我其实对 Hugo 不熟，不知道这算不算重新发明了一遍轮子。但我搜索「如何在 github 上，用 hugo 架设自己的 blog？」时，搜到的教程，都需要用户在自己的电脑上，安装运行各种 git 和 hugo 的相关命令，感觉对新手并不友好。所以，我试着写了一个流程，让新人完全只需要在网页浏览器上操作，就能快速生成自己的 blog 网站。
在这次「封面图事故」之前，我就有换新的的想法了。一方面确实是，在日常写作和新增一些页面时会明显感觉到这种技术上的代际差，只是自己懒得动，能用就不改。我相信大部分程序员也是这么想的，代码屎山不就是这么回事嘛。但如果只是换个模版，其实不用想那么久，所以另一方面更核心的是，我在同时考虑把博客的套餐升级到 Explorer 版，还想提前买下后面几年的域名使用权，因此，在我心里，模版的更新、升级、域名这三件事是合并在一起考虑的。
作为童年爱好，这个 blog 曾经把「摄影」作为一个二层分类的顶端，下面包括很多细微的分类：拍的照片、心得、理论讨论……甚至还有过一个摄影 blog，后来停掉了，也没有合并过来。这边还多多少少留了些，就先堆在这里。——所以心中还是对此有爱的吧。要知道，连 IT 类原创都没资格独占一个分类，而是胡乱塞进 /tech /fyi /misc 里面……
In the past, my blog was hosted on Tencent Cloud using Typecho. Unfortunately, due to unforeseen circumstances, I lost ownership of that machine along with all my previous posts. Consequently, I took a hiatus from blogging, remaining in a state of silence for a few years. However, I now realize the importance of reviving my blog before lethargy engulfs me.
After conducting extensive research and considering various platforms such as Ghost, WordPress, Typecho ,Hugo and some other platforms, I finally settled on Ghost. Its remarkable speed, plethora of customized themes, aesthetically pleasing web user interface, and integrated membership system influenced my decision.
Check out all the cool stuff Ghost has to offer on their website below:
Due to the absence of Ghost in the NixOS packages, and the cumbersome nature of adapting it into a NixOS service, Docker has emerged as an excellent solution for hosting Ghost. Here, I have provided a comprehensive breakdown of the steps I followed to set up a blog using Ghost with Docker on NixOS. This can be modified to use on other platforms.
Step 0: Enable Docker on NixOS
Enabling Docker(Podman) on NixOS is a straightforward process, requiring modification of just one configuration file. I personally prefer using the vim editor, but feel free to use your preferred tool such as nano, emacs, or VS Code.
The initial step involves logging into the machine, particularly if it is being used as a server.
ssh ${username}@${server IP}
Then, we can start to modify the configuration file:
sudo vim /etc/nixos/configuration.ni
There are two ways of adding Docker to the NixOS system: for all users:
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
docker
];
And for one user only:
users.users.${username}.packages = with pkgs; [
docker
];
You can choose either way based on your needs. The next step is to enable the Docker service.
Note that we're using oci-containers to control Dockers. If you have chosen to install Podman, remember to modify it accordingly. Some may question why we're not using docker-compose; this is a simple answer – we embrace the capabilities of NixOS, and that suffices.
Last, remember to create a directory for docker to use. Here's my example:
mkdir ~/.docker
Step 1: Set up Docker Network
Using the Docker CLI command docker network will indeed create the network, but it may not be the optimal approach. Since we're operating within the context of NixOS, we can add it as a service. Add the following code snippet to your configuration.nix file, ensuring to customize the name according to your requirements. In my case, I'm utilizing npm as an example since I'm employing nginx-proxy-manager as my Nginx reverse proxy service.
systemd.services.init-docker-ghost-network-and-files = {
description = "Create the network npm for nginx proxy manager using reverse proxy.";
after = [ "network.target" ];
wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
serviceConfig.Type = "oneshot";
script =
let dockercli = "${config.virtualisation.docker.package}/bin/docker";
in ''
# Put a true at the end to prevent getting non-zero return code, which will
# crash the whole service.
check=$(${dockercli} network ls | grep "npm" || true)
if [ -z "$check" ]; then
${dockercli} network create npm
else
echo "npm already exists in docker"
fi
'';
};
Step 2: Set up Mysql for Ghost
We will now proceed with crafting Docker configurations. The initial step involves creating an external directory for MySQL to store its data, ensuring that we can modify MySQL without accessing the Docker environment directly. At present, this MySQL database is exclusively intended for Ghost; however, you have the freedom to tailor it according to your specific requirements.
mkdir ~/.docker/ghost-blog/mysql -p
Please add the following snippet to your configuration file as well:
Within this section, we configure the port mapping, environment variables, and volume mapping. Please note that you should customize the MySQL configurations in accordance with your specific setup in the final step.
Mail Server Set Up
Taking Gmail as an example, please note that you can modify this configuration according to your specific needs.
Please remember that the Google app password mentioned here is different from your actual Google account password. You can generate a Google app password by following the steps outlined in the Sign in with app passwords guide.
By configuring these settings, visitors will be able to sign up and leave comments on our website.
More Custom Options
Please refer to the instructions provided on the Ghost website at the following link:
There are numerous articles available on the internet that explain how to set up Nginx as a system service or utilize nginx-proxy-manager as a Docker service. For the purpose of this example, I will demonstrate the Docker service approach. Remember to create the necessary folders as well.
但我看到这个问题时，首先想到的，一个很重要的因素：大概是因为，这个站就一直在这儿吧~ 我的技术能力，不需要花什么额外的精力，就能让这个 blog 一直存活下去。于是，想写东西的时候，这里始终有个地方，可以让我写。
——也有很多时期，是完全写不下去的，长时期没法去面对、去反刍自己的生活；然而也没必要因此而关站，就让 blog 存活在那里，终归是个表述的出口。大概是因为，我也是希望，自己能够从那些「无法整理自己」的状态中，渐渐走出来，回复到可以写东西的状态吧。所以站点的持续存在，满重要的，因为确实能感觉到，想写点什么的时候，如果没有这么个站，又或者需要自己重新架一个，可能也就不写了……
这种「随时可以在站点写东西」的状态，也影响着对 blog 平台的选择（怎么又拐到技术贴去了？好吧，之前也一直想吐槽这方面，就顺带提一下）。这些年一直有 〖wordpress vs 各种静态博客〗哪个更好的争论。双方确实各有利弊。总体来说，静态博客最大的优点就是……省钱，可以薅 github、vercel 之类托管网站的羊毛。但另一方面，静态博客每次发布、或者修改一篇文章的过程，其实满折腾的。通常情况下，它需要
好像也是可以通过一系列操作，实现用浏览器某个网站上编辑文章，然后自动编译发布到托管网站的。我没有仔细去关注。但是，如果把 blog 的生命周期，放到 5~10 年这个尺度上，那么这些网站之间的复杂依赖关系，很大程度上是不靠谱的。譬如我已经看到好几个静态 blog 的外挂评论系统，不知为什么不工作了……总之，相比之下，我可能更宁愿去使用那些免费带广告的 blog 平台。
我对写 blog 的新人的推荐，一直是——
如果有技术能力、也有服务器的话，自建 wordpress；
或者找人蹭一个。如果我们比较熟，你可以去买个域名，把 blog 挂在我的服务器上。这并不是很大的负担。（ps，个人 wordpress 小站，是可以不必安装开销很大的 mysql 数据库的）；
转一张图，对于熟悉这十几年来 blog 平台变迁的人，应该会很搞笑：用不同工具写 blog 的人，（写 blog 文章）vs（写关于怎么配置 blog 的文章）的对比。右下角那些术语，都是在各个年代，需要各种不同程度的折腾的，静态 blog 方案：gatsby、org mode、jekyll、hugo、git workflow……
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（Abstract）终于不用再搞“先放大再缩小”这种傻操作了。 
（Abstract）WordPress 默认生成的 RSS 在 Follow 中显示时会遇到一些问题，特别是文章缩略图的问题。我研究出了一些修正方法。 
