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他为所有人赢得了出生公民权,他的后代却一度不知其人

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他为所有人赢得了出生公民权,他的后代却一度不知其人

AMY QIN
桑德拉·黄和诺曼·黄是黄金德的孙辈,黄金德在1898年最高法院案件中的胜诉,确立了几乎所有在美国出生的儿童均自动获得公民身份的原则。
桑德拉·黄和诺曼·黄是黄金德的孙辈,黄金德在1898年最高法院案件中的胜诉,确立了几乎所有在美国出生的儿童均自动获得公民身份的原则。 Minh Connors for The New York Times
桑德拉·黄在父亲的葬礼上看着陈列的家族纪念品时,一张剪报让她得知了一个惊人的事实:她是黄金德的直系后代。黄金德曾是旧金山的一名华人厨师,正是他促成了1898年那项具有里程碑意义的最高法院裁决,该裁决赋予几乎所有在美国本土出生的人自动获得美国公民身份。
在2011年的那一天之前,她从未听过黄金德这个名字,也从不知道出生公民权曾是争议话题——如今,这一议题再次掀起轩然大波。本周三,美国最高法院将开庭听证,就特朗普总统去年发布的一项行政命令的合宪性展开辩论。该命令取消了无证移民、临时访客(包括国际留学生)在美国所生子女的出生公民权。
“我一直以为,只要生在美国,就是美国公民,”她说。
桑德拉此前对自己的家族渊源一无所知,这一方面印证了出生地公民权早已深深植根于美国人的集体认知,另一方面也体现出,黄金德案在美国校园教育中极少被提及。
黄氏兄妹得知,黄金德于1870年出生在旧金山唐人街,那里距离他们长大的地方仅几公里之遥。
黄氏兄妹得知,黄金德于1870年出生在旧金山唐人街,那里距离他们长大的地方仅几公里之遥。 Minh Connors for The New York Times
随着桑德拉深入挖掘家族历史,一段厚重而复杂的家族遗产在她面前展开——这段历史表明,出生公民权为她的家族成员在美国立足提供了强有力的法律支撑,却没能为他们换来完全的接纳,而这份接纳是他们一直都在奋力争取的东西。
歧视与偏见依然存在,家族成员被迫远隔重洋、天各一方。在同化压力与维系自身传统纽带的愿望之间,黄金德的后代们不得不做出艰难的抉择:哪些故事与传统该传给下一代,哪些又该隐去。
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“我们总在宣扬一种观念,把美国公民身份塑造成移民故事的顶峰,仿佛它标志着你被这个社会彻底接纳了,”宾夕法尼亚大学历史学教授哈迪普·迪隆说。“但现实是,即便你是美国公民,所享有的权利依然存在显著差异。”
桑德拉和三个兄弟在旧金山长大,父母双方的家族往事他们都知之甚少。
他们的母亲竹内喜美子(音)是日裔美国人,二战期间曾和家人一同被关押在犹他州的日裔拘留营,却极少向孩子们提起这段经历。
他们的父亲黄沃沾也几乎从不谈及过往。他是一艘船上的乘务员,常常一出海就是数月之久。孩子们只知道他是华人,除此之外,对他的过去知之甚少。
黄沃沾和竹内喜美子。
黄沃沾和竹内喜美子。 Norman Wong
后来他们才知道,父亲其实知道最高法院的这起案件,却从未对孩子们提起过。
“你能感觉到,那段往事里藏着太多的痛苦,”他的儿子、如今76岁的诺曼·黄说。
此后,黄家兄妹才慢慢了解到,他们的祖父黄金德1870年出生于旧金山唐人街,距离他们长大的地方只有几公里。19世纪中期开始,大批中国劳工涌入美国,他的父母是这股移民潮中的一员。
但这些劳工很快就遭遇了恶毒的种族歧视与暴力袭击,联邦法律也对他们施加了越来越严苛的限制,例如1882年出台的《排华法案》禁止大多数中国人入境。
大约就在那段时期,黄金德随家人回到了中国。但不久后,他被更高薪资的诱惑所吸引,试图重返美国。
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1895年,他再次入境美国时遭到拒绝,随后做出了一个惊人的决定:起诉美国政府。那一年,他只有24岁,只是唐人街的一个厨师,还留着辫子。
普林斯顿大学历史学教授贝丝·廖-威廉姆斯介绍,即便赢下了这场官司,黄金德的困境也未结束。和当时绝大多数美籍华人一样,他屡屡遭到边境官员的盘问,还必须拿到白人证人的书面证词,来证明自己确实出生在美国。
黄金德还试图把自己在中国出生的儿子们带到有更多经济机遇的美国。
按照法律规定,黄金德是美国公民,他的子女理应也被认定为美国公民。但他的一个儿子在经过连日盘问后,依然被拒绝入境。另外三个儿子也经历了严苛的审讯,最终才获准进入美国
最小的那个孩子就是桑德拉和诺曼的父亲黄沃沾。1926年,年仅11岁左右的他获准入境美国。(如今,黄家后人与部分专家根据时间线推断,黄沃沾可能并非黄金德的儿子,而是他的孙子。)
诺曼说,尽管黄金德最终定居中国,黄沃沾却留在美国。诺曼·黄说,当时还是个孩子的他在美国中西部的远亲家安顿下来。和当时很多华人男孩一样,他注定要去打工,把钱寄回给家乡的亲人。
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后来他搬到旧金山,与竹内喜美子结婚,两人育有四个孩子,其中就包括诺曼和桑德拉。
1945年,他以詹姆斯·元·黄(James Yuen Wong)这个名字加入美国海军。桑德拉·黄回忆,几十年后,他仍会自豪地谈起自己的服役经历。。
但他也始终守着自己的华人根脉。桑德拉·黄记得,在加州里奥林达的家中,他曾在屋外悬挂中华人民共和国国旗。后来,他在香港娶了第二任妻子,又生了一个孩子。
如今,距离黄金德成功获得美国公民身份已经过去了近130年,他的部分后代与祖籍国的联结早已变得十分淡薄。
诺曼和桑德拉在旧金山长大,在家只说英语,在电视上看迪士尼电影和西部片。
他们不过任何中国传统节日,对当年的排华法案也只有模糊的认知。
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两人都读完了大学。诺曼就读于加州大学伯克利分校,毕业后从事过多种工作,其中包括木匠。桑德拉毕业于旧金山州立大学,从事市场营销相关工作。
他们从未怀疑过自己美国人的身份。他们也知道,这应该归功于谁。
“如果当年他没有为这份权利而抗争,”诺曼·黄说。“我可能根本不会来到这个世界上。”

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'We look at life differently' - the over-70s making their comedy debut

BBC Marie McLaren smiles for the camera. She has short grey hair and is wearing a white scarf.BBC
Marie McLaren says age is just a number

Marie McLaren is a latecomer to the stage - but she's in good company at her comedy class in Glasgow.

The 88-year-old has been learning the ropes of stand-up comedy from professional comedian Viv Gee over the last four weeks.

She is part of a group of over-50s who took part in the sessions, which will end with them taking the stage for live shows at The Social Hub Glasgow.

"The danger of doing comedy as an older person is that people might think you have lost it," Marie says.

"But in my opinion age is only a number."

Marie, from East Kilbride, was nominated for the class by her daughter.

'Age is just a number' in this comedy class

"I've always liked jokes and laughs and make a joke out of anything," she says.

"Nobody's interested in moaners, so it's quite nice to just make people laugh and enjoy life."

Retired journalism lecturer Ronnie Bergman says the class is an opportunity to try something new.

"You kind of disappear when you get older. You get on the bus and people ignore you," says the 74-year-old.

"I was getting too comfortable and in too much of a rut, but this is out of my comfort zone.

"I hate getting my photo taken and I'm disappointed by the sound of my own voice so this is uncomfortable - but I enjoy it."

Ronnie Bergman looking directly at the camera and smiling. He has short grey hair and glasses, and is wearing a black shirt.
Ronnie Bergman says Billy Connolly is his comedy hero

Ronnie says the benefit of being an older comedian is that he has heard a lot more jokes.

As the class wraps up, he says he will be drawing on Billy Connolly as his comedy hero.

"He's an older comedian and he's still funny," Ronnie says.

Seventy-year-old Christine MacCormack believes her age helps to give her a difference perspective on comedy.

"We look at life differently because we born in a different time," she says.

"I'm just living my best life and I just want to enjoy the experience and my five minutes in the spotlight."

Viv Gee sitting at a table with a pen in her hand. She has long, light brown hair and is wearing a khaki hoodie.
Viv Gee is a Scottish Comedy Awards winner

The group took to the stage at the Social Hub for the first time on Wednesday in a show entitled The Old Ones are the Best, which has been organised in partnership with Age Scotland.

We watched as they ran through their material ahead of their debut performance.

With decades of life experience, the jokes run from the cradle to the grave - including a one-liner about being too old to buy a bag for life.

Health problems, family life and the habits of the younger generation have also provided a wealth of material.

But these are not your typical granddad jokes.

In one routine, 65-year-old Mitch Milmore buzzes around the stage wearing a pair of homemade bug-eyed goggles.

Andy Burke
Andy Burke finds his humour in his hometown

Meanwhile, 67-year-old Andy Burke finds his humour in his hometown.

"I come from a wee fishing village in Glasgow called Springburn," he tells the audience.

"It's got some lovely pubs up there - you go in laughing and come out in stitches."

He then launches into an expletive-laden set for the next five minutes before turning to tutor Viv for feedback.

"The great thing about comedy is anyone can do it," says the Scottish Comedy Awards winner.

"I can't teach them to be funny but I can teach them to be funnier."

Carol Kirkwood: Why the time is right for me to retire - and what's next

BBC Outgoing BBC Weather presenter Carol Kirkwood smiles in a portrait taken to mark her departure from the BBC. She is wearing a light pink top.BBC
Kirkwood joined the BBC 28 years ago, when the weather was done very differently

At 2:45am, much of the country is fast asleep - but for nearly three decades that's when Carol Kirkwood's day has begun.

Now, after leaving the BBC this week, the early alarm is the first thing she's ready to leave behind - it's "well and truly going in the bin".

It marks the end of an era, not just for Kirkwood, but for millions of viewers who have watched her present the weather forecast.

She has been the main weather presenter on BBC Breakfast since 2010, having started her BBC presenting career on the news channel.

Reflecting on her 28 years at the corporation, she tells us the biggest privilege was presenting the weather out in the field because "you meet members of the public who are always so lovely and kind to me".

Although it's "impossible to pinpoint one standout moment", reporting from events such as the Wimbledon tennis championships and Chelsea Flower Show were some of her highlights.

"I've reported from so many beautiful places and visited a lot of the country that I might not otherwise have seen," she adds.

Getty Images Carol Kirkwood, British Academy Scotland Awards at the DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Glasgow Central.Date: Sunday 3 November 2019.Venue: DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Glasgow Central.Getty Images
Kirkwood has been a familar face for millions across the country

Kirkwood announced she would be retiring back in February, but now her final few days at the BBC have arrived it's been "really surreal and emotional" to say goodbye.

Last week, while she was reporting on the weather at the Tower of London, she was given a special gold poppy that "is incredibly rare and hardly anyone has one".

"I was so surprised by the kindness they showed me," she says. Earlier this week she was "left in tears" after RHS Garden Wisley renamed its weather station in honour of her.

"The thing is you just go to work to do your job - you don't realise how appreciated you are," she says.

"You don't expect people to come and tell you how good you are because you're just doing your job.

"It's fabulous but it makes it even harder to leave."

But the 63-year-old, from Morar on Scotland's west coast, will miss her colleagues above all else.

"I love the weather and I'm fascinated by it but it's undoubtedly the people that make a job and it's so sad saying goodbye to them because I've known so many of them for decades. I know we'll stay in touch but it won't be the same."

Carol Kirkwood and Pasha Kovalev on Strictly Come Dancing.
Kirkwood says competing on Strictly Come Dancing was one of the most enjoyable experiences of her career

On the flip side, without the 2:45am alarm, she "cannot wait to sit in the garden in the summer in the evening or go to the theatre without worrying about the lack of sleep I would get".

In a glittering career, Kirkwood has also reported for The One Show and competed on Strictly Come Dancing in 2015, reaching week eight with her partner Pasha Kovalev.

She has repeatedly been named best TV weather presenter at the TV and Radio Industries Club Awards.

'I should get on with my retirement'

In 2023, Kirkwood married police officer Steve Randall and one of the main reasons she chose to retire was to spend more time with him.

She'd been considering it for about six months and discussing it regularly with Steve and she explains that they kept coming back to the simple question: what are we waiting for?

"I'm not getting any younger, I'm newly married and we've had some losses in our lives recently."

She didn't elaborate on what losses she had experienced but says it helped her realise "I should get on with my retirement and that's what I'm going to do".

Carol Kirkwood sits on the red BBC Breakfast sofa with a bouqet of flowers next to her husband Steve. They both look at each other and smile.
Kirkwood was surprised by her husband Steve on the BBC Breakfast sofa on her last day

She's most excited to go travelling and has already planned trips to France and Italy.

"The freedom of being able to get in the car, drive and go anywhere we want for as long as we want is really appealing," she adds.

She and Steve love walking and she feels acutely aware she'll be "turning 64 in May and we want to do this while we're fit and healthy".

As for her other hobbies, her sixth romance novel is out in October and she has committed to writing at least two more books after that. She also says she'd love to learn the guitar and get a couple of cats.

Carol Kirkwood in 2002, smiling with her arms crossed.
Kirkwood joined BBC News in the late 1990s as a weather presenter

When Kirkwood began forecasting in the 1990s, the job looked very different.

"We had little symbols of a sun and a cloud that would cover a whole area and that would be it," she explains. "Now we have 3D graphics that move across the area which is a lot clearer and easier to understand."

The weather has changed in almost three decades, too. "We used to have four definitive seasons and now they are such a muddle because of climate change."

She might be a pro at presenting the weather but it wasn't quite her dream job growing up, as she admits: "Not in a million years did I think I'd be doing this."

"When I was a child I wrote to Blue Peter producer Biddy Baxter because I wanted to be a presenter on the show as they always looked like they were having such good fun."

Her advice to anyone looking to pursue a similar career to her is to "always follow your dreams and put yourself out there".

"If you followed your dreams and they don't come true then at least you know you would have tried," she says.

Kirkwood's dreams did come true and now her dream retirement "can finally begin".

'We entered Race Across the World to honour dying wish'

BBC Mark Blythen, in his 60s, who has short grey hair and is wearing a short sleeved blue shirt with a lobster pattern and a large orange backpack, stands next to Margo Oakley, who has short blonde hair, a red t-shirt and a large blue backpack. BBC
Mark Blythen and Margo Oakley had a "fractious" relationship for more than 40 years

When Margo Oakley, now 59, was introduced to her older sister's new boyfriend her first impressions of the "po-faced" and "judgey" young man were not great.

And for Mark Blythen, 67, his feelings about his girlfriend's "loud and wild" younger sibling were mutual.

But more than 40 years later the pair became the first set of in-laws to compete on Race Across the World - the BBC show that offers a £20,000 cash prize to the first of five duos to reach the finish line without the aid of phones, internet or air travel and with a limited budget.

They told the BBC the decision to enter the intense TV contest together followed the "last wishes" of Mark's wife and Margo's sister Julia, who died from the rare blood cancer myelofibrosis in 2022.

Mark, from London, met Julia, from Liverpool, while they were both students at Huddersfield Polytechnic, even though initially she was dating one of his flatmates.

"She hit him over the head with a brolly and then about three weeks later I went out with her," he said.

Mark revealed the one thing he and Margo agreed on in those early days was that Julia was "out of my league".

Handout A smiling woman in a white dress, white blazer and black shoes is being physically carried by a grinning man with dark brown hair.Handout
Julia and Mark were together for about 40 years

"It took us 23 years to get married but as soon as I met Julia, she was the person I knew I wanted to be with," Mark said.

"She was gregarious, she was funny and she was just everything I wanted in someone, a partner."

His first introduction to Margo came during a weekend visit to Liverpool.

"He wasn't what I imagined her going out with," Margo said.

"He was quite po-faced about me and my friends. We were young, we were having fun. He seemed judgey."

"I was very judgey," Mark agreed.

The pair said they "rubbed along" over the years since then, with occasional "eruptions".

But Julia was "the glue that held us together", they said.

And one thing Margo never doubted was Mark's commitment to her sister.

Handout A woman with short grey hair, an orange and purple print top and sunglasses sits in a garden chair and grins while holding a glass of champagne. Perched on the arm of the chair is another woman, with longer light brown hair and wearing a red, black and blue print dress, she is laughing and has her eyes closed.Handout
Mark said Margo (pictured right) would provide Julia (left) with fun and joy during her illness

"I have to say, he was a good husband. He was very, very devoted to her. He couldn't have been more," she said.

"I mean, in a way, and that's part of really the story of the race, in a way he put a lot of who he was aside just because he worshipped her so much."

After decades of not seeing eye-to-eye, Mark and Margo's relationship developed a new dimension in 2019 when Julia became ill.

She had a particularly aggressive form of the disease, and despite undergoing a stem-cell transplant, her condition deteriorated.

As Mark cared for his wife, he said he came to value Margo's visits for the impact they had on her mood.

"One of the things about caring for somebody is that it's very easy to just get lost and focus on caring for someone," he said.

"People that are being cared for, they need to have fun and Margo provided that fun. I think that's what kept Julia going for so long, that Margo would come down and raise her spirits."

Margo said she noticed the toll Julia's illness was taking on Mark.

Handout A woman with short grey hair and a blue jumper embraces a man, wearing a black and white patterned shirt, as he sits on a kitchen chair. Handout
Mark said he did not realise how much of a toll caring for Julia during her illness had taken

"When he was caring for Julia, he didn't even know, realise how much it was taking from him," she said.

"We had different roles, but also as well, I knew Mark, like every carer, needed support."

While their relationship had been strengthening anyway, Julia explicitly told them she wanted them to remain close after she was gone.

"It was Julia's last wishes, and it was literally last wishes, that the friendship that Margo and myself had formed continued and we strengthened and we didn't lose it."

Margo said that while her sister had wanted their relationship to continue, how they went about it was an open question.

"You don't really have any blueprint for it, you know, it's an unusual relationship for all those years of friction," she said.

Both Mark and Margo said Julia was a big fan of Race Across the World, but "would never have gone on it" herself.

Handout A woman with a green hair covering, a bright green, red and yellow floral print blouse and jeans, wearing large sunglasses sits on a park bench in front of a grassy field smiling with her arms outstretched.Handout
Julia wanted Mark and Margo to maintain their newly forged bond after she died

The inspiration to apply hit Margo suddenly.

"I saw the race advertised and I just thought 'that really speaks to me'. I was looking for adventure because I have a lot on in my life in Liverpool because I care for my mum.

"As soon as I saw the race advertised, just something, I have no idea, spoke to me and said, ask Mark. A voice kind of told me, ask Mark...

"I didn't think twice. And very quickly I asked him and immediately he said 'yes'."

The pair did not want to reveal too much about what went on during filming to avoid spoilers - but said the "magical" journey towards the final destination - Mongolia - featured "real highs and really big lows".

"I don't think that's a spoiler to say, that's the nature of the race. Even the lows, there was absolute magic and alchemy in them," she said.

"Some of the lows, that's where the absolute gold is wasn't it?"

"You find the treasure at the bottom", Mark agreed.

Margo said she believed the excitement and joy in taking part in the race and the sadness of losing Julia would be relatable for people who have experienced loss.

"There's beauty in holding both those things, of sadness and joy of life and honouring her," she said.

The new series of Race Across the World begins at 21:00 BST on Thursday 2 April on BBC One and BBC iPlayer.

Listen to the best of BBC Radio Merseyside on Sounds and follow BBC Merseyside on Facebook, X, and Instagram. You can also send story ideas via Whatsapp to 0808 100 2230.

阿尔忒弥斯2号启航,人类重返月球

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阿尔忒弥斯2号启航,人类重返月球

KENNETH CHANG
Kenny Holston/The New York Times
周三傍晚,一枚高大的橙白相间NASA火箭从佛罗里达州发射升空,将四名宇航员送往太空,同时也把围观者的思绪带向美国人可能再次登月的未来。
正如当年阿波罗计划鼎盛时期一样(当时人类首次登上月球表面),围观者挤满了佛罗里达中部太空海岸的海滩。当这枚强大的运载火箭于美国东部时间下午6点35分冲入澄澈的暮色天空时,人群爆发出欢呼。火箭向东越过大西洋,执行一次绕月飞行但不登陆的任务。
此行搭载的飞船名为“诚信号”,上面有里德·怀斯曼、维克多·格洛弗、克里斯蒂娜·科赫和杰里米·汉森四名宇航员,预计他们将完成超过112万公里的往返旅程,为未来的进一步探索铺平道路,并最终实现新的登月任务。
这次任务名为“阿尔忒弥斯2号”,相当于21世纪的“阿波罗8号”——当年的宇航员弗兰克·博尔曼、詹姆斯·洛弗尔和威廉·安德斯曾吸引全世界的目光。1968年12月的发射是宇航员首次搭乘美国航天局强大的“土星五号”火箭进入太空。那次任务中,航天局并未进行绕地短途测试,而是直接将宇航员送往月球并返回,这是人类首次将另一个天体作为可抵达的目的地。
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与“阿波罗8号”一样,“阿尔忒弥斯2号”旨在检验飞船能否安全完成旅程,在预计约10天的往返飞行中保障宇航员的生命安全。按照计划,飞船将于4月10日在太平洋溅落,结束任务。
不同于当年的阿波罗宇航员全部为白人男性,这次任务创下多项“第一”:美国航天局的格洛弗将成为首位进入深空的黑人男性,科赫将成为首位进入深空的女性,而来自加拿大航天局的汉森则将成为首位参与登月任务的非美国人。美国航天局的怀斯曼担任“阿尔忒弥斯2号”任务的指令长。
20世纪60年代,美国航天局与苏联赛跑,力争抢先登月。这一次,美国航天局不想落后于中国的太空雄心——中国计划在2030年底前将宇航员送上月球。但此次目标并不是赢得短跑,而是要在月球表面建立持续的存在,在未来十年里打造一个前哨基地。
亿万富翁企业家贾里德·艾萨克曼于去年12月出任美国航天局局长后,宣布对“阿尔忒弥斯计划”进行重大调整,并重整了在去年因不确定性和裁员而受挫的队伍,将重点放在2028年底前再次实现登月。
关于“阿尔忒弥斯2号”任务,还有几点值得了解:
登舱就位:周三下午,火箭已加注推进剂,宇航员在发射前早早于舱内就位。气象预报显示,在长达两小时的发射窗口期内,有利天气条件的概率为80%。发射窗口从下午6点24分开启,为排除临阵故障或等待危险云层通过留出了缓冲余地。
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技术故障:过去曾使发射计划受阻的问题,如氢气和氦气泄漏,这次没有出现。但仍出现了其他问题。首先,航天局的工程师解决了火箭飞行终止系统的一个故障——如果飞行中载人舱被弹出,该系统会摧毁火箭。随后,在美东时间下午5点30分左右,航天局表示正在处理载人舱弹射系统一块电池的问题。了解NASA如何保障宇航员安全
此次发射创下多项“第一”:“阿尔忒弥斯2号”的宇航员创下多项纪录。飞行员格洛弗将成为首位绕月飞行的黑人男性,科赫将成为首位绕月飞行的女性,汉森则将成为首位完成此旅程的加拿大人。怀斯曼、格洛弗和科赫都曾在空间站工作,而汉森将是首次离开地球。了解此次宇航员的更多信息
火箭与飞船:宇航员将搭乘“太空发射系统”(SLS)进入太空。这枚火箭相当于阿波罗登月时期使用的“土星五号”。SLS约98米高,加注推进剂后重量约为2607吨。进入太空后,宇航员将与火箭分离,乘坐“猎户座”飞船前往月球,其内部空间大致相当于两辆小型面包车。了解更多
10天往返月球:“阿尔忒弥斯2号”的飞行轨道不同于以往任何一次登月任务,也可能不同于未来的任务。在进入太空后的最初几个小时里,宇航员将在距地球约6.9万公里的高度测试“猎户座”的各项系统,为绕月之旅做准备。宇航员预计将创下人类距离地球最远的纪录,超过1970年“阿波罗13号”任务中达到的距离——当时宇航员被迫中止任务返回地球。了解更多

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The Artemis II Toilet Had a Problem

The Universal Waste Management System aboard the Orion capsule is an innovation in deep space toiletry (if it works).

© Cassandra Klos for The New York Times

An Orion training module, an exact replica of the spacecraft that will take astronauts around the moon, at the Johnson Space Center in Houston. A compartment in the floor houses the only bathroom on board.

Senate and House Republicans Strike Deal to End DHS Shutdown

A bill to reopen the department, which the House G.O.P. rejected on Friday, could be approved as early as Thursday. It was a sharp turnaround by the lawmakers and President Trump.

© Vincent Alban/The New York Times

The resurrected plan would omit money for Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Border Patrol, the agencies carrying out President Trump’s immigration crackdown. Republicans said those agencies’ employees would continue to be paid out of funds that were pushed through Congress last year.

Judge Finds Border Officials Violated Previous Order on Warrantless Arrests

A federal judge in California ordered agents to thoroughly document any future stops in an area spanning 34 counties.

© Mark Abramson for The New York Times

A day laborer in Bakersfield, Calif., in January. A federal judge found on Wednesday that border officials appeared to have violated her earlier order when agents carried out an immigration sweep last year in a Home Depot parking lot in Sacramento.

武汉多辆萝卜快跑出租车突然“宕机”,乘客被困

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武汉多辆萝卜快跑出租车突然“宕机”,乘客被困

KEITH BRADSHER
2024年,中国武汉一辆绘有花卉图案的百度萝卜快跑网约车。这些车辆已成为武汉街头常见的景象。
2024年,中国武汉一辆绘有花卉图案的百度萝卜快跑网约车。这些车辆已成为武汉街头常见的景象。 Qilai Shen for The New York Times
全球规模最大的无人驾驶汽车实验项目之一遭遇了令人尴尬的挫折。周二晚间,中国武汉多辆自动驾驶出租车在道路车流中突然停下,导致车内乘客被困,部分车辆还阻挡了其他车辆通行。
中国中部特大城市武汉警方于周三通报,“陆续接到”报警,称自动驾驶汽车发生停驶。涉事车辆均来自中国大型互联网企业百度在武汉运营的大规模自动驾驶出行项目萝卜快跑。
警方表示,事故原因为未明确具体细节的“系统故障”,未披露受影响的车辆数量。百度在武汉已投放数百辆该类自动驾驶车辆,成为当地的常见景象
警方在通报中称:“公安交管、交通运输部门按照预案迅速调集力量赶到现场,会同萝卜快跑公司工作人员开展处置。”
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百度暂未立即就此作出回应。
美国自动驾驶出租车运营商Waymo去年12月在旧金山也曾发生过类似事件:当时一场持续数小时的停电事故导致当地的Waymo自动驾驶车辆纷纷靠边停车。按照常规程序设定,当自动驾驶出租车遇到完全无法识别的陌生场景时,会触发停车指令
而武汉此次事件中,中国社交媒体上流传的一段视频显示,一辆萝卜快跑车辆停在了宽阔快速路的最右侧最慢车道,而非应急车道,车内乘客被困,卡车从旁呼啸而过。社交媒体上的另外两张图片显示,另一辆萝卜快跑车辆停在高速公路中央,车左后角似乎被一辆橙色运动型多用途车撞击过,该车停在附近,右前角受损严重。
去年12月初,中国监管部门曾要求车企推迟销售具备多种自动驾驶功能的汽车的计划。当局这一举措的背景是此前一年的一起小米SU7交通事故,造成三名女大学生身亡。涉事车辆在以约每小时116公里的速度撞上混凝土施工护栏的前一秒,自动驾驶模式解除,系统要求驾驶员接管车辆。
今年7月,中国中央电视台报道称,针对20个品牌的36款智驾车型开展的测试显示,当车辆在夜间靠近施工现场遇到卡车时,仅有略低于半数的车辆能够实现安全避让。这份在国内互联网上广泛传播的报道显示,只有美国特斯拉公司的两款车型配备的辅助驾驶系统在各种安全情境下都表现可靠。
众多汽车行业分析师与企业高管认为,与电动汽车适配性最佳的自动驾驶技术或将成为汽车行业下一个重大技术突破。他们预计,未来数年,将有数亿车主选择将驾驶权交给计算机系统。
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自动驾驶技术的崛起可能会让欧美、东北亚地区那些仍主打燃油车销售的车企被时代抛下。燃油发动机对计算机驾驶指令的响应速度远慢于电动机,这也为燃油动力自动驾驶出租车的研发设计带来了极大难度。
中国在无人驾驶技术领域起步较晚,但在大规模落地测试的审批上节奏更快,同时对相关安全问题的报道实施审查。在美国,Waymo与特斯拉均在自动驾驶领域投入了巨额资金;备受市场关注的是,Waymo也已启动在伦敦投放自动驾驶出租车车队的项目。
去年8月,百度宣布将为美国网约车服务商Lyft供应自动驾驶出租车,计划于今年在德国和英国投入运营,相关计划尚待监管部门审批。中国自动驾驶企业魔门塔与网约车巨头优步于去年宣布,计划在欧洲开展小规模自动驾驶汽车试点项目。另一家中国企业文远知行已在阿布扎比、新加坡以及中国多个城市启动了无人驾驶车辆项目。
武汉此次事故发生的时间点对百度乃至中国而言都尤为尴尬:三周后,全球车企的数千名高管与工程师将齐聚北京,参加北京国际车展。随着中国政府推动国内外车企集中展示最新的电动汽车及其他前沿技术,该车展已成为全球首屈一指的汽车创新展示平台。

Siyi Zhao和Ruoxin Zhang对本文有研究贡献。

Keith Bradsher是《纽约时报》北京分社社长,此前曾任上海分社社长、香港分社社长、底特律分社社长,以及华盛顿记者。他在新冠疫情期间常驻中国进行报道。

翻译:纽约时报中文网

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20260402

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托马斯·賴利·馬歇爾是美国民主党政治家,曾于1913至1921年伍德罗·威尔逊执政期间担任第28任美国副总统。马歇尔曾是印第安纳州名律师,通过在州内各地为其他候选人发表竞选演说并组织党派集会而在政坛崭露头角。曾当选第27任印第安纳州州长。担任州长期间,他提出渐进性质但也充满争议的州宪法,推动其它进步主义改革。美国加入第一次世界大战后,马歇尔应总统要求在全美各地发表鼓舞士气的演说。

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柬埔寨洗钱、电诈集团关键人物李雄被押解回中国

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柬埔寨洗钱、电诈集团关键人物李雄被押解回中国

SELAM GEBREKIDAN
汇旺集团在柬埔寨金边的总部,摄于2025年。汇旺集团及其关联公司已为犯罪分子洗钱至少40亿美元。
汇旺集团在柬埔寨金边的总部,摄于2025年。汇旺集团及其关联公司已为犯罪分子洗钱至少40亿美元。 Chang W. Lee/The New York Times
周三,中国抓获了柬埔寨一家金融集团的负责人,该集团是一个全球洗钱网络的核心枢纽。这是中国对东南亚跨境有组织犯罪的最新一次震慑行动。
据中国官方媒体报道,这名男子名叫李雄,系中国公民,曾任汇旺集团董事长,涉嫌实施诈骗、掩饰隐瞒犯罪所得以及开设赌场等多项犯罪。报道称,他是在柬埔寨有关部门的协助下从该国首都金边引渡回国的。
中国此前曾不定期地打击东南亚的诈骗分子,也对那些通过提供洗钱等服务为这类犯罪提供便利的人采取过行动。这些犯罪分子从戒备森严的园区内,在相对安全的环境下,通过网络诈骗世界各地的受害者。许多诈骗者和受害者都是中国公民,其中一些人是被拐骗后被迫从事这一工作。
去年,《纽约时报》的一篇调查报道发现,汇旺集团旗下的公司运营着一个被网络诈骗分子及其他犯罪分子使用的全球洗钱网络
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中国有关部门认定,李雄的汇旺集团是太子集团的子公司,后者在去年受到美国制裁。美国联邦检察官指控其通过投资诈骗从受害者手中骗取了数十亿美元。太子集团董事长陈志已于今年1月从柬埔寨引渡至中国
周三,中国国家电视台播放的画面显示,在数名中国警察的押送下,李雄戴着手铐和头罩被带下飞机,随后警察为他摘下头罩以面对镜头。
中国公安部在一份简短声明中表示,“陈志犯罪集团已有多名骨干成员”陆续到案。
曾有一段时期,中国执法部门与柬埔寨同行的合作只抓获了一些外围成员,诈骗和洗钱产业得以完整保留。
汇旺集团和太子集团的头目尤其肆无忌惮,并享有柬埔寨政府的保护。陈志曾担任柬埔寨首相的顾问,而柬埔寨首相的一名亲属则在李雄旗下的一家公司担任董事。
最近的引渡行动表明,柬埔寨正在向北京的压力让步。
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中国外交部周三表示:“中方愿同包括柬埔寨在内的周边国家加大执法合作力度。”
美国政府去年除了制裁太子集团及其附属机构、子公司和关联方外,还从陈志的企业集团查获了近150亿美元的比特币,据美国司法部称,这是有史以来最大规模的查缴。美国检察官还对陈志提起了公诉,指控其涉嫌电信诈骗和合谋洗钱罪。
美国当局并未明确证实汇旺集团与太子集团之间存在关联,但特朗普政府去年已单独将汇旺列为洗钱机构黑名单,将其排除在美国金融体系之外。
直到不久前,汇旺仍是一个实力雄厚的企业集群,吸纳来自犯罪活动的资金,将其“洗白”,并以惊人的速度跨境转移资金。
该公司拥有合法业务——其二维码在柬埔寨随处可见,顾客在超市、餐馆和酒店中常用其进行结账。它还提供其他的银行和保险服务。
然而,其见不得人的一面才是主要的盈利来源。它的一家关联公司提供定制化洗钱服务,另一家则运营一个开放的线上交易平台,充当犯罪分子与洗钱者之间的撮合中介。
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根据美国财政部的数据,汇旺集团及其关联公司已为犯罪分子洗钱至少40亿美元,其中包括朝鲜黑客和东南亚诈骗团伙。实际数字可能更高——据分析公司Elliptic称,仅该在线平台在去年春天之前就促成了近270亿美元的交易,尽管其中部分交易可能是合法的。
去年12月,柬埔寨国家银行表示,在政府吊销营业执照后,汇旺已进入清算程序。

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The delicate question of where responsibility lies for safety on our mountains

BBC A montage image showing a person from the Langdale Ambleside Mountain Rescue Team bringing a stretcher down and an image from Scotland, Argyll and Bute, Glencoe, Buachaille Etive Mor, frozen mountainous regionBBC

Two walkers find themselves stranded on a remote hillside as night closes in, hundreds of miles from home, after being inspired out into the wilderness by a TikTok video. It might sound like an unusual emergency - but for Mike Park, CEO of Mountain Rescue England and Wales, it's become a familiar story.

"We had two people stuck on a hill at 8pm, no torches. One was in their early 20s and the other was late 30s. It was their first time on a hill. They'd travelled a long way because they'd seen a TikTok route. They set off on their walk at 2pm - too late - wearing shorts, T‑shirts and carrying only a picnic," he recalls.

"They got off‑route, found themselves in unfamiliar ground – but they did the right thing by calling for help."

Park says this recent rescue, just a few days ago in the Lake District, is typical of the kind of callouts many colleagues now see.

Getty Images A view of the Lake District and the River Brathay 

Getty Images
Mike Park has spent the past 40 years rescuing people on the hills of the Lake District

His rescue team were able to safely find the pair and walk them off the hill – but the incident perfectly captures some changing behaviours. Their situation was self-inflicted; they weren't prepared and got into trouble, extra layers and some good torches could have seen them rescue themselves - but they were also quick to call for help when they knew something was wrong - a decision Park says saved them from far more severe consequences.

"If we hadn't reached them, they'd have been stuck all night in the dark. By morning, I'm confident they'd be suffering hypothermia - possibly unable to walk."

Over the past few years, mountain rescue teams say there's been a stark rise in the number of people needing to be rescued.

This has ignited a delicate but important debate. Who is responsible for safety on our mountains? And, are increased warning signs and even barriers the answer to saving lives in our most dangerous landscapes, or is risk the price we pay for true adventure?

The rise in callouts

Mountain rescue callouts have been steadily rising for decades. Sport England figures suggest there's been a particular boom in recent years, with the number of us regularly climbing a hill or mountain rising from 2.8m people in 2018 to 3.6m in 2024.

Living an active lifestyle is something the public body estimates could be saving the NHS billions each year, by reducing the number of people developing chronic conditions.

However, it's also contributed to sharp rises in the number of rescues required by the volunteers who make up the UK's so-called "fourth emergency service".

In England and Wales, the number of callouts rescue teams attend has doubled in the past decade, reaching well over 3,000 a year by 2024, according to Mountain Rescue England and Wales.

So what's changed?

One of the key themes rescue teams pick up on is how incidents featuring younger adventurers, aged 18 to 24, have soared in recent years. Callouts for the age group almost doubled in England and Wales between 2019 and 2024, from 166 to 314.

It now makes them the most rescued age group, overtaking walkers in their 50s who had previously needed the most help.

Mike Park has spent the past 40 years on the hills of the Lake District, rescuing those in danger. He has observed a significant shift among younger people in embracing the outdoors - but says he believes better technology and wider social changes in the past few decades have also fed into the overall rise.

"It doesn't matter what age you are - society is more adventurous, more reliant on help, less outdoor‑aware, and less prepared," he says.

"When I first started our team did 10-15 callouts a year. We average around 100 now. The rise hasn't been steady - it's steepened sharply, especially in the last 10 years and after Covid-19."

Park believes part of what makes the mountains of the UK so attractive is that most can be easily accessed for a day-trip - at worst a short weekend break. They are on our doorstep, via the same motorways and service stations we might stop at on our way to a theme park or music gig.

This can breed a sense of overfamiliarity - with some misjudging just how alien and dangerous these environments can be, he suggests.

Corbis via Getty Images Participants crossing stepping stones in YorkshireCorbis via Getty Images
Park believes part of what makes the mountains of the UK so attractive is that most can be easily accessed for a day-trip

Park says decades ago, many people who went into the UK's mountains would have it as their sole major pastime, they were "hillwalkers or mountaineers, that was it". Now, outdoor adventures are easy to pick up alongside the many other work and leisure activities people juggle.

"There's so much to do now, we don't concentrate on any one thing. People might do the outdoor environment one week, swimming the next, holiday the week after," he says.

Rescuers say it should be seen as only good news that millions of people are now inspired each year to venture into the outdoors themselves, encouraged by stories of the physical and mental health benefits - and beautiful images spread across social media.

But the reality of having so many novices is also starting to take its toll on some of the UK's busiest rescue teams, who are increasingly grappling with exhaustion and stretched staffing.

It's important to note that no rescue team we spoke to begrudge doing these kinds of rescues - they are grateful they can help those who need it and avoid the situation getting any worse. It doesn't matter how you got there, just that they can help you get down safely.

But according to Park, the fact people are seemingly more willing to take risks in the first place - and then more willing to pick up the phone when things go wrong - has fundamentally changed what kind of rescues his teams do.

"Ten years ago, 70% of callouts were because someone physically couldn't get off a hill," he says.

"Now, most people haven't physically injured themselves - it's that they're mentally unable to get down, because they weren't prepared for the environment."

In other words, people's bodies are capable of getting them off the mountains, but they lack the experience, confidence or equipment to do it safely.

Online influencers

Many mountain rescuers believe the increase in online influencers is playing a role. There are pictures and videos across sites like TikTok and Instagram encouraging people to venture out to beautiful plateaus and waterfalls.

Seeing people influenced by social media "used to be rare, but now it's constant," explains Martin McMullan, from the Mourne Mountain Rescue Team in Northern Ireland.

"People search out iconic locations made popular by influencers. Some go just to experience it - others are trying to create their own content for their platforms."

BBC/ Getty Images Martin McMullan on the left and on the right is an image of a man walking in the Mourne mountains in Northern Ireland
BBC/ Getty Images
Martin McMullan says: "People search out iconic locations made popular by influencers"

In some rare cases, McMullan says influencers may even be attempting to get rescued - to create more interesting content for their channels. He became suspicious of one case a few years ago, when his team was called to Northern Ireland's highest peak in "very serious" sub-zero winter conditions.

At the summit McMullan says they found a group of young people who they escorted part of the way down, before calling in a helicopter to evacuate them to safety. It was only days later, when a friend alerted him to it, that McMullan realised the whole thing had been filmed by the group, clutching onto their phones as they were rescued.

"They'd been livestreaming parts of it - even when things became dangerous. We were oblivious to it at the time. They probably thought it made great social media content."

McMullen says although being far from the first time he'd had a rescue filmed by members of the public keen to capture the drama of the job, it was the first time his team suspected a group had gone out with the idea of getting rescued, something they denied.

Hotspots

The vast majority of mountain rescue teams, thankfully, rarely find themselves called out to a death. But the spread is far from even and there are certainly hotspots.

The rescue team covering Yr Wydffa, Snowdon, is far and away the busiest in the UK. The team is often called to fatal incidents and has seen a rise in deaths. Across north Wales, there were 14 fatalities in the mountains back in 2015. Last year there were 23.

Getty Images Autumn landscape image of view along Nant Fracon valley in Yr Wydffa, Snowdonia National Park, with dramatic evening sky 
Getty Images
The rescue team covering Yr Wydffa, Snowdon, is the busiest in the UK

So-called body recovery callouts can have a significant impact on the rescuers, with a growing importance being placed on welfare checks and support for the teams who regularly battle the elements to retrieve bodies so they can be returned to their loved ones.

There have been suggestions that putting up physical warning signs, or even fencing, on some of the UK's most dangerous ridges and waterfalls could potentially save lives. The National Trust and conservation project, Fix the Fells, recently decided signs were needed to prevent accidents on England's highest mountain, Scafell Pike.

Over eight years, four people died and more than 40 were rescued from the treacherous ravine known as Piers Gill, before a sign and large rocks were placed on the nearby route to encourage people away from the area.

In mid-Wales, one assistant coroner has recommended multiple times that signs be put up around some of the region's impressive waterfalls. Five people have died at the beauty spots in the past few years, which has prompted the assistant coroner for south Wales central, Rachel Knight, to write three Prevention of Future Death Reports - recommending improvements.

In the most recent one, she argued clearer warning signs were needed for walkers who risked falling from the paths above the waterfalls – suggesting without them, many would fail to understand "the significant risks they face" in the area and more people were likely to die.

So could putting up signs work in other remote areas?

Andy Buchan is due to take over Mike Park's role at Mountain Rescue England and Wales in May.

In some of the most extreme areas, like Crib Goch, a notorious knife edge ridge in north Wales with annual fatalities, Buchan says some ideas should be considered.

Andy Buchan in walking gear on a mountainside
Andy Buchan, the incoming CEO of England and Wales Mountain Rescue

"I won't call it signposting in terms of actually putting signs up on the mountain, but certainly signposting towards more information could really help."

Buchan suggests that in rescue hotspots such as Crib Goch, which does already have some warnings placed on the route, more could be done to help walkers access weather forecasts and safety information before they get to an area - potentially by placing additional signs or QR codes in car parks hikers are likely to use before heading out.

However, what Buchan and others I speak to really don't want to see - despite some potential benefits - is the same widespread canvassing of signs and fencing witnessed in other countries.

Danger do not enter signal at Yosemite national park at Glacier point with its famous overhanging rock
Buchan does not want to see the same widespread canvassing of signs and fencing witnessed in other countries

"There are other parts of the world that I've travelled, like the US, where you can get to remote places and then all of a sudden, when you want to go and have a look at the view over the cliff, there's a big metal barrier around and there's concrete being put in place and it kind of destroys the remoteness of the location that you're in," Buchan explains.

'The mountain isn't going anywhere'

In preparing for the role, Buchan has had plenty of time to think about the current challenges, but is overwhelmingly positive about seeing more people out on the hills.

"We encourage people to get outside for their physical and mental wellbeing," he says. "People recognise the countryside is a cost‑effective way to have great experiences. It's great - but it does come with risk."

Universal Images Group via Getty Images View to Crib Goch and the Pyg Track with Llyn Glaslyn and Llyn Llydaw from Snowdon summit, Gwynedd, Wales, United Kingdom
Universal Images Group via Getty Images
Buchan suggests that in rescue hotspots more could be done to help walkers access weather forecasts and safety information

The story of Jack Carne is testament to that. Jack and his two best friends had travelled a few hours from their hometown of Barnsley to reach the mountains of Eryri, also known as Snowdonia, in north Wales. Inspired, after the Covid-19 lockdowns, by the freedom the mountains offered them, the trio in their 20s had been out hiking at every possible opportunity. They were committed, fit and experienced - but on this occasion, just "10 metres from the top" of Glyder Fawr, a peak thousands of feet up, everything went wrong.

A rock Jack had grabbed hold of broke away in his hands. His friends could do nothing as they watched him fall. In just an instant he was gone - disappearing out of sight beneath them. Three friends went up the mountain that day. Only two came back.

It was the starkest reminder possible about the unpredictability and the dangers lurking just beneath the surface of the UK's most picturesque landscapes – even for those who come prepared.

Left to right - Jack, Matty and Brandan on one of their trips
Jack Carne (left) and his two best friends Matty and Brandan

At the inquest into Jack's death, the coroner remarked how the young men were all well-equipped and experienced enough for the route they'd chosen.

"It was a scramble - nothing harder than anything we'd done before," Matty Belcher, one of those three friends, told me. "In fact it was easier than a lot of stuff we'd done," added the 27-year-old.

"Mountain Rescue said the boulder that actually took Jack was a freak accident," adds Brandan Smith, 25, the group's third member.

"That rock could have gone in a week's time, a year's time."

One week after Jack's death, Brandan and Matty were back at the same peak - this time making it the additional 10m to the summit, where they had time to reflect alongside Jack's dad, who they'd brought with them.

"Jack's dad wanted to see it - put his mind at ease, instead of guessing what happened," explains Matty.

For Brandan and Matty, it was a key moment - that inspired them to keep adventuring and not give up on the beauty of our landscape, despite the risks.

Brandan unfurls a flag to remember Jack at a summit
Brandan says Jack "was probably the best of us at climbing – he was brilliant"

"Jack was the one who absolutely loved it the most out of us," says Brandan. "He was probably the best of us at climbing - he was brilliant - he always pushed me, believed I could do it even when I didn't.

"If we'd stopped going out after he died, Jack would've kicked us for it."

The key thing, both men say, is for those looking to adventure, to always be aware of the risks.

"For us, if someone isn't feeling safe, we turn back. No question. There's always another day," says Brandan. "It's always going to be there - the mountain isn't going anywhere."

Top picture credit: Getty Images

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Doctors lose new jobs package as strike to go ahead

PA Media Junior doctors protest outside Downing Street, LondonPA Media

The government has withdrawn an offer of creating 1,000 more doctor training posts in England after the British Medical Association (BMA) refused to call off a six-day strike next week.

The extra posts were part of a wider package of measures put forward by ministers earlier this year to resolve the long-running dispute with resident doctors, previously known as junior doctors.

Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer set a 48-hour deadline on Tuesday evening for the walkout to be cancelled if the union wanted to keep them.

The strike was called last week when talks between the two sides over pay and job shortages broke down.

A Department of Health and Social Care spokesman said doctors had been offered a "generous deal", but said it was now not possible to give the go-ahead on the training posts.

"These posts would have gone live this month, but as systems now need to prepare for strikes and more uncertainty, it simply won't be operationally or financially possible to launch these posts in time to recruit for this year."

The government said the move would not impact the overall number of doctors in the NHS as the posts were going to be created from existing short-term posts. Resident doctors fill these when they cannot get official training posts.

Dr Jack Fletcher, BMA resident doctor committee chair, said the announcement was "extremely disappointing".

"It is genuinely disheartening to be at this point after what had been constructive talks up until a few weeks ago when the government moved the goalposts.

"It is simply wrong that the development of the doctors of the future is being used as a pawn like this.

"We have consistently maintained that we are willing to postpone industrial action should a genuinely credible offer be provided."

Alongside the extra training posts, the government had offered to cover some out-of-pocket expenses such as exam fees as well as ensuring faster pay progression.

But the BMA ended the talks saying the deal - and in particular its pay progression element - had been watered-down at the last minute.

It also coincided with the government accepting the recommendations of the independent pay review body that all doctors, including resident doctors, should get a 3.5% pay rise from this month.

The BMA called it a "crushing blow", pointing out that inflation was set to rise because of the Iran war.

While the pay rise means resident doctor pay has risen by a third over the past four years, the BMA argues it is still a fifth lower than it was in 2008 once inflation is taken into account.

The union uses a measure of inflation - RPI - that is higher than others. It says it does this because the government uses that measure of inflation when adding interest to student loans.

The training posts that were offered are the ones doctors move into after the first two years of training. This is the point at which they specialise in areas such as general practice or surgery.

Last summer there were 30,000 applicants for around 10,000 jobs, although some of those were doctors applying from abroad.

Next week's walkout, which begins at 07:00 BST on Tuesday, will be the joint longest since the dispute began - only once before have resident doctors taken part in a six-day walkout.

It's the 15th walkout since the long-running dispute started in March 2023.

Resident doctors make up nearly half of medics working in the NHS - two thirds of them are BMA members.

New laws to make it easier to cancel subscriptions

Getty Images Close up of a person holding a TV remote, pointing at a smart TVGetty Images
The laws will enable people to cancel subscriptions "with the click of a button".

New laws will make it easier to cancel subscriptions and get refunds for unwanted auto-renewals, the government has said.

A crackdown on "subscription traps" could save the average person nearly £170 a year, according to the Department for Business and Trade (DBT).

Consumers will no longer have to make "endless phone calls" to cancel a subscription, and they will be given a 14-day cooling off period after the end of a trial period, or when an annual subscription automatically renews.

The changes are expected to come in to force in spring 2027.

The laws will enable people to cancel subscriptions "with the click of a button", the DBT said.

Companies will be forced to give clear information upfront to prevent consumers from being "silently rolled onto expensive contracts", it added.

Firms will also have to give customers reminders when a free or discounted trial is about to end, or when contracts that are a year or longer are about to be renewed.

The 14-day cooling off period will allow people to get a "full or proportionate refund" if they forget to cancel after a free trial, or the subscription auto-renews.

The changes could save the public a total of £400m a year, the DBT said.

Kim Biggs from Lincolnshire told BBC News she has been "caught out" by annual subscription fees that renew automatically.

Kim was notified that her free trial of AVG, the anti-virus software was about to end..she said trying to cancel the subscription was "exasperating".

"It took quite a lot of time to wade through all the pages, all the information that was presented when you first clicked onto the 'unsubscribe' part on the website.

"Eventually I clicked on the right options to get an online form to request a refund. I completed this but did not receive my refund."

Kim said the phone number for AVG 's support centre was not easy to find online.

When she did speak to a support agent Kim said she was told "the form that I'd sent in is basically disregarded by them, that you have to speak to them through the support centre to get your refund, which was really annoying".

"I had to keep repeating that I just wanted a refund, as she was very persistent in pushing the products available, trying to get me to change my mind."

The BBC has asked AVG for a comment.

'Nothing more frustrating'

Sue Davies, the head of consumer rights policy at Which?, said subscription traps can "wreak havoc on finances".

"These new rules will help put consumers in the driving seat with proper transparency and protection," she said.

Certain memberships for charitable, cultural and heritage organisations will be excluded from the new rules.

The DBT estimates that there are 10 million unwanted, active subscriptions across the UK.

It said that more than 3.5 million people are being "quietly rolled from free or discounted trials into fully costed contracts", while another 1.3 million are caught out by unexpected auto-renewals.

Motability drivers 'horrified' by compulsory black-box trackers

Keron Day Keron Day at the back of his Wheelchair Accessible Vehicle with St Michael's Mount in the backgroundKeron Day
Sex Education actor Keron Day, who has cerebral palsy, says he is angry at having to have a black box fitted in his wheelchair accessible vehicle

Motability drivers under the age of 30 say they are "horrified" by rule changes that mean their vehicles will be fitted with compulsory black boxes.

The boxes will monitor driving habits, such as speed and braking, and will provide a weekly rating.

More than four red ratings over a 12-month period could see drivers removed from the Motability scheme, which allows eligible disabled people to lease a new car using part of their benefit payments.

Critics say the change will affect disabled people's freedom and ability to work, but Motability says it is about "keeping prices down and keeping people safe". It says it has removed 300 drivers since its September launch in Northern Ireland.

'Disabled people need to have the choice'

Actor Keron Day, 25, who starred in the hit Netflix show Sex Education, has cerebral palsy and uses a specially adapted wheelchair accessible vehicle (WAV). The car has a steering aid and indicators on the floor, as well as buttons for lights, wipers, gears and the handbrake.

Day says the car is an "amazing piece of technology", but feels angry at having to have a black box fitted and his driving assessed when his access requirements mean he "can't simply jump into another vehicle" or use public transport easily.

"Disabled people need to have the choice, just like everybody else," he says.

"If I passed [my driving test] aged 17, I would have 13 years of a mandatory black box. None of my non-disabled peers would have that.

"We all have to pass the exact same driving tests that everybody else does, so it's not a point about our safety."

A screenshot from Kirkmoore. A man in a jazzy shirt stands behind Keron's character who is sitting in front of his a computer screen and wears a headseat and a suit. They are are in a bar or club.
Day, who played the lead in BBC Three's Kirkmoore, says he needs his vehicle to get to acting jobs

Black box car insurance has become a popular option for young drivers, who are often deemed to be more high-risk, as it offers lower insurance premiums.

Motability enables disabled people who have issues getting around to exchange their higher-rate mobility allowance for a new car. Although "premium" vehicles such as BMWs and Mercedes were removed from the scheme at the end of last year.

During last year's Budget, the government removed its tax break on insurance and it must now cover 12% on each insurance premium. It must also now pay VAT on some vehicles meaning the scheme will need to pay out an additional £300m from 1 July.

Nigel Fletcher, CEO of the Motability Foundation, said that would be the equivalent of a price rise of £1,100 for every driver on the scheme.

"A lot of disabled people won't be able to afford that, so we're now having to try and work out how can we make changes to the scheme that protects pricing as much as we possibly can," said Fletcher.

He added that black box was about "keeping prices down and keeping people safe" and its data had also found younger drivers to be the highest risk.

He said, of the 300 drivers removed from the scheme, one had driven 117mph in a 30mph zone.

"This a serious safety issue, not just for that individual, but everyone else in that community.

"They will get lots of warnings before they get taken off the scheme. And then if they are taken off the scheme, we will need to start looking at what our policies are around allowing them back onto the scheme in the future."

Motability has also decided that every vehicle with a named driver aged 30 or under will have the device fitted - which could include family, friends and personal assistants (PAs) who drive the vehicle.

"As a disabled person, my independence could be taken away as a result of a non-disabled person's actions," Day says.

"I'm experienced enough with PAs to know that not all PAs are amazing drivers. And that's just a reality of life. I find the consequences horrifying."

Motability will start to bring in the changes on new leases from 13 April for the first 15% of its 930,000 customer base. Then it will "review and analyse" whether to introduce it across the board.

'There is a difference whenever I drive'

Eva Hanna, 21, has a car with hand controls and says she is happy to have a black box, but feels the amber and red reports she has received for jerky driving is a direct result of her adaptations and thinks the scheme needs to be looked at.

"The braking and acceleration can be a bit more sensitive, because obviously it's not the same as using your feet," she says.

"You have to pull on the brake a little, or you have to pull on the accelerator to get it going. So I've found that during my journey I might have braked too hard or accelerated too harshly."

Eva Hanna Eva Hanna sits in her wheelchair in front of grass and some water with bare trees in the background and the sun shiningEva Hanna
Eva Hanna says her commute often takes her more than an hour, which could lead to getting red reports

She says she has received amber ratings when commuting to Belfast for work and a red score when she had to brake sharply on a country road.

In comparison, when her parents have driven the vehicle manually, they received green scores.

"I know I'm not a dangerous driver, but there is a difference whenever I drive. I'll always get knocked down a bit on the smoothness," she says.

"I worry because the scheme is so great. For people to be kicked off just because of small things that aren't their fault, it would be such a big let-down to a lot of disabled people."

Fletcher says this was not something Motability was aware of, but it would look into and would continue to gather information over the coming months.

As well as the black box, Motability has introduced recommendations that drivers take a break every hour and aim not to do more than six journeys a day. If that is exceeded, the driver will receive a red score, but it will not impact their lease.

It has also halved the number of miles drivers can make each year before they pay an excess.

Drivers will now be able to drive 10,000 miles before paying 25p on any miles travelled over that limit. Previously, the mileage was 20,000 with an excess of 5p a mile.

Motability says its average drives clock up 7,500 miles a year and Scotland's version of the scheme was still considering the cap.

But for Day, the recommendations are frustrating and impede his independence.

"I live in rural Cornwall, everything is an hour away," he says.

"If I wanted to go to London, which is where the majority of my work is, and I had to stop every hour, I couldn't get to work. It's just madness."

Even so, he is excited for the "freedom and access to the world" his new vehicle on the scheme will give him.

"I wouldn't be able to go to work without mine," he says. "I wouldn't be able to have a social life."

Record monthly rise in petrol and diesel prices, says RAC

Getty Images A woman looking at her mobile phone while filling up her car at a petrol stationGetty Images

The jump in the price of oil triggered by the conflict in the Middle East has raised the possibility of higher fuel costs for motorists.

Following the attacks by the US and Israel on Iran, the price of oil leapt by 10% and gas prices also surged.

The reason for the jump is that Iran has warned vessels not to pass through the Strait of Hormuz, a crucial waterway in the south of the country through which about 20% of the world's oil and gas is shipped.

If these restrictions persist and oil prices remain high for some time, the worry is this will have knock-on effects on prices of a number of goods.

However, there remains a huge amount of uncertainty at this stage as to whether the conflict will have a lasting effect on the price of oil, gas and wider energy costs.

How quickly will rising oil prices show in fuel prices?

Crude oil is a key ingredient in petrol and diesel, meaning higher oil prices could eventually drive up prices at the pumps.

The AA motoring group says that over the next few weeks fuel costs could return to where they were at the start of the year.

That would be a change to the general trajectory of fuel prices, which have been falling on UK forecourts over the past few weeks.

Further rises will depend on the magnitude and duration of the conflict, the AA said.

Currently, the average price for petrol is 132.6p a litre and 142.3p for diesel, according to AA data.

Simon Williams, from rival motoring group the RAC, said: "If oil were to climb to and stay at the $80 a barrel mark, then drivers could expect to pay an average of 136p for petrol.

"At $90, we'd be looking at over 140p a litre and $100 would take us nearer to 150p, but it's all too soon to know."

What could the impact be on food prices?

As well as affecting prices at the pump, if higher fuel costs persist they could have further knock-on effects on the prices of goods on the shelf.

More expensive petrol and diesel will increase the transport costs of those businesses moving food and other goods around the country.

These increased costs might then be passed on by shops and supermarkets to the consumer. As a result, the cost of living goes up.

There might also be a more direct impact on food. "Some elements of crude oil are used in fertiliser, and so there could be a cost implication in terms of food prices," Benjamin Goodwin, partner at banking advisory firm PRISM Strategic Intelligence told the BBC.

However, if the disruption is short lived then it is unlikely to result in an immediate increase in food prices, he said.

Will my energy bills rise?

In the short-term, millions of UK householders' domestic gas and electricity bills are shielded from any impact on wholesale costs paid by suppliers.

People whose energy bills are governed by the price cap already know what their unit prices are now, and will be for the three months from April. They have already been set.

However, the impacts of the conflict could potentially be seen on domestic variable energy tariffs from the subsequent price cap, for the three months from July.

How will this affect UK inflation and interest rates?

UK inflation, which measures the pace of price rises, has eased relative to the heights reached immediately after Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine four years ago.

It has meant that the Bank of England has been able to cut interest six times since August 2024 to 3.75%.

The Bank recently said further cuts to borrowing costs are likely this year with another cut widely expected later this month, but if the oil price continues to rise is this now less likely?

Much depends on how long crude prices remain elevated, according to Subitha Subramaniam, chief economist and head of investment strategy at Sarasin & Partners.

If they do, she said: "It will start to cascade into other prices such as food, agriculture, industrial commodities and that's just going to really bleed into inflation."

The Bank's rate-setting committee next meets in a couple of weeks' time which really isn't enough time to assess the impact of higher oil prices on inflation.

So, in the short-term, Subramaniam said: "I would say the prudent course for the Bank of England would be to remain on hold."

D.H.S. Inspector General Inquiry Focuses in Part on Corey Lewandowski

The investigation comes as administration officials have fielded complaints about how Kristi Noem’s top adviser, Corey Lewandowski, dealt with companies seeking federal contracts.

© Eric Lee for The New York Times

Kristi Noem, the former homeland security secretary, during a House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform hearing this year.
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