Supreme Court Hears Death Penalty Case on Intellectual Disability NYT | Top Stories By: Ann E. Marimow 10 December 2025 at 18:04 The case involves an Alabama man who challenged his death sentence after a murder conviction because of his varying results in a series of I.Q. tests. © Eric Lee for The New York TimesTwo decades ago, the Supreme Court barred the execution of people with mental disabilities as a violation of the Constitution’s Eighth Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment. But the court’s composition has changed since then.