表示,将与美方妥善解决与TikTok相关的问题,但未透露具体进展。两国也同意暂缓提高港口费用。

习近平在会中强调,两国经贸团队就重要经贸问题深入交换意见,形成了解决问题的共识。

特朗普表示,他计划于明年四月访问中国,并邀请习近平回访美国。

分析人士认为,这次会晤为中美关系带来暂时缓和,但结构性矛盾仍待解决。



生态环境部:下降超10亿吨,我国减排量远超发达经济体历史同期水平

我国到2035年的温室气体净排放比峰值下降绝对量将超过10亿吨二氧化碳当量,远超发达经济体历史同期水平。

新一轮国家自主贡献,不仅关注二氧化碳,还首次提出了包括所有温室气体的减排目标,将甲烷、氧化亚氮、含氟气体等非二氧化碳温室气体纳入控制范围。

南方周末记者 林方舟

发自:北京

责任编辑:崔慧莹

2025年10月29日,生态环境部例行新闻发布会。南方周末记者 林方舟/摄

2020年9月22日,中国在第七十五届联合国大会上明确提出:二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。“双碳目标”在全社会掀起一场前所未有的绿色变革,深刻改变了各行各业。

时隔五年,在2025年9月24日联合国气候变化峰会上,中国宣布了新一轮国家自主贡献(NDC目标):到2035年,全经济范围温室气体净排放量比峰值下降7%至10%,非化石能源消费占比达到30%以上,风电和太阳能装机容量达到2020年的6倍以上。

围绕这一核心目标,中国又提出了以下具体、可量化的目标:非化石能

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校对:吴依兰

欢迎分享、点赞与留言。本作品的版权为南方周末或相关著作权人所有,任何第三方未经授权,不得转载,否则即为侵权。

分案的争议:解决立法供给不足是一剂“良药”

从2018年到2025年,两百多万起“上网”的基层法院刑事判决中,有二十多万起是分案审理的,占比达到7.37%。

“认罪认罚从宽”制度的出现,让分案审理变得更加棘手。多位律师提到,实务中,不少法院以是否认罪认罚为标准对共同犯罪案件进行分案审理。

中国社会科学院大学门金玲:“分案审理在域外并不鲜见,但在我国之所以会成为备受关注的问题,核心在于我国刑事审判未明确确立直接言词原则,无法解决分案审理所带来的对质权受限等弊端。”

南方周末记者 杜茂林

责任编辑:钱昊平

  

2012年3月20日,“聂磊涉黑案”32名主犯由青岛市中级人民法院一审公开宣判,被告人聂磊被判处死刑。该案涉案人员众多,采取了分案审理。(图片来源|央视截图)

2012年3月20日,“聂磊涉黑案”32名主犯由青岛市中级人民法院一审公开宣判,被告人聂磊被判处死刑。该案涉案人员众多,采取了分案审理。(图片来源|央视截图)

有多名被告人的同一宗案件,被拆分成不同的案件进入司法程序,正成为热点案件中常见现象。河南法官为涉黑母亲辩护的冀廷梅案、四川绵阳曾建斌案、海南商人陈宪清涉恶案,均出现了类似情况。

广义的解释中,分案通常是指对人数众多、案情复杂的共同犯罪或者关联犯罪,拆分之后分别侦查、起诉、审理,或在一案起诉后,法院决定分案审理。并案则是指对分案起诉的共同犯罪或者关联犯罪案件,法院经审查后决定合并审理。

南方周末记者注意到,2023年某省一涉黑案在侦查阶段将17名嫌疑人分为3组侦查,审查起诉时合并为1案,法院审理中再次拆分为5案分案审理。

分案还是并案,本是办案机关为了兼顾公正和效率而采取的程序选择,但因适用随意、规则模糊,引发司法实务界争议。争议背后,牵涉的还是如何保障被告人对质权、落实庭审实质化等“老大难”问题。

2025年10月25日,在西北政法大学举行的“共同犯罪案件的分案、并案与另案处理”研讨会暨第十九届尚权刑事辩护论坛上,多位法律学者及实务人士指出,在缺乏规范和标准的前提下,办案机关对分案自由裁量权过大,可能异化为操控庭审的工具。

时值刑事诉讼法第四次修改之际,中国政法大学教授樊崇义在会上建议,共同犯罪的程序构建需首先确定共同犯罪要不要进法典,以什么形式进法典,然后进一步明确分案、并案、另案的标准,解决诉讼主体的程序保障等问题。

导致审理碎片化

冀廷梅案,是分案审理的又一典型。

2025年4月底,河南省淅川县法院结

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校对:星歌

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特习会给人们带来怎样的启示?

德正
2025-10-30T13:46:05.236Z
特朗普说,如果满分是10分,此次会谈的评分该为12分

(德国之声中文网)同习近平会晤后,特朗普在登上空军一号后对记者表示,“这是一次令人惊叹的会晤。”他表示,如果满分是10分,他会将此次会谈的评分定为“12分”。中美元首会面从原定的1小时延长到1小时40分钟。为节省时间,会议安排了同声传译。

特朗普表示,他已与中国国家主席习近平达成协议,两国将很快签署相关贸易协议。他说,“今后我们每年都会重新检视这项协议,但我认为它将持续很长时间,远不止一年。我们会在年末进行协商。”

特朗普说,他将在明年4月访问中国,之后在美国会见习近平。

特朗普介绍,习近平会竭尽全力阻止芬太尼的流入。美方对中国施加的所谓“芬太尼关税”因此从20%降至10%,即刻生效。之后,美方对中方的新关税税率从57%降至47%。

中国商务部在一份声明中表示,中国同意暂停本月公布的稀土出口管制措施,为期一年。

中国商务部告知,美方对中国商品加征的24%对等关税将继续暂停一年,并暂停一年实施出口管制50%穿透性规则。对中国海事、物流和造船业301调查措施也暂停一年实施。此外,双方就扩大农产品贸易达成共识,努力解决TikTok问题。

用经济做筹码变得合理合法

分析人士认为,毫无疑问,两国元首会晤为战胜分歧营造了缓和氛围,是有益的。人们希望此次协议能够促成进一步的会谈,例如关于“红线”和减少冲突等问题。然而,釜山特习会达成的共识却只有一年的有效期。

德国基尔世界经济研究所的朗海默(Rolf J. Langhammer)教授指出,双方只是达成了暂时的休战,而并非真正的贸易和平。“一旦涉及到某些要求,比如尊重对方的势力范围(如加勒比海或台湾海峡),冲突随时可能再次爆发。

他分析认为,双方在贸易谈判中都展示了各自的武器。“中国是关键原材料近乎垄断的供应国,美国则依赖这些原材料加工产品,在此,中国对美国表现出优势。此次会晤没有改变这场科技战与贸易战的根本格局。”

釜山特习会清楚地表明了一件事,那就是:在美中两国的地缘政治博弈中,它们都认为将经济手段作为权力政治的筹码,是合理合法的。

欧洲应借鉴如何同中国打交道

德国杜伊斯堡大学政治学教授、中国问题专家黑贝尔(Thomas Heberer)表示,相互的依存关系迫使中美双方坐到谈判桌前,但是,“以往的谈判表明,签署的协议往往难以持久。其背后深藏着一个核心问题,即美国希望阻止中国崛起,继续单独保持世界的领导地位。”

习近平在会谈中试图打消美方的顾虑,据中国外交部网站发布的消息,习近平说,“70多年来,我们坚持一张蓝图绘到底,一茬接着一茬干,从来没有想挑战谁、取代谁,而是集中精力办好自己的事,做更好的自己,同世界各国分享发展机遇。”

黑贝尔指出,“中国明确表示,其目标是在2049/50年成为与美国并驾齐驱的世界强国。”

黑贝尔认为,围绕特习会,欧洲可以从中借鉴如何与中国这样的国家打交道。“中国不再是依赖我们、任我们摆布的‘不对称’伙伴,而是期望在平等的基础上获得尊重,不是被说教。”

他提到前不久德国外长瓦德富尔取消访华的事件,“与特朗普不同,瓦德富尔外长在首次访华之前,通过访问日本、印尼和印度,试图结盟对抗中国,在访问期间对中国进行了猛烈抨击。这种‘口头外交’的结果是,不得不取消访华计划。”

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© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。

特朗普下令恢复核试验 普京宣布成功测试核动力鱼雷

德正
2025-10-30T13:13:14.559Z
特朗普在搭乘“海军陆战队一号”直升机前往韩国釜山与习近平举行贸易谈判会议途中,在其社交平台Truth Social上宣布,已指示五角大楼以与其他核大国“平等的基础”上重启核试验

(德国之声中文网)特朗普在搭乘“海军陆战队一号”直升机前往韩国釜山与习近平举行贸易谈判会议途中,在其社交平台Truth Social上意外宣布了这一决定。他表示,已指示五角大楼以与其他核大国“平等的基础”上重启核试验。

“鉴于其他国家的试验计划,我已指示国防部开始在平等的基础上进行我们的核武器试验。该进程将立即启动,”特朗普在帖子中写道。“俄罗斯居第二,中国远远排在第三,但五年内就会赶上。”

核试验地点待定

在返回华盛顿途中,特朗普对记者表示,恢复核试验是为了确保美国能与其他核强国保持同步。

“既然其他国家都在进行核试验,我认为我们也应该进行,”他在“空军一号”上说,并补充称核试地点将在稍后确定。

当被问及这是否意味着世界正进入一个核武风险更高的阶段时,特朗普驳斥了这一威胁:“我们的核武库很安全。”他随后补充说,他仍欢迎核裁军。

“我希望看到核裁军,因为我们拥有太多核武器。俄罗斯第二,中国第三,而中国将在四五年内赶上,”特朗普说。

“我们实际上正在与俄罗斯就此进行对话,如果有进一步行动,中国也会被纳入。”

目前尚不清楚特朗普所说的试验是指由国家核安全管理局执行的核爆试验,还是指核导弹飞行测试。

中国近年核储备迅速扩张

特朗普决定重启核武器试验之际,正值中国近年来迅速扩充核武库,也恰逢俄罗斯宣布成功测试一枚核动力巡航导弹和一枚核动力鱼雷。

特朗普本周早些时候在“空军一号”上谈及俄罗斯的行动时表示,俄罗斯总统普京“应当结束乌克兰战争,而不是进行导弹试验”。

据华盛顿智库战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)数据,中国的核弹头数量已2020年的约300枚增加到2025年的约600枚,五年内翻了一倍。美国军方估计,到2030年中国将拥有超过1000枚核武器。据该机构称,今年9月的胜利日阅兵中,中国展示了五种可打击美国本土的核武器系统。

根据华盛顿军备控制协会(Arms Control Association),美国目前拥有5225枚核弹头,俄罗斯有5580枚。

特朗普核试验声明引发负面反应

特朗普的核试验声明迅速引发反弹。内华达州民主党众议员迪娜·蒂图斯(Dina Titus)在X平台上表示:“我将提出立法,阻止这一行为。”

军控协会执行主任达里尔·金博尔(Daryl Kimball)则指出,美国若要在内华达旧试验场恢复地下核试验,至少需要36个月准备。

“特朗普的言论既错误又脱离现实。美国在技术、军事或政治上都没有理由恢复自1992年以来首次核爆试验,”金博尔在X上写道。

他补充说,特朗普的声明可能会“引发美国对手的连锁核试验,并破坏《核不扩散条约》。”

除了提供技术数据之外,美国的核试验还将被俄罗斯和中国视为美国有意展示其战略力量的举动。普京曾多次表示,如果美国恢复试验,俄罗斯也将跟进。

普京称俄罗斯成功测试核动力无人潜航器

普京周三表示,俄罗斯已成功测试“波塞冬”(Poseidon)核动力超级鱼雷。并宣称该武器在速度和潜深上“无与伦比”,且“无法被拦截”。

普京表示,“波塞冬”提供动力的核反应堆“比潜艇反应堆小100倍”,其核弹头威力则“显著高于俄罗斯最先进的‘萨尔马特’洲际导弹”。

军事分析人士称,该武器能在沿海地区制造巨大放射性海啸,对目标造成毁灭性打击。

普京的这一表态出现在他三天前刚宣布成功测试核动力巡航导弹之后,被外界视为其向美国总统特朗普发出的又一信号,表明俄方在乌克兰问题上不会让步。

自特朗普对俄罗斯的言辞和立场趋于强硬以来,普京公开展示其核武实力,包括10月21日试射新型“海燕”(Burevestnik)核动力巡航导弹,以及10月22日进行核发射演练。

普京表示,在此次试验中,“波塞冬”首次实现了从母潜艇发射并启动核动力装置,使其能够运行一段时间。

俄媒报道称 “波塞冬”的速度可达每小时200公里(124英里),远超现有鱼雷和军舰。其核动力赋予了几乎无限的航程,并使其难以被敌方侦测。

普京还透露了“海燕”(Burevestnik)核动力巡航导弹的新细节,称其核反应堆“比潜艇上的小1000倍”,可在几分钟内启动,而潜艇反应堆需要数小时。普京称这是工程领域的重大突破和“巨大成就”。

俄罗斯总参谋长瓦列里·格拉西莫夫10月21日报告称,“海燕”在试验中飞行了14,000公里,历时15小时,成功完成多项机动,显示出高度规避导弹与防空系统的能力。

“海燕”是世界首枚核动力导弹,拥有几乎无限航程,可在敌方防御系统上空盘旋多日,并从意想不到的方向实施打击。

普京将“海燕”和“波塞冬”描述为对美国退出2001年《反导条约》后建立导弹防御体系的回应。俄军方长期担忧,美国的导弹防御系统可能诱使华盛顿发动“先发制人打击”,而俄方的新武器则被视为确保反击的保障。

自2022年2月入侵乌克兰以来,普京多次炫耀俄罗斯核实力,并宣称莫斯科准备“不惜一切手段”捍卫其安全利益。近期在特朗普推迟与普京布达佩斯峰会并宣布对俄实施首轮制裁后,普京再次借核议题发出强硬信号。

特朗普曾希望推动中俄美核军控谈判

今年8月,特朗普曾表示,他已与普京讨论核军控,并希望中国参与。北京当时回应称,要求其与美俄两国一起裁军“既不合理也不现实”,因为中国的核库规模远小于两国。

特朗普早在今年2月就首次表明希望推动核军控谈判的意图,表示愿与普京和习近平就限制各自核武库展开讨论。

美国上一次进行核试是在1992年。除朝鲜外,大多数主要核国家在20世纪90年代已停止核爆试验。朝鲜的最后一次核试验是在2017年。俄罗斯最后一次是在1990年,美国1992年,中国1996年。

美国的核时代始于1945年7月,当时在新墨西哥州阿拉莫戈多进行了2万吨级原子弹试验。同年8月,美国向广岛和长崎投下原子弹,迫使日本在二战中投降。

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© 2025年德国之声版权声明:本文所有内容受到著作权法保护,如无德国之声特别授权,不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿,并受到刑事追究。

How much trouble is Rachel Reeves in over rental rule break?

PA Media Rachel Reeves making a speech in Saudi ArabiaPA Media

Well, at least nobody is asking Rachel Reeves about tax rises today.

Not that this will feel like a pleasant episode for the chancellor.

Her failure to apply for a selective licence before renting out her family home is at the very least embarrassing.

But is it more than that?

That's a question that can be answered on multiple levels: ethical, political and legal.

Start with the ethics - specifically, ministerial ethics.

All government ministers are required to abide by the ministerial code, a 34-page document about standards in public life.

A breach of the ministerial code can often result in a minister's resignation, including less than two months ago that of Angela Rayner, the former deputy prime minister.

That is why the exchange of letters released between Reeves and Sir Keir Starmer just before midnight was so important, and why Downing Street was not willing to wait for the morning.

The prime minister said that he had consulted Sir Laurie Magnus, the Conservative-appointed independent ethics adviser, whose unflinching approach did for Rayner and several other ex-ministers besides and that they had agreed that no further investigation would be necessary.

Sir Keir said that this was because the breach was inadvertent, Reeves had acted promptly to rectify it by applying for the licence, and had apologised.

"The ministerial code makes clear that in certain circumstances, an apology is a sufficient resolution," Sir Keir wrote.

In terms of the prime minister drawing a line that Reeves's position as chancellor is not at all in question here, he could not have been clearer.

That said, there is still an outstanding question.

Is the prime minister's position that his chancellor did break the ministerial code but that the apology is sufficient resolution?

Or is it that the apology is sufficient for there not to be an investigation into whether she broke the ministerial code?

This may sound niche but it does matter - the chancellor breaking the ministerial code in any way, however minor, is worth noting.

Of course the political implications of this will depend on much less technical questions than that.

The Conservative Party smells vulnerability.

"It's one rule for the Chancellor and another for everyone else," a spokesperson said.

"Keir Starmer pledged to restore integrity to politics, but now he's laughing in the face of the British public. He should grow a backbone and sack the chancellor now."

However, Kemi Badenoch appeared to slightly muddy the position this morning, suggesting that Reeves should be sacked only if she is found to have broken the law.

A demand that Starmer sack his chancellor is not par for the course.

In fact, for all their criticism of Reeves's stewardship of the economy over the past 16 months or so, this is the first time the Conservatives have called for her to be sacked.

It's an important strategic judgment they have made.

Potential fine

As pungent as our political discourse may often be, calling for a sacking still has an extra severity to it. That's a card the Conservatives have now played.

This morning, some in Labour think this is a histrionic overreaction from Kemi Badenoch's party, which would significantly lower the bar for ministerial sackings.

Yet the Conservatives believe that they can make the most toxic charge in politics stick: one rule for them, another for the rest of us.

Whether they are right or wrong may depend in large part on the legal dimension to all this.

Will Southwark Council take action against Reeves for not having had the right licence? We don't yet know.

Would they generally take action against other individuals, non-politicians, caught up in this scenario?

In this pretty niche area of housing law, we don't yet know, though we are trying to find out.

A Freedom of Information request by Direct Line Group in 2024 found that in the financial year 2023-24, 245 councils had levied fines totalling £2.5m for non-compliance with selective licensing rules.

The level of fines imposed can vary massively between different parts of the country.

Under section 95 of the Housing Act 2004. it can be a criminal offence not to have the right licence as a landlord, unless the landlord can show that they had a "reasonable excuse".

Importantly, sources close to the chancellor are adamant that her letting agent had told her it would advise her if a selective licence was needed and did not do so.

Would this typically be considered a reasonable excuse in the eyes of the authorities?

We do not know but are trying to get an answer from experts.

Political judgement

Away from some of these technicalities, the risk for the chancellor is that this episode folds into deeper, pre-existing questions about her personal and political judgment.

Should the kind of person prudent enough to be chancellor at a time of global economic turmoil have been prudent enough to double-check the licensing situation for herself?

Not least given she had backed the expansion of selective licensing in her own Leeds West and Pudsey constituency?

These are the kinds of questions which may now be asked.

Before the general election Labour MPs had a deep and consistent trust in Reeves's decisions on matters big and small.

Her credibility as an economist and an individual was at the heart of Labour's election pitch and its ability to convince the public to trust the party again with the public finances.

After a turbulent period in office so far that perception is under threat like never before.

And even if this development merely goes down as an embarrassing but fleeting row, the Budget looms.

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Sign up for our Politics Essential newsletter to keep up with the inner workings of Westminster and beyond.

England's most deprived areas named - see how your area is affected

Getty Images A photo of a woman and a young child walking down a residential street with cars parked on the pavement on either side. The street is lined with houses and overlooked by low telephone lines. The sky above is grey. The photo has a blue border with a green and blue BBC Verify logo in the top left corner.Getty Images
Jaywick near Clacton-on-Sea in Essex is among several coastal communities with high levels of deprivation

Jaywick, near Clacton-on-Sea in Essex, has been named the most deprived neighbourhood in England for the fourth consecutive time since 2010, new data shows.

Seven areas in Blackpool are also among the 10 most deprived, alongside one in Hastings and one in Rotherham, according to stats published by the Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) on Thursday.

Half of the neighbourhoods in Middlesbrough are very deprived, making it the local authority with the highest proportion, ahead of Birmingham and Hartlepool.

Deprivation is spread across the country, with 65% of local authorities containing at least one highly deprived neighbourhood, up from 61% in 2019.

The MHCLG's Index of Multiple Deprivation looks at living conditions across an area - but does not mean that everyone in a highly deprived neighbourhood will be struggling, nor will all those in a less deprived area be well off.

The new figures do not show whether an area has become more or less well off since the previous report, but instead can show patterns of how areas have changed relative to each other.

There are pockets of deprivation surrounded by less deprived places in every region of England.

Jaywick topped the list having been previously found to be the most deprived area in the last three reports, released in 2010, 2015 and 2019.

The MHCLG found 82% of areas found to be the most deprived in 2025 were already in that category in 2019.

The department used a number of weighted metrics to determine a neighbourhood's level of deprivation, including income, crime and barriers to housing.

They are then assessed as more or less deprived compared to other neighbourhoods.

The report found that Tower Hamlets and Hackney in London had the highest levels of income deprivation among households with children.

Meanwhile, nine of the 10 local authority districts with the highest levels of income deprivation among older people are in London.

The report is the latest in a long-running series that are used by central and local government and other bodies to target resources for local services.

The government's recently announced Pride in Place funding - offering "overlooked" communities a share of £5bn - was allocated in part based on the deprivation figures from 2019.

Areas with a history of heavy industry or mining are particularly affected, the report's authors highlight, along with parts of East London and several coastal towns including Jaywick.

The former holiday resort was visited by the UN special rapporteur for extreme poverty as part of a fact-finding mission in 2018.

And last year, its local district council, Tendring, agreed a £126m 20-year improvement plan.

The previous Conservative government also used deprivation figures, along with other criteria, when deciding where would receive "Levelling Up" grants.

Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland also have Indices of Multiple Deprivation which are each published separately. No dates have yet been announced for these updates.

How is deprivation measured?

The Index of Multiple Deprivation ranks all of England's 33,755 neighbourhoods, each with an average of 1,500 people, by their deprivation score.

The score is calculated from data on income, employment, education, crime, health and disability, barriers to housing and services, and the living environment.

Once all the neighbourhoods are ranked, they are split into 10 equal groups called deciles, where the first decile is the 3,375 most deprived neighbourhoods and so on.

We are using terms like "highly deprived" and "most deprived" to refer to this group of neighbourhoods. There are areas of deprivation throughout England and not everyone in a neighbourhood will experience deprivation equally.

Additional reporting by Jess Carr, Libby Rogers and Lucy Dady

I'll never forgive the woman responsible for my wife's paddleboard death

Family photo Nicola Wheatley is sitting on a  rock in a green space with her children on her lap. She and Oscar are smiling at the camera and  baby Ffion is wearing a yellow summer hat and dungarees. Family photo
Nicola Wheatley 40, was one of four paddleboarders killed after descending a weir in Haverfordwest

The moment Darren Wheatley had to tell his seven-year-old son that his mother had died is something that will stay with him for the rest of his life.

Nicola Wheatley, 40, was one of four paddleboarders killed after descending a weir in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, on 30 October 2021.

Paddleboard firm owner and ex-police officer Nerys Lloyd is currently serving a 10-and-a-half year sentence for causing their deaths.

Darren and his family had spent a frantic morning at Withybush Hospital desperately waiting for news before he was asked to identify Nicola's body while his son Oscar waited nearby with relatives.

"I won't forget the look on his face," said Darren, in his first interview, which marks the fourth anniversary of the tragedy.

People had been excited about going on the trip run by Nerys Lloyd's Salty Dog Co Ltd

Several hours later, 80 miles (128km) away in Merthyr Tydfil, police would tell Teresa Hall they believed her only daughter Morgan Rogers, 24, had also been killed in the incident.

It wasn't until the next day that she was able to identify her body.

Teresa Hall Teresa and Morgan both smiling and looking at the camera. Morgan is wearing a denim jacket and has a ponytail. Teresa has red shoulder-length hair. Teresa Hall
Morgan, 24, was the "light of everybody's life", her mother Teresa said

"I just remember going over to her and shaking her, trying to wake her up… this couldn't have happened, how could this have happened?" said Teresa, who is also speaking for the first time.

Army veteran and dad-of-three Paul O'Dwyer, 42, also died that day.

Dental hygienist and mother-of-one, Andrea Powell, 41, was resuscitated at the scene but died six days later due to her injuries.

Darren Wheatley Nicola, Darren and their two children on a pedal-powered cart red cart. Nicola is wearing a red gingham dress and Darren is wearing a pink and white striped polo shirt, jeans and trainers. Ffion is wearing a blue cardigan and has her finger in her mouth. Oscar is wearing a navy hoody and shorts. All are smiling at the camera. Darren Wheatley
Nicola and Darren's children were aged seven and two when she died in October 2021

On the day of the tragedy both Darren and Teresa knew nothing of Nerys Lloyd.

More than a year later, a report by the Marine Accident Investigation Branch (MAIB) would find the deaths were "tragic and avoidable" and identify a catalogue of errors on the day they died.

Lloyd would eventually plead guilty to gross negligence manslaughter and a judge would criticise her "abysmal" approach to health and safety.

Both Darren and Teresa said they lived with huge anger towards Lloyd, for the errors she made that day, because she has never apologised to her victims' families, and for the way she behaved in the months after the tragedy and while at court.

"She's destroyed my family life, she's destroyed my children's family life… their mother will never come back," said Darren.

"Anger doesn't even come close to how I feel," said Teresa.

"I am in torture... no parent should have to bury their child [because of] something that was so unnecessary."

Teresa Hall Morgan and her small dog Peaches on a kayakTeresa Hall
Morgan was a deputy manager for Aldi and had been preparing to join the fire brigade

Recalling the last time she saw her daughter is agonising for Teresa.

"That last conversation we had, I go over it and over it and over it and I just wish I'd told her not to go," said Teresa through tears.

"I just said to look after herself and I hope she had a good time and I gave her a hug.

"I was doing dinner on the Sunday and I said to her 'you couldn't get me some runner beans on your way home?'

"I thought she'd be safe, she was going with what I thought was a reputable tour but it turned out to be the worst mistake of her life."

'Take care, my baby boy'

Darren said Nicola had been excited about going on the trip run by Lloyd's Salty Dog Co Ltd.

Weeks earlier he and her mother had bought her a paddleboard for her 40th birthday.

He too had waved her off on the Friday from the home they shared in Pontarddulais, Swansea, with Oscar and their daughter Ffion.

After spending the Friday night at a rented property in Tenby with the rest of the group, Nicola phoned Darren at 06:40 BST that Saturday morning.

Oscar had been unwell overnight so she wanted to speak to them both to check how he was doing.

"The weather was atrocious and I said to Nicola 'really you're going on the water?'... she said 'they've said to us it's safe, we can do it'."

He broke down recalling the last thing he heard Nicola say.

"Nicola's last words to Oscar were 'take care, my baby boy'... and that's the last I spoke to her," said Darren.

Darren Wheatley Nicola, Oscar and Ffion in the snow. All are wearing padded warm coats and bobble hats. Darren Wheatley
Darren met Nicola, a poisons information specialist, in 2002 and they married in 2009

The MAIB report, published in December 2022, sets out exactly what happened that day.

Just before 08:00 the group of nine arrived in a van in Haverfordwest

Before parking up, Lloyd and Paul O'Dwyer, Lloyd's co-instructor, stopped off in the town centre to inspect the river.

By about 08:49 everyone from the group was afloat and they set off downriver heading for Burton Ferry, with Lloyd out in front and Paul at the back.

They passed through Haverfordwest town centre five minutes later, with one of the group playing music through a portable speaker.

Minutes later they approached the weir.

Lloyd instructed those close by to follow her and keep to the centre of the river.

At 08:56, kneeling on her SUP, Lloyd was the first to descend the fish pass in the centre of the weir and was swept quickly downriver.

Andrea was the third paddleboarder to descend, Nicola was the sixth and Morgan was the eighth.

While the rest of the group was washed clear and swept downstream, Andrea, Nicola and Morgan were sucked into the hydraulic jump, or spin, a recirculating flow similar to a washing machine at the foot of the weir.

PA Media Two images side my side. Paul has facial hair and appears to be wearing sporting medals. Andrea has blonde paints in her hair. Both are smiling. PA Media
Paul O'Dwyer and Andrea Powell also died following the incident

Monitoring from the rear of the group, Paul saw something was wrong, paddled to the right hand side of the river and left the water.

On spotting some of the group were in difficulty, he removed his leash connecting his SUP to his leg, grabbed his SUP and jumped into the river above the weir before being carried over the right hand side of the weir.

At 09:02 a passerby spotted paddleboarders in difficulty in the water and dialled 999.

He then fetched a lifebuoy and repeatedly threw a line to the struggling paddleboarders but none were able to grasp it.

Eight minutes later, emergency services began to arrive at the scene.

A multi-agency response followed, involving coastguard rescue teams and helicopter, police, fire and ambulance services, air ambulance and RNLI.

Andrea was recovered from the water close to the weir by members of the public.

She was resuscitated at the scene but died six days later due to injuries caused by drowning.

Nicola and Morgan's bodies were recovered from the river by fellow paddleboarders but both died at the scene.

Paul's body was located further downriver by the coastguard helicopter at about 11:00.

Darren Wheatley Nicola with Oscar and Ffion. The children are wearing sunhats and t-shirts and Nicola is wearing blue dungarees over a blue and white striped t-shirt. All are smiling. Darren Wheatley
Darren says Nicola was "very much a loving mother and a lovely person"

Three days after Nicola's funeral, her daughter Ffion turned three.

"It was just hell, it was awful, it was at that point that I crumbled," said Darren, who moved the family in with his parents for support.

Then as they prepared for the first Christmas since losing their loved ones, both Darren and Teresa said Lloyd's social media posts added to their distress.

A photo she shared of herself enjoying a festive day out over Christmas left both reeling.

"We had the worst Christmas I've ever had in my life," said Darren.

"I had crying, grieving children that wanted their mammy there for Christmas morning… Nerys was just living her life as if nothing had happened."

This hit Teresa hard too.

"It's Christmas and I've lost my daughter and she's out and about in Cardiff having a good old time, enjoying her life," she said.

"She's callous, so callous."

Both spent much of that Christmas not knowing the facts of what happened to their loved ones that day. By the following Christmas, the picture was becoming more clear.

What went wrong?

Map of Haverfordwest and the western River Cleddau through the town, including the weir where the paddleboarders came to grief

In December 2022, the MAIB report aimed at preventing future incidents found:

  • The tour leaders were qualified to teach stand-up paddleboarding to beginners and novices in benign conditions but not lead tours on fast-flowing rivers
  • The paddleboarders lost their lives because the leaders were unaware of the treacherous conditions at the weir. They had not visited the weir before setting off so were unaware of the high river level and tidal conditions
  • They did not heed a flood alert which was in force at the time of the incident
  • The participants were not briefed on the presence of the weir or how to descend it
  • The group did not heed a sign close to their launch point which warned users the weir was dangerous and advised them to exit the river and carry their craft around it
  • The use of personal protective equipment such as clothing, buoyancy aids and leashes was inconsistent across the group
  • The group did not follow recognised advice that stand-up paddleboarders on fast-flowing water should wear a quick-release waist leash and a personal flotation device. At Lloyd's sentencing Mrs Justice Stacey said: "The ankle leashes attached to the boards of those stuck in the hydraulic spin, which are totally unsuitable for fast-flowing water, made it even harder for them to get free."
  • Lloyd had not produced a written risk assessment for the trip
  • The competency of tour members who had not been previous customers of Salty Dog Co Ltd were not assessed
  • Participants were not required to complete a legal disclaimer, medical declarations, or provide emergency contact details before starting the tour, which delayed the police contacting the families of those who had died
MAIB The weir in Haverfordwest, where the paddleboarders got into trouble. An image of fast-flowing water in a river beneath the weir.MAIB
The weir in Haverfordwest, where the paddleboarders got into trouble

The findings left Darren bewildered.

"Why didn't you tell the party there was a weir they were going over?" he said.

"Why didn't you tell them it was there because I'm damned sure Nicola wouldn't have got on that water… you don't go over a weir on a paddleboard."

"I want to know why," said Teresa.

"Why didn't she do the safety checks and is she sorry? Is she actually sorry?"

Dyfed Powys Police Police custody photos of Nerys LloydDyfed Powys Police
Lloyd was sacked by South Wales Police in November 2021 for a matter unrelated to the paddleboarding incident

Lloyd pleaded guilty to gross negligence manslaughter and was sentenced during a two-day hearing at Swansea Crown Court in April.

"She came with an entourage of people, supporters - this woman had just destroyed four families and she still carried on as though nothing had happened," said Darren.

"She turned it into a circus," added Teresa.

Darren said he lived with anger every day.

"We haven't even had an apology," he said.

"We've had no acknowledgment of what she's done. Yes, she's put her hands up and pleaded guilty but she's never said anything to us as families."

Teresa holding Morgan's white small dog Peaches. Teresa has shoulder-length fair hair.
Teresa now cares for Morgan's dog Peaches

It has now been four years since the tragedy.

Teresa has taken on Morgan's beloved dog Peaches.

"Peaches was her everything, her best friend," she said.

"I will always look after that to the best I can. She's still Morgan's, she's not mine."

Darren on a bench he had dedicated to his wife. It reads: "Always look for rainbows".
The dedication on Nicola's bench reads "always look for rainbows" because Darren said she always saw the best in everyone and everything

Darren has taken early retirement from work so he can focus on his children.

It pains him knowing that Nicola has missed out on seeing their children grow up.

"She never got to see Ffion start nursery school and the pain of that is horrible," he said.

"But I've got to carry on."

Darren and Teresa both gave tributes outside Swansea Crown Court after Lloyd was sentenced

Lily Allen to tour new break-up album in UK theatres

Getty Images Lily Allen at the 18th Annual Tribeca Artists Dinner hosted by Chanel on June 09, 2025 in New York, New YorkGetty Images
Lily Allen, pictured in June, details the breakdown of her marriage on her new album West End Girl

Singer Lily Allen has announced she will perform her new album in its entirety when she tours the UK in March 2026.

West End Girl has become one of the most talked about albums of the year since its release last Friday, due to its candid lyrics.

The album details some of the events that led to the breakdown of her marriage to US actor David Harbour, best known for appearing in Stranger Things.

The tour will stop in Glasgow, Liverpool, Birmingham, Sheffield, Newcastle, Manchester, Nottingham, Cambridge, Bristol and Cardiff, before concluding with two nights at the London Palladium.

Allen last toured between 2018 and 2019, following the release of her fourth studio album No Shame.

She has only made occasional live appearances since then, such as appearing in Glastonbury sets by Olivia Rodrigo and Shy FX.

However, in the intervening years, Allen has also become a successful stage actress, starring in the first production of 2:22 - A Ghost Story when it opened in the West End shortly after the pandemic.

This period is what inspired the title of the album, West End Girl, and Allen appears to sing about how being cast the play sparked the chain of events that led to her separation from Harbour.

In interviews, Allen has stressed the lyrics aren't necessarily the gospel truth - because she "wasn't sure what was real, and what was in my head" as she processed the end of the relationship.

The album's lyrics, as well as interviews she gave at the time, suggest that Harbour was surprised and envious that Allen had secured a leading West End role without having to audition, and that his "demeanour started to change" after she was cast.

She sings that starring in 2:22 led to a distance developing between the couple, both literally and metaphorically, which resulted in Harbour suggesting an open relationship.

Getty Images Lily Allen joins Olivia Rodrigo on stage to duet her song 'Smile' at The O2 Arena on May 17, 2024 in London, EnglandGetty Images
Lily Allen (right) joined Olivia Rodrigo during her Glastonbury performance last year

Allen sings on the record about how this led to an "arrangement" with Harbour where he could be with other women, but the rules were "there had to be payment, it had to be with strangers".

But, before long, Allen hears of a relationship her husband appears to have with "Madeline" - a pseudonym - which falls outside their arrangement.

Harbour has not publicly commented on the content of the album.

However, he appears to still have a relationship with Allen and her children, and was seen taking her daughters to a theme park last weekend.

All 14 songs on West End Girl were written by Allen, mainly in collaboration with her musical director Blue May.

Allen has suggested that some of the songs are written "in character", saying that the lyrics "could be considered autofiction" - a genre that combines autobiography and fiction.

She rose to fame in 2006 with her debut album Alright, Still, and had number one hits including Smile, The Fear, and her cover of Keane's Somewhere Only We Know, which was featured in a John Lewis advert.

She had two number one albums in the UK, It's Not Me It's You and Sheezus, while her 2018 record No Shame was nominated for the Mercury Prize.

She released a candid memoir, My Thoughts Exactly, in the same year, but took a break from music shortly afterwards, and began dating Harbour in 2019.

The singer will perform West End Girl in the order the songs appear on the record for her tour in March.

Tickets for the tour, which launches in March 2026, go on sale on 7 November.

Xi and Trump find temporary truce as China plays longer game

Watch: US and China's different reports of their trade meeting

Donald Trump came away from his meeting with Chinese leader Xi Jinping full of bombastic optimism.

He called it a "great success" and rated it 12, on a scale of 1 to 10. China was less enthusiastic. Beijing's initial statement sounds like an instruction manual, with Xi urging teams on both sides to "follow up as soon as possible".

Trump is after a deal that could happen "pretty soon", while Beijing, it appears, wants to keep talking because it's playing the long game.

There was a more detailed second Chinese statement that echoed what Trump had said on board Air Force One.

Among other things, the US would lower tariffs on Chinese imports, and China would suspend controls on the export of rare earths, critical minerals without which you cannot make smartphones, electric cars and, perhaps more crucially, military equipment.

There is no deal yet, and negotiators on both sides have already been talking for months to iron out the details. But Thursday's agreement is still a breakthrough.

It steadies what has become a rocky relationship between the world's two biggest economies and it assures global markets.

But it is only a temporary truce. It doesn't solve the differences at the heart of such a competitive relationship.

"The US and China are going in different directions," says Kelly Ann Shaw who was an economic advisor to President Trump in his first term.

"It's really about managing the breakup in a way that does a limited amount of damage, that preserves US interests, and I think from China's perspective, preserves their own interests. But this is not a relationship that is necessarily going to improve dramatically anytime soon."

'Struggle, but don't break'

There is an art to doing a deal with Donald Trump.

It involves flattery, and most countries have tried it, including on his trip to Asia so far. South Korea gave him an enormous golden crown, while Japan's prime minister nominated him for a Nobel Peace prize.

But the Chinese leader offered only a meeting at a South Korean air base, where he and Trump would cross paths - as one flew in to the country, and the other departed.

It didn't feel out of step with China's guarded but defiant response from the start of Trump's trade war. Just days after the American president increased tariffs on Chinese goods, Beijing retaliated with its own levies.

Chinese officials told the world that there would be no winners in a trade war. Like Trump, Xi too believed he had the upper hand – and he seemed to have a plan.

He decided to use the country's economic weight - as the world's factory, as a massive market for its goods - to push back.

Unlike Trump, he does not need to worry about elections or a worried vote base.

That doesn't mean that Xi faces no pressures - he certainly does. He needs China's economy to grow, and create jobs and wealth so the Chinese Communist Party's power is not challenged by instability or discontent.

Getty Images US President Donald Trump (L) and China's President Xi Jinping shake hands as they arrive for talks at the Gimhae Air Base, located next to the Gimhae International Airport in Busan on October 30, 2025.Getty Images

And yet, despite the country's current challenges - a real estate crisis, high youth unemployment and weak consumer spending - China has shown it is willing to absorb the pain of Trump's tariffs.

Beijing would "fight until the bitter end" was the message from various ministries.

"China's main principle is struggle, but don't break," says Keyu Jin, author of The New China Playbook.

"And it has escalated to de-escalate, which is a very new tactic."

Xi had a plan

That is, China hit Trump where it hurt. For the first time it limited exports of rare earths to the US - and China processes around 90% of the world's rare earth metals.

"The nuance often missed in the rare earths debate is that China has an overwhelming position over the most strategic bit of the rare earth supply chain: the heavy rare earths used in advanced defence systems," says Jason Bedford, macroeconomics expert and investment analyst.

"That advantage is far harder to dislodge than other parts of the rare earths industry."

So getting China to relax those export controls became a priority for Washington - and that was a key bit of leverage for Xi when he sat down with Trump.

China had also stopped buying US soybeans, which was aimed at farmers in Republican states - Trump's base.

Reports this week say Beijing has already started buying soybeans from the US again.

"If the US thinks that it can dominate China, it can suppress China, I think has proven to be wrong," Ms Jin says.

"This is really signalling to the world, especially the United States, that China needs to be respected, that it will not kowtow or give too many political or economic concessions."

Getty Images Close up of a farmer's callused hands cupping a handful of yellow soybeans Getty Images
US soybean farmers have been impacted by China's decision to stop buying the product

Trump's team has found itself dealing with a stronger China compared to his first term. Beijing has learnt lessons too.

It spent the last four years finding new trade partners and relying less on US exports - nearly a fifth of Chinese exports once went to the US but in the first half of this year that figure dropped to 11%.

Xi showed up in South Korea, after officially confirming the meeting with Trump just the day before, to take part in political theatre that seemed to underline a position of strength.

As usual, he was in front of Trump for the handshake. He stood unblinking as Trump leaned forward to whisper in his ear - the kind of ad lib moment China abhors.

At the end of the meeting Trump ushered Xi to his waiting car where the Chinese leader was immediately surrounded by his security team. The US President was then forced to wander off camera to find his vehicle alone.

And yet there are many positives to take away from this superpower summit, the first of Trump's second term in office.

"China wants to be in a position of strength when it comes to negotiations, but it won't break the relationship, because that is in nobody's interest, including China's, Ms Jin says.

For starters, businesses, the markets and other countries caught in between the rivals will welcome the calm. But observers are not sure it will last.

"I think over the medium to long-term, the US and China have very serious differences, and I would not be surprised to see some more destabilisation in the next three to six months," says Ms Shaw.

Has Trump got the bigger, better deal with China he always wanted? Not yet.

Even if he does get a deal, and the two sides put ink on paper, Beijing has now shown that it is not willing to bend to Washington - and that it is more resilient.

The rivalry between the two sides is likely to continue, if or even when there is ever a done deal.

Reports of mass killings in Sudan have echoes of its dark past

AFP via Getty Images A head and shoulders image from the side of a woman in a red headscarf. She rests her head in her hand and is turning towards the camera.AFP via Getty Images
Those who have managed to flee el-Fasher come with stories of extreme violence and killings

Emerging evidence of systematic killings in the Sudanese city of el-Fasher have prompted human rights and aid activists to describe the civil war between the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the military as a "continuation of the Darfur genocide".

The fall of el-Fasher, in the Darfur region, after an 18-month RSF siege brings together the different layers of the country's conflict – with echoes of its dark past and the brutality of its present-day war.

The RSF emerged from the Janjaweed, Arab militias who massacred hundreds of thousands of Darfuris from non-Arab populations, in the early 2000s.

The paramilitary force has been accused of ethnic killings since its power struggle with the army erupted into violence in April 2023. The RSF leadership has consistently denied the accusations - although on Wednesday its leader Gen Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo admitted to "violations" in el-Fasher.

The current charges are based on apparent evidence of atrocities provided by the RSF fighters themselves.

They have been sharing gruesome videos reportedly showing summary executions of mostly male civilians and ex-combatants, celebrating over dead bodies, and taunting and abusing people.

Accounts from exhausted survivors also paint a picture of terror and violence.

"The situation in el-Fasher is extremely dire and there are violations taking place on the roads, including looting and shooting, with no distinction made between young or old," one man told the BBC Arabic service. He had escaped to the town of Tawila, a hub for those displaced from el-Fasher.

Another woman, Ikram Abdelhameed, told the Reuters news agency that RSF soldiers separated fleeing civilians at an earthen barrier around the city and shot the men.

And satellite images collected by Yale University's Humanitarian Research Lab show evidence of what seem to be massacre sites – clusters of bodies and reddish patches on the earth that the analysts believe could be blood stains.

El-Fasher "appears to be in a systematic and intentional process of ethnic cleansing of… indigenous non-Arab communities through forced displacement and summary execution", the Yale researchers say in a report.

Reuters A desk bearing signs of shelling in a school where displaced people are sheltering, in el-FasherReuters
El-Fasher was repeatedly shelled during the RSF siege - this picture from 7 October shows a wrecked classroom where people were sheltering

There is a clear ethnic element to the battle for el-Fasher, because local armed groups from the dominant Zaghawa tribe, known as the Joint Force, have been fighting alongside the army.

The RSF fighters see Zaghawa civilians as legitimate targets.

That is what many survivors of the paramilitary takeover of the Zamzam displaced persons camp next to el-Fasher reported earlier this year, according to an investigation by the medical charity Doctors Without Borders (MSF).

The army has also been accused of targeting ethnic groups it sees as support bases for the RSF in areas it has recaptured, including the states of Sennar, Gezira and some parts of North Kordofan.

"Whether you're a civilian, wherever you are, it is not safe right now, even in Khartoum," says Emi Mahmoud, strategic director of the IDP Humanitarian Network which helps coordinate aid deliveries in Darfur.

"Because at the flip of a hat, the people in power who have the guns, they can and will continue to falsely imprison, disappear, kill, torture, everyone."

Both sides have been accused of war crimes - ethnically motivated revenge attacks are part of that.

It was Sudan's military government in 2003 that weaponised ethnicity – enlisting the Janjaweed to put down rebellions by black African groups in Darfur who accused Khartoum of politically and economically marginalising them.

AFP via Getty Images A side image of a woman in a dark headscarf and outfit looking to the right-hand side of the picture. She is sitting on the ground - another woman in a patterned scarf is behind her, she is facing away from the camera.AFP via Getty Images
Some women and children have managed to make it to Tawila but there are concerns that many people are still in el-Fasher

The pattern of violence established then has been repeated in Darfur now, says Kate Ferguson, the co-founder of NGO Protection Approaches.

This was most evident in the 2023 massacre of members of the Masalit tribe in el-Geneina in West Darfur, which the UN says killed up to 15,000 people.

"For more than two years, the RSF have followed a very clear, practiced and predicted pattern," Ms Ferguson said at a press briefing.

"They first encircle their target town or city, they weaken it by cutting off access to food, to medicine, to power supplies, the internet. Then when it's weakened, they overwhelm the population with systematic arson, sexual violence, massacre and the destruction of vital infrastructure. This is a deliberate strategy to destroy and displace, and that's why I feel the appropriate word is genocide."

The RSF has denied involvement in what it has called "tribal conflicts", but Gen Dagalo, widely known as Hemedti, appeared to be hearing expressions of mounting international outrage, including from the UN, the African Union, the European Union and the UK.

Reuters A head and shoulders image of General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo speaking in  Khartoum, Sudan. He is wearing military clothes.Reuters
Gen Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo has said alleged killings will be investigated

He released a video saying he was sorry for the disaster that had befallen the people of el-Fasher in a war that had been "forced upon us" and admitted there had been violations by his forces, promising they would be investigated by a committee that has now arrived in the city.

Any "soldier or any officer who committed a crime or crossed the lines against any person… will be immediately arrested and the result [of the investigation] to be announced immediately and in public in front of everyone," the general pledged.

However, observers have noted that similar promises made in the past - in response to the accusations over el-Geneina, and alleged atrocities during the group's control of the central state of Gezira - were never fulfilled

It is also not clear how much control the RSF leadership has over its foot soldiers – a loose mix of hired militias, allied Arab groups, and regional mercenaries, many from Chad and South Sudan.

"The reality is that the way that the RSF is, it's very, very hard to believe that a command is going to be given by Hemedti, and then people on the ground are going to follow it," says aid co-ordinator Ms Mahmoud. "By that time, we'll have lost many, many people."

Aid groups and activists warn that if the pattern of the past two years is allowed to continue, it could happen again. They stress that the el-Fasher killings were entirely predictable, but the international community failed to act to protect civilians despite ample warning.

"The reality is that we laid these options out multiple times over six meetings with UN Security Council elements, with the US government, with the British government, with the French government, basically saying they had to be ready for a protection kinetic option [direct military action] in the summer of last year," says Nathaniel Raymond, executive director of the Yale Humanitarian Research Lab.

"This cannot be something settled by a press conference. It has to be something settled by immediate action."

In particular, activists are urging pressure on the United Arab Emirates, which is widely accused of providing military support to the RSF. The UAE denies this despite evidence presented in UN reports and international media investigations.

"This is exactly like the siege of Sarajevo," says Ms Mahmoud, referring to the Srebrenica massacre during the Bosnia war, which galvanised international action. "This is the Srebrenica moment."

More BBC stories on Sudan:

Getty Images/BBC A woman looking at her mobile phone and the graphic BBC News AfricaGetty Images/BBC

Go to BBCAfrica.com for more news from the African continent.

Follow us on Twitter @BBCAfrica, on Facebook at BBC Africa or on Instagram at bbcafrica

美财长称中国今年将采购1200万吨大豆

中美元首在韩国会晤后,美国财长贝森特说,中国已同意在今年采购1200万吨大豆。

据彭博社报道,贝森特在接受福克斯商业频道采访时说,未来三年,中国已同意每年至少采购2500万吨大豆。

贝森特发表上述评论之前,美国总统特朗普称,在与中国国家主席习近平会晤并敲定一项涵盖广泛内容的贸易协议后,中国将采购“大量”美国大豆。

越南驻重庆总领事馆开馆

越南驻中国重庆总领事馆星期三(10月29日)开馆,重庆市市长胡衡华说,重庆愿同越南一道,为构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体贡献更大力量。

综合中新社和越通社报道,越南驻重庆总领事馆是越南在华设立的第六家领事机构,领区包括重庆市、四川省,具有商务、文化、签证、领事保护等职能。

胡衡华在开馆仪式上表示,重庆与越南历史渊源深厚,与越南地方交流合作蓬勃发展。他称,越南连续多年成为重庆在亚细安(中国称东盟)地区的主要贸易伙伴,成为重庆企业在境外投资的主要目的地。

胡衡华进一步说,越南驻重庆总领事馆开馆,将开启重庆和越南交流合作的崭新篇章。重庆愿同越南一道,为构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体贡献更大力量。

越南驻华大使范清平在致辞中称,越南在重庆设立总领事馆,充分体现了越南党和国家重视并不断巩固发展同中国的友好合作关系、促进两国地方交流合作深入发展的一贯主张。

范清平也说,越南驻重庆总领事馆开馆不仅具有重要的政治外交意义,更开辟了越南与中国活力地区之间一个崭新、直接且高效的连接渠道,有助于深化全面战略合作伙伴关系,推动构建具有战略意义的越中命运共同体。

近年来,重庆与越南交流交往密切。今年1至8月,重庆与越南进出口总额305.2亿元人民币(55.72亿新元),同比增长24%;越南到重庆入境过夜游客达2万3100人次,同比增长44.9%。

下午察:又有中国独立书店关门?

四川成都知名独立书店“有杏书店”,因“不可抗力”即将关门的消息,星期三(10月29日)在各地网民朋友圈中流传。 (中国全民阅读网)

位于中国西南城市成都的知名独立书店“有杏书店”,因“不可抗力”即将关门的消息,星期三(10月29日)在各地网民朋友圈中流传,让中国不断收窄的公共生活空间再次受到关注。

有杏书店老板张丰星期三在个人微信公众号“城市的地得”发布《好了,今天就告别吧》一文,宣布书店将于11月28日关门。他写道:“我曾想过很多种书店结束的方式。可能性最大的就是不可抗力——现在它真的来了。”

有网民留言询问“为啥呢,活动一直不错”,张丰回复称“这就是原因”,隐晦透露书店被迫关门,导火索是一直以来主办的各种讨论公共议题的讲座活动。

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